THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION AND COMPLETION OF MAKTAB RENDAH SAINS MARA (MRSM) ON LOT 1229, BLOCK 37, KENEMA

LAND DISTRICT, BINTULU, SARAWAK

TIME COST COMPARISON FOR ROCK EXCAVATION METHOD

WATER JET SOIL

EXCAVATOR NON- EXPLOSIVE
EXCAVATION EXCAVATOR LOOSING /
EXCAVATOR HYDRUALIC AGENT (CHEMICAL
METHOD MOUTED RIPPER RECHARGE WELL
BREAKER EXPANSION)
CONCEPT

Drill and insert chemical

Loosen the hard material To provide high Drill and loosing the soil
Normal excavate with and wait for expansion
METHOD & removed by normal mechanical impact with high water pressure
soil bucket of mixture 6 hours (In
excavation energy to break rock in grid system
pattern)

STIFF SOIL (30 < SPT

TYPE OF SOIL SOFT SOIL (SPT < 30) Hard Material / Rock Weather rock young rock / hard rock
< 50)

TIME Fast Slow slow / time consume slow / time consume Moderate

COST Low Low Low Medium High

ADVANTAGE Fast & low cost Low cost moderate moderate High
 High cost and limited to
Effectiveness depend on hard rock
Limited to soft materials
DIS-ADVANTAGE Less effective Less effective the drilling number and only.Effectiveness
ONLY
spacing depend on the drilling
number and spacing
T 1229, BLOCK 37, KENEMA

CONTROL
HYDRUALIC ROCK
BLASTING
SPILLTER
(EXPLOSION)

The use of explosives Drill and insert the

and other methods such Splitter, pump the
as gas pressure blasting hydrualic to insert the
pyrotechnics, to break wedge to break the
rock rock

Hard Material / Rock Hard Material / Rock

Fast & effective Moderate

Medium High

High High
 High cost and limited
Explosive & Vibration to to hard rock only
adjecent structural / Effectiveness depend
building on the drilling number
and spacing
5.2.5 Hard material
5.2.5.1 This shall mean any hard material which can be excavated using
an excavator with minimum weight of 44 tonnes and net
horsepower rating of 321 brake horsepower with production rate
not exceeding 50 m3 / hour. The excavator unit is to be in good
condition and operated by experienced personnel.
5.2.5.2 Hard material shall exclude individual masses less than 0.5 m3.
5.2.5.3 Trial excavation shall be carried out using the above equipment to
determine hard material. The trial excavation shall be carried out
on a flat platform in order to develop the rated horsepower at
maximum efficiency.
5.2.6 Rock
5.2.6.1 Rock shall mean material found in ledges or masses which can
be excavated using the following equipment with production rate
not exceeding 20 m3 / hour:
(i) Track-type tractor (dozer)
Equipment with minimum weight of 37 tonnes and net
horsepower rating of 305 brake horsepower or more (D8R or
equivalent). The tractor unit is to be in good condition and
operated by experienced personnel skilled in the use of
ripping equipment; and
(ii) Ripping unit
The ripper to be atached to the above mentioned tractor
shall have a minimum penetration force of 120 kN. The
ripper shall have a single shank in good working condition
with sharpened cutting point.
5.2.6.2 Trial excavation shall be carried out using the above equipment to
determine rock.