CHAPTER 2: LINEAR LAW – CHALLENGE YOURSELF

𝑦
1. 𝑥 and 𝑦 are related by the equation 𝑦 = 𝑝𝑥 2 + 𝑞𝑥, where 2. The diagram shows a straight-line graph of against 𝑥.
𝑥
𝑝 and 𝑞 are constants. A straight line is obtained by
𝑦
plotting against 𝑥, as shown in the diagram.
𝑥

Given that 𝑦 = 6𝑥 − 𝑥 2 , calculate the value of 𝑘 and of ℎ

Find the value of 𝑝 and of 𝑞.

3. The variables 𝑐 and 𝑦 are related by the equation 4. The diagram 𝐴 shows the curve 𝑦 = −3𝑥 2 + 5. The
𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥 4 , where 𝑘 is a constant. The diagram below diagram 𝐵 shows the straight-line graph obtained when
shows the straight-line graph obtained by plotting 𝑦 = −3𝑥 2 + 5 is expressed in the linear form
log10 𝑦 against log10 𝑥. 𝑌 = 5𝑋 + 𝑐.
Find the value of
(a) log10 𝑘
(b) ℎ

Express 𝑋 and 𝑌 in terms of 𝑥 and/ or 𝑦.

5. The variables 𝑥 and 𝑦 are related by the equation 6. It is known that 𝑥 and 𝑦 are related by the equation
𝑦 2 = 2𝑥(10 − 𝑥). A straight-line graph is obtained by 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 𝑛 , where 𝑎 and 𝑛 are constants. When a graph of
plotting
𝑦2
against 𝑥, as shown in the diagram. log 2 𝑦 against log 2 𝑥 is plotted, a straight line passing
𝑥 through the points (1,5) and (3,11) is obtained. Find the
values of 𝑎 and 𝑛.

Find the value of 𝑝 and of 𝑞.

 CHAPTER 2: LINEAR LAW – CHALLENGE YOURSELF

7. It is known that 𝑥 and 𝑦 are related by the equation 8. The diagram shows part of the graph of 𝑦 against 𝑥. It is
𝑦 𝑏 known that 𝑥 and 𝑦 are related by the equation
𝑥 2 = 𝑎𝑥 + , where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are constants. When a graph
𝑥 𝑏𝑥
𝑦
of against 𝑥 2 is plotted, a straight line is obtained. 𝑦= , where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are constants.
𝑥+𝑎𝑏
𝑥 1 1
Given that the line passes through the point (4,6) and (a) Sketch the graph of straight line of against
𝑦 𝑥
1
the gradient of the line is . Find the values of 𝑎 and 𝑏. (b) Calculate the values of 𝑎 and 𝑏.
2

9.
𝑚 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08
𝑓 20 14 10 8 7
It is known that the rate of oscillation, 𝑓 oscillations per seconds, and the mass of the weights, 𝑚 kg, are related by the
1
equation 𝑓 2 = , where 𝑘 is a constant.
𝑘𝑚
1
(a) Draw the graph of 𝑓 2 against .
𝑚
(b) From your graph, find
(i) The rate of oscillations for a weight of mass 0.05 kg (to the nearest whole number)
(ii) The mass of weight which made 15 oscillations per second. Give your answer to the nearest gram.
(iii) The value of 𝑘.
1
(c) When the spring is replaced by another spring, the relation between 𝑓 and 𝑚 becomes 𝑓 2 = . Draw the graph
2𝑚
formed on the same axes.
10. The variables 𝑥 and 𝑦 are related by the equation 11.
2(𝑦 + 1)2 = 𝑘𝑥 + 𝑡, where 𝑘 and 𝑡 are constants.
(a) If the graph of (𝑦 + 1)2 against 𝑥 is plotted, a
straight line is obtained. Given that the line passes
through the points (0,10) and (−5,0), find the
values of 𝑘and 𝑡.
(b) Hence, find the gradient and the intercept on the 𝑌-
axis of the straight line obtained by plotting the
graph of 𝑦 2 against (𝑥 − 𝑦).
𝑥 1 2 4 6 8 10 12
𝑦 7 16 24 24 16 0 −24
The diagram shows the path of a stone thrown from the
point 𝐴 of the cliff. Point 𝐵 shows the maximum height
attained by the stone. The height of the stone, 𝑦 m, at a
horizontal distance, 𝑥 m, is recorded from time to time
as shown in the table. Given that the height, 𝑦 m and the
horizontal distance, 𝑥 m, are related by the equation 𝑦 =
𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥, where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are constant. One of the values
12.
of 𝑦 in the table above is wrongly recorded.
𝑥 0 100 400 900 1600 2500 𝑦
(a) Draw the straight-line graph of against 𝑥 for the
𝑦 20 30 40 50 60 70 𝑥
The table shows the experiment results of two related above data.
variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦. It is expected that 𝑥 and 𝑦 are related (b) Hence use your graph to find
by the equation 4𝑘 2 𝑥 = (𝑦 − 𝑐)2 , where 𝑘 and 𝑐 are (i) The value of 𝑦 which is wrongly recorded
constants. and state the correct value
(ii) The values of 𝑎 and 𝑏
(a) Draw the graph of 𝑦 against √𝑥.
(iii) The horizontal distance, 𝑥, of the point 𝐶
(b) From your graph, find
(iv) The height of point 𝐵
(i) The values of 𝑘 and 𝑐
(ii) The value of 𝑥 when 𝑦 = 55
(iii) The value of 𝑦 when 𝑥 = 500
 CHAPTER 2: LINEAR LAW – CHALLENGE YOURSELF

13. Table shows the values of two variables 𝑥 and 𝑦 obtained from an experiment. The variables 𝑥 and 𝑦 are related by the
𝑟
equation 𝑦 = 𝑝𝑥 + , where 𝑝 and 𝑟 are constants.
𝑝𝑥
𝑥 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.5
𝑦 5.5 4.7 5.0 6.5 7.7 8.4
(a) Plot 𝑥𝑦 against 𝑥 2 , by using a scale of 2 cm to 5 units on both axes. Draw the line of best fit.

(b) Use the graph from (a) to find the value of

(i) 𝑝
(ii) 𝑟

14. The table below shows the values of two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, obtained from an experiment. Variables 𝑥 and 𝑦 are related by
the equation 𝑦 = 𝑝𝑘 𝑥+1 , where 𝑝 and 𝑘 are constants.
𝑥 1 2 3 4 5 6
𝑦 4.0 5.7 8.7 13.2 20.0 28.8
(a) Plot log 𝑦 against (𝑥 + 1), using a scale of 2 cm to 1 unit on the (𝑥 + 1)-axis and 2 cm to 0.2 unit on the log 𝑦-axis.
Hence, draw the line of best fit.

(b) Use your graph from (a) to find the value of

(i) 𝑝
(ii) 𝑘

15. The table below shows the values of two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, obtained from an experiment. Variables 𝑥 and 𝑦 are related by
𝑝
the equation 𝑦 = 2𝑘𝑥 2 + 𝑥, where 𝑝 and 𝑘 are constants.
𝑘
𝑥 2 3 4 5 6 7
𝑦 8 13.2 20 27.5 36.6 45.5
𝑦
(a) Plot against 𝑥, using a scale of 2 cm to 1 unit on both axes. Hence, draw a line of best fit.
𝑥

(b) Use your graph from (a) to find the value of

(i) 𝑝
(ii) 𝑘
(iii) 𝑦 when 𝑥 = 1.2

16. The table below shows the values of two variables, 𝑥 and 𝑦, obtained from an experiment. Variables 𝑥 and 𝑦 are related by
the equation 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑏 𝑥−1 , where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are constants.
𝑥 3 4 5 6 8
𝑦 12.1 6.46 3.47 1.89 0.52
(a) Plot log 𝑦 against (𝑥 − 1), using a scale of 2 cm to 1 unit on the (𝑥 − 1)-axis and 2 cm to 0.2 unit on the log 𝑦-axis.
Hence, draw the line of best fit.

(b) Use your graph from (a) to find the value of

(i) 𝑦 when 𝑥 = 7
(ii) 𝑎
(iii) 𝑏
 CHAPTER 2: LINEAR LAW – CHALLENGE YOURSELF
Answers:

1. 𝑝 = −2 , 𝑞 = 13
2. 𝑘 = 4 ,ℎ = 3
3. (a) 3 (b) 11
1 𝑦
4. 𝑋 = 2 ,𝑌 = 2
𝑥 𝑥
5. 𝑝 = 10 , 𝑞 = 14
6. 𝑎 = 4 ,𝑛 = 3
1
7. 𝑎 = ,𝑏 = 4
2
8. (b) 𝑎 = 2 , 𝑏 = 3
1
9. (b)(i) 9 (ii) 18 (iii) 𝑘 =
4
10. (a) 𝑘 = 4 , 𝑡 = 20 (b) 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 2 , 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 = 9
11. (b)(i) 𝑦 = 7 ; 𝑦 = 9 (ii) 𝑎 = −1 , 𝑏 = 10 (iii) 10 (iv) 25
1
12. (b)(i) 𝑘 = , 𝑐 = 20 (ii) 𝑥 = 1225 (iii) 𝑦 = 42.5
2
13. (b)(i) 𝑝 = 1.37 (ii) 𝑟 = 5.48
14. (b)(i) 𝑝 = 1.778 (ii) 1.483
15. (b)(i) 0.754 (ii) 𝑘 = 0.26 (iii) 𝑦 = 4.2
16. (b)(i) 𝑦 = 1 (ii) 𝑎 = 42.66 (iii) 𝑏 = 0.5337