RESULT

ONION EPIDERMIS CELL (OSMOSIS)

3.1 0.01M Sucrose Solution

Cell wall

Before (40x100) Magnification

Large vacuole

Nucleus

After (40x100) Magnification

3.2 0.02M Sucrose Solution

Large vacuole

Before (40x100) Magnification

Cell wall

Nucleus

After (40x100) Magnification

3.2 0.05M Sucrose Solution

Nucleus

Cell wall

Before (40x100) Magnification

Large vacuole

After (40x100) Magnification

3.4 0.1M Sucrose Solution

Nucleus

Cell wall

Before (40x100) Magnification

Large vacuole

After (40x100) Magnification

3.5 0.3M Sucrose Solution

Nucleus

Before (40x100) Magnification

Cell wall

Large vacuole

After (40x100) Magnification

3.6 0.5M Sucrose Solution

Nucleus
Large vacuole

Before (40x100) Magnification

Cell wall

After (40x100) Magnification

3.7 Distilled Water

Large vacuole

Before (40x100) Magnification

Cell wall

Nucleus

After (40x100) Magnification

DISCUSSION
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane down
the water concentration gradient. Osmosis occurs when free water molecules move from a region
of high solute concentration to a region of low solute concentration. This phenomenon can be
observed under the microscope in living cells.

A hypertonic solution contains a higher concentration of solutes compared to another

solution. The opposite solution with a lower concentration is the hypotonic solution. If a cell is
placed in a hypertonic solution, the cell is considered hypotonic. This is of great importance
because solutes and water tend to flow or diffuse along their gradients. Two solutions mixed
together will eventually become a single solution. If the solutions are separated by a permeable
membrane that only water through, the solution will become isotonic as the water moves between
the two solutions. Isotonic solutions have equal concentrations, although they may have different
volumes.

The ability of an extracellular solution to make water move into or out of a cell by osmosis
is know as its tonicity. A solution's tonicity is related to its osmolarity, which is the total
concentration of all solutes in the solution. A solution with low osmolarity has fewer solute particles
per liter of solution, while a solution with high osmolarity has more solute particles per liter of
solution. When solutions of different osmolarities are separated by a membrane permeable to
water, but not to solute, water will move from the side with lower osmolarity to the side with higher
osmolarity.
 In this experiment, we have studied the process of osmosis in plant cells. There are
several preparations must be done during the experiment. Firstly, we used fresh onions as it more
difficult to peel a single layer of cells from an old onion. After the onion was cut in half, a piece of
onion was held with the red cells facing towards you and the tissue was folded in the same way
as closing a book. The white tissue would broke but not the red tissue. The white tissue was
peeled off and you should get a thin line of intact red cells on the fold line. Cut these off and
mount. There were seven slides of epidermis that we prepared.

The solution used in this experiment was sucrose solution. The concentration of each
solution is different which is 0.01 M, 0.02 M, 0.05 M, 0.1 M, 0.3 M, 0.5 M and distilled water. After
the epidermis of the red onion was put in the slide, then using microscope we observed the
surface and take a picture for our result. After that the epidermis was flooded with different solution
then we observed again under the microscope.

https://www.nuffieldfoundation.org/practical-biology/observing-osmosis-plasmolysis-and-turgor-
plant-cells
https://www.gtac.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Osmosis_RedOnion_LabPreparation.pdf