Latihan Soal KIMIA DASAR How many milliliters of 0.
125 M NaHCO3
1. How does Dalton’s atomic theory account
for the law of mass conservation?
Kaitan Hukum Dalton dan hokum
keseimbangan massa
2. A sample of mercury with a mass of 114.0
g was combined with 12.8 g of oxygen gas,
and the resulting reaction gave 123.1 g of
mercury(II) oxide. How much oxygen was
left over after the reaction was complete?
4Hg + O2  2Hg2O
3. A sample of CaCO3 was heated, causing it
to form CaO and CO2 gas. Solid CaO
remained behind, while the CO2 escaped
to the atmosphere. If the CaCO3 weighed
612 g and the CaO weighed 343 g, how
many grams of CO2 were formed in the
reaction?
CaCO3  CaO + CO2
4. Balance the following equations:
(a) C6H12O6  C2H6O + CO2
(fermentation of sugar to yield ethyl
alcohol)
C6H12O6  2C2H6O + 2CO2
(b) CO2 +H2O  C6H12O6+ O2
(photosynthesis reaction in green
plants)
6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6+ 3O2
(c) NH3 +Cl2  N2H4 +NH4Cl (synthesis
of hydrazine for rocket fuel)
4NH3 +Cl2  N2H4 + 2NH4Cl
5. Stomach acid, a dilute solution of HCl in
water, can be neutralized by reaction with
sodium hydrogen carbonate, NaHCO3,
according to the equation HCl(aq) +
NaHCO3(aq)  NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
solution are needed to neutralize 18.0 mL of
0.100 M HCl?
Thus, 14.4 mL of the 0.125 M NaHCO3 solution is
needed to neutralize 18.0 mL of the 0.100 M HCl
solution.
5. What volume of 0.250 M H2SO4 is needed
to react with 50.0 mL of 0.100 M NaOH?
The equation is H2SO4(aq) + 2 NaOH(aq) ¡
Na2SO4(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
6. Which of the following equations are
balanced?
(a) The development reaction in silver-
halide photography: 2 AgBr + 2 NaOH +
C6H6O2  2Ag + H2O + 2 NaBr +
C6H4O2
(b) The preparation of household bleach:
NaOH + Cl2 ¡ NaOCl + NaCl + H2O
7. Which of the following equations are
balanced? Balance any that need it.
a. The thermite reaction, used in
welding:
Al + Fe2O3  Al2O3 + Fe
b. The photosynthesis of glucose from
CO2:
6 CO2 + 6 H2O  C6H12O6 + 6 O2
c. The separation of gold from its ore:
Au + 2 NaCN + O2 + H2O  NaAu(CN)2
+ 3 NaOH
8. Balance the following equations:
a. Mg + HNO3  H2 + Mg(NO3)2
b. CaC2 + H2O  Ca(OH)2 + C2H2
c. S + O2  SO3
d. UO2 + HF  UF4 + H2O
9. Balance the following equations:
(a) The explosion of ammonium nitrate:
C2H8N2 + N2O4  N2 + CO2 + H2O
 (b) The spoilage of wine into vinegar:
C2H6O + O2  C2H4O2 + H2O
(c) The burning of rocket fuel:
NH4NO3 N2 + O2 + H2O
10. What are the molecular (formula) masses of
the following substances?
(a) Hg2Cl2 (calomel, used at one time as a
bowel purgative)
(b) C4H8O2 (butyric acid, responsible for the
odor of rancid butter)
(c) CF2Cl2 (a chlorofluorocarbon that
destroys the stratos-pheric ozone layer)
11. What are the molecular masses of the
following pharmaceuticals?
(a) C33H35FN2O5 (atorvastatin, lowers
blood cholesterol)
(b) C22H27F3O4S (fluticasone, anti-
inflammatory)
(c) C16H16ClNO2S (clopidogrel, inhibits
blood clots)
12. What are the molecular masses of the
following herbicides?
(a) C6H6Cl2O3 (2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid, effective
on broadleaf plants)
(b) C15H22ClNO2 (metolachlor, pre-
emergent herbicide)
(c) C8H6Cl2O3 (dicamba, effective on
broadleaf plants)
12. How many grams are in a mole of each of the
following substances?
(a) Ti (b) Br2 (c) Hg (d) H2O
13. How many moles are in a gram of each of the
following substances?
(a) Cr (b) Cl2 (c) Au (d) NH3
14. How many moles of ions are in 27.5 g of
MgCl2?
15. How many moles of anions are in 35.6 g of
AlF3?
16. What is the molecular mass of chloroform if
0.0275 mol weighs 3.28 g?
17. What is the molecular mass of cholesterol if
0.5731 mol weighs 221.6 g?
18. Iron(II) sulfate, FeSO4, is prescribed for the
treatment of anemia. How many moles of
FeSO4 are present in a standard 300 mg tablet?
How many iron(II) ions?
19. An average cup of coffee contains about
125 mg of caffeine, C8H10N4O2. How many
moles of caffeine are in a cup? How many
molecules of caffeine?
20. Iron metal can be produced from the
mineral hematite, Fe2O3, by reaction with
carbon. How many kilograms of iron are
present in 105 kg of hematite?
21 Iron metal can be produced from the mineral
hematite, Fe2O3, by reaction with carbon. How
many kilograms of iron are present in 105 kg of
hematite?
22. In the preparation of iron from hematite,
Fe2O3 reacts with carbon:
Fe2O3 + C  Fe + CO2 Unbalanced
(a) Balance the equation.(b) How many moles
of carbon are needed to react with 525 g of
hematite?(c) How many grams of carbon are
needed to react with 525 g of hematite?
23. An alternative method for preparing pure
iron from Fe2O3 is by reaction with carbon
monoxide:
Fe2O3 + CO  Fe + CO2 Unbalanced
(a) Balance the equation.
(b) How many grams of CO are needed to
react with 3.02 g of Fe2O3?
(c) How many grams of CO are needed to
react with 1.68 mol of Fe2O3?
24. Magnesium metal burns in oxygen to form
magnesium oxide, MgO.
(a) Write a balanced equation for the
reaction.
(b) How many grams of oxygen are needed
to react with 25.0 g of Mg? How many grams
of MgO will result?
(c) How many grams of Mg are needed to
react with 25.0 g of O2? How many grams of
MgO will result?
25. Pure oxygen was first made by heating
mercury(II) oxide:
HgO Heat  Hg + O2 Unbalanced
(a) Balance the equation.
(b) How many grams of mercury and how
many grams of oxygen are formed from 45.5
g of HgO?
(c) How many grams of HgO would you need
to obtain 33.3 g of O2?
26. Assume that you have 1.39 mol of H2 and 3.44
mol of N2. How many grams of ammonia
(NH3) can you make, and how many grams
of which reactant will be left over?
27. How many grams of each product result from
the follow-ing reactions, and how many
grams of which reactant is left over?
(1.3 g NaCl) + (3.5 g AgNO3)  (x g AgCl) +
(y g NaNO3)
(2.65 g BaCl2) + (6.78 g H2SO4)  (x g
BaSO4) + (y g HCl)
28. Nickel(II) sulfate, used for nickel plating, is
prepared by treatment of nickel(II) carbonate
with sulfuric acid:
NiCO3 + H2SO4  NiSO4 + CO2 + H2O
(a) How many grams of H2SO4 are needed to
react with 14.5 g of NiCO3?
(b) How many grams of NiSO4 are obtained if
the yield is 78.9%?
29. How many moles of solute are present in
each of the following solutions?
(a) 35.0 mL of 1.2 M HNO3
(b) 175 mL of 0.67 M glucose (C6H12O6)
30. How many grams of solute would you use
to prepare each of the following solutions?
(a) 250.0 mL of 0.600 M ethyl alcohol (C2H6O)
(b) 167 mL of 0.2 M boric acid (H3BO3)
31 The sterile saline solution used to rinse
contact lenses can be made by dissolving 400
mg of NaCl in sterile water and diluting to 100
mL. What is the molarity of the solution?
32. The concentration of glucose (C6H12O6) in
normal blood is approximately 90 mg per 100
mL. What is the molarity of the glucose?