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PLGC
PLGC
PLGC
GAS CHROMATOGRAPH
OPERATION MANUAL
P/N: MA2182
Revision 8b (for use with Rev 1B Motherboards)
October 11, 2005
Revision 8b i 11/10/2005
Galvanic Applied Sciences, Inc.
ii
Table of Contents
MANUFACTURER’S WARRANTY STATEMENT ........................................ vi
Section 1...........................................................................................................1-1
1 Analyzer General Description..................................................................1-1
1.1 Introduction ......................................................................................1-1
1.2 Note on Theory of Operation............................................................1-1
Section 2...........................................................................................................2-3
2 Analyzer Component Description............................................................2-3
2.1 Standard 12-minute Cycle Time ...........................................................2-4
2.2 Detector ...........................................................................................2-7
2.3 Microprocessor Control System .......................................................2-7
Section 3...........................................................................................................3-9
3 Analyzer Installation and Considerations ................................................3-9
3.1 Sampling Point Location ..................................................................3-9
3.2 Sample Volume and Flow Rate........................................................3-9
3.3 Sample Conditioning ........................................................................3-9
3.4 Battery ...............................................................................................3-9
3.5 Installation........................................................................................3-9
Section 4.........................................................................................................4-13
4 Electrical Connections and Considerations ...........................................4-13
4.1 Functions of Electrical Ports...........................................................4-13
4.2 Modbus Communication ................................................................4-18
4.3 PLGC II Wiring Schedule ...............................................................4-21
4.4 PLGC II Wiring Diagrams...............................................................4-22
Section 5.........................................................................................................5-25
5 Software Operation ...............................................................................5-25
5.1 Software Installation and Connection.............................................5-25
5.2 Interface and Icons ........................................................................5-26
5.3 Database and Devices ...................................................................5-30
5.4 Data Observation Applications.......................................................5-34
5.5 Setup Applications .........................................................................5-49
5.6 Advanced Operations.....................................................................5-75
Section 6.........................................................................................................6-83
6 Maintenance..........................................................................................6-83
6.1 Weekly Checkup ............................................................................6-83
6.2 Gas Cylinder Replacement ............................................................6-84
6.3 Cleaning the PLGC II .....................................................................6-84
6.4 Chromatograph Valve ....................................................................6-84
6.5 Flow Control...................................................................................6-85
6.6 Column Oven .................................................................................6-86
6.7 PLGC II Parts List ..........................................................................6-86
6.8 Weekly Check-up Report ...............................................................6-87
Section 7.........................................................................................................7-89
7 Troubleshooting ....................................................................................7-89
Section 8.........................................................................................................8-91
Appendix A: Theory of Gas Chromatography...............................................8-91
iv
Figure 5-8: Cannot Delete GDP Message Box ................................................5-32
Figure 5-9: Device Listing ................................................................................5-33
Figure 5-10: Watch Window.............................................................................5-34
Figure 5-11: Watch Window Page 2 ................................................................5-36
Figure 5-12: Archive Reader Window ..............................................................5-36
Figure 5-13: Archive Reader Chart ..................................................................5-37
Figure 5-14: Analysis Setup Window ...............................................................5-39
Figure 5-15: Analysis Details Window..............................................................5-40
Figure 5-16: Analysis Control Window .............................................................5-41
Figure 5-17: Peak Integration Window.............................................................5-44
Figure 5-18: Peak Integration Marks................................................................5-45
Figure 5-19: Shaded Peak Integration Area.....................................................5-45
Figure 5-20: Display Setup Window.................................................................5-49
Figure 5-21: Oven PID Controller.....................................................................5-50
Figure 5-22: Analog Output Controller Window ...............................................5-51
Figure 5-23: Mole Weight Calculator Window..................................................5-52
Figure 5-24: Cross Calculator Window ............................................................5-53
Figure 5-25: Component Table ........................................................................5-54
Figure 5-26: Streams Set up Window ..............................................................5-58
Figure 5-27: Analyzer Paths Tab .....................................................................5-61
Figure 5-28: Action List Tab.............................................................................5-62
Figure 5-29: Add Action List Item Window .......................................................5-65
Figure 5-30: Run Definitions Window...............................................................5-66
Figure 5-31: At-Start GDP Receiver Dialog Box ..............................................5-67
Figure 5-32: Normal Sequence Window ..........................................................5-68
Figure 5-33: Externally Controlled Window......................................................5-69
Figure 5-34: Timed Interval Window ................................................................5-71
Figure 5-35: Serial Port Setup Window............................................................5-72
Figure 5-36: Archive Setup Window.................................................................5-73
Figure 5-37: Confirm Archive Definition Change..............................................5-75
Figure 5-38: Process Monitor...........................................................................5-75
Figure 5-39: Update Firmware Window ...........................................................5-76
Figure 5-40: Replace Existing Process Window ..............................................5-77
Figure 5-41: Thread Information Window.........................................................5-80
Figure 6-1: Valco 10-port Valve .......................................................................6-85
Figure 8-1: Chromatograph Equipment............................................................8-91
Figure 8-2: Sample Gas Flow Through The Column........................................8-92
Figure 8-3: TCD ...............................................................................................8-93
Figure 8-4: Chromatogram Description............................................................8-94
Tables
Table 4-1: LED Functions ................................................................................4-18
Table 4-2: PLGC II Wiring Schedule ................................................................4-21
Table 6-1: PLGC II Class 1, Div 2 Parts List ....................................................6-86
Table 6-2: PLGC II Class 1, Div 1 Parts List (XP Version)...............................6-87
Table 10-1: Parameters of Natural Gas Components (GPA) .........................10-99
Table 10-2: Parameters of Natural Gas Components (AGA) .......................10-100
Revision 8b v 11/10/2005
MANUFACTURER’S WARRANTY STATEMENT
This product is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for twelve months from the date of
shipment. During the warranty period the manufacturer will, as its option, either repair or replace products,
which prove to be defective.
The manufacturer or its representative can provide warranty service at the buyer’s facility only upon prior
agreement. In all cases the buyer has the option of returning the product for Warranty service to a facility
designated by the manufacturer or its representatives. The buyer shall prepay shipping charges for products
returned to a service facility, and the manufacturer or its representatives shall pay for return of the products
to the buyer. The buyer may also be required to pay round-trip travel expenses and labor charges at
prevailing labor rates if warranty is disqualified for reasons listed below.
Galvanic Applied Sciences Ltd. spare parts and products for the operation of their instruments, such as
chemically treated sensing tapes, are manufactured under a stringently controlled quality environment. If a
substitute is used, instrument performance may not be satisfactory. Accordingly, Galvanic Applied
Sciences Ltd. will not be responsible for the performance of instruments manufactured by it if product
substitutes are used. Without in any way limiting the foregoing, if at any time chemically treated sensing
tapes other than those supplied by Galvanic Applied Sciences Ltd. are used in an instrument manufactured
by it, this warranty shall be void and of no further force of effect and no liability arising from the use of
such other sensing tapes shall be attached to Galvanic Applied Sciences Ltd. Further, Galvanic Applied
Sciences Ltd. shall have no obligation to service or repair any instrument in which such other sensing tapes
are used that have not been approved for such use by Galvanic Applied Sciences Ltd.
Limitation of Warranty
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects arising from:
• Improper or inadequate maintenance by the user.
• Improper or inadequate site preparation.
• Unauthorized modification or misuse.
• Operation of the product in unfavorable environments, especially high temperature, high humidity,
• Corrosive or other damaging atmospheres or otherwise outside published specs of analyzer.
Disclaimer
No other warranty is expressed or implied. The manufacturer specially disclaims the implied warranties of
merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
Caution
The manufacturer shall not be liable for personal injury or property damage suffered in servicing the
product. The product should not be modified or repaired in a manner at variance with procedures
established by the manufacturer.
vi
Section 1
1 Analyzer General Description
1.1 Introduction
The PLGC II thermal conductivity gas chromatograph was designed to
identify and quantify the components of natural gas and natural gas
products. It can also be used on other gaseous samples when fitted with
appropriate columns. It calculates the energy content and provides mole
percent concentrations of each component as required for AGA8 flow
measurement. The GAS PLGC II is fully automated and designed to
perform on-line, real time analysis. The Windows™ based configuration
program allows the user to view chromatograms as well as configure the
analyzer.
The PLGC II is available in both regular and explosion proof models. Each
of these models is also available with the option of AC power.
1.2 Note on Theory of Operation
An introduction to gas chromatography theory is explained in Appendix A.
Chromatograph terminology is explained in Appendix B. Reading these
sections prior to use of the PLGC will be useful for users who are
unfamiliar with gas chromatographs.
Solenoids
TCD
Main Micro-
processor Board
Flow meter
The bottom compartment houses the PLGC II main microprocessor board. The
microprocessor performs calculations, handles the Graphical User Interface
(GUI), and controls communications for the chromatograph (See Section 2.3).
The flow meter, gas inlet ports, and solenoids are located on the side panel. The
flow meter controls the flow of sample gas into the PLGC II. In Figure 2-1, the top
solenoid actuates the chromatograph valve, and the bottom solenoid switches
between calibration gas and sample gas. If two or three chromatograph valves
are to be used in the chromatograph application, additional solenoids can be
wired to the analyzer. Solenoids can also be wired for switching up to 8 streams
of gas. Solenoid wiring is explained in Section 4.1.1.
Sample Loop
Column 2
Helium enters to
Column 1 actuate valve
Figure 2-2: Chromatograph Valve and Columns
2-4
CALIBRATION
IN
SAMPLE
SAMPLE LOOP
IN
10 TO 100 PSIG
SAMPLE
1 VENT
10 2 HELIUM
9 3 REFERENCE CARRIER
60 PSIG
8 4
7 5
6 TCD
JUMPER
Air Supply VENT
MEASURING
COLUMN
TO ATMOSPHERE
BUFFER COLUMN
C1 C2 Detector
CALIBRATION
IN
C2 C1
Detector
SAMPLE
SAMPLE LOOP
IN
10 TO 100 PSIG
SAMPLE
1 VENT
10 2 HELIUM
9 3 REFERENCE CARRIER
60 PSIG
8 4
7 5
6 TCD
COLUMN 1
MEASURING
COLUMN 2
TO ATMOSPHERE
BUFFER COLUMN
2-6
2.2 Detector
The thermal conductivity detector (TCD) is housed inside the column oven
to minimize the effect of ambient temperature changes. To further reduce
temperature and flow effects a reference filament is used in a Wheatstone
bridge configuration. The resistance of the measuring thermistor changes
relative to the reference thermistor in proportion to the concentration of the
component. This change is converted to a voltage between 0 and 3.0
volts, which is then sent to the 24-bit A/D converter. The microprocessor
then converts the voltage signal to a digital value from 0 to 16,777,216
bits.
2-8
Section 3
3 Analyzer Installation and Considerations
THE PLGC II DIVISION 2 EQUIPMENT IS SUITABLE FOR USE IN CLASS I,
DIVISION 2, GROUPS B,C and D, or NON-HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS ONLY
Note: This symbol: ! means CAUTION. Wherever this symbol is seen, the
user should make sure they are aware of all the dangers and precautions
associated with the location of the symbol before proceeding.
3.1 Sampling Point Location
The samples sent to the analyzer must be representative of the stream
and should be taken from a point as close as possible to the analyzer to
avoid lag times and sample degradation in the lines.
3.2 Sample Volume and Flow Rate
Sample should be supplied to the analyzer at no more than 100 psig. A
flow meter at the analyzer will control the flow into the analyzer's sample
valve at 50 cc/min. A bypass sweep is recommended to reduce lag time
in the sample lines.
3.3 Sample Conditioning
The function of the sample system available as an option with the PLGC II
is to regulate and filter the sample. The sample system is required if the
sample is not available at a pressure less than 100 psig, contains
particulates, or is subject to liquid dropout. Consideration must be taken of
upset conditions as well as normal conditions when designing the sample
system. Contamination is often a problem with PLGC II sample systems.
3.4 Battery
WARNING: TO PREVENT IGNITION OF HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERE,
THE BATTERY MUST ONLY BE CHANGED IN AN AREA KNOWN TO
BE NON-HAZARDOUS
Step 3: Attach UHP helium at the pressure specified in the factory setup
(usually 60 psig). A dual stage regulator is recommended. See to
see where to attach the helium.
Step 5: Wire the appropriate power to the analyzer and allow the oven
temperature to reach the set temperature (usually 40° C). If
possible allow the analyzer to stabilize over night. Note that mains
supply voltage fluctuations are not to exceed 10 percent of the
nominal supply voltage.
Note:
- A switch or circuit breaker shall be included in the building
installation
- The switch/circuit breaker shall be in close proximity to the
equipment and within easy reach of the operator
- The switch/circuit shall be marked as the disconnecting device
for the equipment.
3-10
16.7
8.7 11.8
1.8
16.5
16.0
13.0
6.8 0.5
20.5
15.8
14.6
8.7
4.6
2.8
29.9
9.5
Step 6: Tube in sample gas at 10 to 100 psig to the port labeled Sample
and attach the calibration gas at the same pressure as the sample
gas to the port labeled Calibration. See
Step 8: The analyzer should be allowed to stabilize for 24 hours and then a
calibration should be performed. If the recommended calibration
gas is not available do not attempt to calibrate the analyzer. The
factory calibration should be used until a certified standard is
available.
Tube in carrier gas (helium), calibration
gas, and sample gas to designated ports
Vent
3-12
Section 4
4 Electrical Connections and Considerations
4-14
Chromatograph Valve Drivers 1-4: Solenoid actuation for
chromatograph valves. CV1, CV2, and CV3 are factory
wired. CV1 is generally wired for the calibration solenoid.
Pin 2 TX
Pin 3 RX
Pin 5 GND
4-16
See Figure 4-6 for further information on Modbus wiring.
NOTE
Over 1000 foot distance requires you to contact Galvanic Applied Sciences Inc service
department for assistance. RS 485 is suitable for up to 1000 feet with supplied
termination resistors from Galvanic. The termination resistors will have to be changed if
the distance is to exceed 1000 feet.
The standard PLGC II has three serial ports. These ports can be used to
configure the analyzer or as Modbus communications ports as follows:
4.2.1 Enron Modbus Protocol:
RTU Data Transfer Format ASCII Data Transfer Format
Selectable - 300 to 115200 bps Selectable – 300 to 115200 bps
No Parity Even Parity
8 Data bits 7 Data bits
1 Stop bit 1 Stop bit
The PLGC II analyzer can be configured for different baud rates in different
modes. The analyzer will be set up for Enron Modus communications at 9600
RTU mode as sent from the factory.
4.2.2 Modbus LED Description
There are 8 LEDs (4 pairs of green/red), located on the main PLGC II
board. The functions of the LEDs are shown in Table 4-1:
Red Green
LED Pair 1 – Communication Status Idle IO
LED Pair 2 – Port 1 RS232 Status Rx Tx
LED Pair 3 – Port 2 RS232 (Isolated) Status Rx Tx
LED Pair 4 – Port 3 RS 485 Status Rx Tx
Table 4-1: LED Functions
4-18
Revision 8b 4-19 11/10/2005
Section 4 Part Number MA2182
4-20
4.3 PLGC II Wiring Schedule
The wiring schedule shown in Table 4-2 should be used in conjunction with the
wiring diagram. See Section 4.4.
Electrical Connection Terminal 1 Terminal 2 Wire Signal Name
Description Colour
TCD Excitation Board
TCD Board - P2 RTD Red A
TCD Board - P2 RTD Black B
TCD Board - P2 RTD Black B
Status Inputs
4-22
Additional solenoids can be added for
multiple chromatograph valves
Status Inputs
The PLGC II software has been designed to receive, interpret, and plot data from
the PLGC II gas chromatograph. Peaks in the resulting chromatogram identify
the compound by retention time and the concentration by the area of the peak.
Various parameters, including BTU, specific gravity, and compressibility factor,
can be displayed with the software. The Graphical User Interface (GUI) for the
software is a Windows-based system.
This manual provides instructions on the installation, setup and use of the PLGC
II software program. It includes requirements and procedures for installation
along with instructions for communication between the chromatograph and
computer. It also outlines procedures for calibration, configuration and data
acquisition.
Once the software has been installed, it is possible to view the software Revision
History by clicking the ‘Help’ menu at the top of the screen and choosing ‘View
Revision History’.
The following are the computer requirements to install and operate the
PLGC II software.
Operating System
Microsoft Windows 98, Me, 2000, or XP
Memory
Minimum of 64MB RAM.
Disk Drives
A CD ROM drive is required to read the installation disk, and a
minimum of 20 megabytes of space is required for installation on the
PC hard drive. More space will be required to save data, such as
chromatograms and archive data.
Serial Port
The PLGC connects to the PC with an RS-282 serial cable, requiring a
9-pin male serial connector, as seen in Figure 5-1.
5-26
Open – allows the user to open a pre-saved configuration. This button can
only be used if the PC is not connected to the PLGC II.
Save All – allows the user to save configuration files for all open windows.
Print – allows the user to print to print the output from the currently open
window, including action lists, component tables, chromatograms, and
archive data.
Tile Windows – allows the user to see all open windows on one screen.
Cascade Windows – allows the user to reduce the size of all open
windows and lines them up one behind the next.
Collapse – allows the user to collapse the directory tree on the left side of
the screen.
Expand All – allows the user to expand all branches of the directory tree
on the left side of the screen
Read All – Reads data from device for all open windows.
Synchronize Time – updates PLGC II time and date with the time and
date set on the connected PC. Ensure that the PC’s time and date is set
correctly before synchronizing time.
Process Monitor – allows the user to view the revision number for all
applications installed on the PLGC. This is useful for troubleshooting. See
Section 5.6.1, Advanced Operations – Factory Mode for more information.
In addition, there are two more icons that are available in ‘Factory’ Mode. Factory
mode, as the name would suggest, is a mode that allows the user to update or
remove applications installed on the PLGC II. For more information, see Section
5.6.1, Advanced Operations – Factory Mode. The icons are shown below.
Wipe All Processes – allows the user to wipe all processes (applications)
from the PLGC II board. This should ONLY be used at the factory or by
trained service Personnel.
5-28
power supply for the PLGC II is connected correctly. Click on the
‘Communications Setup’ button at the top of the screen, and a window
such as the one seen in Figure 5-3 appears.
Select the correct COM port on the drop-down menu. Leave all other
settings at the default values, and then press ‘OK’. Click on the ‘Logon’
icon, and if the communications are properly configured, the software will
connect to the analyzer. If for some reason the software cannot connect to
the analyzer, try changing the COM port or the baud rate in the
communications setup window. If changing these parameters still does not
result in a successful connection, please call Galvanic Applied Sciences
Inc.’s technical support, and somebody will assist you with your problem.
Read-only mode only allows the user to read data from the analyzer, while
Update allows the user to make changes to the analyzer. If Update mode
is chosen, another popup box will appear, prompting the user to enter a
password. The default password to enter Update mode is 2222.
5.3.1 Database
The database is the part of the software that defines all of the parameters
required to operate the analyzer. When the tab is first opened, the tree
view shown in Figure 5-5 is seen.
The most important section of the Database is the section that contains
the Global Data Points (GDPs). When the ‘+’ sign next to Global Data
Points is clicked, the two sub-categories shown in Figure 5-6 are seen.
I/O Controls are all of the data points relevant to the mechanical and
electrical operation of the analyzer. Under I/O controls can be found
discrete inputs, relays, chromatograph valves, solenoids, and inputs from
the detector and the RTD that measures the temperature in the
5-30
chromatograph oven. An expanded view of the I/O Controls sub-category
is seen in Figure 5-7.
Additional GDPs are the data points in which all collected data is stored. In
this section, data points are created that store data from BTU calculations,
specific gravity calculations, component values, and any other numerical
values calculated or recorded by the PLGC. Each data point contains
information about the current value of the data point, as well as hourly,
daily, and monthly maxima, minima, averages, and analysis counts.
Additional GDPs must be set up in stream setups (see section 5.5.3.2)
There are several other options on the pop-up menu that appears when a
GDP label is right-clicked on.
• Expand Selected Node – if the label has a ‘+’ sign to the left of it,
choosing this option will cause this portion of the database to
expand, showing sub-categories.
• Collapse Tree – collapses the database down to the root, showing
only the ‘DIMAC Network Database’ Label
• Expand Tree – expands all nodes within the database tree
• Save Database – saves the entire database to a database
(*.DCDB) file
• Load Database – loads a previously saved database from a file.
• Write DB Changes to Unit – sends the updated database to the
analyzer.
• Create new GDP – creates a new global data point with a name of
the user’s choosing. The following window appears to create a new
GDP.A name for the new GDP is placed in the ‘Name’ field, while
typically the ‘Type’ field is left at the default ‘Scalar’. When ‘Scalar’
is chosen, no units are necessary. New GDPs are created in the
‘Additional GDPs’ section of the database.
.
Figure 5-8: Cannot Delete GDP Message Box
5-32
The message box also shows exactly where the given GDP is
referenced – in this particular example, the GDP is referenced in
two locations, one in a Stream, the other in an Archive.
• Modify GDP – allows the user to change the name, type, and units
of a given GDP.
• Show Where GDP Is Used – brings up a box similar to that shown
in Figure 5-8 that shows all processes where the given GDP is
referenced.
• Configure Alarms – this feature is not currently working, but will be
operational in later versions of the software.
5.3.2 Devices
When the ‘Devices’ tab is selected, a different directory tree is seen. This
tree shows all of the firmware processes that make the PLGC operate
correctly. In addition, the devices tab also contains processes that output
data for the user, so the user can check on the operation of the GC. The
Devices list is shown in Figure 5-9.
The Watch Window allows the user to watch the various outputs of the
PLGC. There are two pages, accessed by tabs at the top left corner of the
Watch Window screen. Page 1 is split into two sections – ‘Configurable
Items’ and ‘Current Run’.
This window can be set up to monitor the current value of any data
point in the database, but is most commonly used to monitor the any
value stored in the ‘Additional GDPs’ section of the database. To
monitor the value of a given data point, use the following procedure.
1. Select the Database tab on the left side of the screen.
2. Under Additional GDPs, select the item to be monitored, for
example, Stream 1 BTU.
5-34
3. Left click and hold on the given GDP, and drag it over into the
‘Configurable Items’ window. This will put the current value of
this GDP into the window.
4. To monitor hourly, daily, or monthly minima, maxima, or
averages, or the previous value of the GDP, first press the ‘+’ to
the left of the GDP. Under each GDP are listed Current Value
TS (timestamp), Previous Value (the value recorded
immediately before the current value), Previous Value TS, and
hourly, daily, and monthly trends. In the trends subsections are
found minima, maxima, averages, and timestamps for the
minima and maxima. Any of these can be dragged into the
‘Configurable Items’ window by following the instructions in step
3.
5. Once all the desired GDP values have been dragged into the
‘Configurable Items’ window, click on the ‘Write Current’ button
at the top of the screen. Then, to see the value for each chosen
GDP, click on the ‘Read Current’ button, and numerical values
for each GDP will be seen.
This box shows information about the current status of the PLGC. It
shows which stream is currently being analyzed, which stream is being
purged, the total time (in seconds) that the analyzer has been
operating, analysis length (also in seconds), elapsed time, analyzer
state (running or halted), analysis number (the total number of
analyses run since the analyzer was powered up), and the number of
peaks found in the current analysis. Also, at the bottom of the screen is
the current analyzer time. If this is not the same as the time on the PC,
time synchronization should be performed.
5-36
automatically enter the maximum number of available records), and press
the Read Archive From Unit button. A chart showing the record number,
record trigger (See Section 5.5.7 – Archive Setup), record timestamp, and
the values of the recorded parameters for each record, appears on the
screen.Once the data is on the screen, there are several options available
to the user. If the user wishes to check the repeatability of the data, the
user simply must select any one column, or portion of a column, and click
the ‘Graph Selected Column’ button at the top of the screen. To select a
whole column, simply left-click on the column title, and the whole column
will be highlighted in blue. To select a portion of a column, left click and
hold while dragging the cursor downward over the desired data, or
highlight the first record, hold down the Shift key, and click again on the
last desired record. When the ‘Graph Selected Column’ button is clicked,
the screen will change to show a graph of the selected data, with the
average and standard deviation shown below, as shown Figure 5-13.
1,104
1,103.928 1,103.928
1,103.581 1,103.581
1,103.234 1,103.234
1,103
100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5
The chart also has the statistics shown graphically. The solid line down
the middle of the chart represents the average of the charted data, while
the dashed lines above and below the solid line show one standard
deviation above and below the average. The labels on either end show the
numerical values of the average, as well as the average plus and minus
one standard deviation.
To return to the raw data, click on the ‘Table’ tab in the upper right-hand
corner of the Archive window. There are also several right-click options
available in the ‘Table’ tab.
• Print Preview – previews the printout of the archive data.
• Print – allows the user to print the raw data table.
• Load from File – allows the user to load a saved archive data file in
proprietary Galvanic format (*.dcar).
• Save to File – allows the user to save the archive data to a *.dcar
file.
• Save as XLS – allows the user to save the archive data to a
Microsoft Excel (*.xls) file.
• Copy Selection To Clipboard – allows the user to copy a selected
column of data to the clipboard. (only available if there is a
highlighted portion of data)
• Copy Image to Clipboard – copies the entire archive window as an
image to the clipboard so that it can be pasted into another
application.
• Hide Selected Column – hides any selected columns (only
available if one or more complete columns are highlighted).
• Unhide All Columns – shows all columns, including any that have
been previously hidden.
5-38
5.4.3 Peak Analysis
Under the ‘Peak Analysis’ heading in the ‘Devices’ tree, there are two sub-
categories, Analysis Details and Analysis Setup. While Analysis Details
comes first in the tree, Setup will be dealt with first here.
5-40
• Norm. Dev. (Normalized Deviation) – same as above, except
with normalized rather than unnormalized data.
• Retention Time – shows the time, in seconds, at which each
individual peak elutes. These numbers should be very
consistent from analysis to analysis. Poor repeatability of
retention time values is an indication of either poor temperature
control in the column oven or too wide of a retention time
deviation window for one or more components (See section 5.x
– Component Table).
• Start – shows the time, in seconds, at which the integration for
each individual peak begins.
• Stop – shows the time, in seconds, at which the integration for
each individual peak ends.
• V Start – shows the sensor output, in millivolts, at the time when
the peak integration begins.
• V Max – shows the sensor output, in millivolts, at the retention
time.
• V Stop – shows the sensor output, in millivolts, at the time when
the peak integration ends.
• Height – shows the height of the peak relative to the baseline
(basically calculated as V Max – V Start).
There are three main boxed sections in the Analysis Control window –
General Setup, Current Run, and Run Queue. Each of these sections will
be dealt with individually.
The General Setup box shows some general setup parameters for the
PLGC II.
• Initial State Halted - if this box is checked, the analyzer will not
begin an analysis unless triggered by the user when first
powered on. If this box is unchecked, the analyzer will
immediately begin an analysis cycle when the analyzer is
powered on.
• Analyzer 1-4 (pull down menus) – should be left as is.
• Halted/Running Notification – allows the user to set up an output
from the analyzer to notify the control room whether the
analyzer is running or halted, by hooking up a light or some
other visual indicator to the selected control point. The control
point is set to Relay 1 by default, and should not be changed
except after consultation with Galvanic Applied Sciences Inc.
Service personnel. If the check-box under ‘Halted’ is checked,
Relay 1 will energize when the analyzer is halted. If the check-
box under ‘Running’ is checked, Relay 1 will energize when the
analyzer is running. If the check-box that is checked is changed,
press the ‘Write Changes to Unit’ button to initiate the change.
The Current Run box shows some information regarding the current
analysis.
• Halt Analyzer – pressing this button will cause the analyzer to
go into halt mode after completing the current analysis.
• Abort Current Run – pressing this button will cause the analyzer
to abort the run that it is currently carrying out. The analyzer will
only abort if there is more than one run definition in the run
queue.
• Stream – shows which stream is currently being analyzed (on-
line) and which stream is currently purging (on purge).
• Time – shows how long the above streams have been on-line
and on purge, respectively, in seconds.
• Analysis Length – shows how long, in seconds, the current
analysis will take.
• Elapsed Time – shows the current position, in seconds, in the
current analysis.
• Analyzer State – shows whether the analyzer is halted or
running.
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5.4.4.3 Run Queue
The Run Queue shows a list of streams that are in the queue to be
analyzed. Above the run queue white box is a pull down menu next to
two buttons. The pull down menu can be used to manually add a run to
the run queue. For example, to manually initiate a Calibration or a
Reference, the user simply has to select Calibration or Reference from
the pull-down menu, and click on the ‘Add to Queue’ button. To
remove a run from the Run Queue, click on the run to be removed in
the large white box to highlight the run, and then click on the ‘Remove
from Queue’ button. Note that there should always be at least one run
in the Run Queue. The stream at the top of the list will be analyzed
next. At the top of the list are some headings.
• Position – tells the user what position the given stream has in
the run queue
• Run Definition – tells the user which run definition (see section
5.5.4.3 – Run Definitions) will be used for the analysis
• Trigger – tells the user how the runs in the queue were added
(user triggered, normal sequence, externally triggered, timed
interval). More on normal sequence and external triggers can be
found in section 5.5.4.4 – Scheduling.
• Run #/ Max Runs - tells the user how many runs total will be
carried out for the given run definition, and how many runs of
that total the analyzer has carried out to the current time.
• Stream – tells the user which stream is being analyzed for a
given run definition (see section 5.5.3 – Streams for more
information).
• Purge time – the amount of time the analyzer will purge the
sample loop prior to initializing a run definition.
The peak integration window is one of the most important windows for the
normal user of the PLGC software. The raw data output of any
chromatograph is in the form of a chromatogram, and the chromatogram
from the PLGC can be accessed from the Peak Integration section of the
software. When the user double clicks on Peak Integration to open this
application for the first time, a message box pops up that asks ‘Load
Chromatogram from Unit?’ If the user selects Yes, the most recent
chromatogram will be downloaded from the unit and displayed on the
screen. Depending on the length of the analysis and the speed of the
connection between the analyzer and the PC, this process can take as
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(See Section 5.5.3 - Streams). Three types of purple lines, solid, large
dashed, and small dashed, represent integration parameters which are
best explained using a diagram, shown in Figure 5-18.
Set
Detection Integration Integration
Window Start Stop
Figure 5-x shows a peak, with the three purple lines. The small dashed
line occurs prior to the peak, and is called a ‘Set Detection Window’. This
tells the analyzer how wide a peak it will be looking for when detecting
peaks. The solid line comes next, indicating the start of integration. Finally,
the large dashed line indicates the end of integration. The time distance
between the solid purple line and the large dashed purple line is identical
to the size of the detection window. Both the size of the detection window,
and the time that the integration window is set, can be changed in the
action list, but integration start and stop marks are automatically set.
Figure 5-19 shows how peak area is calculated.
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Corrected Area, which shows the raw area underneath each
peak. Clicking once more gives Off, which removes all labels
from the peaks. One more peak will return to Peak Name.
First Peak – clicking this button will immediately show a
correctly zoomed view of the first integrated and named
peak, regardless of what zoom mode the window is currently
in.
• Show Points – shows each individual data point that makes up the
chromatogram. The PLGC samples at 60 samples per second, so
there are 60 data points for every second of the chromatogram.
• Load from File – allows the user to load a previously saved
chromatogram.
• Save to File – allows the user to save the displayed chromatogram
to a *.cgm file.
• Export to CSV – allows the user to save the raw data that makes up
the chromatogram to a comma-separated values (*.csv) file that
can be opened in Microsoft Excel.
• Export to CSV (with codes) – allows the user to save the raw data
that makes up the chromatogram to a CSV file, along with action
list codes represented in hexadecimal format. This function is of
little use to the normal user, but is useful to Galvanic programmers
for debugging purposes should there be problems with a user’s
analyzer.
• Print – allows the user to print the displayed chromatogram.
• Copy to clipboard – allows the user to copy the chromatogram
image to the clipboard to paste into another application, such as
Microsoft Word.
• Update all Response Factors – a response factor is a factor that the
peak area for each identified peak is multiplied by to get a
concentration value for each component in the gas stream. The
response factors are found in the Component Table (See Section
5.5.2). This function allows the user to do a quick calibration based
on the displayed chromatogram, as it will update all response
factors in the component table based on the peak areas in the
chromatogram and the calibration gas values in the Component
Table. IMPORTANT: This function MUST only be used if the
analyzer is running on calibration gas, and should not be used as a
replacement for a proper calibration, as it is based on only a single
analysis, and does not recalculate retention times as a true
calibration cycle does (for more on Calibrations, see section 5.5.3 –
Streams).
• Display Extended Info – displays information about the raw data for
the displayed chromatogram. Useful for debugging purposes only.
• Preferences – allows the user to configure the chromatogram
display
o Show Action List Codes – toggles action list markers (not
integration start/stop marks) on/off.
o Show Inflection Points – toggles integration start/stop
markers on/off.
o Set Trace Colour – allows the user to change the colour of
the chromatogram
o Set Background Colour – allows the user to change the
colour of the background
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o Restore Default Colours – returns to default colours for
chromatogram (Red) and background (grey).
o Invert Scrolling – inverts the effect of the arrow keys on
scrolling while in zoom mode; i.e. left key scrolls right, up key
scrolls down, etc.
o Time Format – allows the user to change the time format
(except on x-axis) between seconds only and minutes:
seconds.
o Print Orientation/Print Sizing – allows the user to set print
preferences.
o Auto print on Auto store – allows the user to set the program
to automatically print every chromatogram while in Auto-
Store chromatogram mode.
5.5 Setup Applications
Double-clicking on the Setup category of the Devices tree opens up a number
of sub-categories. In the Setup category are found many applications required
for proper setup and operation of the PLGC.
5.5.1.1 Display
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simply requires changing the Set Point value in the upper right
hand corner of the screen and writing this change to the unit.
Please note, however, that changing the oven temperature will
change component retention times, which will need to be adjusted
in the Component table to ensure correct operation.
The PLGC board has four 4-20 milliamp analog outputs for data
output to data collection systems. Each analog output is individually
controlled by an output controller. A typical analog output controller
screen is shown in Figure 5-22.
For more information about the various fields in the Output Controller
windows, it is possible to right-click on any white text input field in the
Output Controller windows and choose the ‘What’s This?’ option. This
will give more information about what each field is, and links to an in-
depth PLGC Help file.
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For the PLGC, there are typically three mole weight calculators, one
calculating heating value (generally, but not always, in ideal BTU per
1000 cubic feet), one calculating specific gravity, and one calculating
compressibility. In the PLGC, the mole weight calculators tend to only
be used for the heating value applications, not for applications that only
analyze only a portion of the components in the gas, as they can only
be used for gas mixtures for which the entire composition is known.
The results from Mole Weight Calculators are based on the values for
each parameter in the component table (see Section 5.5.2 -
Components) as well as the exact composition of the gas stream.
Generally speaking, no changes should be made to the mole weight
calculators as set up from the factory without first consulting Galvanic
service staff.
Mole weight calculators are generally used only for analyzers that are
analyzing all components in a gas stream. For most analyzers that are
not measuring the complete heating value of the analyzed sample gas,
and analyzers that are measuring only one or two components (for
example, H2S) of a sample, mole weight calculators are used to output
the concentration of one component of interest on the display, as the
display can only output results from a mole weight calculator. .
5.5.2 Components
The component table is the most important input area in the entire PLGC.
The component table stores data about the names, calibration gas values,
retention times, response factors, heating values, specific gravities, and
compressibilities for every component that may be present in the analyzed
gas stream. A sample component table is shown in Figure 5-25.
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retention times, as each component has its own unique retention
time.
• Retention Time Deviation – the amount of time, in seconds, that a
peak is allowed to deviate from the set retention time for a given
component and still be identified as that component. For example,
in the sample component table, methane has a retention time of
26.95 seconds, and a deviation of 5 seconds. This means that a
peak with a retention time anywhere between 21.95 seconds and
31.95 seconds will be identified as methane. Generally speaking,
peaks that elute early in the analysis will have small retention time
deviations (± 5 seconds or less), while later peaks will have larger
deviations (± 10 seconds or more).
• Heating Value – the calorific value of each component in the gas.
These values are obtained from some accepted standard (GPA
2145, AGA 2145, ISO 6976 are the most common). Some typical
values for all components are found in the table in Appendix C. The
typical configuration for the PLGC has the heating value given as
ideal dry BTU per 1000 cubic feet, at a pressure of 14.696psi,
although figures for other conditions are available at customer
request.
• Specific Gravity – the density of each component, relative to air,
which has a specific gravity of 1.
• Compressibility – the deviation of the volume of a given component
from the volume of that component were it an ideal gas.
Below the table is a box that is entitled Calibration Gas results. It has four
boxes that show summed information for the calibration gas.
• Component Total – shows the sum of the concentrations of all
components in the gas. If this sum is not 100, normalization cannot
be used in calculations. If this sum is not 100, but the calibration
gas is supposed to have a sum of 100%, please check all entered
concentrations for errors.
• Heating Value – shows the heating value of a gas with component
concentrations as entered in the table. Reference runs (see section
5.x) using a calibration gas of this composition should produce a
value close to this heating value if the analyzer is correctly
calibrated.
• Specific Gravity – shows the specific gravity of the total calibration
gas.
• Compressibility – shows the compressibility of the total calibration
gas.
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• Delete Selected Component – allows the user to delete the
selected component.
Misusing these options has the potential to adversely affect the operation
of the PLGC, so the use of these options should only be undertaken after
consultation with Galvanic service staff. The data in the table can also be
sorted in ascending or descending order of the numerical values in the
columns. To sort the table, left-click once on the column heading of the
desired column, and the table will be sorted in ascending numerical order
based on the data in that column. To sort the column in descending order,
left-click again on the column header. By default, data in the Components
table is sorted in ascending order based on retention times. Note that the
heating value, specific gravity, and compressibility for the stream will not
be displayed correctly for most applications other than complete heating
value analysis, such as PLGCs configured to analyze H2S only, or H2S in
conjunction with a few other components, not including all of the
components in the stream.
5.5.3 Streams
The stream setup window is the window that shows how each of the
various streams to be analyzed by the PLGC is setup. This tells the
analyzer which solenoids to actuate for a given stream, what GDPs should
be written to for each stream, and what type of stream it is. A typical
stream setup window is shown in Figure 5-26.
The three types of streams defined for the PLGC are normal, calibration,
and reference.
• Normal – a normal stream is a stream that is used to analyze
sample gas, giving results that are useful for plant operations.
• Calibration – a calibration stream is a stream that is used to
calibrate the analyzer, giving new response factors and retention
times for all components, to ensure that it gives accurate results
when operating on a normal stream.
• Reference – a reference stream is a stream that is used to check
the calibration status of a PLGC. As the heating value content of a
calibration gas is a known value – the heating value for the
calibration gas is shown at the bottom of the Components window –
if the heating value obtained on the reference run does not closely
match this known value, a calibration is necessary.
The stream type is selected using the pull-down menu in the top left
corner of the Streams setup window. Below this menu is a box called
‘Minimum Purge Time’. The Minimum Purge Time is the minimum amount
of time a new stream must pass through the sample loop in the column
oven prior to starting analysis of this stream. At the bottom of the screen
are tabs that allow the user to switch between the configurations for the
streams that are installed on the PLGC. All PLGCs will have a minimum of
3 streams – at least one sample stream, a calibration stream, and a
reference stream. A stream can be renamed by right-clicking on the tab at
the bottom of the screen and selecting ‘Rename Current Stream’. Note
that changing the name of a stream requires that this information be
written to the analyzer.
The stream path is a window that shows which control points are
actuated for a given stream. Generally speaking, each individual
stream will be controlled by its own solenoid, with calibration and
reference streams usually controlled by the same solenoid.
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In Figure 5-26, an analyzer with 4 sample streams plus a reference
and a calibration stream is shown. In the Stream Path window for
Stream 1 there are four solenoids shown – the Calibration solenoid,
and Solenoids 1-4. There are a total of 8 solenoid drivers on the PLGC
Motherboard, plus the Calibration Solenoid, which means that a total of
8 streams, plus Reference and Calibration, can be analyzed by the
PLGC. The Control Points for stream control come from the Database
tab, under ‘Global Data Points Æ I/O Controls’, and are simply dragged
from the database window into the white box in the Stream Path
window. Next to each control point shown in the Stream Path window
is a check box. If there is a checkmark in this box, it means that the
given control point will be energized for that stream. For example, in
Figure 5-26, the Stream 1 Stream Path shows that Solenoid 1 is
energized, while the Calibration Solenoid, and Solenoids 2,3, and 4 are
de-energized.
The reason that all solenoids are shown in each stream is because
control points stay in a given state until they are told specifically to
change state. That is to say, if Solenoid 1 is turned on for Stream 1, it
will stay on unless the subsequent streams tell it explicitly to shut off.
Thus, each individual stream is configured to have its solenoid (or
other control point) turn on, and all other solenoids to turn off, to
ensure that only the solenoid or control point that controls a given
stream is on, and all other control points are off, when that stream is
being analyzed. Therefore, if adding a new control point for a given
stream, ensure that this control point is added to the Stream Path of all
the other streams set up on the analyzer to ensure this new control
point is explicitly shut off in all other streams.
For more detailed information on Stream Paths from the PLGC Help
File, right click anywhere on the white field under Stream Paths, and
choose the ‘What’s This?’ option.
The Component Table column means that the value associated with
the given GDP is an output of either a mole weight calculator or a
cross calculator. For this to produce correct results, if the mole weight
calculator or cross calculator is set up to use normalized values, the
To add a new global data point to the stream component field, drag the
desired GDP from the database into the Stream Components field.
Choose the desired component table column (if the new component is
a calculated output from either a mole weight calculator or a cross
calculator) or the desired component to associate with this new global
data point. To change the Component Table column or Component
associated with a given GDP, first left-click on the cell of the table to be
changed. Left-clicking again will cause a pop-up menu to appear giving
all the possible options for the Component or Component Table
column. To ensure that normalized data is associated with a given
GDP, check the normalized check box. To delete a global data point
from a stream, right click on the component to be deleted, and chose
‘Delete Row’, then write the changes to the analyzer.
For analyzers that are not measuring all components, ensure that the
Normalized checkboxes for the components are not checked;
otherwise the results entered into the GDPs will be invalid. Note the
GDP names in the Database have Stream prefixes that tell the user
which stream to associate the GDPs with. For example, stream 1
GDPs will usually be prefixed with STR 1, calibration stream GDPs will
be prefixed CAL, and reference stream GDPs will be prefixed REF.
Ensure that the GDPs are correctly associated with their streams.
Finally, it is important to make certain that each individual GDP is only
associated with a single stream – to have the same GDP associated
with more than one stream will cause invalid results to be stored in a
given GDP.
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individual streams, so each stream must be saved or loaded
individually.
Sample handling is the application that tells the PLGC how to operate. It
tells the analyzer how long the analysis is, what valves, solenoids, and
other control points to actuate during the analysis, and where to actuate
them, what analysis settings are relevant to each stream, and when to
carry out an analysis of each independent stream. There are four
subheadings under the ‘Sample Handling’ node in the Devices tab –
Analyzer Paths, Action Lists, Run Definitions, and Scheduling – and each
will be described here in detail. The 4 Sample Handling subheadings can
be accessed through tabs at the top of the Sample Handling window.
Generally, there will only be one analyzer path, with no control points
added – this is the type of Analyzer Path configuration that is shown in
Figure 5-27. At least one Analyzer Path is required to be defined for
the analyzer to work correctly. Additional paths can be added by
pressing the ‘Add Analyzer Path’ button at the bottom of the screen.
The analyzer paths can be set up by dragging control points from the
PLGC II database over into the Control Points window. As before,
when any change is made in this window, the changes must be written
to the analyzer before they take effect.
The Action List window is the heart of the PLGC II operation. Action
lists are lists of events that tell the analyzer how to run an analysis. In
this window, chromatograph valve times and integration parameters
are set that allow the analyzer to produce a chromatogram. Each entry
in an action list is known as an action list code. There are 4 columns in
the Action List window – Action, Value, @ time (sec), and Sequence.
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• Action – describes what type of action each action list code is.
There are several types of action list code, described in detail
below:
o External Controls – an external control tells the analyzer
to trigger a valve, a solenoid, or a relay at a given time
during the analysis. Any Action List Code with a pink
arrow icon in front of it ( ) is an external control.
Generally speaking, chromatograph valves (1 for a 12
minute analysis and for H2S analysis, 2 for a high speed
heating value analysis) are the only external controls in
an action list.
o Allow stream switch – allows the analyzer to switch
streams during an analysis. This allows the analyzer to
purge the sample system with the upcoming stream for a
longer period of time prior to the analysis, so this is
typically placed quite early in an analysis. The stream
that is switched to is defined either manually in the
Analysis Control window, or automatically in the
Scheduling section of Sample Handling (see Section
5.5.4.4).
o Inhibit On/Off – turns integration inhibition on or off.
When inhibit is turned on, the PLGC will not integrate any
peaks until an inhibit off action list code is triggered.
o Set Detection Window (Seconds) – allows the user to
change the width of the integration window (See Section
5.4.5 – Peak Integration). The wider the peak in the
chromatogram, the wider the Detection Window required
for accuracy and repeatability. As a result, several ‘Set
Detection Window’ actions are required during an
analysis, because not all peaks in a chromatogram have
the same width.
• Value – the value column can show one of three things; a
number, a check box, or ‘execute’. Check boxes are associated
with control points. If a control point, normally a chromatograph
valve, has its check box checked, that means that the control
point is being turned on, and if the check box is unchecked, the
control point is being turned off. Execute is used for inhibit
events, as it simply states that the inhibit on or off is being
carried out. The numbers in this column show are associated
with ‘Set Detection Windows’, and show the width, in seconds,
of each Detection Window being set.
• @ Time (seconds) – shows the time, in seconds, during an
analysis where an event occurs.
• Sequence – shows the order in which events occur, from 1 to
the highest number in the sequence.
Some streams may require a different action list to correctly carry out
an analysis, for example if the stream compositions vary significantly
from stream to stream. To add another action list, click on the ‘Add
Action List’ button at the bottom left of the Action Lists window, and a
pop-up window will appear asking for a name for the new action list.
Enter a name for the list, press OK, and a new blank action list will be
created. Action lists can be renamed later by right clicking on the tab
where the name is displayed and selecting “Rename current Action
List” from the pop-up menu. Right-clicking on the white field of the
action list brings up a pop-up menu with the following options.
• What’s This? – provides access to the help file regarding Action
Lists, including an in-depth examination of how to add actions to
an action list.
• Add New Action – allows the user to add a new action to the
action list. See Section 5.5.4.2.1 for more information as to how
to add actions to an action list.
• Print – prints the action list to the default printer.
• Load Sample Handling Configuration from File – loads a pre-
saved sample handling configuration file (*.dcsh). Note that this
will replace ALL configurations under the Sample Handling
heading – analyzer paths, action lists, run definitions, and
scheduling.
• Save Sample Handling Configuration to File – saves the Sample
Handling configuration – analyzer paths, action lists, run
definitions, and scheduling – to a *.dcsh file.
On the right hand side of the Action List window is a section with
several buttons called ‘Action Filters’. By default, ‘All’ is selected, and
this will show all the action list codes in the action list. The other
buttons filter the list to show only specific types of action list codes.
• Inhibit – shows only Inhibit On/Off events.
• Detection Gain – shows only the Set Detection Window events.
• External Control – shows only external control events, such as
chromatograph valves, relays, and solenoids.
• Stream Switch – shows only stream switch events.
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action list, right click anywhere on the action list and select “Add
New Action” from the pop-up menu. A window such as the one
shown in Figure 5-29 will appear on the screen. Choose the action
to be added and the desired action control time, and then click OK.
The new action will show up in the Action List at the appropriate
spot based on the chosen action control time. Note that the
Baseline Capture and Manual Integration action types do not work,
and should not be added to any action list. Also, note that when
‘Set Detection Window’ is chosen, an additional text box appears in
the window. In this box should be entered the desired width of the
detection window before OK is clicked. When ‘Inhibit’ is chosen,
two radio buttons, one marked ‘On’ and the other marked ‘Off’ will
appear. Select either ‘On’ or ‘Off’ prior to clicking OK.
To add an external control action to the list, simply drag the Global
Data Point (GDP) from in the ‘I/O Controls’ section of the database
for the switch from the database tree and drop it onto the action list.
A new action will be created in the action list for the control. In the
value column for the new action, specify what should happen to the
control. For relays, solenoids, and valves the value can only be
“on” or “off”. In these cases, a check box will appear in the value
To delete an action from the action list, right click on the action and
select “Delete Selected Action” from the pop-up menu. An action
can also be deleted by left-clicking on any row in the Action List
table and pressing the ‘Delete’ key on the keyboard. When an
attempt is made to delete an action list event, a confirmation dialog
box will pop up asking the user to confirm their decision to delete
the action list event. Only if ‘Yes’ is selected will the action list
event be deleted.
After making changes to the action list, click on the “Write to Unit”
button to send the new sample handling configuration (including the
action list) to the unit.
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• Run Definition Name – The name of the run definition will be
used on the Scheduling tab (see Section 5.5.4.4) to schedule
the analysis to run. The name is also used in the Analysis
Control window for manually adding a run definition to the
queue. To change the name, simply left-click on the run
definition name to be changed and type in the new name.
• Repeats – The number of repeats specifies how many times in
a row an analysis should run each time the run definition is
scheduled. This is typically 1 for all streams except for
Calibration streams, but can be modified as the user sees fit.
For Calibration streams, the number of repeats is typically 3 or
4.
• Reference Run – This applies to Calibration run definitions only.
If a reference run is selected in a Calibration run definition, the
analyzer will automatically carry out a reference run
immediately after completing the Calibration run. This is one
way to check the validity of the calibration immediately after it is
completed, but reference runs can also be scheduled
separately in the Scheduling tab.
• At Start – The At Start column allows the user to set up
notification that a certain stream is being analyzed. This
notification can be either through a specific GDP or an external
control such as a relay, which could cause a light in the control
room to turn on. Clicking on any cell in the ‘At Start will bring up
the dialog box shown in Figure 5-31.
5.5.4.4 Scheduling
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The run definitions that are listed and checked in the normal
sequence will repeat in order indefinitely until some directive, such
as an external trigger or manual analysis initiation, tells the
analyzer to analyze some other stream. Items in the Normal
Sequence that do not have the ‘Enabled’ checkbox checked will not
run as part of the normal sequence. To add a run definition to the
normal sequence, right click on the normal sequence table, or
somewhere within the large white box, and choose “Add Item to
Normal Sequence” from the pop-up menu. A new row will be
added to the table. Click in the run definition cell to open a drop-
down list of the available run definitions and select the desired run
definition for the normal sequence item. An item can be removed
from the normal sequence without being deleted simply by
unchecking the “Enabled” checkbox. To delete a single row, right
click on the row to select it and show the pop-up menu. Choose
“Delete Current Normal Sequence Item” from the menu. Several
unused normal sequence items can be deleted at once by choosing
“Delete All Disabled Normal Sequence Items” from the grid’s pop-
up menu. As before, any changes made in this window must be
written to the unit to take effect.
First, add a row by right clicking on the grid and selecting “Add New
Row” from the pop-up menu. A new row will be added to the grid.
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5.5.4.4.3 Timed Interval
The serial ports section of the PLGC software allows the user to change
how the serial ports operate. There are three types of serial ports – one
5.5.6 Modbus
Archive Setup is the section of the software where the user can configure
the archives, telling the analyzer what data and Global Data Point values
to store in archives for reading in the Archive Reader (Section 5.4.2). The
archive setup window is shown in Figure 5-36. The archive setup window
is dominated by a table with 8 columns. The last four columns, which
reference alarms, do not currently work as the alarm feature for GDPs has
not yet been incorporated into the software. The first column simply shows
the Item Number, which is just the sequence of the Global Data Points in
the archive. The second shows the Global Data Points that will be stored
in a given archive. The third is titled Absolute Change Trigger. If the
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checkbox is checked for any one GDP in this column, this will cause a
record to be added to the whole archive when the condition in the
following column, Absolute Change Amount, is met.
For an absolute change trigger to work, the value of the given GDP must
change by an amount greater than or equal to the number in the Absolute
Change Amount column. It is recommended that there be no more than
one Absolute Change Trigger set in each archive, as this may result in
discrepant data in the archive. Also, because the absolute change trigger
causes a full record of all GDPs in the given Archive to be taken when the
Absolute Change Amount condition is met, there is no need for multiple
absolute change triggers in a single archive. Absolute Change Triggers
are best used to store results from every single analysis into the archive.
Below the table is a box marked Maximum Records for this Archive. This
allows the user to set how many records can be added to a given archive
before the data rolls over and starts overwriting older data. This value can
be any whole number greater than or equal to one, as long as the whole
archive does not exceed the total storage space on the analyzer. Storage
space is represented by the green bar at the bottom of the page. The
whole bar represents the total storage space in the analyzer, the green
box outlined in yellow shows the storage space taken up by the selected
archive, and the green boxes outlined in black show the storage space
taken up by all other archives stored in the analyzer’s memory. Directly
beside the ‘Maximum Records for this Archive’ box is a rectangular button.
For Absolute Change Trigger recorded archives, this box is blank.
However, for set-frequency stored archives, this button will indicate the
amount of time that it will take to collect the given number of records.
Clicking on this button will show this time period in various formats.
Beside the ‘Maximum Records for this Archive’ box is a small table with
the headings Frequency, Time, Day, and Month. This table allows the user
to set up a set frequency for records to be added to the archive. The first
box, frequency, has several options accessible through a pull-down menu.
• None – for archives that will collect data through the use of
absolute change triggers.
• Hourly – to store data in an archive every hour.
• Daily – to store data in an archive every day.
• Weekly – to store data in an archive every week.
• Monthly – to store data in an archive every month
• Yearly – to store data in an archive every year.
• Other – to store data in an archive at some other set interval.
This interval is set in the box below, entitled ‘Other Fixed
Interval’. This can be set to any number of hours, minutes,
and seconds.
The next cells in the table allow the user to enter in the time for recording
the archive (for daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly archives), the day (for
weekly, monthly, and yearly archives - for weekly archives this will be a
day of the week, for monthly and yearly archives it will be a date), and the
month (for yearly archives). The time can be typed in by the user, while
the day and month cells each contain a pull-down menu to make
selections.
At the bottom of the window are buttons that allow the user to either add
or delete archives. If a new archive is added, the user is prompted to enter
a name for the new archive, and then a blank archive screen appears. To
add GDPs to the archive, simply drag them from the Database-Additional
GDPs node into the archive window. To drag the Current Value of a GDP
into the archive, simply click on the GDP name in the Database and drag it
over into the archive. To drag hourly, daily, or monthly trends (averages,
maxima, minima) for any GDP into the archive, simply expand the GDP
node to find the trend values and drag the desired trend value into the
archive. Please note that, for best results, hourly, daily, and monthly
trends should be kept in separate archives with hourly, daily, and monthly
recording frequencies.
Once a new archive contains all the desired GDPs, it must be written to
the analyzer. If changes are made to an existing archive definition, the
confirmation box shown in Figure 5-37 appears before the new archive is
written to the unit.
5-74
Figure 5-37: Confirm Archive Definition Change
The Process Monitor is a window that shows all of the processes that are
installed on the PLGC. The process monitor is accessed by clicking the
button that is found in the rows of buttons at the top of the screen. The
Process Monitor is shown in Figure 5-38.
Most of the information present in the process monitor is valuable only for
debugging purposes. However, it is useful to see a) which processes are
running, and b) what the revision numbers of all the processes are. The
column marked ‘State’ shows the current state of a process. The possible
states are as follows:
• Blocked/Running – the process is running normally.
• Terminated – the process has been ‘killed’.
• Pending – the process is a newly installed process that needs to be
started.
Right-clicking on a process that is marked ‘Blocked’ or ‘Running’ will bring
up a menu with only one option – ‘Kill Current Process’. Selecting this
option will cause the process to be killed or ‘terminated’, and the State of
the process in the process monitor will be updated to reflect this fact. The
only reason to terminate a process is if the process is suspected to be
malfunctioning in some way. For example, if the LCD display on the front
of the PLGC is observed to freeze up, terminating and restarting the
Display process may un-freeze the display. If a ‘Terminated’ process is
right-clicked, another menu will be brought up. This menu will have two
options – ‘Remove Current Process’ or ‘Restart Current Process’. Do NOT
select the Remove option, but instead restart the process. IMPORTANT:
Terminating and/or removing processes will cause the PLGC to stop
working correctly. Only terminate a process if it seems to be
malfunctioning, and immediately restart it.
Factory mode is the mode in the PLGC software that allows the user to
make changes to the firmware on the PLGC. To enter factory mode, click
on the ‘Tools’ menu at the top of the screen, and select ‘Factory’ mode. A
password is required to enter factory mode – by default this is ‘fact’. Once
in factory mode, the user can make changes to the firmware that allows
the PLGC to operate. To add or replace processes, click the Update
Firmware ( ) button at the top of the screen – this will bring up a pop-up
window such as the one shown in Figure 5-39.
5-76
Compare the Revision number of all the processes in the ‘Update
Firmware’ window with the revision number of all the processes in the
Process monitor. If there are any processes in the Process Monitor that
have lower numbers than those in the Update Firmware window, these
processes will need to be updated. Select the process to update in the
Update Firmware window by left-clicking on it, and select the ‘Replace
Existing Process’ option in the Update Option box. Then press the ‘Update
Firmware’ button. A window asking which process to replace will appear,
as shown in Figure 5-40.
Ensure that the name of the process being replaced is the same as the
name of the process being written. The new firmware will then be written
to the analyzer. The updated process then needs to be started, so return
to the Process Monitor. Find the process with the ‘Pending’ state, right-
click on this process, and select ‘Start Current Process’.
To add a new process, select the new Firmware to be added to the PLGC
and choose the ‘Add New Process’ option in the Update Firmware
window. The new process then needs to be started in the Process
Monitor, as before. Before a new process can be seen and configured in
the Devices tree on the left side of the screen, the user must log off and
then log back in to the analyzer. Typically, the only processes that may
need to be added to a PLGC once it has been configured at the factory
may be more Mole Weight Calculators or Cross Calculators, for things
such as Wobbe Index or Real BTU calculations.
Real BTU is a measure of the real BTU content of natural gas. The BTU
content values in the component table are based on the assumption that
the gas in the pipeline behaves as an ideal gas. However, as the
behaviour of all gases varies from the behaviour of ideal gases to some
degree, the actual BTU content of the gas in a gas stream is slightly
different than the calculated ideal BTU value. The variance between the
volume of an ideal gas and that of a real gas at a given temperature and
pressure is known as the compressibility factor. The following instructions
will let the user set up the PLGC to calculate both Compressibility Factor
and Real BTU. These instructions assume that the Components Table
contains only columns for the Heating Value and Specific Gravity.
5-78
11. Go to the third 'Unknown Process Name' mole weight Calculator.
Call this 'Calculation Factor'. Assign the Analysis Thread ID, select
Calculation Factor for the Component Table Column, and again
ensure that the Normalize box is checked. Write this update to the
analyzer.
12. Select the 'Database' tab on the bottom of the directory tree. Select
the 'Global Data Points' node, and under this node, select
'Additional GDPs'. Right click and select 'Create new Global Data
Point' on the pull down menu. Give this GDP the name 'STR 1
Summation', and click OK.
13. Repeat step 12 5 more times, giving the GDPs the following names
– STR 1 Z Calculation, STR 1 Calculation Factor, STR 1 Base
Pressure, STR 1 Compressibility, and STR 1 Real BTU. Press the
Write To Unit button to upload the changes to the database to the
unit.
14. Repeat steps 12 and 13 two more times, replacing STR 1 with REF
and CAL as the prefix for each GDP.
15. Repeat Steps 12 and 13 for any additional streams on the analyzer
– replacing the STR 1 prefix with STR 2, STR 3, etc.
16. Return to the 'Devices' tab, and select 'Cross Calculators' under the
Setup-Support Apps nodes - there should be 2 'Unknown Process
Name' listed.
17. Select the first Cross Calculator. Give it the name 'Z Factor
Calculation'. At the top right of the screen will be a boxed in set of
pull down menus with the title 'Calculation'. From the first pull down
menu, select Summation. Ensure the 'Normalized' box is checked.
Press the button beside the second pull down menu until a
multiplication sign is seen. From the second pull down menu, select
Summation. Ensure it's normalized. Push the button beside the 3rd
pull down menu until it shows a multiplication sign, and select 'Base
Pressure' from the 3rd pull down menu. Check the Normalized box.
Make sure the 4th pull down menu says 'Disabled'. Write these
changes to the unit.
18. Select the second cross calculator. Give it the name 'Real BTU'. In
the Calculation box, select 'Cross-Calculator (Thread ID XX)' in the
first pull down menu. To determine the thread ID of the Z-Factor
Calculation cross calculator, right-click on the Z Factor Cross
Calculator in the Devices tree, and choose ‘Details’ from the pop-up
menu. An information window such as the one shown in Figure 5-
41 will appear. The Thread ID is seen as the fourth entry under the
heading ‘Information from Unit’.
19. Press the button left of the second pull down menu until the
addition sign is seen. Select Z Factor from the second pull down
menu. Press the button left of the third pull down menu until the
multiplication sign is seen. Select 'Heating Value' (or whatever your
BTU Mole Weight Calculator is called) from the third pull down
menu. Again, ensure the Normalized check box is checked beside
all three pull down menus, and that the fourth pull down menu says
'Disabled'. Write changes to the unit.
20. Select the third cross-calculator. Give it the name ‘Compressibility’.
In the Calculation box, select ‘Calculation Factor’ in the first pull
down menu. Press the button left of the second pull down menu
until the subtraction sign is seen. Select ‘Cross Calculator (Thread
ID XX)’ in the second pull down menu. There will be two Cross
Calculators to choose from – the correct Thread ID can be
determined by right-clicking on the Z-Factor Cross Calculator in the
Devices tree and bringing up the Thread Information Window, as
shown in Figure 5-41. Ensure that the Normalized check box is
checked beside both of these pull down menus, and ensure that the
third and fourth pull down menus say ‘Disabled’. Write changes to
the unit.
21. Log off, then log back on to the PLGC, again choosing Update
mode.
22. Under the Setup node in the directory tree, select 'Streams'.
23. Return to the Database tab, and go back to the 'Additional GDPs'
node.
24. Drag the 'STR 1 Summation' GDP over to the Stream 1
Components table, and choose ‘Summation Factors' from the pull
5-80
down menu in the 'Component Table Column' column of the table.
Check the 'Normalized' check box.
25. Repeat Step 23 for the STR 1 Calculation Factor, STR 1 Z-factor
Calculation, STR 1 Base Pressure, STR 1 Compressibility, and
STR 1 Real BTU GDPs, ensuring that these are all normalized.
Write changes to the unit.
26. Repeat Steps 23 and 24 for the Reference (REF), Calibration (CAL)
and any additional sample streams, such as Stream 2 (STR 2),
Stream 3 (STR 3), etc.
27. To output Real BTU to an analog output, under the Setup-Support
Apps-Output Controllers node, select the analog output that is
currently outputting the ideal heating value. Drag the desired
stream’s ‘Real BTU' GDP to the 'Send this Value...' box, and write
changes to the unit. The analog output will now be outputting real
BTU rather than ideal BTU.
28. To output Real BTU to the archive, go to the Setup-Archive Setup
node in the directory tree. Press the 'Add Archive' button, and call
the archive 'Real BTU'. Drag any or all stream’s 'Real BTU' GDP
over to the box, and select the checkbox marked 'Absolute Change
Trigger'. In the box to the right, marked 'Absolute Change Amount',
type in 0.0001. Near the bottom of the screen will be a box marked
'Maximum Records for this Archive'. Type in however many
readings of Real BTU you want to store on the analyzer. In the pull
down menu below the word 'Frequency', choose 'None'. Write
Changes to the analyzer.
29. To output Compressibility to an analog output or archive, follow
step 27 or 28 for the Compressibility GDP.
3. Press the button to the left of the second pull-down menu until an icon
indicating the operation ‘divided by the square root of’ is seen. In the
pull-down menu, choose Specific Gravity. Again, make sure that the
normalized checkbox is checked. Write changes to the unit.
4. In the database, add GDPs for Wobbe Index in all streams – i.e. STR 1
Wobbe Index, STR 2 Wobbe Index… CAL Wobbe Index, REF Wobbe
Index. Write the database changes to the unit.
5. Drag the Wobbe Index GDPs into their respective streams, and choose
‘Wobbe Index’ in the ‘Component Table Column’ column of the
Components section of the streams window. Ensure that this is
normalized in all streams. Write changes to the unit.
6. Create an archive or archives for Wobbe Index as per Step 28 of
section 5.6.2. Output Wobbe index to the Analog Outputs as per Step
27 of section 5.6.2.
5-82
Section 6
6 Maintenance
This section describes simple maintenance procedures that may be carried out in
the field. If difficulty is encountered performing any of the maintenance
procedures outlined in this section, technical assistance may be obtained from:
Your PLGC II gas chromatograph will provide reliable service with very
little attention. However, a weekly check-up will ensure that the analyzer
is operating according to specifications. The Weekly Check-up Report
(Section 6.9) should be filled in, dated and kept on file. These reports will
give a record of the analyzer's performance and will be useful in planning
gas bottle replacement schedules as well as in troubleshooting. Flows and
pressures are also recorded and should be adjusted as specified in the
Configuration Report. The column temperature and baseline reading
should also be recorded. If any of the diagnostic parameters are incorrect
6-84
Valve fittings
(numbered 1 – 10)
Mounting holes
Clamping screw
Notes
Remember which connections were made to which ports. Also
undo the air actuation line. This procedure also applies to 6-port
valves, if the analyzer is equipped with such valves.
6-86
Part # Qty Description
AF1652 1 BRACKET, VALCO VALVE
AF1667 1 HEATER, ASSEMBLY
BA0071 1 FLOWMETER
BA1282 2 24VDC LOW POWER SOLENOID
BA1587 1 RTD
BA1589 1 LONG COLUMN
BA1590 1 TCD C/W THERMISTORS
BA1592 1 10 PORT VALVE
BA1665 1 SHORT COLUMN
1 GC XP ENCLOSURE
MC1653 1 BRACKET, TCD
PT2044 1 MICRO PLGC II BOARD
PT2127 1 TCD EXCITATION BOARD
PT2131 1 I2C LCD DRIVER BOARD
PT2133 1 I2C RECEIVER & LCD BOARD
BA1883 1 COIL CABLE
MA2182 1 PLGC II PRODUCT MANUAL
SA0618 1 I.S. Barrier
Table 6-2: PLGC II Class 1, Div 1 Parts List (XP Version)
Do not adjust the helium pressure, as this will cause the retention times of
the components to shift
Date: _______________
Checked By: _______________
Analyzer Serial Number: _______________
Helium
Diagnostics
Column Temperature: __________°C
Baseline Reading __________mV
No flow when Cal. Is Solenoid does not Check that there is 24VDC at
initiated. energize solenoid. Check that solenoid is
wired to connector P5 terminals
1 and 2. If the solenoid still does
not energize, replace solenoid.
7-90
Section 8
Appendix A: Theory of Gas Chromatography
Time = t2
Time = t3
8-92
The Thermal Conductivity Detector consists of four spiral wound filament wires
supported inside cavities in a metal block. A constant DC current is applied to the
filaments, which are arranged in a Wheatstone bridge configuration. When pure
carrier and reference gas are flowing across the filaments, the heat loss, and
thus filament temperature, is constant. This consistent filament temperature
produces a constant filament resistance. The currents in the electronic bridge
can be balanced to produce a zero signal level as a reference.
When a specific component enters the TCD with the carrier, the heat dissipated
from the filaments on the measured side changes. The amount of change is
dependent on the thermal conductivity of the gas, which is different for every
component in the sample. This change in heat dissipation causes a change in
electrical resistance, which leads to an imbalance in the electronic bridge. The
resulting electrical signal is then used in conjunction with a Response Factor (see
Appendix B) to measure the concentration of the component. Figure 8-3 shows
an example of the TCD filament configuration.
Peak
Baseline
tM - dead time: time for non-retained species to move through the column.
VM - dead volume: volume of mobile phase in the column.
tR - retention time: the time it takes a component band to completely travel
through the column. Each component will have a characteristic retention time.
VR - retention volume - the volume of gas that passes through the column
between the point of injection and the peak maximum of the component.
A - peak area - response is proportional to the concentration of the component.
h - peak height - the distance between the peak maximum and the baseline
geometrically produced beneath the peak.
8-94
Section 9
Appendix B: Definitions and Formulas
Definition of Terms
There are several terms used in this manual that the user should become familiar
with.
Formulas for the response factor, as well as other calculations performed by the
PLGC II, are as follows:
9-96
Response Factor
While in the calibration mode the analyzer will measure several runs of the
calibration standard. An average response factor will be calculated as shown in
Definition of Terms. The response factor is used to calculate the concentration of
the components in a run as shown below:
Concn = RFn * Arean
Heating Values
Dry BTU
The energy content of the gas in BTU / cubic foot is calculated as
follows:
Dry BTU / ft3 = ΣPn=1 [Concn * BTU / ft3n] / 100
Where: Dry BTU / ft3 = Dry BTU content per cubic foot of sample gas
Concn = Normalized concentration of component
BTU/ft3n = BTU value of component n
P = Number of components in the analysis
Saturated BTU
Sat BTU / ft3 = Dry BTU / ft3 x 0.9826
Where: Sat BTU /ft3 = Saturated BTU content per cubic foot of sample gas
Dry BTU /ft3 = Dry BTU content per cubic foot of sample gas
Wobbe Index
The Wobbe index is calculated as follows
9-98
Section 10
Appendix C: Typical Parameters of Natural Gas
Components
GPA Parameters
GPA 2145-03
14.696 psia 60 F
Summation
Component Dry BTU Constant S.G. Factor
Nitrogen 0 0.96723 0.00442
Methane 1010 0.55392 0.0116
Carbon Dioxide 0 1.51960 0.0195
Ethane 1769.7 1.03820 0.0238
Propane 2516.2 1.52260 0.0349
iso-Butane 3252.0 2.00680 0.0444
n-Butane 3262.4 2.00680 0.0471
iso-Pentane 4000.9 2.49120 0.0572
n-Pentane 4008.7 2.49120 0.0603
C6+ 5276.5 3.3132 0.09305
Hydrogen Sulphide 637.11 1.1769 0.0242
The BTU value of the C6+ peak should reflect the composition of the
sample. Several standard compositions are shown.
2.9755 3.4598 3.9441
4755.9 5502.5 6248.9
C6 C7 C8 BTU S.G. Summation Factor
1.00000 0.00000 0.00000 4756.0 2.9755 0.0792
0.47466 0.35340 0.17194 5276.5 3.3132 0.09305
0.50000 0.50000 0.00000 5129.2 3.2177 0.08725
0.50000 0.25000 0.25000 5315.8 3.3387 0.093775
0.57143 0.28572 0.14285 5182.5 3.2522 0.089828
NOTE: The Summation Factors are identical in the AGA and GPA Standards,
and are independent of the Base Pressure (14.696psia, 14.73psia).
AGA Parameters
AGA 2145-00
14.696 psia 60 F AGA 2145-00
14.73 psia 60 F
Component Dry BTU Constant S.G.
Component Dry BTU Constant S.G.
Argon 0.00 1.3793
Argon 0.00 1.3825
Carbon Dioxide 0.00 1.5196
Carbon Dioxide 0.00 1.5231
Ethane 1769.70 1.0382
Hydrogen Ethane 1773.79 1.0406
Sulphide 637.13 1.1767 Hydrogen
Sulphide 638.60 1.1794
Helium 0.00 0.1382
Helium 0.00 0.1385
Heptane 5502.60 3.4598
Heptane 5515.33 3.4678
Hexane 4756.00 2.9755
Hexane 4767.00 2.9824
Hydrogen 324.20 0.0696
Hydrogen 324.95 0.0698
Carbon Monoxide 320.50 0.9671
Carbon Monoxide 321.24 0.9693
i-Butane 3251.90 2.0068
i-Butane 3259.42 2.0114
i-Pentane 4000.90 2.4912
i-Pentane 4010.16 2.4970
Methane 1010.00 0.5539
Methane 1012.34 0.5552
n-Butane 3262.40 2.0068
n-Butane 3269.95 2.0114
neo-Pentane 3985.00 2.4912
neo-Pentane 3994.22 2.4970
Nitrogen 0.00 0.9672
Nitrogen 0.00 0.9695
n-Pentane 4008.70 2.4912
n-Pentane 4017.97 2.4970
Octane 6248.80 3.9441
Octane 6263.26 3.9532
Nonane 6996.20 4.4284
Nonane 7012.39 4.4386
Decane 7742.90 4.9127
Decane 7760.81 4.9241
Ethylene 1600.40 0.9686
Ethylene 1604.10 0.9708
Propylene 2333.70 1.4529
Propylene 2339.10 1.4563
Propane 2516.20 1.5225
Propane 2522.02 1.5260
10-100
Section 11
Appendix D: Valco 6 and 10 Port Valve Technical
Information
11-102
Valve Maintenance Instructions
11-104
Section 12
Appendix E: PLGC II Specifications
Class 1, Division 2, Groups B,C and D model
Range 0 - 1 to 0 - 100 %
Components 16 Maximum
Response 15 Minutes to C6+
Linearity 1%
Repeatability 1%
Operating Temperature 0 to 50° C (60°C Oven, Continuous Operation)
Max. Operating Temp. 50°C (Continuous Operation)
Humidity Maximum relative humidity 80% for temperatures up
to 31°C and decreasing linearly to 50% RH at 40°C
(Continuous Operation)
10%-90% (Intermittent Operation)
Altitude 2000 metres
Electrical Ratings 24 Volts DC @ 60 Watts
Class 1 Div 2 Groups B,C and D
Temperature Code T3
Outputs 240X64 Line Backlit LCD
3 - Alarms (SPDT 5 Amps, 120 VAC)
1 - Fault (SPDT 5 Amps, 120 VAC)
4 - 4-20 mA (User selectable)
32 - additional isolated 4-20 mA outputs (optional)
3 - Modbus / Configuration port (2 RS 232, 1 RS 485)
A/D 3 - 24 Bit Sigma Delta
Sampling 60 HZ
Valve(s) Valco Model DV22 10-port / Model DV22 6-port
Columns See Configuration Report for details
Dimensions 14” H X 12” W X 8” D
Weight 50 pounds
Utilities 60 psig UHP Helium @ 10 cc/min
Sample 10 to 100 PSI Clean, Dry gas @ 50 cc/min
Pollution Degree 2
Installation Category II
Calibration Typical calibration gas.
Nitrogen 2.5 %
Methane Balance
Carbon Dioxide 0.5 %
Ethane 5.0 %
Propane 1.0 %
iso-Butane 0.3 %
n-Butane 0.3 %
iso-Pentane 0.2 %
n-Pentane 0.2 %
n-Hexane 0.1 %
Class 1, Division 1, Groups ,C and D model (Explosion Proof)
Range 0 - 1 to 0 - 100 %
Components 16 Maximum
Response 15 Minutes to C6+
Linearity 1%
Repeatability 1%
Operating Temperature 0 to 50°C (Continuous Operation)
Max. Operating Temp. 50°C (Continuous Operation)
Humidity Maximum relative humidity 80% for temperatures up
to 31°C and decreasing linearly to 50% RH at 40°C
(Continuous Operation)
10%-90% (Intermittent Operation)
Altitude 2000 metres maximum
Electrical 110/220 VAC, 5 amps
Class 1 Div 1 Groups C and D
Temperature Code T3
Outputs 240/64 Line Backlit LCD
3 - Alarms (SPDT 5 Amps, 120 VAC)
1 - Fault (SPDT 5 Amps, 120 VAC)
4 - 4-20 mA
32 - additional isolated 4-20 mA outputs (optional)
3 - ModBus / Configuration port (2 RS 232, 1 RS 485)
A/D 3 - 24 Bit Sigma Delta
Sampling 60 HZ
Valve(s) Valco Model DV22 10-port / Model DV22 6-port
Columns See Configuration Report for details
Dimensions 30” H X 16” W X 9” D
Weight 70 pounds
Utilities 60 psig UHP Helium @ 10 cc/min
Sample 10 to 100 PSI Clean, Dry gas @ 50 cc/min
Pollution Degree 2
Installation Category II
Calibration Typical calibration gas.
Nitrogen 2.5 %
Methane Balance
Carbon Dioxide 0.5 %
Ethane 5.0 %
Propane 1.0 %
iso-Butane 0.3 %
n-Butane 0.3 %
iso-Pentane 0.2 %
n-Pentane 0.2 %
n-Hexane 0.1%
12-106
Revision 8b 12-107 11/10/2005