SUB: TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING MODULE-88A

MODULE- 88A
Testing and specifications of paving materials
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California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test

CBR is used to find the thickness of flexible pavement. Normally 2.5mm penetration
more than 5.0mm penetration. Load at 2.5mm penetration is CBR. If 5mm
penetration > 2.5mm penetration, repeat the test. Still the results are same then, the
load at 5mm penetration is CBR. Average 3 samples are reported as CBR. If
deviation is more, then 6 value should be averaged.

2.5mm -1370kg

50mm- 2055kg

Aggregate test:

1. Crushing test : is not more than 45 base course

Is not more than 30 surface course
2. Abrasion test :
3. Impact test: is not more than 30 wearing course
Is not more than 35 BM
Is not more than 40 WBM
4. Flakiness index: 0.6 times mean dimensions.
5. Elongation index: 1.8 times mean dimension.
6. Angularity number= 67- = 67- W=Weight of aggregate ,
C= weight of water

The viscosity of bitumen is reduced by volatile diluents. It is called cut back. If

bitumen is suspended in a finely divided condition in an aqueous medium is called
emulsion. Tar is obtained by destructive distillation.

Penetration test: ⁄ mm reading. Needle penetration for 5 sec.

Ductility test

Viscosity test

Float test

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Sp.gr. test

Softening point test: (ring and ball test)

Flash & fine point test

Solubility test

Spot test

Marshall Mix design:

The mix design determines the optimum bitumen content.

Stability: It measures the maximum load supported by the test specimen.

Flow: It is measured as the deformation in units of 0.25mm between no load and maximum
load carried by specimen during stability test

Specimen: 1200gm aggregates and filler. Temp to

Bitumen (3.5 or 4%) by weight of aggregate temp : mix both.

Place the mix in mould and compact by 50 blows.

Vary bitumen in next trial by +.05% and repeat.

Theoretical specific gravity

Bulk specific gravity

( )

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Air voids %

Percent volume of bitumen

Voids in mineral aggregate VMA=

Voids filled with bitumen VFB=

Marshal test :

Max stability =

Max or density =

Bitumen at 4% air voids =

Optimum bitumen content = %

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