Jade Kristine T.

Cale SciEd5 Fluid Mech 4:00-5:00

1. A hydraulic system, a piston has a cross-sectional area of 20 square

centimeters pushes on an incompressible liquid with a force of 30 newtons.
The other end of the hydraulic pipe connects to the second piston with a cross-
sectional surface area of 100 square centimeters. Calculate the force on the
second piston.
Solution:
𝐹1 𝐹2
Pascal’s principle is given by, =
𝐴1 𝐴2

We know that,
 F1 = 30 newtons,
 A1 = 20 square centimeters
 A2 = 100 square centimeters
Insert the given values to calculate the force on the second piston:
F2 = A2 x F1/A1
= 100 x 30 / 20
= 150 N
2. A piston has a cross-sectional area of 40 square centimeters in a hydraulic
system and pushes an incompressible liquid with a force of 50 newtons. The
other end of the hydraulic pipe is connected to a second piston with a cross-
sectional surface area of 50 square centimeters. Determine the force on the
second piston.
Solution:
𝐹1 𝐹2
Pascal’s principle is given by, , =
𝐴1 𝐴2

We know that,
 F1 = 50 newtons,
 A1 = 40 square centimeters
 A2 = 50 square centimeters
Insert the given values to calculate the force on the second piston:
F2 = A2 x F1/A1
= 50 x 50 / 40
3. A barber raises his customer’s chair by applying a force of 150N to a hydraulic
piston of area 0.01 m2. If the chair is attached to a piston of area 0.1 m2, how
massive a customer can the chair raise? Assume the chair itself has a mass of
5 kg.

Answer: To solve this problem, first determine the force applied to the larger
piston.

If the maximum force on the chair is 1500N, you can now determine the maximum
mass which can be lifted by recognizing that the force that must be overcome to
lift the customer is the force of gravity, therefore the applied force on the customer
must equal the force of gravity on the customer.

If the chair has a mass of 5 kilograms, the maximum mass of a customer in the
chair must be 148 kg.

4. A hydraulic system is used to lift a 2000-kg vehicle in an auto garage. If the

vehicle sits on a piston of area 0.5 square meter, and a force is applied to a
piston of area 0.03 square meters, what is the minimum force that must be
applied to lift the vehicle?

Answer:

Reference: http://byjus.com/pascals-principle-formula
https://www.aplusphysics.com/courses/honors/fluids