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Cutter Suction Dredger
Cutter Suction Dredger
Cutter Suction Dredger
Contents
Intro Cutter Suction Dredge
• Intro
• General lay‐out
Prof. Dr. Ir. C. (Cees) van Rhee • Working Method
D dgi g Engineering
Dredging E gi i g • Cutter head
Delft University of Technology • Intro Cutting Theory (Sand and Rock)
• Mixing in cutter – spillage
• Operational Limits
18 May 2016 2
Components
Cutter SSuction D
Cutter uction Dredger
redgerss
Small < 250 kW
• Pontoon
• Ladder
– Cutter head + drive system
– Suction line
S i li
– Support system + winch
• Spuds
• Pumps + discharge system
• Side wires + winches
Large > 2500 kW 18 May 2016 4
Medium, 1500 kW
1
18/05/2016
Pump + suction line
working spud
control room
Spud system Ladder
cutterhead
Side
wires
main engine + pump room anchor wire
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Working principle
CSD Work Method (1)
Swing to starboard
• Cutter disintegrates or dislodges the material
mechanically by rotating cutter head
• Swinging around working spud
Swinging around working spud
• Progress by successive steps
• Material sucked up and transported through
pipeline by use of centrifugal dredge pumps
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2
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Stop at starboard, push
dredger forward
Start swing to portside
3
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Start swing to
starboard
Stop in centre line
Auxiliairy spud is lowered
Main spud is hoisted up
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The spud‐carrier with the
hoisted main spud is moved
forward
Main spud is lowered
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Ds Ds
Continuation of starboard swing
Under cutting mode Over cutting mode
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Barge loading
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Cutter Head
• General
• Teeth systems
• Cutting process
• Mixing process
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• Movie punttand
pen
borg
houder mes
houder vollas
snijtand
beiteltand
'serrated' mes
houder enkel
glad mes
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Vosta
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Ellicott wheel
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Flow Type
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Forces on the blade
F=G tan(phi)
phi = friction angle
T
S
G tan(phi)
G
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Dilatancy
•Dilatancy explained
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Negative pore pressure
(under pressure)
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Forces on layer – effect of dilatancy
T=S’ tan(phi) Coulomb
S’=S‐u
u::v h/k
S’ : effective stress
S : Total Stress
u : Pore water pressure u pore pressure
h i d h
h cutting depth
S 0 : S’=‐u v cutting velocity
Pore water pressure is negative k permeability
Increase in effective stress
Increase in Shear stress
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– Lower permeability (finer sand)
– Increase cutting depth & velocity
– Increase water depth
Increase water depth
Ds Ds
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Chip
Tensile crack
Shear crack
Tool Shear
h zone
Shear plane
Plastic deformation
Crushed zone Brittle-ductile transition
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B r ittle
60
D u c tile
40
20
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
T im e
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Spillage Spillage
Low cutter
Rev.
High cutter
Rev.
spill
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The productivity c.q. spillage depends on the ratio:
•The productivity c.q. spillage depends on the ratio:
Q pump
•For sand the productivity is: Pr 2.5
Rcutter
3
•For rock the productivity is much lower
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• Stationary dredger (vulnerable for shipping) Available power on cutter
Side winches (max. power and velocity)
• Some are self‐propelled for mobilisation
Thickness and width of the layer to be dredged
• Max. dredging depth 30 m
Dredging depth (ladder angle, spuds, vacuum limit)
Pumping distance (pump‐ and pump drive characteristics)
Shipping
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Next Webinar :
??? Intro Trailing Suction Hopper Dredge
• September 14 2016
• 14:00 – 15:00 CEST
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