CENTROIDS AND CENTERS OF GRAVITY

WORKSHOP 4

LAURA SUSANA CARRILLO PULIDO

5800648

MILITAR UNIVERSITY OF NEW GRANADA

SOLID MECHANICS

INDUSTRIAL (B)

2019
CENTROIDS AND CENTERS OF GRAVITY

WORKSHOP 4

LAURA SUSANA CARRILLO PULIDO

5800648

PEDRO NEL MARTINEZ HENAO

MILITAR UNIVERSITY OF NEW GRANADA

SOLID MECHANICS

INDUSTRIAL (B)

2019
 CENTROIDS AND CENTERS OF GRAVITY

INTRODUCTION

The present work is carried out in order to implement a didactic way of learning since through

this it is intended to raise a class, in which each student will explain in the form of exposure

to their classmates a respective exercise previously assigned by the teacher In this way a

cooperative and collaborative learning will be generated for each of the students.

ABSTRACT

In the following work we will consider, analyze, develop and arrive at the solution of the

exercises assigned by the teacher to each student. To develop this exercise, it is necessary to

know the theory of centroids and centers of gravity.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

CENTROID
The centroid is a purely geometric concept that depends on the shape of the system; the

center of mass depends on the distribution of matter, while the center of gravity depends on

the gravitational field.

CENTER OF GRAVITY

The center of gravity of a body is the point where the result of the sum of all the gravitational

forces acting on each of its particles is applied. If the body is symmetrical and homogeneous,

the result of all gravitational forces will be in located the geometric center.

PROBLEM STATEMENT
 CENTROIDS AND CENTERS OF GRAVITY

Exercise P5.15 Locate the centroid of the plane area shown.

𝐴, 𝑚𝑚2 𝑥̅ , mm 𝑦̅, mm 𝑥̅ A, 𝑚𝑚3 𝑦̅A, 𝑚𝑚3

1 𝜋 0 11,0347 0 21,181
𝑥47𝑥26 = 1919.51
2

2 1 -15.6667 -23,333 -51,543 -76,766

𝑥94𝑥70 = 3290
2

Σ 5209.5 -51,543 -55,584

Σ𝑥̅ 𝐴 −51,543
𝑥̅ =
Σ𝐴 5209.5

Σ𝑦̅𝐴 −55,584
𝑦̅ =
Σ𝐴 5209.5

Exercise P5.42 Determine by direct integration the centroid of the area shown. Express your

answer in terms of a and b.

 CENTROIDS AND CENTERS OF GRAVITY

1
𝑥̅𝐸𝐿 =x 𝑦̅𝐸𝐿 = 2 𝑦 𝑑𝐴 = 𝑦 𝑑𝑥

𝐿
𝑥 𝑥2 𝑥2 2 𝑥3 𝑙 5
𝐴 = ∫ 𝑑𝐴 = ∫ ℎ (1 + − 2 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 = ℎ [𝑥 + − ] = ℎ𝐿
𝑜 𝐿 𝐿 2𝐿 3 𝐿2 𝑜 6

𝐿 𝐿
𝑥 𝑥2 𝑥2 𝑋3
∫ 𝑥𝐸𝐿 𝑑𝐴 = ∫ 𝑥ℎ (1 + − 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 = ℎ ∫ (𝑥 + − 2 ) 𝑑𝑥
𝑜 𝐿 𝐿 𝑜 𝐿 2𝐿

𝑥2 1 𝑥3 2 𝑥4 𝐿 1 2
= ℎ[ + − ] = ℎ𝐿
2 3 𝐿 4 𝐿2 0 3

5 1
𝑥̅ 𝐴 = ∫ 𝑋𝐸𝐿 𝑑𝐴: 𝑥̅ ( ℎ𝐿) = ℎ𝐿2
6 3

5 1 𝑥 𝑋2
𝐴 = 6 ℎ𝐿 𝑦̅ 𝐸𝐿 = 2 𝑦 𝑦 = ℎ (1 + 𝐿 − 2 )
𝐿

2
1 ℎ2 𝐿 𝑥 𝑥2
̅ 2
∫ 𝑌𝐸𝐿 𝑑𝐴 = ∫ 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ (1 + − 2 2 ) 𝑑𝑥
2 2 𝑜 𝐿 𝐿

ℎ2 𝐿 𝑥 2 𝑥4 𝑥 𝑥2 𝑥3
= ∫ (1 2 + 4 4 + 2 − 4 2 − 3 ) 𝑑𝑥
2 𝑜 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿

ℎ2 𝑥 3 4𝑥 5 𝑥2 4𝑥 3 𝑥 4 𝐿 4 2 1𝑥 2 𝑥4 𝑥 𝑥2 𝑥3
= [𝑥 + 2 + 4 + − 2 − 3 ] = ℎ 𝐿 2 +4 4 +2 −4 2 − 3
2 3𝐿 5𝐿 𝐿 3𝐿 𝐿 𝑜 10 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿 𝐿

5
𝑦̅𝐴 ∫ 𝑦𝐸𝐿 𝑑𝐴: 𝑦̅ (6 ℎ𝐿) = 4/10ℎ2 𝐿=
 CENTROIDS AND CENTERS OF GRAVITY

CONCLUSION

It was possible to obtain the correct solution for the exercise proposed by the teacher with

their respective steps (statement of the problem, development and respective conclusions)

using the appropriate information regarding the centroids and centers of gravity.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

- https://fisica2judarasa.jimdo.com/la-ciencia-de-lo-absurdo/conocimientos-generales/concepto-
de-centroide-centro-de-gravedad-y-centro-de-masa/