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Exercise 07
Exercise 07
Exercise 07
Exercise 7
WiSe 2018/19
Overview
Repetition
Requirements on shape functions
Continuous shape functions
Piecewise defined shape functions
Quality of the approximation
Task 1
2 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Requirements on shape functions
3 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Requirements on shape functions
3 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Requirements on shape functions
3 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Requirements on shape functions
3 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Continuous shape functions
Up to now we only considered shape functions which were valid on the whole
domain. This kind of shape functions has the following properties:
4 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Continuous shape functions
Up to now we only considered shape functions which were valid on the whole
domain. This kind of shape functions has the following properties:
• The continuity requirement is easy to fulfill
4 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Continuous shape functions
Up to now we only considered shape functions which were valid on the whole
domain. This kind of shape functions has the following properties:
• The continuity requirement is easy to fulfill
• Fulfillment of complex boundaries is very difficult
4 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Continuous shape functions
Up to now we only considered shape functions which were valid on the whole
domain. This kind of shape functions has the following properties:
• The continuity requirement is easy to fulfill
• Fulfillment of complex boundaries is very difficult
• The integrals over the whole domain to calculate the matrix K and the vector r
are numerically complicated
4 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Continuous shape functions
Up to now we only considered shape functions which were valid on the whole
domain. This kind of shape functions has the following properties:
• The continuity requirement is easy to fulfill
• Fulfillment of complex boundaries is very difficult
• The integrals over the whole domain to calculate the matrix K and the vector r
are numerically complicated
• The matrix K and the vector r become full, which makes solving the linear
equation system Ka = r numerically expensive
4 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Continuous shape functions
Up to now we only considered shape functions which were valid on the whole
domain. This kind of shape functions has the following properties:
•The continuity requirement is easy to fulfill
• Fulfillment of complex boundaries is very difficult
• The integrals over the whole domain to calculate the matrix K and the vector r
are numerically complicated
• The matrix K and the vector r become full, which makes solving the linear
equation system Ka = r numerically expensive
As one can see, that continuous shape functions have some serious disadvantages
especially for complex domains/boundaries.
4 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Piecewise defined shape functions
5 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Piecewise defined shape functions
We define now for each element the shape function separately by setting the value
of the shape function to zero outside of the element. This means we only have to
integrate over the elements and not any more over the whole domain.
5 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Piecewise defined shape functions
We define now for each element the shape function separately by setting the value
of the shape function to zero outside of the element. This means we only have to
integrate over the elements and not any more over the whole domain. It holds
Z Z
Kij = NiL(Nj ) dΩ = NiL(Nj ) dΩ
Ω Ω̄ij
5 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Piecewise defined shape functions
We define now for each element the shape function separately by setting the value
of the shape function to zero outside of the element. This means we only have to
integrate over the elements and not any more over the whole domain. It holds
Z Z
Kij = NiL(Nj ) dΩ = NiL(Nj ) dΩ
Ω Ω̄ij
5 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Piecewise defined shape functions
Example
We consider a one-dimensional domain [0, l] with Mn elements and Mn + 1 nodes.
x1 x2 x3 x4 x5
0 e e2 e3 e4 l
1
6 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Piecewise defined shape functions
Example
For piecewise constant shape functions follows in
e
each element e
i j
û = aeNee = ae in Ωe 1
where N e = 1 in element e and otherwise N e = 0 0 Ne
holds.
7 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Piecewise defined shape functions
Example
For piecewise constant shape functions follows in
e
each element e
i j
û = aeNee = ae in Ωe 1
where N e = 1 in element e and otherwise N e = 0 0 Ne
holds.
7 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
8 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
• Better choice of shape functions (more suitable for the problem; higher order)
8 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
• Better choice of shape functions (more suitable for the problem; higher order)
• Raise the number of elements
8 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
• Better choice of shape functions (more suitable for the problem; higher order)
• Raise the number of elements
• Combination of both
8 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
Example
3
9 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
0.015
Displacement
0.01
0.005
Analytical
FEM
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Length
10 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
0.015
Displacement
0.01
0.005
Analytical
FEM
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Length
10 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
0.015
Displacement
0.01
0.005
Analytical
FEM
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Length
10 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
0.015
Displacement
0.01
0.005
Analytical
FEM
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Length
10 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
0.015
Displacement
0.01
0.005
Analytical
FEM
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Length
10 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
0.015
Displacement
0.01
0.005
Analytical
FEM
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Length
11 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
0.015
Displacement
0.01
0.005
Analytical
FEM
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Length
11 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
0.015
Displacement
0.01
0.005
Analytical
FEM
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Length
11 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
0.015
Displacement
0.01
0.005
Analytical
FEM
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Length
11 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
Example (Combination)
0.015
Displacement
0.01
0.005
Analytical
FEM
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Length
12 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
Example (Combination)
0.015
Displacement
0.01
0.005
Analytical
FEM
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Length
12 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
Example (Combination)
0.015
Displacement
0.01
0.005
Analytical
FEM
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Length
12 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Quality of the approximation
Example (Combination)
0.015
Displacement
0.01
0.005
Analytical
FEM
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Length
12 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Overview
Repetition
Requirements on shape functions
Continuous shape functions
Piecewise defined shape functions
Quality of the approximation
Task 1
13 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Consider a linear-elastic bar. Calculate the approximate displacement û(x) for the
following loads and boundary conditions
q0
A) q(x) = x
(l 1) u(0) = 0 and u′ (l) = 0
q0 for 0 ≤ x ≤ l/2 F
2) u(0) = 0 and u′ (l) = EA
B) q(x) =
−2q0 for l/2 < x ≤ l
l
Divide the domain into the elements of length 3 and use piecewise linear shape
functions and the Galerkin method.
14 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Consider a linear-elastic bar. Calculate the approximate displacement û(x) for the
following loads and boundary conditions
q0
A) q(x) = x
(l 1) u(0) = 0 and u′ (l) = 0
q0 for 0 ≤ x ≤ l/2 F
2) u(0) = 0 and u′ (l) = EA
B) q(x) =
−2q0 for l/2 < x ≤ l
l
Divide the domain into the elements of length 3 and use piecewise linear shape
functions and the Galerkin method.
2
∂ u
Note: EA ∂x 2 = −q(x)
14 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
We start with the calculation of the piecewise defined shape functions
15 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
We start with the calculation of the piecewise defined shape functions
e1 e2 e3
N1
0
N2
0
N3
0
N4
0
15 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
We start with the calculation of the piecewise defined shape functions
(
1 − 3 x for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 l e1 e2 e3
l 3
N1 (x) =
0 else
1
N1
0
N2
0
N3
0
N4
0
15 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
We start with the calculation of the piecewise defined shape functions
(
1 − 3 x for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 l e1 e2 e3
l 3
N1 (x) =
0 else
1
3
lx for 0 ≤ x ≤ 13 l N1
N2 (x) = 2 − 3l x for 31 l ≤ x ≤ 23 l
0
0 else 1
N2
0
N3
0
N4
0
15 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
We start with the calculation of the piecewise defined shape functions
(
1 − 3 x for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 l e1 e2 e3
l 3
N1 (x) =
0 else
1
3
lx for 0 ≤ x ≤ 13 l N1
N2 (x) = 2 − 3l x for 31 l ≤ x ≤ 23 l
0
0 else 1
3
N2
lx − 1
for 31 l ≤ x ≤ 23 l 0
N3 (x) = 3 − 3l x for 32 l ≤ x ≤ l 1
0 else N3
0
N4
0
15 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
We start with the calculation of the piecewise defined shape functions
(
1 − 3 x for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 l e1 e2 e3
l 3
N1 (x) =
0 else
1
3
lx for 0 ≤ x ≤ 13 l N1
N2 (x) = 2 − 3l x for 31 l ≤ x ≤ 23 l
0
0 else 1
3
N2
lx − 1
for 31 l ≤ x ≤ 23 l 0
N3 (x) = 3 − 3l x for 32 l ≤ x ≤ l 1
0 else N3
0
(
3 2
l
x−2 for 3
l ≤x≤l
N4 (x) = 1
0 else N4
0
15 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
The equation system Ka = r for the weighted residual approach is known from
last exercise.
Z n
! Z
X
Wi L aj Nj dΩ = − Wi [L (u0) + p] dΩ i = 1, 2, ..., n
Ω j=1 Ω
16 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
The equation system Ka = r for the weighted residual approach is known from
last exercise. For the weights in case of the Galerkin method holds Wi = Ni:
Z n
! Z
X
Wi L aj Nj dΩ = − Wi [L (u0) + p] dΩ i = 1, 2, ..., n
Ω j=1 Ω
Z n
! Z
X
Ni L aj Nj dΩ = − Ni [L (u0) + p] dΩ i = 1, 2, ..., n
Ω j=1 Ω
16 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
The equation system Ka = r for the weighted residual approach is known from
last exercise. For the weights in case of the Galerkin method holds Wi = Ni:
Z n
! Z
X
Wi L aj Nj dΩ = − Wi [L (u0) + p] dΩ i = 1, 2, ..., n
Ω j=1 Ω
Z n
! Z
X
Ni L aj Nj dΩ = − Ni [L (u0) + p] dΩ i = 1, 2, ..., n
Ω j=1 Ω
2
d
Reformulating and inserting of our problems p = q, L = EA dx 2 , u0 = 0 leads for
the element between xe and xe+1 to
xe+1 ! xe+1
Z n
X Z
Ni EA aj Nj′′ dx = − Ni q dx i = 1, 2, ..., n
xe j=1 xe
16 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
The equation system Ka = r for the weighted residual approach is known from
last exercise. For the weights in case of the Galerkin method holds Wi = Ni:
Z n
! Z
X
Wi L aj Nj dΩ = − Wi [L (u0) + p] dΩ i = 1, 2, ..., n
Ω j=1 Ω
Z n
! Z
X
Ni L aj Nj dΩ = − Ni [L (u0) + p] dΩ i = 1, 2, ..., n
Ω j=1 Ω
2
d
Reformulating and inserting of our problems p = q, L = EA dx 2 , u0 = 0 leads for
the element between xe and xe+1 to
xe+1 ! xe+1
Z n
X Z
Ni EA aj Nj′′ dx = − Ni q dx i = 1, 2, ..., n
xe j=1 x
e
xe+1 x
n
X Z Ze+1
EA NiNj′′ dx aj = − Ni q dx i = 1, 2, ..., n
j=1 xe xe
16 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
Rb ′
Rb
Integration by parts a AB dx = AB|ba − a A′B dx leads to
xe+1 xe+1
n
X Z Z
EA Ni Nj′′ dx aj
|{z} =− Ni q dx i = 1, 2, ..., n
j=1
|{z}
xe A B′ xe
17 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
Rb ′
Rb
Integration by parts a AB dx = AB|ba − a A′B dx leads to
xe+1 xe+1
n
X Z Z
EA Ni Nj′′ dx aj
|{z} =− Ni q dx i = 1, 2, ..., n
j=1
|{z}
x A B′ xe
e xe+1
xe+1 xe+1
Xn Z Z
Ni Nj′ Ni′ Nj′ dx aj
EA |{z} − =− Ni q dx i = 1, 2, ..., n
|{z} |{z} |{z}
j=1 A xe A′ xe
B xe B
17 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
Rb ′
Rb
Integration by parts a AB dx = AB|ba − a A′B dx leads to
xe+1 xe+1
n
X Z Z
EA Ni Nj′′ dx aj
|{z} =− Ni q dx i = 1, 2, ..., n
j=1
|{z}
x A B′ xe
e xe+1
xe+1 xe+1
Xn Z Z
Ni Nj′ Ni′ Nj′ dx aj
EA |{z} − =− Ni q dx i = 1, 2, ..., n
|{z} |{z} |{z}
j=1 A xe A′ xe
B xe B
xe+1 xe+1
n
X n
X Z Z
x
EA Ni Nj′ xe+1 aj −EA Ni′ Nj′ dx aj = − Ni q dx i = 1, 2, ..., n
e
j=1 j=1 xe xe
| {z }
l
[u′ Ni ]0
17 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
Rb ′
Rb
Integration by parts a AB dx = AB|ba − a A′B dx leads to
xe+1 xe+1
n
X Z Z
EA Ni Nj′′ dx aj
|{z} =− Ni q dx i = 1, 2, ..., n
j=1
|{z}
x A B′ xe
e xe+1
xe+1 xe+1
Xn Z Z
Ni Nj′ Ni′ Nj′ dx aj
EA |{z} − =− Ni q dx i = 1, 2, ..., n
|{z} |{z} |{z}
j=1 A xe A′ xe
B xe B
xe+1 xe+1
n
X n
X Z Z
x
EA Ni Nj′ xe+1 aj −EA Ni′ Nj′ dx aj = − Ni q dx i = 1, 2, ..., n
e
j=1 j=1 xe xe
| {z }
l
[u′ Ni ]
xe+10 xe+1
n
X Z Z
l
− EA Ni′ Nj′ dx aj =− Ni q dx − EA [u′ Ni]0 i = 1, 2, ..., n
j=1 xe xe
17 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
This xe+1
n
X Z Zxe+1
Ni′Nj′ dx aj = − l
−EA Niq dx − EA [u′Ni]0
j=1 xe xe
leads in matrix representation to
Zxe+1 Zxe+1
l
Kij = −EA Ni′Nj′ dx, ri = − Niq dx − EA [u′Ni]0 .
xe xe
18 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
For the given problem follows with three elements after the assembly
(1) (1)
K11 K12 0 0
(1)
K K(1) + K(2) (2)
K23 0
K= 21 22 22
(2) (2) (3) (3)
0 K32 K33 + K33 K34
(3) (3)
0 0 K43 K44
19 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
For the given problem follows with three elements after the assembly
(1) (1)
K11 K12 0 0
(1)
K K(1) + K(2) (2)
K23 0
K= 21 22 22
(2) (2) (3) (3)
0 K32 K33 + K33 K34
(3) (3)
0 0 K43 K44
Reducing the matrix due to boundary conditions gives us
(1) (2) (2)
K22 + K22 K23 0
K = K(2) (2) (3) (3)
32 K 33 + K 33 K 34
(3) (3)
0 K43 K44
19 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
Calculating of the integrals leads to
(1) 3EA (2) 3EA (2) 3EA
K22 = K22 = K23 = −
l l l
(2) (2) (2) 3EA (3) 3EA
K32 = K23 K33 = K33 =
l l
(3) 3EA (3) (3) (3) 3EA
K34 = − K43 =K34 K44 =
l l
20 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
Calculating of the integrals leads to
(1) 3EA (2) 3EA (2) 3EA
K22 = K22 = K23 = −
l l l
(2) (2) (2) 3EA (3) 3EA
K32 = K23 K33 = K33 =
l l
(3) 3EA (3) (3) (3) 3EA
K34 = − K43 =K34 K44 =
l l
or
3EA −2 1 0
K= 1 −2 1
l 0 1 −1
20 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution
For the force vector follows
′ ′
Zl N2 u (l)N2(l) − u (0)N2(0)
r = − q N3 dx − EA u′(l)N3(l) − u′(0)N3(0)
0 N4 u′(l)N4(l) − u′(0)N4(0)
21 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Zl
l
ri = − Ni q dx − EA [u′ Ni]0
0
22 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Zl
l
ri = − Ni q dx − EA [u′ Ni]0
0
l 2l
Z3 Z3
q0 3 q0 3 l q0 l l
r2 = − x x dx − 2 − x x dx − EA [u′N2 ]0 = − − EA [u′N2 ]0
l l l l 9
0 l
3
22 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Zl
l
ri = − Ni q dx − EA [u′ Ni]0
0
l 2l
Z3 Z3
q0 3 q0 3 l q0 l l
r2 = − x x dx − 2 − x x dx − EA [u′N2 ]0 = − − EA [u′N2 ]0
l l l l 9
0 l
3
2l
Z3 Zl
q0 3 q0 3 l 2q0l l
r3 = − x − 1 x dx − 3 − x x dx − EA [u′N3 ]0 = − − EA [u′N3 ]0
l l l l 9
l 2
3 3
22 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Zl
l
ri = − Ni q dx − EA [u′ Ni]0
0
l 2l
Z3 Z3
q0 3 q0 3 l q0 l l
r2 = − x x dx − 2 − x x dx − EA [u′N2 ]0 = − − EA [u′N2 ]0
l l l l 9
0 l
3
2l
Z3 Zl
q0 3 q0 3 l 2q0l l
r3 = − x − 1 x dx − 3 − x x dx − EA [u′N3 ]0 = − − EA [u′N3 ]0
l l l l 9
l 2
3 3
Zl
q0 3 l 4q0l l
r4 = − x − 2 x dx − EA [u′N4 ]0 = − − EA [u′N4 ]0
l l 27
2l
3
22 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
N1
0
2q0l l
− EA [u′ N3]0
1
r3 = − N2
9
0
r4 = −
4q0l l
− EA [u′ N4]0
N3
27 0
N4
0
Boundary conditions:
23 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
q0 l N1
=− − EA[u′(l)N2(l) − u′(0)N2(0)] 0
9
2q0l l
− EA [u′ N3]0
1
r3 = − N2
9
2q0l ′ ′
0
r4 = −
4q0l
− EA [u′ N4]0
l N3
27 0
4q0l
=− − EA[u′(l)N4(l) − u′(0)N4(0)] 1
27 N4
0
Boundary conditions:
23 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
q0 l q0 l N1
=− − EA[u′(l)N2(l) − u′(0)N2(0)] = − 0
9 9
2q0l l
− EA [u′ N3]0
1
r3 = − N2
9
2q0l ′ ′
0
r4 = −
4q0l
− EA [u′ N4]0
l N3
27 0
4q0l
=− − EA[u′(l)N4(l) − u′(0)N4(0)] 1
27 N4
0
Boundary conditions:
N2(0) = 0, N2(l) = 0,
23 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
q0 l q0 l N1
=− − EA[u′(l)N2(l) − u′(0)N2(0)] = − 0
9 9
2q0l l
− EA [u′ N3]0
1
r3 = − N2
9
2q0l ′ ′ 2q0l 0
r4 = −
4q0l
− EA [u′ N4]0
l N3
27 0
4q0l
=− − EA[u′(l)N4(l) − u′(0)N4(0)] 1
27 N4
0
Boundary conditions:
N2(0) = 0, N2(l) = 0, N3(0) = 0, N3(l) = 0,
23 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
q0 l q0 l N1
=− − EA[u′(l)N2(l) − u′(0)N2(0)] = − 0
9 9
2q0l l
− EA [u′ N3]0
1
r3 = − N2
9
2q0l ′ ′ 2q0l 0
r4 = −
4q0l
− EA [u′ N4]0
l N3
27 0
4q0l 4q0l
=− − EA[u′(l)N4(l) − u′(0)N4(0)] = − 1
27 27 N4
0
Boundary conditions:
N2(0) = 0, N2(l) = 0, N3(0) = 0, N3(l) = 0, N4(0) = 0, u′(l) = 0
23 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
24 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution:
13 q l 2
0
a = 23
27 81EA
24 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
3
Displacement u [mm]
2.5
1.5
0.5
Analytical
FEM
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
x−coordinate [mm]
q0
Parameters for plot: EA
= 0.001 1/mm l = 100 mm
25 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Consider a linear-elastic bar. Calculate the approximate displacement û(x) for the
following loads and boundary conditions
q0
A) q(x) = x
(l 1) u(0) = 0 and u′ (l) = 0
q0 for 0 ≤ x ≤ l/2 F
2) u(0) = 0 and u′ (l) = EA
B) q(x) =
−2q0 for l/2 < x ≤ l
l
Divide the domain into the elements of length 3 and use piecewise linear shape
functions and the Galerkin method.
2
∂ u
Note: EA ∂x 2 = −q(x)
26 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
N1
0
2q0l l
− EA [u′ N3]0
1
r3 = − N2
9
0
r4 = −
4q0l l
− EA [u′ N4]0
N3
27 0
N4
0
Boundary conditions:
27 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
q0 l N1
=− − EA[u′(l)N2(l) − u′(0)N2(0)] 0
9
2q0l l
− EA [u′ N3]0
1
r3 = − N2
9
2q0l ′ ′
0
r4 = −
4q0l
− EA [u′ N4]0
l N3
27 0
4q0l
=− − EA[u′(l)N4(l) − u′(0)N4(0)] 1
27 N4
0
Boundary conditions:
27 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
q0 l q0 l N1
=− − EA[u′(l)N2(l) − u′(0)N2(0)] = − 0
9 9
2q0l l
− EA [u′ N3]0
1
r3 = − N2
9
2q0l ′ ′
0
r4 = −
4q0l
− EA [u′ N4]0
l N3
27 0
4q0l
=− − EA[u′(l)N4(l) − u′(0)N4(0)] 1
27 N4
0
Boundary conditions:
N2(0) = 0, N2(l) = 0,
27 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
q0 l q0 l N1
=− − EA[u′(l)N2(l) − u′(0)N2(0)] = − 0
9 9
2q0l l
− EA [u′ N3]0
1
r3 = − N2
9
2q0l ′ ′ 2q0l 0
r4 = −
4q0l
− EA [u′ N4]0
l N3
27 0
4q0l
=− − EA[u′(l)N4(l) − u′(0)N4(0)] 1
27 N4
0
Boundary conditions:
N2(0) = 0, N2(l) = 0, N3(0) = 0, N3(l) = 0,
27 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
q0 l q0 l N1
=− − EA[u′(l)N2(l) − u′(0)N2(0)] = − 0
9 9
2q0l l
− EA [u′ N3]0
1
r3 = − N2
9
2q0l ′ ′ 2q0l 0
r4 = −
4q0l
− EA [u′ N4]0
l N3
27 0
4q0l 4q0l
=− − EA[u′(l)N4(l) − u′(0)N4(0)] = − −F 1
27 27 N4
0
Boundary conditions:
N2(0) = 0, N2(l) = 0, N3(0) = 0, N3(l) = 0, N4(0) = 0, N4(l) = 1,
F
u′(l) = EA
27 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
28 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution:
13 q l 2 1 Fl
0
a = 23 + 2
27 81EA 3 3EA
28 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Consider a linear-elastic bar. Calculate the approximate displacement û(x) for the
following loads and boundary conditions
q0
A) q(x) = x
(l 1) u(0) = 0 and u′ (l) = 0
q0 for 0 ≤ x ≤ l/2 F
2) u(0) = 0 and u′ (l) = EA
B) q(x) =
−2q0 for l/2 < x ≤ l
l
Divide the domain into the elements of length 3 and use piecewise linear shape
functions and the Galerkin method.
2
∂ u
Note: EA ∂x 2 = −q(x)
29 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Zl
l
ri = − Ni q dx − EA [u′ Ni ]0
0
30 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Zl
l
ri = − Ni q dx − EA [u′ Ni ]0
0
l l 2l
Z3 Z2 Z3
q0 3 q0 3 q0 3 l
r2 = − x (1) dx − 2 − x (1) dx − 2 − x (−2) dx − EA [u′ N2 ]0
l l l l l l
0 l l
3 2
5q0 l l
=− − EA [u′ N2 ]0
24
30 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Zl
l
ri = − Ni q dx − EA [u′ Ni ]0
0
l l 2l
Z3 Z2 Z3
q0 3 q0 3 q0 3 l
r2 = − x (1) dx − 2 − x (1) dx − 2 − x (−2) dx − EA [u′ N2 ]0
l l l l l l
0 l l
3 2
5q0 l l
=− − EA [u′ N2 ]0
24
l 2l
Z2 Z3 Zl
q0 3 q0 3 q0 3 l
r3 = − x − 1 (1) dx − x − 1 (−2) dx − 3 − x (−2) dx − EA [u′ N3 ]0
l l l l l l
l l 2
3 2 3
13q0 l l
= − EA [u′ N3 ]0
24
30 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Zl
l
ri = − Ni q dx − EA [u′ Ni ]0
0
l l 2l
Z3 Z2 Z3
q0 3 q0 3 q0 3 l
r2 = − x (1) dx − 2 − x (1) dx − 2 − x (−2) dx − EA [u′ N2 ]0
l l l l l l
0 l l
3 2
5q0 l l
=− − EA [u′ N2 ]0
24
l 2l
Z2 Z3 Zl
q0 3 q0 3 q0 3 l
r3 = − x − 1 (1) dx − x − 1 (−2) dx − 3 − x (−2) dx − EA [u′ N3 ]0
l l l l l l
l l 2
3 2 3
13q0 l l
= − EA [u′ N3 ]0
24
Zl
q0 3 l
r4 = − x − 2 (−2) dx − EA [u′ N4 ]0
l l
2l
3
q0 l l
= − EA [u′N4 ]0
3
30 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
N1
0
13q0l l
− EA [u′ N3]0
1
r3 = N2
24
0
r4 =
q0 l
− EA [u′ N4]0
l N3
3 0
N4
0
Boundary conditions:
31 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
5q0l N1
=− − EA[u′(l)N2(l) − u′(0)N2(0)] 0
24
13q0l l
− EA [u′ N3]0
1
r3 = N2
24
13q0l ′ ′
0
r4 =
q0 l
− EA [u′ N4]0
l N3
3 0
q0 l
= − EA[u′(l)N4(l) − u′(0)N4(0)] 1
3 N4
0
Boundary conditions:
31 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
5q0l 5q0l N1
=− − EA[u′(l)N2(l) − u′(0)N2(0)] = − 0
24 24
13q0l l
− EA [u′ N3]0
1
r3 = N2
24
13q0l ′ ′
0
r4 =
q0 l
− EA [u′ N4]0
l N3
3 0
q0 l
= − EA[u′(l)N4(l) − u′(0)N4(0)] 1
3 N4
0
Boundary conditions:
N2(0) = 0, N2(l) = 0,
31 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
5q0l 5q0l N1
=− − EA[u′(l)N2(l) − u′(0)N2(0)] = − 0
24 24
13q0l l
− EA [u′ N3]0
1
r3 = N2
24
13q0l ′ ′ 13q0l 0
r4 =
q0 l
− EA [u′ N4]0
l N3
3 0
q0 l
= − EA[u′(l)N4(l) − u′(0)N4(0)] 1
3 N4
0
Boundary conditions:
N2(0) = 0, N2(l) = 0, N3(0) = 0, N3(l) = 0,
31 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
5q0l 5q0l N1
=− − EA[u′(l)N2(l) − u′(0)N2(0)] = − 0
24 24
13q0l l
− EA [u′ N3]0
1
r3 = N2
24
13q0l ′ ′ 13q0l 0
r4 =
q0 l
− EA [u′ N4]0
l N3
3 0
q0 l q0 l
= − EA[u′(l)N4(l) − u′(0)N4(0)] = 1
3 3 N4
0
Boundary conditions:
N2(0) = 0, N2(l) = 0, N3(0) = 0, N3(l) = 0, N4(0) = 0, u′(l) = 0
31 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
32 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution:
16 q l 2
0
a = − 37
45 72EA
32 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
0
Analytical
FEM
−1
Displacement u [mm]
−2
−3
−4
−5
−6
−7
0 20 40 60 80 100
x−coordinate [mm]
q0
Parameters for plot: EA
= 0.001 1/mm l = 100 mm
33 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Consider a linear-elastic bar. Calculate the approximate displacement û(x) for the
following loads and boundary conditions
q0
A) q(x) = x
(l 1) u(0) = 0 and u′ (l) = 0
q0 for 0 ≤ x ≤ l/2 F
2) u(0) = 0 and u′ (l) = EA
B) q(x) =
−2q0 for l/2 < x ≤ l
l
Divide the domain into the elements of length 3 and use piecewise linear shape
functions and the Galerkin method.
2
∂ u
Note: EA ∂x 2 = −q(x)
34 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
N1
0
13q0l l
− EA [u′N3 ]0
1
r3 = N2
24
0
r4 =
q0 l
− EA [u′N4 ]0
l N3
3 0
N4
0
Boundary conditions:
35 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
5q0l N1
=− − EA[u′(l)N2(l) − u′ (0)N2(0)] 0
24
13q0l l
− EA [u′N3 ]0
1
r3 = N2
24
13q0l ′ ′
0
r4 =
q0 l
− EA [u′N4 ]0
l N3
3 0
q0 l
= − EA[u′(l)N4(l) − u′ (0)N4(0)] 1
3 N4
0
Boundary conditions:
35 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
5q0l 5q0l N1
=− − EA[u′(l)N2(l) − u′ (0)N2(0)] = − 0
24 24
13q0l l
− EA [u′N3 ]0
1
r3 = N2
24
13q0l ′ ′
0
r4 =
q0 l
− EA [u′N4 ]0
l N3
3 0
q0 l
= − EA[u′(l)N4(l) − u′ (0)N4(0)] 1
3 N4
0
Boundary conditions:
N2(0) = 0, N2(l) = 0,
35 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
5q0l 5q0l N1
=− − EA[u′(l)N2(l) − u′ (0)N2(0)] = − 0
24 24
13q0l l
− EA [u′N3 ]0
1
r3 = N2
24
13q0l ′ ′ 13q0l 0
r4 =
q0 l
− EA [u′N4 ]0
l N3
3 0
q0 l
= − EA[u′(l)N4(l) − u′ (0)N4(0)] 1
3 N4
0
Boundary conditions:
N2(0) = 0, N2(l) = 0, N3(0) = 0, N3(l) = 0,
35 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
5q0l 5q0l N1
=− − EA[u′(l)N2(l) − u′ (0)N2(0)] = − 0
24 24
13q0l l
− EA [u′N3 ]0
1
r3 = N2
24
13q0l ′ ′ 13q0l 0
r4 =
q0 l
− EA [u′N4 ]0
l N3
3 0
q0 l q0 l
= − EA[u′(l)N4(l) − u′ (0)N4(0)] = −F 1
3 3 N4
0
Boundary conditions:
N2(0) = 0, N2(l) = 0, N3(0) = 0, N3(l) = 0, N4(0) = 0, N4(l) = 1,
F
u′(l) = EA
35 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
36 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Task 1
Solution:
16 q l 2 1 Fl
0
a = − 37 + 2
45 72EA 3 3EA
36 of 37 Advanced Finite Element Methods for Engineers | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mikhail Itskov |
Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany | WiSe
2018/19
Thank you for your attention!
Any questions?