Name:_____________________

1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.

7-8. Convert these times from hours to minutes:

Hours Minutes

1 hour
½ an hour
9-10. Convert these times from minutes to seconds:
Minutes Seconds

2 minutes

1 minute
11-12. Convert these times from hours and minutes to minutes:
Hours and Minutes Minutes

1 hour and 30 minutes

2 hours and 23 minutes

Write the elapsed time between the start time and the end time.

13.
Start time: 7:30 am Elapsed time: ___________
End time: 10:45 am

14.
Start time: 2:30 pm Elapsed time: ___________
End time: 11:20 pm
15.
Start time: 7:30 am Elapsed time: ___________
End time: 11:30 pm

16.
Start time: 8:00 am Elapsed time: ___________
End time: 12:30 am

17. If it is 8:23 am when I wake up, what time will it be 2 hours

from now?
_________________________________________________

18. If it is 2:26 pm when I go to the park and I stay for 3 hours

and 20 minutes, what time will it be when I leave?
_________________________________________________

19. I finished my homework at 8:30 pm last night. If I worked

on homework for 2 hours, what time was it when I started?
_________________________________________________

20. I finished my run at 4:45 pm. If I ran for one hour and 30
minutes, what time did I start running?
_________________________________________________
AAAA Preassess: Drew clocks correctly, wrote on the hour correct. For
2:30, drew 6:20. Hour = 60 minutes, ½ hour= 150 minutes.
Converted 2 minutes and 1 minute into seconds accurately.
Skipped hour and minute conversions. Skipped elapsed time
questions. 8:23 + 2 hours = 4:23. Got the other addition and two
subtraction problems correct.
Post-assess: Drew clocks correctly, wrote “on the hour” correct.
For 2:30, drew 3:30. One hour=60 minutes, ½ hour=90 minutes.
Converted minutes and hours with minutes correctly. Got one
elapsed time question correct. For 2:30-11:20 had 9:10. For
7:30am-11:30 pm had 4 hours (which is right if both am). For
8:00 am to 12:30 am had 4:30 (which is right if am to pm). Got
all addition and subtraction problems correct.

Pre: 55%, Post: 75%= 36% increase

AAAA was always involved and willing to participate. She

worked hard and always followed instruction. On the worksheet
given at the end of Day One (AM/PM, how to write time), she
scored a 94%.

BBBB Preassess: On drawing clocks: 10:00 was 10:45, 7:40 was 7:55,
1:40 was 1:55. Read “on the hour” clocks correct. Read 2:30
clock as 3:00. Skipped hour and hour and a half conversion. Got
2 minute and 1 minute conversion correct, skipped hour with
minute conversion. Skipped first two elapsed time questions.
7:30am-11:30pm= 4 hours, 8 am-12:30 am= 4 hours and 30
minutes. Skipped all the addition and subtraction word problems.
Post-assess: Drew 10:00 correct, drew 7:40 as 7:50, drew 1:40
as 1:50. Read “on the hour” correct. Read 2:30 as 3:6.
Conversions: 1 hour= 2minutes, ½ hour= 2/2 minutes. 2
minutes= 3 seconds, 1 minutes= 2 seconds. 1 hour and 30
minutes= 2 minutes, 2 hours and 23 minutes= 3 minutes.
Elapsed time: 7:30am-10:45am=1:15, 2:30pm-11:20 pm= 1:00,
7:30 am-11:30pm= 12:30, 8:00am-12:20am=3:30. On the
addition and subtraction problems, all she did was add 1 minute
to each of the starting times.

The incongruencies with how she did on the other questions and
the post-assessment leads me to believe she copied off of her
close friend she was sitting next to for the preassessment. I had
to leave what I was doing for fast finishers to ask them to stop
talking during the quiz. If it was due to cheating, her scores
would look more like Pre: 2/20, and post: 5/20, giving her a
150% increase instead of the 25% increase.
 However, on the post assessment, she attempted every
question, instead of leaving 10 questions blank, like on the
preassessment.

On the worksheet given at the end of Day One (AM/PM, how to

write time), she scored a 31%.

BBBB has ADHD, language delays, and processing delays.

During instruction, she would only participate if told directly, and
would only pay attention if she was actively involved in the
activity.

CCCC Preassess: Drawing Clocks: For 10:00, drew 1:00. Drew 7:40
and 1:40 correctly. Read 3:00, 11:00, and 2:30 correctly.
Conversions: 1 hour= 40 min, ½ hour=1/2 day, 2 min=2sec,
1min=1 sec, 1 hour and 30 min= 30, 2 hours and 23 min= 23.
Elapsed time: for the first two, she just wrote down random
minutes (3 and 9). For 7:30am-11:30 pm she got 4 hours, which
would have been correct if they were both am. For 8am-12:30
am she also wrote 4 hours. Adding and subtracting: got 8:23+
2hours correct. For the next three, she added the hours, not the
minutes (didn’t subtract).
Post-assess: Drew all the clocks correctly. Read 3:00 correct,
read 11:00 as 5:00, 2:30 as 3:30. Conversions: got one hour to
minutes correct. ½ hour= 24 min, and wrote the same answers
for minutes to seconds as she did in the pre-assessment. For 1
hour and 30 minutes, she just added the numbers together to
get 31 minutes, same as for 2 hours and 23 min (25 min).
Elapsed time: 7:30am-10:45 am she had 3 hours, which is the
correct hour but left out the minutes. For 2:30-11:20, she had 2
hours. For 7:30am-11:30 pm she got 4 hours, which would have
been correct if they were both am. For 8am-12:30 am she also
wrote 4 hours (which is she did for the pre-assessment).
Addition and subtraction: got 8:23+ 2hours correct. For 2:26 + 3
hours and 20 minutes, she only added the hour (5:26). Got 8:30-
2 hours correct. For 4:45- 1 hour and 30 minutes, she wrote
1:25, so she at least attempted to do something with the
minutes.

Pre: 30%, Post: 30% with 0% change (only 0% change)

CCCC improved on her clock drawing, but missed clock
reading questions she previously got. She got one conversion
right on the post, instead of 0 on the pre. On the elapsed times,
she tried the first two instead of guessing random numbers. She
worked the addition and subtraction problems on the post
instead of just adding the hours like in the pre.
 If the 7:30am-11:30 pm question was am-am, she would
have scored a 35% instead of a 30% on both assessments.

On the worksheet given at the end of Day One (AM/PM, how to

write time), she scored a 75%.

The first day, she announced, “but I don’t know how to read
clocks.” CCCC struggled with the concept that instead of writing
60 minutes, you would go to the next hour. She also struggled
with paying attention to instruction. Right after showing times
accurately on mini clocks, I asked the group to tell the time on
the classroom clock and she said, “I don’t know how to read that
kind of clock.”

DDDD Preassess: Drawing clocks: for 10:00, drew 10:50. For 7:40,
drew 2:35. For 1:40, drew 9:05. Reading clocks: 3:00=12:16,
11:00=12:61, 2:30= 6:9. Conversions: got 1 hour and ½ hour
correct, got 2 minutes and 1 minute correct, got 1 hour and 30
minutes correct, but for 2 hours and 23 minutes she wrote, “?to
hard, I need help.” Elapsed time: 7:30-10:45 she had 6:15, which
is the correct minutes. For 2:30-11:20, she had 9:10. In this
case, the difference between the hours is correct, and the
difference between the minutes is correct. For 7:30am-11:30 pm,
she got four hours, which would have been correct if they were
both am. For 8:00am to 12:30 am she got 4:60. Addition: She
got both right. Subtraction: For 8:30-2 hours she got 6:60, and
did not complete the last question.
Post-assess: She drew all the clocks correctly. She read 3:00
and 11:00 correct, but for 2:30, she wrote 10:30. She got all the
same conversions questions correct, but this time she got 2
hours and 23 minutes correct as well. Elapsed time: She got
7:30-10:45 right. For 2:30-11:20, she wrote 3 hours and 10
minutes. For 7:30am-11:30 pm, she got 3 hours. For 8am-
12:20am, she got 4 hours and 30 minutes, which would have
been right if it was pm-am. Addition: Again, she got both correct.
Subtraction: She got 8:30-2 hours correct. For 4:45-1 hour and
30 minutes, she got 6:00.

Pre: 35% Post: 75%, making a 114% increase (second highest

increase)
If the 7:30am-11:30 pm question was am-am, and the
8:00am to 12:30 pm was pm-am, she would have scored a 40%
instead of a 35% on the preassessment, and an 80% instead of
a 75% on the post, giving her a 100% increase.
On the worksheet given at the end of Day One (AM/PM,
how to write time), she scored a 69%.
 DDDD was one of the most focused students we had. She
was always willing to participate and asked questions when she
was confused. She made so much progress, and tried her best
at everything she did.

EEEE Preassess: Drew time accurately, wrote 12:15 for 3:00 and 2:30
for 3:30. Knew hour and half an hour conversions, got the 2
minute to second conversion correct, but not the one minute to
seconds conversion (100), and got hour and minutes
conversions correct. Elapsed time: Only counted the hours; all
the hours were right though. All addition and subtraction
problems were correct.
Post-assess: She drew all the clocks correct. For 7:40, she
wrote in all the minutes. She read all the clocks correct. She
converted the hours to minutes and minutes to second correct.
She converted 1 hour and 30 minutes correct, but on 2 hours
and 23 minutes, she only had 140. She got 7:30-10:45 correct.
She was the only one to get 2:30 to 11:20 correct on the post-
assessment. On 7:30am to 11:30 pm she had 5 hours. On 8:00
am to 12:20 am, she put 4 hours and 30 minutes, which would
have been correct if it was pm-am. She got the addition
questions correct. She Got subtracting two hours question
correct, but unlike the pretest, she missed the last question
(4:45-1 hour and 30 minutes= 4:00).

Pre: 65%, Post: 80% with a 23% change.

EEEE was not in class the day we did the preassessment, so I

divided it into three parts. My plan was to give her the questions
that would be covered that day during our opening. This way,
she wouldn’t have more instruction than the others, and this way
she wouldn’t miss any instruction. Instead, she was able to finish
all three in two days.

EEEE was very focused and was always participating and willing
to answer questions and explain things to her peers. She was
always engaged and always followed directions.

On the worksheet given at the end of Day One (AM/PM, how to

write time), she scored a 100%.

FFFF Preassess: FFFF drew 10:00 as 10:50. He drew 7:40 and 1:40
correct. He read all the clocks correct (3:00, 11:00, and 2:30).
He got all of the conversions correct (hours to minutes, minutes
to seconds, hours and minutes to minutes). Elapsed time: for
7:30-10:45 he had 2 hours and 45 minutes. For the 2:30 to
 11:20, he was the only one that got that question right. For the
7:30am-11:30 pm, he had 4 hours, which would have been right
if it was am-am. On 8:00 am to 12:20 am, he put 4 hours and 30
minutes, which would have been correct if it was pm-am. He got
both addition questions correct. For the first subtraction problem,
he added (correctly) instead. He got the last subtraction question
correct.
Post Assessment: FFFF drew all of the clocks correctly, and
read all of the clocks correctly. He got all of the conversions
correct again. Elapsed time: This time, he got 7:30-10:45
correct, but missed 2:30 to 11:20 (10 hours and 50 minutes).
The rest of the assessment was the same as the
preassessment.

Pre: 75%, Post: 80% with 7% increase

Though FFFF said he hates math, he was one of the three top
performers. His best friend was in the same group, so that was a
huge distraction for him. He had problems with blurting out and
fidgeting. On the last day of instruction he struggled to stay
involved and participate. He generally knew what he was doing,
but would make random errors every so often. His behavior was
the most effected by the activities we chose; the more actively
involved they could be, the more engaged and less distracted he
was.

On the worksheet given at the end of Day One (AM/PM, how to

write time), he scored a 94% (the question he missed was one
he had no answer for, so I am assuming he forgot to do it).
GGGG Preassess: GGGG drew all of the clocks correctly (10:00, 7:40,
1:40), wrote all the time correctly (3:00, 11:00, 2:30) and
converted hours to minutes and minutes to seconds correctly.
She skipped the hour and minutes to minutes conversions.
Elapsed time: She answered 7:30 to 10:45 correct. For 2:30 to
11:20, she wrote 9 hours and 10 minutes, which is the correct
difference between hours and minutes. For the 7:30am-11:30
pm, she had 4 hours, which would have been right if it was am-
am. On 8:00 am to 12:20 am, she put 4 hours and 30 minutes,
which would have been correct if it was pm-am. All her addition
and subtraction answers were correct.
Post: GGGG was absent the day we had our post assessment

Pre: 75%
The first day, the only issues we had with GGGG was her being
distracted from her best friend; this was resolved quickly by
separating them. The second day we had severe power
 struggles. She refused to follow simple instructions like put your
board away. She refused to accept that the hour hand is the
shorter hand and the minute hand is the long one, and would
explain to people that is the way that it is (though later the next
day she would tell people that the word “hour” is shorter so the
hand is shorter). The third day of instruction, she participated ad
was engaged.

When we spoke to her teacher, she said that GGGG has

extreme behavioral problems; she can either be “an angel,” or
be extremely difficult. She reported that her behavior just
depends on the day. Her previous teacher told us that once
GGGG decides something, she will absolutely not move from it.
She says she definitely has anxiety issues and also has Tourette
Syndrome, though she says it’s a mild case.

On the worksheet given at the end of Day One (AM/PM, how to

write time), she scored a 100%.
On the second day, she struggled with the separation between
hour and minute hand.
On the third day, she kept on pace with instruction. She showed
her understanding of adding and subtracting time by getting
questions right when she worked them out on her board. She
was able to get elapsed time problems correct if walked through
the steps of how.

HHHH Preassess: Drawing clocks: Drew all the clocks accurately, and
read the on-the-hour clocks correctly, but for 2:30 had 3:30. He
got all of the conversions correct. He got the first elapsed time
correct (7:30 to 10:45). For 2:30 to 11:20, he wrote 9 hours and
10 minutes, which is the correct difference between hours and
minutes. For the 7:30am-11:30 pm, he had 4 hours, which would
have been right if it was am-am. On 8:00 am to 12:20 am, he put
4 hours and 30 minutes, which would have been correct if it was
pm-am. All his addition answers were correct. He subtracted 2
hours from 8:30 correctly, but on the last subtraction question he
added instead (4:45 - 1 hour and 30 minutes = 6:05).
Post Assessment: HHHH drew all his clocks correctly and read
all the clocks correctly again. He got the hour to minutes
conversion correct again, but this time for ½ an hour he wrote 90
minutes. The rest of his conversions were correct. He performed
the same on the first two elapsed time questions. For 7:30 am to
11:30 pm, he wrote 9 hours and 30 minutes. For 8 am to 12:20
am, he wrote 10 hours and 30 minutes. This tells me he at least
understands there is a difference between AM and PM here,
 which is progress. He got all of the addition right again, and this
time he got both of the subtraction right as well.

Pre: 75%, Post 80% with a 7% increase

HHHH was not in class the day we did the preassessment, so I

divided it into three parts. My plan was to give him the questions
that would be covered that day during our opening. This way, he
wouldn’t have more instruction than the others, and he wouldn’t
miss any instruction. Instead, he was able to finish all three in
two days.

HHHH was engaged for our small group activities, but was very
social whenever we were one big group. During groups, HHHH
was always participating. He was the one that took the time to
try and explain things to BBBB multiple times. He was extremely
patient with her. When she would get something wrong, he
would reassure her by telling her it was “ok to get things wrong
sometimes.” He was always very sincere and followed
directions.

On the worksheet given at the end of Day One (AM/PM, how to

write time), he scored a 56%.
IIII Preassess: Drawing Clocks: for 10:00, he drew 10:50. He drew
7:40 and 1:40 correctly. Reading Clocks: For 3:00 and 11:00 he
switched the minute and hour hands up (but if they were
switched, he used the right minutes). He read 2:30 correct.
Conversions: For the hour to minute conversions, he had 1 hour
equal to 100 minutes, 1 minute equal to 59 seconds. On the
hour and minute to minutes, he just wrote 120 for 1 hour and 30
minutes, and showed work for multiplying 23 by 2 for 2 hours
and 23 minutes. Elapsed time: He wrote down two digit numbers
that I can’t find a pattern to for all of the questions. Addition: he
only added the hours together, but did so accurately.
Subtraction: The first one, he just wrote down the starting time.
For the second one, he added just the hours (accurately).
Post Assessment: This time, he drew 10:00 and 1:40 correctly,
but drew 7:40 as 7:35. Reading Clocks: he wrote correct times
for all of the clocks. Conversions: He converted one hour to 60
minutes, but for ½ an hour, reported 90 (or 40?). For two
minutes he reported 158, and for 1 minute her reporter 59 again.
On the hours and minutes to minutes, he wrote higher numbers,
though I can’t find a pattern for them. Elapsed time: He only did
the hours, but got the difference between the two hours correct
for each one (if those questions were am-am and pm-am), which
shows progress. Addition: He added 2 hours to 8:23 correctly.
 For the second question, he only added the minutes, but did so
accurately. Subtraction: He was able to get both of the
subtraction problems correct.

Pre: 15%, Post: 45% with a 200% increase (highest increase)

IIII was very honest and worked hard. He would participate and
express his confusion when he had any. He was great at
following directions, and was always respectful. When things
were explained at his pace and he was given enough practice
(like on day one), he was on the same page as the top
performers.

On the worksheet given at the end of Day One (AM/PM, how to

write time), he scored a 100%.
JJJJ Preassess: JJJJ drew every clock correctly, and read every
clock correctly. She got the 1hour to minutes conversion correct,
but put 90 minutes for ½ an hour. She got the rest of the
conversions correct. Elapsed time: She got 7:30 to 10:45
correct. For 2:30 to 11:20, she got 7 hours and 10 minutes. For
the 7:30am-11:30 pm, she had 4 hours, which would have been
right if it was am-am. On 8:00 am to 12:30 am, she put 4 hours
and 30 minutes, which would have been correct if it was pm-am.
Addition: she added 2 hours to 8:23 accurately. On 2:26+ 3
hours and 20 minutes, she got 5:20, which is the correct hour.
Subtraction: She accurately subtracted 2 from 8:20. For the
second one, she solved it the same way she did for the missed
addition problem (besides adding and not subtracting). She
dropped the minutes on the given time, and just kept the elapsed
time minutes (4:45-1 hour and 30 minutes= 5:30).
Post Assessment: She did everything exactly the same up until
missing the conversion of 2 hours and 23 minutes to minutes
(140). Elapsed time: For 7:30 to 10:45 she wrote 3:60, which I
have never seen her do before in class. For 2:30 to 11:20, she
wrote 1:05. On 7:30 am to 11:30 pm, she wrote 4:59. She again
wrote 4:30 for 8 am to 12:20 am. Addition and Subtraction: She
solved all four of the questions the same way she did in the
preassessment.

Pre: 70%, Post: 55% with 21% decrease (only decrease)

To me, this decrease could mean two things. She either cheated
on the preassessment, or she didn’t try as hard on the post
assessment. On the worksheet given at the end of Day One
(AM/PM, how to write time), she scored a 100%. The second
day (analog clocks), she was engaged in the activities and was
 getting the questions right consistently towards the end. The
third day she was extremely distracted and unwilling to
participate (elapsed time). The day of the post assessment she
was engaged and participating in all of the activities again. So, I
feel like the more likely answer is that she didn’t try as much on
the post-assessment, because of how she did on the
preassessment, and how she was performing in class.

KKKK Preassess: KKKK drew all of the clocks correctly, and read and
wrote all the times correctly. He skipped all of the conversions,
but doodled in them (so I know he didn’t look over them by
accident). Elapsed time: He got 7:30-10:45 correct. He was 10
minutes off from getting the offset minutes correct (2:30-
11:20=8:40). For the 7:30am-11:30 pm, he had 4 hours, which
would have been right if it was am-am. On 8:00 am to 12:30 am,
he put 4 hours and 30 minutes, which would have been correct if
it was pm-am. He got all of the addition and subtraction
questions correct.
Post-Assessment: Again, he drew all of the clocks right and read
all of the clocks right. This time, he got the hour conversions
right, and the minutes. For the hour and minute to minute, he got
the hour and 30 minutes correct, but skipped 2 hours and 23
minutes. Elapsed time: Again, he got the first one right, and only
got the hour right for the 2:30 to 11:20 question. He completed
the other questions the same. Addition: Again, he got both
correct. Subtraction: This time, he missed the last question
because he only subtracted the minutes (but did so correctly),
not the hour.

Pre: 55%, Post: 75% with a 36% increase

On the worksheet given at the end of Day One (AM/PM, how to
write time), he scored an 81%. KKKK generally knew the
concepts but wasn’t confident in his answers and would often
ask, “is this right?” He was a really helpful student that liked to
help explain concepts to his peers, and worked really hard.
When he wasn’t with FFFF, he wasn’t a distraction at all.