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    Operations Management: MS 421 Product Architecture

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    Product architecture refers to how the functional elements of a product are arranged physically. There are two main types: integral architecture where functions are shared by physical elements and modular architecture where each function is delivered by a separate element. Choosing the right product architecture involves considering factors like product change needs, variety requirements, manufacturing costs, and more. Delayed differentiation is a supply chain concept where generic products are initially made and later differentiated, allowing flexibility and reduced inventories.

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    Operations Management: MS 421 Product Architecture

    Uploaded by

    The Crimi
    24 views22 pages
    Product architecture refers to how the functional elements of a product are arranged physically. There are two main types: integral architecture where functions are shared by physical elements and modular architecture where each function is delivered by a separate element. Choosing the right product architecture involves considering factors like product change needs, variety requirements, manufacturing costs, and more. Delayed differentiation is a supply chain concept where generic products are initially made and later differentiated, allowing flexibility and reduced inventories.

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    Ops

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    Lecture 3

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    Product architecture refers to how the functional elements of a product are arranged physically. There are two main types: integral architecture where functions are shared by physical elements and modular architecture where each function is delivered by a separate element. Choosing the right product architecture involves considering factors like product change needs, variety requirements, manufacturing costs, and more. Delayed differentiation is a supply chain concept where generic products are initially made and later differentiated, allowing flexibility and reduced inventories.

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    24 views22 pages

    Operations Management: MS 421 Product Architecture

    Uploaded by

    The Crimi
    Product architecture refers to how the functional elements of a product are arranged physically. There are two main types: integral architecture where functions are shared by physical elements and modular architecture where each function is delivered by a separate element. Choosing the right product architecture involves considering factors like product change needs, variety requirements, manufacturing costs, and more. Delayed differentiation is a supply chain concept where generic products are initially made and later differentiated, allowing flexibility and reduced inventories.

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    of 22

    Operations Management

    MS 421
    Product Architecture
    Product Architecture
    Product Architecture
    • Product architecture is the scheme by which the functional elements
    of the product are arranged into physical chunks and by which the
    chunks interact.

    • Architecture is related to System Level Design.

    • Architecture also has profound implications for how the product is


    designed, made, sold, used, repaired, etc
    Product Architecture Example
    Role of Product Architect in Product Development
    Influence of Product Architecture
    • During Product Development
    • How parts/families are structured?
    • DFC (Design for Cost)
    • What are boundaries of modules/sub-assemblies

    • During Production Design 


    • Assembly Sequence
    • Sharing of facilities
    • Planning for flexibility

    During Manufacturing and Assembling 


    • Where productions happens?
    • How orders are fulfilled?
    • How un-predictable demand patterns are met?

    During Use
    • How product is updated?
    • How product is recycled?
    Two Types of Product Architects

    • Integral  Functions shared by Physical Elements


    • Modular  Each function is delivered by a separate element
    Examples
    Comparison
    Modular Integral

    Independent from each other PHYSICALLY and Integral from Inside and Inter-dependent on each
    Functionally other
    Standard pre-designed interfaces can be used Tailored interfaces and dependent on functional
    behaviour
    Modules can be inter changed Modules cannot necessarily be changed if other
    structures also changed
    Ability to compensate for any dimensional mis- Tailored specific solution hence no need to put
    match extra efforts for dimensional accuracy
    Modules occupy a lot of space Are integral and combined hence save space

    Flexible production Not flexible production

    More towards Business performance More towards technical performance

    Reduced performance Enhanced performance

    Easy to Change Hard to Change

    Accommodate Made-to-Order products for a Can be Made-to –Order but not for a big chunk of
    Chunk of Customers people
    Product Structures
    • Integral  Part’s are combined
    • Differential  Parts are separated
    • Stack/Serial
    • Array/Parallel  Circuit Board

    • Modularity
    • Slot  Parts share structured common base e.g. Speedometer , Car Radio
    • Bus  Parts share un-structured common base but similar interfaces e.g.
    USB connectors

    • Sectional  Parts are linked ; no base element e.g. Lego’s , Piping


    Lehnerd-Mayor Platform Concept
    Choosing Product Architecture

    • Product Change
    • Product Variety
    • Standardization
    • Performance
    • Manufacturing Cost
    • Project Management
    • System Engineering
    Delayed Differentiation

    • A concept of Supply Chain management where the manufacturing


    process starts by making generic product that is later differentiated in
    specific end product.
    • Used where demand un-certainity is high
    • Reduced Inventories as well
    Early Differentiation
    Delayed Differentiation
    Benefits of Delayed Differentiation
    • Easy to Control
    • Fast reaction to Customer Demand
    • Lower Inventory cost
    • Fewer Interfaces
    • Modular Designs can allow delayed differentiation
    Self Study
    (Not included in Exams)
    Establishing the Architecture
    Cluster Elements into Chunks

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