A

PROJET REPORT

Submitted in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the

award of Under Graduate Degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

“AUTOMATIC PAPER PUNCHING MACHINE WITH CAM MACHANSM”

Submitted to
Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya,
BHOPAL (M.P.)

2019-2020

GuidedBy: Submitted By:

Mr.RahuljoshiAJAY SINGH RATHODE(0822ME161002)

MechanicalDepartment HIMANSHU RAJPUT(0822ME161033)

JAKARIYA SONIJA(0822ME161035)

Department of Mechanical Engineering

1.1 SWAMI VIVEKANAND COLLEGE OF

ENGINEERING INDORE (M.P.)
(Affiliated To Rajiv Gandhi Technical University, Bhopal, M.P.)
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that “AJAY SINGH RATHODE (0822ME161002), HIMANSHU

RAJPUT (0822ME161033), JAKARIYA SONIJA (0822ME1610135)” have successfully
completed Major Project.

“AUTOMATIC PAPER PUNCHING MACHINE WITH CAM MACHANISM”

As per the syllabus and submitted a satisfactory report on this project as a partial
fulfillment towards the degree of

Bachelor Of Engineering
In
Mechanical Engineering
From
Rajiv Gandhi ProudyogikiVishwavidyalaya , Bhopal

1.1.1 …………………. …………………

Guide HOD

Mr.Rahul Joshi Dr.PrdeepPatil

Mechanical Dept.Mechanical Dep.

SVCE SVCE

SWAMI VIVEKANAND COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

INDORE (M.P.)
(Affiliated To Rajiv Gandhi Technical University,Bhopal,M.P.)
 Candidate’s Declaration

We hereby declare that work which is being presented in the thesis entitled “AUTOMATIC
PAPER PUNCHING MACHINE WITH CAM MACHANISM” submitted byAjay
Singh Rathode ,Himanshu Rajput and JakariyaSonijais approved for the partial
fulfillment of degree of Bachelor Of Engineering in Mechanical Engineering.

Date: Ajay Singh Rathode(0822ME161002)

PLACE: IndoreHimanshu Rajput(0822ME161033)

JakariyaSonija(0822ME161035)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am thankful to the technical university Rajiv Gandhi ProudyogikiVishwavidyalaya, Bhopal

for giving me opportunity to convert my technical knowledge into the practical skills through
this project.

Any work of this magnitude requires input, efforts and encouragement of people from all
sides. In compiling this project, I have been fortunate enough to get active and kind
cooperation from many people without which may endeavors wouldn’t have been a success.

The project work has been made successful by the cumbersome effort of the faculties. I
express my profound sense of gratitude to Dr. ArunTripathi,Director and
Dr.PradeepPatile, Principal of Swami Vivekanand college of Engineering, Indore (M.P.)
who were involved right from the inception of ideas to the finalization of the work.

I would like to express my a deep sense of gratitude and thank profusely to Head of
Mechanical Engineering, S.V.C.E., Indore (M.P.) Dr. PradeepPatilefor sincere & invaluable
guidance, suggestion and attitude which inspired me to submit thesis report in the present
form.

I would like to express my deep gratitude to my project guide Mr. Rahul Joshi under whose
valuable guidance, for encouraging me regularly and providing me each and every facility. I
was able to execute my project smoothly.

Last but not the list I am grateful to my parents and family members and colleagues, for their
continuous support and encouragement in success of this project.

Name Of Student:

Ajay Singh Rathode (0822ME161002)

Himanshu Rajput (0822ME161033)

JakariyaSonija (0822ME161035)
 CONTENTS

Chapter Chapter Name Page No.

1 Introduction
I. Composite Material
II. Advantage of composits
III. Limitation of composite
IV. Matrixphase
V. Reignforcement phase
VI. Factors affecting properties of
reinforcement.
2 Literature Review

3 Concept generation

4 Cost of project

5 Reasult and evaluation

6 Conclusion

7 Future Scope

8 Reference
 ABSTRACT

On the conventional punching machine the time for job setting, marking, punching operation
is more.Labor cost is also more.With cam mechanism based punching machine the time for
job setting, marking,Punching, labor cost decreases and also less maintenance cost. In this
project we are designing andfabricating the prototype of Auto roll punching machine using
cam mechanism. This project is specially designed for automatic punching in paper sheetThis
project is to introduce automation in industries. The major components involved in this
project are dc motor, cam arrangement, gear drive, cam mechanismand punching tool. In this
project we are using two rollers for moving the paper sheet during operation.A dc motor is
connected with cam. The cam has a pin which rotates the shaft .The shaft is attached to the
gear drive.The other end of the shaft drive is connected to the rollers which roll the metal
sheet and the punching operation is done by the punch tool. It is suitable for making mass
production after paper sheet punching.
 CHAPTER: 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1What is Punching?

Punching is a separating technique, mainly used to process holes into flat materials like
paper, plastic film or sheet metals. Normally, the punching equipment consists of two tool
parts – one support for the punches and one for the dies. While the punches enter the dies, the
material is being shear cut.

1.1.1 CompositeMaterials:

Possible Materials
There are counter less materials which could be used to make the components of this product
but the question is which ones are cost effective and also offer good quality.
At this point I am considering using Perspex for the lever handle and steel alloy for the base
plate. Stronger materials will be needed for the puncher heads to ensure a lasting sharpness
over repeated use. Stainless steel could be a possibility in this case. And the springs will need
to be strong also for the same reasons of repeated use so I would consider using some other
variation of steel here too.
Stainless steel differs from carbon steel by the amount of chromium present. Carbon steel
rusts when exposed to air and moisture. This iron oxide film (the rust) is active and
accelerates corrosion by forming more iron oxide. Stainless steels contain sufficient
chromium to form a passive film of chromium oxide, which prevents further surface
corrosion and blocks corrosion from spreading into the metal’s internal structure.
1.1.2 Advantages ofComposite

Composites are engineered materials. We can engineer them specifically to meet our needs
on a case‐to‐case basis. In general, following properties can be improved by using composite
materials.

 Lower Project Costs

Today, when competing systems are evaluated for projects using comparable, current cost
data, alloy steel remains the cost leader for the majority of construction projects. Comparative
studies indicate that a alloy steel framing system including decking and fire protection will
typically cost 5%to 7% less than a Iron framing system on a project basis.
The important advantages and in the choice of alloy steel from the general point of view in
relation to plain carbon steel are listed in the following.

 Greater hardenability.
 Less distortion and cracking.
 Greater stress relief at given hardness.
 Less grain growth.
 Higher elastic relation and endurance strength.
 Greater high temperature strength.
 Batter machinability at high hardness.
 Greater ductility at high strength.

1.1.3 Limitations of composites:

 There are Very Few Disadvantages of using Alloy Steels that are Made Commercially
and those that there are are Well Understood and Competent Engineers can Overcome
them but here they are.
 Alloy Steels can be Brittle at High Stress Levels but we know this and Design
Accordingly!!
 They can be Very Difficult to Machine resulting in a Poor Surface Finish which can
be a Stress Raiser and can be a Problem in Fatigue Loading as the Higher Stresses
Locally can Result in Premature Fatigue Failure!! Fortunately a Competent Machinist
knows this and will Change Tooling and Speeds and Feeds to Compensate for it!
 This is NOT a Disadvantage but a Benefit and is often used when Designing Parts
which are subject to Very Low Temperatures! ALL Steels have what is called a
Transition Point a Temperature at which they cease being Ductile and Become Brittle!
They can shatter like GLASS! Alloy Steels have a Lower Transition Point
Temperature than Carbon Steels so Pipelines in Siberia are made from Steels Capable
 of withstanding the Cold Temperatures Encountered there!!

1.2 Matrix phase

A composite is made by physically combining two or more materials (components) to

produce a combination (blend) of structural properties not present in any individual
component. They can, for example, provide greater strength and rigidity than is found in any
of the separate components while being as light as possible.

Metal:matrix composites (MMCs) are composite materials that contain at least two
constituent parts – a metal and another material or a different metal. The metal matrix is
reinforced with the other material to improve strength and wear. Where three or more
constituent parts are present, it is called a hybrid composite. In structural applications, the
matrix is usually composed of a lighter metal such as magnesium, titanium, or aluminum. In
high temperature applications, cobalt and cobalt-nickel alloy matrices are common. Typical
MMC's manufacturing is basically divided into three types: solid, liquid, and vapor.
Continuous carbon, silicon carbide, or ceramic fibers are some of the materials that can be
embedded in a metallic matrix material. MMCs are fire resistant, operate in a wide range of
temperatures, do not absorb moisture, and possess better electrical and thermal conductivity.
They have also found applications to be resistant to radiation damage, and to not suffer from
outgassing. Most metals and alloys make good matrices for composite applications.
1.3 Reinforcement phase:

Rein forcement of steel in tension and strong in compression. Tensile property for concrete
structures is obtained by incorporating steel reinforcement. The steel reinforcement is strong
in both tension and compression. The tensile property provided by the steel reinforcement
will prevent and minimize concrete cracks under tension loads.
The coefficient of thermal expansion of steel reinforcement and concrete are similar in that
they undergo similar expansions during temperature changes. This property will ensure that
the concrete is subjected to minimal stress during temperature variations.
The surface of the steel reinforcement bars is patterned to have a proper bond with the
surrounding concrete material.
The two main factors that provide strength to the concrete structures are steel and concrete.
The design engineer will combine both the elements and design the structural element such a
way that the steel resists the induced tensile and shear force, while the concrete takes up the
compressive forces.

1.3.1 Factors affecting properties of reinforcement.

The physical properties in materials such as ductility, elasticity strength etc.

Carbon contents Presence of impurities and heat treatment processes.
Each of the above factors will now be briefly described.
Carbon content: the variation in carbon percentage produces steel of different grades the
carbon Always assist in increasing the hardness and strength of steel but the same time is
decreases theductility of steel the mild steel having carbon content about 0.10 to 0.25% is
widely used for structure.
Presence of impurities: the usual impurities ion steel and silicon sulphurephosphors and
manganese.
If silicon content is less than 0.20% it has no appreciable are effect on the physical properties
the steel, If silicon content is raised to about 0.30 to 0.40% the elasticity and strength of steel
are considerable be Increased without serious reduction its ductility if sulfur content is
between 0.02to0.10% is has no appreciable effect on the duclity or strength of steel it
however decrease malleability and weld ability of hot metal the excess of sulphur decreases
strength of steel.
 CHAPTER II:
LITERATURE REVIEW
  RajshreeSahu

Abstract
The Auto roll punching machine is made of the Motor, driven wheel, punch
and dc motor through which the feed is given to the work piece. When the AC motor starts
thepunch reciprocates as the rotary motion is converted into reciprocating motion.
piece and that’s why the workrolling action is occurs there. The Autoroll punching
machineis can be punch or cut the sheet metal having gauge length 24having 1 mm thickness
and also cuts or punch the bunch ofpaper in the printing presses. This is the low cost
approach
for the industries that it has low initial cost and having simplesetup so it is easy and not so
time consuming.So that theproductivity of the industry increases. Here we can easily
change the punching tool and die so that we can producedifferent types of materials
Key words: Motor Driving wheel.

 SreeRajendraand Vijay vithalBangale

Abstract
The proposed work describes the design and fabrication of prototype ofautomatic punching
machine controlled by PLC and shedding light on theworking principle and the hardware
structure of the system. Punching or pressing process is one of the most important and
necessary processing step insheet metal industry. By automating this process one can have a
greatercontrol over the process. Programmable Logic Controllers are used for thecontrol of
the system. This system can replace existing manual feed andoperated punching and pressing
machines. By interfacing PLC controls withthe conventional machines, it is possible to
achieve good results in the form ofreduced.

 Shanxi

Abstract.
Modal analysis is a main method of researching the dynamic performance of the system
structure. The deformation of Needle-punching machine frames in the work will affect the
whole machine performance, which would seriously influence acupuncture frequency, reduce
production efficiency. At the meantime, machine life will be shortened. Here, Needle-
punching machine modal experiment has been done, the static natural frequencies and modal
deformation animation of frame also has been calculated, that provides a reliable guide and
basis for the actual work of deformation for needle-punching machine.

 Ken- ichiro Mori*, Tomoyoshi Maeno, Takuya Suganami, Masato Sakagami

Abstract
Hot semi-punching of a quenchable steel sheet was carried out to eliminate laser cutting
conventionally used for hot stamping of ultra-high strength steel parts. A quenchable steel
sheet is semi-punched without separation of punching scraps during hot stamping, and
subsequently, the serapes are removed from the hot-stamped part at room temperature.
Additional channels for taking punching scraps out of dies are not required. Minimum
remainder without detachment of punching scraps and no clearance between the die and
punch were optimal for the hot semi-punching process. The hot punching and cold removing
loads of the quenched sheet were considerably smaller than the cold punching load, the
quality of the hole edge was high and the delved fracture around the sheared edge was
prevented.

 IjariitJournal&,DevnarayanDhiwar

Abstract
A connecting link of a punching machine work as a medium for transferring the force
between the motor and the cutting tool of the punching machine.This work deals with fatigue
analysis of connecting link of punching machine using the Solid works software for modeling
and simulation of problem. This work is based on the principle of analysis of connecting link
of engines i.e. configuration and properties of slider crank mechanism. This work deals with
problem-based due to the self-weight of the li…

 Sridhar DR

Abstract
The work here describes about the design and fabrication of automatic sheet metal punching
machine controlled by Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). It also describes the working
principle and the hardware structure of the system. By automating the punching system one
can have greater control over the whole process. This system can replace existing manual
feed and operated punching machines. By interfacing PLC, it is possible to get good results in
the form of increased safety of the worker, reduced manufacturing lead time and reduced
angular misalignment.

 NingJianhua, Wang Hanjun, Song Jianli , Shi zhongd Mao Jianzhong

Abstract
This paper analyzes the design method of multi-position progressive die which adopts the
existing product length and longitudinal overlap as the step, and proposes the design method
of multi-position progressive die which is targeted at feature and adopts the longitudinal
length of feature that appears most frequently in the products as one step, in order to deal
with all kinds of limitation and weakness of process arrangement in the complex products
with medium size. It also briefly explains the controlling procedure of punch and the
classification principles of feature. The proposed method shortens the total length of the die,
saves the die materials, reduces the difficulty of manufacturing the die, manufacturing cost
and production cycle, and improves the stability of feeding materials and manufacturing
precision of the product.

 A.V. Kiruthika

Abstract
Effect of the meshing methods on nodes and elements numbers during meshing of punching
press operation has studied. FEA is a great way of studying the stresses, strains and deflection
generated before going to real practices. Meshing serves significant role towards the correct
solution from FEA. Effect of the meshing methods like patch independent, patch conforming
and sweep have studied in the present paper. Modeling of the punching assembly which
includes punch, sheet, blank holder and die has accompanied first then the meshing methods
have applied to study the nodes and elements number. Three element sizes 1omm 5mm and
I’m have been considered. Analysis of meshing methods dictates that the decrement in
element size increases the nodes and elements number which provides fine meshing. Results
also shows that sweep meshing method can be better with low element size. Patch
independent method has found to give more number of nodes and element or fine meshing.
Key words: Finite Element Analysis, Meshing Effect.

Jinan China

Keywords: sheet metal processing, mechanical punch, hydraulic punch, punch design
Abstract
During sheet metal processing, the price of the mechanical punch is cheap, but its noise is too
big, the price of CNC punch is too expensive, so it isn't suitable for small and medium-sized
manufacturers as well. A kind of hydraulic punch which has convenient operation and low
price is developed. And design process of mechanical part, X axis and Y axis blocking
material design hydraulic system and electrical system are introduced in the paper .

Electronic Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou, Anhui Sichuan Agricultural

University, Ya'an, Sichuan,
Keywords: Peanut, Punching mechanism, Design, Structure parameter, Equation of motion
Abstract.
According to the technology requirement and existing problems of the key working parts
(punching device) of the peanut mulching film and punching planter, the punching device of
the peanut mulching film and punching planter was designed adapt to first mulching film and
then sowing. It was introduced the structure and working principle of the punching device,,
and the punching mechanism are studied. The trajectory of the punching parts was analyzed
in the punching process, and the parameter equation of the punching profile was established.
On the basis, the main structure parameters of the punching device were analyzed and
optimized. The study provides reference and basis for the design and development of the
peanut mulching film and punching planter.

Tabrej Khan' Sanjay Goyal M Tech Scholar Assistant Professor 1MPCT College
Gwalior
Abstract
Effect of the meshing methods on noades and elements numbers during meshing of punching
press operation has studicd FEA is a great way of studying the stresses, strains aunddellection
generated belore going to real practiccs. Meshing serves significant role towards the corrcet
solution fiom FEA. Efect of the mueslung methods like patch ndcpendent, patch conforming
and swcep have studicd in the present pape, Modelling of hepuching assembly which ncludcs
punch, shoct, blank holder and dic has accompanicd first then the meshing methods have
applied to study the nodcs and elcments number. Ihree clement sizcs 10mm, 5mm and 1mm
have heen considered Analysis of meshing mcthodsdictatcs that the decrement in clement
sizcincrcascs the nodes and clements number which provides fine meshing Results also
shows that swecp meshing mcthod can be beter with low element size. Patch independent
method has found to give more number of nodes and element or fine meshing.
Key words: Finite Element Analysis, Meshing Effcct

Akshay L. Sonera", Dharmesh B. Chauhan", Tanvi K. Chaudhari CHAMOS Matnsanstha

Department of Mechanical Engineer ing, Chandubhai S. Patel Institute of Technology
Charotar.
ABSTRACT
This research paper gives the optimum design of pneumatic press for bending and punching
operations. Presses are used in industries for a wide variety of uses, induding bending,
blanking, piercingand pressing and punching operations. There are many different types of
presses. The most popular are pneumatic presses and hydraulic presses. The pneumatic
presses are more preferable than hydraulic presses. The greatest advantage of Pneumatic
presses is their speed. Pneumatic presses are 10 times faster than hydraulic presses and they
can perform many johs faster and more efficiently. They can also be stopped at any time by
opening the valves to release the air. Pneumatic presses are extremely flexible, that they can
be placed in a factory in any required position, even upside down. Pneumatic Press include
number of operations but here we design a Pneumatic Press for only two operations bending
and punching. This press easily bend Al pl ate of 5 mm and also done punching operation on
it
Keywords: Design, Bending, Punching. Warking Pressure, model many miles of line

Paavo Rasilo12 AnouarBeahcen1.3, and Antero Arkkio Department of Electrical

Abstract

Cutting the electrical strel sheets to form the shape of the stator and the rotor affects the
magnetic properties of the sheets. The increase of the magnetic losses as well as the drop of
the magnetic permeability can impact on the design of electrical devices. This paper
investigates this deterioration effect on the optimal design of the stator of a high speed
permanent magnet synchronous motor The deterioration due to punching is
phenomenologically analyzed based on measurement of strips of steel sheets with various
widths on an enlarged Epstein frame. The losses are computed with a Bertottimedel whose
coefficients depend on the width of the sheets. The optimization of a synchronous machine is
then carried out with this magnetic losses medel Index Terms-Electrical steel sheets,
optimization, punching, synchronous machine. I ths paper, we propose to invesigate the effect
of punching deterioranon on he optimal design of a high-speed surface-mounted permanent
magnet

Abstract.
This paper descrihes a structural design tool for punches and dies in 3D progressive dies of
motor core hased on association design technology. Based on the classification and 3D
modeling method of punches and dies, the associated model is set up to describe the holes on
platcs of dicsct for punches and dies. The proposed tool integrates the design knowledge of
progressive dies for motor core to automate the design for punches, dies and coresponding
holes an plates. This design tool is cnstructed on a PC and
integatedwihSolidWorkssowareWeseprgressive die fir the moor stator and vice-stator as a
concrete example to demonstrate the power of the desi e with rotaool. The results show that it
can not only improve design qualty but also save both time and costs dramatically
Introduction Progressive dies have been widely applied in various industries such as
aercspace, electronics, machine tools, automobiles, and refrigerator.
 CHAPTER III:
CONCEPT GENERATION

Concept:

The paper punch, that uniquely indispensable office tool, was invented at the end of
the.
19th century, patented nearly simultaneously in Germany and the United States.
The office environment in which the paper punch was invented was vastly different
than our computer-assisted, nearly paperless offices today. Nevertheless, there were
copy machines, filing cabinets that ranged in size from six to one hundred drawers,
inkstands, typewriters, stenographer's chairs, and, most of all, paper. Stacks and stacks
and stacks of forms and deeds and legally important documents that needed to be
accessible to make an office successful.
But with new generation and time the world grow every day with a new technology,
and today punching Processes are also been change. cam based punching machines
are used many more at an time but , we are here with a new creative mind so I think I
have a better idea over using old punching technologies ,so for improvement and
make a low cost approach we use “cam’’ in the place.
 CHAPTER IV:
METHODOLOGY
Methodology:

Material Selection

Material Selection

Material Selection
 Fabrication and construction

Material Selection

STEP 1

 Material Selection: For excellent performance and keep away machine from corrosion
we use mild steel plates, alloy steel, fibers, plastic components, die who made of
carbon steel are used in this project.

Step 2:

 Selection of components: To produce long reliability and life to machine we select

high quality but low cost components which are use full to create a low cost approach
machine.

The components are following:

 Dc motor
 Gears
 Die
 Rubber sockets
 Punch tool
 Bearings
 Shaft of( steel)
  Fixtures and joints
 Bolts and screws
 Switch and copper wires
 Collected bin
 Cam shaft
 Connecting shaft
 Supporting frame
 Rollers
 Shaft connector

STEP 3:

Design of machine: To make an machine we need to require a imagination of his design,

Now A Days, in industry there is cut throat competition. So industry most has more
powerfully fast & accurate equipment machinery to withstand their more compotation. Paper
Punching is a operated machine in which reciprocating motion of ram is obtained by cam
shaft .By We can punch a paper of size range 05mm to 0.25mm (Diameter) By using various
combination of punch &Die.

STEP 4.
Before designing a machine we need to look following factors to give a long life to
machine they Are follows;

 Appearance
 Limits and Fits
 Size
 Weight
 Space Required
 Required Motion
 Reliability
 Production Cost
 Maintenance Cost
 Service
 Life
 Efficiency

Speed of operation

 Manufacturing method
 Standard – National, international, work or material standard
 Maintenance Frequency
 Labor Required
 Material Required
 Availability of raw materials
 Availability of spare parts
 Re-usability
 Complexity of the machine.

STEP 5.

a) Fabrication and construction:

Joints: for creating joints we used welding operations on the steel sheets after cutting the steel
sheets in required diameter with the help of cutter machine.
 b) Gear assembly:
After cutting and assemble the components assemble the gears in right direction and fill very
less amount of oil for better performance..
 c) Cam mechanism fitment;
After the gear assembly we fit the cam’s in the circular shaft.

d) Electric supplies and switch:

After this create a circuit who gives power to the dc motor and also fix a switch who helps to
On/ off the machine for safety of operator.

e) Roller Bearing
Roller Bearing are used in a supporting the cam shaft and help easly rotate.
f) Punching tools :
It is used for produce holes in paper..

g) Dc motor:
For providing rotary motion to the cam shaft we connect motor with the camshaft..and
this motor is connected through transformer who covert the electric supply (AC) TO
(dc)..
 h) Waste collector bin:.
After when all components are assembled than attach a bin in the machine bottom for
collecting the paper waste

Components Quantity Price Total price

Dc motor 01 530 530

Cam shaft 01 600 600

Switch 01 25 25

Bearing 02 270 270

 Die 03 150 450

Punch tool 03 110 330

Other Cost

Total Cost 0. 2225

 CHAPTER V:
RESULT AND EVALUATION
 CHAPTER VI:
CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION
This project has met its objective to produce a hole by Cam force. We are very good at what
we have done and had fun doing it. We can do simple operations like punching, which is very
useful and helpful to do small works at our college. We chose a simple machine which
occupies less space which any one can operate. We tested our project by punching the sheet .
As our project is based on manufacturing of paper punching further modifications can be
done and increase its applications