GNANAMANI COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY, NAMAKKAL – 637003

DEPARTMENT OF ECE

SUBJECT NAME: SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

PREPARED BY

M.KARTHIK, AP/ECE

QUESTION BANK

PART – A

UNIT - I
𝑛 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑛 ≥ 0
1. Represent the signal r(n) = {
0 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑛 < 0
2. What is the fundamental period of x(t) = Sint?
3. What are the different types of representation of Discrete – time signals?
4. Find the Summation x(n) = ∑+∞
𝑛=−∞ 𝛿(𝑛 − 1)𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑛

5. Give the Waveform and mathematical representation of Unit Delta function.

6. Write the properties of Unit Impulse function.
7. Write the relation among Unit Step, Unit Ramp and Unit Impulse function.
8. If x(n) = { 0, 2, -1, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, -1}. What is x(n – 3)?
↑
9. Sketch the signal 2𝛿(𝑡 + 1) + 3𝛿(𝑡) − 3𝛿(𝑡 − 2).
10. Sketch the signal u(n + 5) – u(n – 5).
11. Show that the complex exponential signal 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 𝑗𝜔0 𝑡 is periodic and that fundamental
2𝜋
period is 𝜔
0

12. Distinguish between Deterministic and Random signal.

13. Check whether the following system is Static or Dynamic and also Causal or Non-causal:
y(n) = x(2n)
14. Check whether y(n) = nx(n) is stable or not?
15. Check whether the discrete time signal Sin3n is periodic or not.
16. When is a system said to be memoryless? Give examples.
17. Determine whether the signal 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 𝑢(𝑡) is Energy or Power signal and calculate
its energy or power.
18. Is diode a Linear device? Give your Reason.
 UNIT - II

1. State Dirichlet’s conditions of fourier series.

2. Find the fourier series coefficients for the signal 𝑥(𝑡) = sin𝜔0 𝑡.
3. Write the Analysis and Synthesis equation of Fourier series.
4. Draw the SinC pulse.
5. Write the expression for Trigonometric fourier series.
6. Write the expression for Complex exponential fourier series.
7. Write Fourier transform pair.
8. Write the condition for existence of fourier transform.
9. Find X(S) and X(𝜔) if x(t) = 𝛿(𝑡).
10. State and prove Time scaling property of Fourier transform.
11. Write Laplace transform pair.
12. Find the Laplace transform of 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑡𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 𝑢(𝑡).
13. Find the Laplace transform of 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑢(𝑡).
14. Define the region of convergence(ROC) of the Laplace transform.
𝑠
15. Find the Inverse Laplace transform of X(S)=
𝑠+1
16. Write the relation between Fourier Series and Fourier Transform.
17. Write the relation between Fourier transform and Laplace transform.
18. State Initial and Final value Theorem of Laplace Transform.
19. Determine the Initial and final values for the following function.
𝑠+2
X(S)=
𝑠 2 +5𝑠+6

UNIT - III
1. Define System Function.
2. Define Frequency response.
3. What is meant by Impulse Response?
4. Write the relation among Transfer function, Frequency Response and Impulse
Response.
5. Check Causality and Stability of CT – LTI System.
6. What is the relation between i/p and o/p of a CT-LTI system?
7. The impulse response of the CT LTI system is given by ℎ(𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝑡 𝑢(𝑡). Check whether
the system is Causal and Stable.
8. What is the Overall impulse response, if two LTI systems are connected in Series and
Parallel?
9. Plot the Pole zero diagram for the transfer function
𝑠+2
X(S)=
𝑠 2 +2𝑠+2
10. Define Convolution Integral.
11. Write the Steps to compute Convolution Integral.
12. Determine the frequency response of an Integrator.

UNIT - IV
1. State Sampling theorem.
2. Determine the Nyquist rate of sampling to avoid aliasing for the signal.
𝑥(𝑡) = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛(200𝜋𝑡) + 4𝑐𝑜𝑠(400𝜋𝑡) +6𝑠𝑖𝑛(800𝜋𝑡)
3. What is Aliasing? How it can be avoided?
4. Define DTFT pair.
5. Define Z – transform pair. Mention its types.
6. Write the relation between DTFT and Z- transform.
7. State Initial and Final value theorem of Z-transform.
8. Define ROC of Z-transform.
9. Mention any 4 properties of ROC of Z-transform.
10. What is an Anti – aliasing filter?
11. What are the methods used to find Inverse Z transform?
12. Obtain the Z-transform of x(n) = { 1,2,3,4}.
↑
1
13. Find the Initial and Final values of X(Z)=
1 + 2𝑍 −1 − 3𝑍 −2
1
𝑧+2
14. Find the Inverse Z-transform of X(Z) = 1
𝑧−2

UNIT – V

1. What is the condition for Causality and Stability of a DT – LTI system?

2. What is the relation between i/p and o/p of a DT – LTI system?
3. Determine the range of values of the parameter ‘a’ for which the LTI system with
impulse response ℎ(𝑛) = 𝑎𝑛 𝑢(𝑛) is stable.
4. Is the discrete time system described by the differential equation y(n) = x(n) causal.
5. Distinguish between Recursive and Non-recursive system.
6. Determine the differential equation of a discrete time LTI system represented by
1−2 𝑒 −𝑗𝜔
𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝜔 ) =
1+3𝑒 −𝑗𝜔+ 7𝑒 −𝑗3𝜔+ 5𝑒 −𝑗2𝜔
7. List the steps to compute Convolution sum.
8. Interms of ROC, state the condition for an LTI Discrete time system to be causal and
stable.
9. Write the relation between DFT and Z – transform.
10. Obtain the Linear convolution of the sequence x(n) = { 1, 2, 3, 4 } and
h(n) = { 2, 1, 3, 5, 3, 1 }. ↑
↑

PART – B

UNIT - I
1. Explain in detail about the elementary Continuous time and Discrete time signals(OR)
List and Explain the different standard signals used in System analysis.
2. How are the signals classified? Explain (OR)
Distinguish between the following.
i) CT & DT signals.
ii) Deterministic & Random signals.
iii) Energy & Power signals.
iv) Periodic & Aperiodic signals.
3. Check whether the following signals are periodic or not and hence find its fundamental
period.
i) 𝑥(𝑡) = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛(20𝜋𝑡) + 4𝑐𝑜𝑠(100𝜋𝑡)
𝑛𝜋
ii) 𝑥(𝑛) = 𝑒 𝑗( 3 )
𝑛𝜋 𝑛𝜋 𝑛𝜋 𝜋
iii) 𝑥(𝑛) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠( 3 ) − 𝑠𝑖𝑛( 8 ) + 3𝑐𝑜𝑠( 4 + 3 )
iv) 𝑥(𝑡) = sin 𝑡
4. Check whether the following signals are Energy or Power signals and hence find its
Energy or Power.
i) 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −2𝑡 𝑢(𝑡)
ii) 𝑥(𝑛) = 𝑎𝑛 𝑢(𝑛)
𝑛𝜋
iii) 𝑥(𝑛) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛( 4 )
𝜋 𝜋
iv) 𝑥(𝑛) = 𝑒 𝑗( 2 𝑛 + 8 )
5. Check whether the following systems are 1) Static 2) Linear 3)Time Invariant
4) Causal 5) Stable
𝑑𝑦(𝑡)
i) 𝑦(𝑛) = sin[𝑥(𝑛)] ii) + 10𝑦(𝑡) = 𝑥(𝑡) iii) y(n) = x(n) – x(n-1)
𝑑𝑡

6. Derive the relation between Unit step & Unit ramp function.
7. Determine whether the following signal is periodic. If periodic, Determine the
Fundamental period x(t) = sin(2t) + sin (t/5) and x(n) = cos (0.1𝜋𝑛)
8. Derive the relation between Unit step & Unit Delta function.
9. A CT signal x(t) is shown in the following figure. Sketch and label carefully each of the
following signals.
x(t) i) x(-t)
ii) x(t + 1)
1 iii) x(t – 2)
iv) x(2t)
𝑡
v) x( )
3
2𝑡
0 1 2 t vi) x(1– t) vii) 4x( )
3

UNIT - II
1. Obtain the Trigonometric fourier series for the half wave rectified sine wave is given
below. x(t)

t
0 𝜋 2𝜋 3𝜋
2. Obtain the Trigonometric fourier series for the Full wave rectifier.
X(t)

t
0 𝜋 2𝜋 3𝜋
3. Find the Fourier transform of 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 𝑢(𝑡) and hence plot its Spectrum diagrams..

4. Find the Fourier transform of 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝑎│𝑡│ . Plot its spectrum diagrams.
5. Find the Laplace transform of 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 𝑢(𝑡)and mention its ROC.
6. Find the Fourier transform of 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜔0 𝑡. 𝑢(𝑡)

7. Find the Laplace transform of 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝑎│𝑡│ and Mention its ROC.
8. State and prove Parseval’s power theorem.
9. Obtain the Trigonometric fourier series for the signal is given below.
f(t)

t
-2𝜋 -𝜋 0 𝜋 2𝜋

10. State and prove Parseval’s Energy theorem.

11. Determine the fourier series coefficients and hence find its respective Phase and
Magnitude spectrum for the following signal.
𝜋
𝑥(𝑡) = 1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜔0 𝑡 + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜔0 𝑡 + cos( 2𝜔0 𝑡 + )
4

12. Find the exponential fourier series for the given signal.
f(t)

1
t
0 2𝜋 4𝜋

13. Obtain the fourier transform of rectangular pulse of duration T and amplitude ‘A’ as
shown in fig.
X(t)

𝑇 𝑇
−2 0 2
t
14. Determine the fourier transform of the following periodic signal.
X(t)

. . . . . . . .

-3T -2T -T 0 T 2T 3T t

1
15. Find the Inverse Laplace transform of X(S) = for all possible
(𝑠 +1)(𝑠 +2)
combinations of ROC.

16. For the signal x(t) = 𝑡 2 . Find the Trigonometric Fourier series over the interval (-1,1).

17. Obtain the Fourier Series coefficients for the following function.

1, |𝑡| < 𝑇1
X(t) = { 𝑇
0, 𝑇1 < |𝑡| < 2

UNIT - III
1. The i/p – o/p of a causal LTI system are related by the differential equation
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
+ 3𝑑𝑡 + 2𝑦(𝑡) = 𝑥(𝑡). Determine
𝑑𝑡 2

i) System Function
ii) Impulse Response
iii) Frequency response and hence draw its Magnitude and Phase spectrum.
2. Explain the steps to compute the Convolution integral.

3. State and prove the properties of Convolution integral.

4. Find the convolution of the following signals.

𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −2𝑡 𝑢(𝑡) and ℎ(𝑡) = 𝑢(𝑡 + 2)

5. Determine the frequency response of the following systems.

i) System with delay of ‘T’ seconds.

ii) Differentiator
iii) Integrator
6. Explain how the Laplace transform is used in Electrical networks.
𝑑𝑦(𝑡)
7. Consider a Continuous LTI system described by + 2𝑦(𝑡) = 𝑥(𝑡). Using fourier
𝑑𝑡

transform, find the output y(t) if 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝑡 𝑢(𝑡).

8. Determine the response of CT- LTI system whose impulse response is given by
ℎ(𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝛽𝑡 𝑢(𝑡) for the input 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝛼𝑡 𝑢(𝑡) using graphical convolution.
9. What is impulse response? Show that the response of an LTI system is convolution
integral of its impulse response with input signal (OR) Derive an Expression for
Convolution Integral.
10. Determine the response of CT- LTI system whose impulse response is given by
ℎ(𝑡) = 𝑢(𝑡) for the input 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 𝑢(𝑡) using graphical convolution.
11. Determine the overall impulse response of the system is given below.

ℎ1 (𝑡) ℎ3 (𝑡)
Y(t)
X(t)

ℎ2 (𝑡)

Where ℎ1 (𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝑡 𝑢(𝑡), ℎ2 (𝑡) = 𝑒 −2𝑡 𝑢(𝑡) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ℎ3 (𝑡) = 𝑒 −3𝑡 𝑢(𝑡)

12. The i/p – o/p of a causal LTI system are related by the differential equation
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
+ 5𝑑𝑡 + 6𝑦(𝑡) = 𝑥(𝑡). Determine
𝑑𝑡 2
i) Impulse response
ii) Frequency response
iii) Find the response y(t), if x(t) = u(t)
iv) Magnitude and Phase response.
13. Find the impulse response & Unit step response of the circuit is given in fig. Assume
all initial conditions are zero.
R
+ +

x(t) i(t) L y(t)

− −
−𝑏𝑡
14. An LTI System defined by ℎ(𝑡) = 𝑒 𝑢(𝑡). Determine the response of the system

for the i/p 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 𝑢(𝑡) using Fourier transform.

1
15. Find the output y(t) of the system H(S) = 𝑆+2 for the input 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −3𝑡 𝑢(𝑡).
16. The output y(t) of a continuous time LTI system is found to be 2𝑒 −3𝑡 𝑢(𝑡) when the
input x(t) is u(t). Determine the impulse response h(t) of the system.
 UNIT - IV
1. State and prove sampling theorem for low pass band limited signal and explain the
process of reconstruction of the signal from its samples.
2. State and prove any 4 properties of DTFT.
3. Consider the analog signal 𝑥(𝑡) = 6𝑐𝑜𝑠(2000𝜋𝑡) + 10𝑐𝑜𝑠(4000𝜋𝑡) +3𝑐𝑜𝑠(12000𝜋𝑡)
Determine
i) Minimum rate of sampling
ii) The discrete time signal x(n), if the signal x(t) is sampled at 5000 samples / sec.
iii) Reconstruct the original signal, If the analog signal is sampled at fs = 5000
samples / sec.
4. Find the DTFT of 𝑥(𝑛) = 𝑎𝑛 𝑢(𝑛) and hence draw its respective Magnitude and
Phase spectrum.
5. Find the DTFT of 𝑥(𝑛) = 𝑎│𝑛│ if │𝑎│ < 1.
6. Derive the relation between Z- transform and DTFT.
7. Find the Z- transform of the following.
i) 𝑥(𝑛) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜔𝑛 𝑢(𝑛)
ii) 𝑥(𝑛) = 𝛿 (𝑛)
iii) x(n) = { 1, 2, 0, -4, 3, 2, 1, 6, 5 }
↑
iv) x(n) = u(n) – u(n – 3)
8. Determine the Z- transform of the signal 𝑥(𝑛) = 𝑎𝑛 𝑢(𝑛) − 𝑏 𝑛 𝑢(𝑛) if b > a and plot
its ROC.
9. Determine the Inverse Z- transform of the following expression using Partial fraction
expansion method.
1 1
𝑋(𝑍) = 1 1 ROC : │Z│ > 3
(1− 𝑧 −1 )( 1− 𝑧 −1 )
3 6

10. Define ROC of Z-transform and Mention its properties.

11. Find the Z-transform of 𝑥(𝑛) = 𝑎𝑛 𝑢(𝑛) and mention its ROC.

12. Find the Z-transform of 𝑥(𝑛) = 𝑎│𝑛│ and Mention its ROC.
13. State and Prove any 4 properties of Z-transform.
14. Find the Inverse Z-transform of the following.
𝑍2
i) X(Z)= 3 1
𝑍 2 + 𝑍+
4 8
`1 −1 `1 −1
1− 𝑍 1− 𝑍
2 2
ii) X(Z)= `3 −1 `1 −2 iii) X(Z)= `1 −2
1+ 𝑍 + 𝑍 1− 𝑍
4 8 4
 UNIT - V
1. State and prove the properties of Convolution sum.
2. Analyze and discuss the role of Z – transform in Recursive and Non – recursive
systems.
3. Determine the response of the LTI system for the i/p x(n) = {1,2,3,4} and
h(n) = {2,1,3,5,3,1}
4. For the DT – LTI system is given below,
3 1
𝑦(𝑛) − 4 𝑦(𝑛 − 1) + 8 𝑦(𝑛 − 2) = 𝑥(𝑛).

Determine
i) System function
ii) Impulse response
1
iii) Response for the input, 𝑥(𝑛) = (8)𝑛 𝑢(𝑛)
1
5. A LTI discrete time system 𝑦(𝑛) − 2 𝑦(𝑛 − 1) = 𝑥(𝑛) is given

i) Find y(n) if x(n) = u(n)

1
ii) Find y(n) if 𝑥(𝑛) = (4)𝑛 𝑢(𝑛)

iii) Frequency response

iv) Phase & Magnitude response.
1 1
6. Two LTI systems with impulse responses ℎ1 (𝑛) = (2)𝑛 𝑢(𝑛) and ℎ2 (𝑛) = (4)𝑛 𝑢(𝑛)

are connected in Cascade. Determine the overall impulse response.

7. A difference equation of the system is given below.
Y(n) = 0.5 y(n-1) + x(n). Determine i) System Function ii) Pole – Zero plot of the
system function iii) Unit Sample response of the system.
8. Consider the LTI system with impulse response h(n) = 𝛼 𝑛 𝑢(𝑛) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥(𝑛) = 𝛽 𝑛 𝑢(𝑛).
Find the response of the LTI system.
9. Compute the convolution of the two input sequences given and plot its output.
x(n) h(n)

2 2
1 1

-2 -1 0 n 0 1 2 3 n