ELASTICITY

ELASTICITY
EXERCISE - 2

1. The length of an elastic string is a meter when the 6. A small but heavy block of mass 10 kg is attached to a wire
7 2
longitudinal tension is 4 N and b metre when the tension 0.3m long. Its breaking stress is 4.8 × 10 N/m . The area of
–6 2
is 5 N. The length of the string (in metre) when the cross section of the wire is 10 m . The maximum angular
longitudinal tension is 9 N is velocity with which the block can be rotated in the horizontal
circle is
(a) a – b (b) 5b – 4a
(c) 2b – a/2 (d) 4a – 3b (a) 4 rad/s (b) 8 rad/s

2. A uniform rod of mass m, length L, area of cross-section A (c) 10 rad/s (d) 32 rad/s
is rotated about an axis passing through one of its ends 7. Two bars A and B of circular cross section and same volume
and perpendicular to its length with constant angular and made of the same material are subjected to tension. If
velocity Z in a horizontal plane. If Y is the Young’s the diameter of A is half that B and if the force applied to
modulus of the material of rod, the increase in its length both the rod is the same and it is in the elastic limit, the ratio
due to rotation of rod is of extension of A to that of B will be
mZ2 L2 mZ2 L2 (a) 16 (b) 8
(a) (b)
AY 2AY (c) 4 (d) 2
5
mZ L
2 2
2mZ L 2 2
8. A substance breaks down under a stress of 10 Pa. If the
(c) (d) 3 3
3AY AY density of the wire is 2 × 10 kg/m , find the minimum length
3. A slightly conical wire of length L and end radii r1 and r2 is of the wire which will break under its own weight
2
stretched by two forces F, F applied parallel to length in (g = 10 m/s ).
opposite directions and normal to end faces. If Y denotes (a) 10 m (b) 2.5 m
the Young’s modulus, then extension produced is
(c) 4 m (d) 5 m
FL FL
(a) Sr 2 Y (b) Sr Y 9. A 5 kg rod of square cross section 5 cm on a side and 1 m
1 1 long is pulled along a smooth horizontal surface by a force
FL FLY applied at one end. The rod has a constant acceleration of
(c) Sr r Y (d) Sr r 2
1 2 1 2 2 m/s . Determine the elongation in the rod. (Young’s
9 2
4. A uniform rod of length L has a mass per unit length O and modulus of the material of the rod is 5 × 10 N/m )
area of cross section A. The elongation in the rod is A due (a) Zero, as for elongation to be there, equal and opposite
to its own weight if it is suspended from the ceiling of a force must act on the rod
room. The Young’s modulus of the rod is
(b) Non-zero but can’t be determine from the given situation
2OgL 2
OgL 2
(c) 0.4 Pm
(a) (b)
A 2AA
(d) 16 Pm
2OgL OgA2
(c) (d) 10. A solid sphere of radius R, made up of a material of bulk
A AL modulus k is surrounded by a liquid in a cylindrical container.
5. One end of uniform wire of length L and of weight W is A massless piston of area A floats on the surface of the
attached rigidly to a point in the roof and a weight W1 is liquid. When a mass M is placed on the piston to compress
suspended from its lower end. If s is the area of cross section the liquid, the fractional change in the radius of the sphere
of the wire, the stress in the wire at a height (31/4) from its is
lower end is
Mg Mg
W1 ª Wº (a) AK (b) 3AK
(a) s
(b) «¬ W1  4 »¼ s

3Mg Mg
ª 3W º W1  W (c) AK (d) 2AK
(c) «¬ W1  4 »¼ / s (d) s
 ELASTICITY

11. A bar of cross section A is subjected to two equal and 15. A heavy block of mass 150 kg hangs with the help of three
opposite tensile force as shown. Consider a cross section vertical wires of equal length and equal cross sectional area
BB as shown in figure. The shearing stress at this point is as shown in the figure.

Fcos 2 T F
(a) (b)

Wire is attached to the mid-point (centre of mass) of block.

Fsin 2T
(c) 2A
(d) zero Take Y2 = 2Y1. For this arrangement mark out the correct
statment(s).
Multiple Answer Questions
(a) The wire I and III should have same Young’s modulus.
12. A metal wire length L, cross section area A, and Young’s
(b) Tension in I and III would be always equal.
modulus Y is stretched by a variable force F. F is varying in
such a way that F is always slightly greater than the elastic (c) Tension in I and III would be different.
forces of resistance in the wire. When the elongation in the (d) Tension in II is 75 g.
wire is l, up to this instant 16. Two wires A and B have the same cross-section and are
YAA2
made of the same material, but the length of wire A is twice
(a) the work done by F is that of B. Then, for a given load
2L
(a) the extension of A will be twice that of B
YAA2
(b) the work done by F is (b) the extensions of A and B will be equal
L
(c) the strain in A will be half that in B
YAA2 (d) the strains in A and B will be equal
(c) the elasitc potential energy stored in wire is
2L
17. Figure shows the stress-strain graphs for materials A
(d) no energy is lost during elongation
and B.
13. A composite rod consists of a steel rod of length 25 cm and
area 2A and a copper rod of length 50 cm and area A. The
composite rod is subjected to an axial load F. If the Young’s
mouduli of steel and copper are in the ratio 2 : 1, then
(a) the extension produced in copper rod will be more
(b) the extension in copper and steel parts will be in the ratio
1:2
(c) the stress applied to copper rod will be more
(d) no extension will be produced in the steel rod
14. Choose the correct statements from the following :
(a) Steel is more elastic than rubber.
(b) The stretching of a coil spring is determined by the
Young’s modulus of the wire of the spring. From the graph it follows that
(c) The frequency of a tuning fork is determined by the (a) material A has a higher Young’s modulus
shear modulus of the material of the fork.
(b) material B is more ductile
(d) When a material is subjected to a tensile (stretching)
(c) material A is more brittle
stress the restoring forces are caused by interatomic
attraction. (d) material A can withstand a greater stress
 ELASTICITY

COMPREHENSION 21. The compressive stress in tube is

6 2 5 2
Passage - 1 (a) 5 × 10 N/m (b) 10 N/m
8 2 3 2
Using the following Passage, Solve Q. 18–19 (c) 10 N/m (d) 10 N/m
A light rod of length L = 2 m is suspended horizontally from 22. The tensile stress in bolt is
the ceiling by two wires A and B of equal lengths. The wire 4 2 7 2
A is made of steel with the area of cross section (a) 10 N/m (b) 10 N/m
8 2 10 2
–5 2
As = 1×10 m , while the wire B is made of brass of cross (c) 2 × 10 N/m (d) 10 N/m
–5 2
sectional area Ab = 2 × 10 m . A weight W is suspended at Passage - 3
a distance x from the wire A as shown in figure.
Using the following Passage, Solve Q. 23 to 25
Take, Young’s modulus of steel and brass as
11 –2 11 –2
According to Hooke’s law, within the elastic limit stress/
Ys = 2 × 10 Nm and Yb = 1 × 10 Nm .
strain = constant. This constant depends on the type of
strain or the type of force acting. Tensile stress might result
in compressional or elongative strain; however, a tangential
stess can only cause a shearing strain. After crossing the
elastic limit, the material undergoes elongation and beyond
a stage beaks. All modulus of elastically are basically
constants for the materials under stress.
18. Determine the value of x so that equal stresses are produced 23. Two wires of same material have length and radius (l, r) and
in each wire.
§ r·
(a) 1.33 m (b) 2.5 m ¨ 2A, ¸ . The ratio of their Young’s modulus is
© 2¹
(c) 3.6 m (d) 2.1 m
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 2 : 3
19. Determine the value of x so that equal strains are produced
in each wire. (c) 2 : 1 (d) 1 : 1

(a) 1 m (b) 2 m 24. Just on crossing the yield region, the material will have

(c) 3 m (d) 2.2 m (a) reduced stress

Passage - 2 (b) increased stress
Using the following Passage, Solve Q. 20 to 22 (c) breaking stress
–5 2
A steel bolt of cross sectional area Ab = 5 × 10 m is passed (d) constant stress
through a cylindrical tube made of aluminium. Cross
–4 2 stress
sectional area of the tube material is At = 10 m and its 25. If strain be x in elastic region and y in the region of yield,
length is l = 50 cm. The bolt is just taut so that there is no
stress in the bolt. And temperature of the assembly is then
increaseds through 'T = 10° C. Given, coefficient of linear (a) x = y (b) x > y
–5
thermal expansion of steel, Db = 10 /°C.
(c) x < y (d) x = 2y
Assertion Reason
(A) If both ASSERTION and REASON are true and
11 2
reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
Young’s modulus of steel Yb = 2 × 10 N/m .
11 2
(B) If both ASSERTION and REASON are true but reason
Young’s modulus of Al, Yt = 10 N/m , coefficient of linear is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
–5
thermal expansion of Al Dt = 2 × 10 /°C.
(C) If ASSERTION is true but REASON is false.
20. The compressive strain in tube is
–4 –5 (D) If both ASSERTION and REASON are false.
(a) 10 (b) 5 × 10
–3 –6 (E) If ASSERTION is false but REASON is true.
(c) 2 × 10 (d) .10
 ELASTICITY

26. Assertion : The stress–strain graphs are shown in the Match the Column
figure for two materials A and B are shown in figure. Young’s 28. In the Column I type of stresses or strains are mentioned
modulus of A is greater than that of B. and some effect of these stresses within the body are
mentioned in Column II. Match the entries of Column-I
with the entries of Column-II.
Column-I Column-II
(A) Compressive stress (P) Intermolecular separation in
stresssed state is greater
than equilibrium separation.
(B) Tensile stress (Q) Intermolecular separation in
Reason : The Young’s modules for small strain is,
stressed state is less than
stress
Y slope of linear portion, of graph; and slope equilibrium separation.
strain
(C) Longitudinal stress (R) Internal developed forces
of A is more than slope that of B.
are attractive in nature.
(a) A (b) B (c) C
(D) Lateral strain (S) Internal developed forces
(d) D (e) (E) are repulsive in nature
27. Assertion : Young’s modulus for a perfectly plastic body Integer Type Questions
is zero.
29. A block of mass m produces an extension of 9 cm in an
Reason : For a perfectly plastic body, restoring force is elastic spring of length 60 cm when it is hung by it, and the
zero. system is in equilibrium. The spring is cut in two parts of 40
cm and 20 cm lenghts. The same block hangs in equilibrium
(a) A (b) B (c) C with the help of these two parts. Find the extension (in cm)
(d) D (e) (E) in this case.
ELASTICITY

ANSWER KEY

Advanced Objective Questions

1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. (a) 7. (a) 8. (d)
9. (c) 10. (b) 11. (c) 12. (a, c, d) 13. (a, b, c) 14. (a, d) 15. (a, b, d) 16. (a, d)

17. (a, d) 18. (a) 19. (a) 20. (b) 21. (a) 22. (b) 23. (d) 24. (a, c)
25. (b) 26. (a) 27. (a) 28. (A o Q, S); (B o P, R); (C o P, Q, R, S); (D o P, Q, R, S) 29. (0002)

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