O&l Steam raising (boiler operation/design)

97lQ2073 Impacts of alternative Great Lakes regulation plans

on hydropower production 08 STEAM RAISING
Irvine. K. N. et al. Eller~ Studies Re~Yew, 1996, 8, (I), I-IS.
This article evaluates the hydropower production for two alternative
regulation measures developed under the recent International Joint
Commission Great Lakes Water Levels Reference. This includes a new
control structure to regulate outflows from Lake Erie (measure 1.18) and
also revised the current regulation plans for lakes Superior and Ontario
Boiler Operation/Design
(measure 1.21). The economic impact of these measures were assessed. The
commission concluded that I.18 should be abandoned, but a modified
version of 1.21 should be implemented.
97102080 An advanced fuel drying technology for fluidized
97102074 Is innovation important for the Australian building bed boilers
industry? Hulkkooen, S. ef crl. Proc. In/. Con]: Fhrid. Bad Comhust.. 1995. 13. (I).
Wells, M. S&r progress, 1996, 17, (4), 13. 399-403.
Australia is looking to provide a competitive edge in the international An advanced fuel drying technology for high moisture content fuels as peat.
building market. This vehicle looks at work carried out by the ERDC into biomass and brown coal is heing developed by lmatran Voima Oy with it\
energy innovation. subsidiary International Ltd. The technology. which is called the bed mixing
dryer, is suitable for power plants utilizing fluidized bed combustion for
97102075 Melting of pig iron in electric-arc furnace with combined heat and power generation or solely power generation. The dryer
alternative energy from combustion of coal dust uses the heat of the fluidized bed directly for drying in a vessel operated al
Gensini, G. et a/. Eur. Pat. Appl. EP 723,129 (Cl. F27B3120). 24 Jul 1996, steam atmosphere. This paper describes the bed mixing drying technology
IT Appl. 95iUD3, 17 Jan 1995, I7 pp. and its first application at the Imatran Voima’s Kuuaamo power plant, using
The paper describes the electric-arc furnace for melting of Fe allays on steel peat and wood wastes as fuels.
is comprises: (a) the tuyeres positioned an the bottom to deliver 02; (b) the
tuyeres and lances used to deliver coal dust to the molten pig iron and/or
slag; and (c) burners positioned an the cooled furnace sidewalls to deliver 97102081 Advances in the dynamic prediction of ash
the O-containing gases and combustible fuels. The oxidation of Fe deposition
promotes formation of Fe0 and then its reduction by C to CO near the Erickson, T. A. et al. Proc. Annu. Int. Pittvbqh Coal Cmf., 1995, 12, 33-
surface of molten pig iron, and the slag is foamed to promote the 39.
combustion of CO to CO2 above the molten metal surface forimproved As part of the Coal Quality Expert (CQE) program, a new ash deposition
heating efficiency in the electric-arc furnace. code, FOULER, has heen created. This code incorporates the latest
advances in predicting ash deposition in both pulverized-coal and cyclone-
fired steam generators. Though testing and validation are continuing.
97102076 Solar energy for paddy parboiling in India: Finan-
predictions comparing two coals have been made and these are presented in
cial feasibility analysis
this paper.
Kapur, T. et al. Orcw (Oxford), 1996, 21, (IO), 931-937.
In order to meet thermal energy demand for paddy parboiling in India, Iow-
efficiency, rice-husk-based furnace-boiler systems are generally used. Paddy
97lO2082 Application of a boiler performance model to
parboiling operations require hot water at temperatures up to 90’. The
financial feasibility of supplementing the energy supply for paddy
evaluate low-rank coal fired subcritical and supercritical boilers
Ann, Y. K. er al. Proc. Amrr. Int. Pittsburgh Coal Conf., 1995, 12. 157-164.
parboiling through the use of solar water-heating systems has been
The upgrading of Alaska Usibelli and Montana Rosebud suhhituminous
assessed. Typical results indicate that as long as the opportunity cost of
coals by the SynCoal process prior to firing in subcritical and supercritical
rice husk is less than Rs 10OO/ton, a solar water-heating system is not
boilers was given an economic evaluation, based on tax incentives resulting
financially desirable.
from the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (USA).

97102077 Thermodynamic analysis of the engine internal

process to determine the suitability of vegetable oils as 97102083 Application of high velocity flame sprayings for the
alternative fuels for diesel engines heat exchanger tubes in coal fired boilers
Raubold, W. ICE (Am. Sot. Mech. Gzg.), 1995, 24, (Natural Gas and Fukuda, Y. and Kumon. M. Therm. Spraying: Curr. Statue Future Trmd\.
Alternative Fuels for Engines 1995), 9-15.
Proc. fnt. Therm. Spraying Con&. 14th, 1995, 1, 107-I I I. Edited by Obmori,
Four different kinds of fuel were used in test-bed experiments for a swirl-
A. High Temperature Society of Japan, Osaka, Japan.
chamber diesel engine. These were: (I) diesel fuel, (2) unprocessed
For the prevention of boiler tube erosion, high velocity flame spraying
rapeseed oil, (3) short-chain (C x,III) fatty acids, and (4) an oil similar to
(HVFS) coating such as the detonation-gun process, Jet-kote process, and
rapeseed oil. The thermodynamic analysis of the measured cylinder
DJ-Gun process are very successful. This is because HVFS produces
pressure curves was used to obtain more detailed information, in addition
poreless high-quality coatings with strong adherence to base material. The
to the standard performance characteristics and emissions. The resultant
quality of the coatings depends on the powder properties such as
heat-release curves helped to show correlations between the properties of
morphology and size distribution. The coating properties were improved
the fuels used and the test-bed results. In addition to the gaseous emissions,
and subsequently tested in both laboratory and several actual plants.
the smoke numbers and the particulate emissions according to EPA
Various HVFS coatings have been successfully applied to many compo-
regulations were also measured.
nents of coal-fired boilers.

97lO2078 Transfer of renewable energy and environmental

technology to developing countries 97102084 Ash fouling in coal-fired utility boilers. Monitoring
Zahedi, A. Solar Progress. 1996, 17, (4), 12. and optimization of on-load cleaning
Discusses the need for basic utilities in developing countries and the scope Valero, A. and Cartes, C. Prog. Enqy Comhust. Sci. 1996, 22, (2), 1X9-
for renewable energy sources to provide these services. 200.
This review includes discussions on boiler slagging and fouling, fouling
97102079 Used oil as a fuel oil alternative monitoring, and cleaning optimization.
Karaosmnoglu, F. and Gurbuz Beker, U. Energy Sources, 1996, 18, (6),
h37-644.
The use spent frying oil as a fuel oil alternative was investigated. The fuel 97lO2005 Chlorine corrosion at steam generators. Thermo-
oil analysis tests applied to the refined fuel oil, spent frying oil and its dynamic calculations explain observations in the practice.
blends with fuel oil, were done according to standard test methods. The Results from the VGB research projects 145 and 153
experimental results indicated that spent frying oil and its blends with fuel Born, M. and Seifert, P. VGB Kraftwerkstech., 1996, 76, (IO), 823-X28. (In
oil can be used as a possible substitute for fuel oil. German), VGB-Technische Vereinigung der Grosskraftwerksbetreiher.
The corrosion of steam boilers of steel by gaseous Cl in terms of reaction
kinetics, thermodynamic calculations. hehaviour of combustion gases. etc. is
discussed in this review.

97102086 Coal water slurry reburning ‘Low cost NO, com-

pliance system for cyclone-fired boilers’
Ashworth, R. A. et al. Suppl. Coal Fines: Unclaimed Fuel, Pap. Int. T&l.
Conf: Coal Util. Fuel Syst., 21.d 1996. 37-48. Edited by Serkin, S. D. Coal &
Slurry Technology Association. Washington, DC.
An alternative to the NO, reduction system currently being considered for
cyclone-fired units is presented. This is a low cost (or even payhack) version
of rehurning technology wherein a 501.50 coal water slurry is used as the
reburning fuel instead of natural gas or coal.

168 Fuel and Energy Abstracts May 1997