Professional Documents
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Ethics PDF
Ethics PDF
• Accidentally
• Recklessly
• potential effects
• origin
• intent
Principle of Lawfulness
Duty to know:
• Legislative laws
• People (citizens)
• Political superiors
• THEMSELVES AS PROFESSIONALS
Basic duties from ethical perspective
ROMAN STOICS
• Renaissance and
Enlightenment solidified
the fusion of moral virtue
with civic responsibility,
articulating a civic
philosophy of good
character
The growth
• Caring
• Citizenship
Excellence in Moral Character
• Utility is subjective
Central Ideas
• Proposes that an action is morally right when it leads to something
people prefer, whereas an action is considered morally wrong
when it leads to something people do not prefer.
• whether a certain action is right or wrong does not depend on
• What is happiness?
Virtue
Duty
Conseq PRINCIPLE
uences
HUMAN ACTIONS
Introduction
• Voluntariness
• Freely done
Impediments to Human Action
IGNORANCE
• Ignorance of law
• Ignorance of fact (how law operates in a given
context)
• Invincible ignorance
• Vincible ignorance (that can be overcome by use of
common sense)
Impediments to Human Action
Passion
Fear
• Grave fear
• Light fear
Habit
Pathological states
Morality of Human Actions
What is morality?
• Epicureans: Pleasure
• Stoics: Cultivation of the mind or control over
knowledge
• Materialism: acquiring material goods
• Humanism: achieving prosperity & progress
for human race
Determinants of Morality in Human
Action
End or purpose of Human Action
• An action that is INDIFFERENT because of its object may
become good or bad
• An action that is GOOD because of its object may become
more good or less good or even bad because of the
purpose
• An action that is EVIL by its object may become more
wrong or perhaps less wrong
Determinants of Morality in Human
Action
NEGLECTED:
• Emotion plays only an insignificant &
negligible role in the real process of people’s
decision making
• Emotions are a disruptive force undermining
optimal decision making
Impact of Emotion in Decision Making
IMPLIES
• Systematic understanding of emotions and
feelings on one hand & rational intelligence on
the other
• Specific abilities of stake holders to understand
feelings and emotions in their immediate work
environment
Emotional Public Administration