FEC Lab - Week 03

DC Transients
Dr. Arunachalam V
Associate Professor, SENSE
 Study of CRO
• Time control
• Amplitude control
• Changing the level
 RC series circuit

  RC

Measure the rise time / fall time with different combinations of R and C.
 RC parallel circuit

  RC

Measure the rise time / fall time with different combinations of R and C.
Charging and discharging circuit - RC

 C  Rc C

 D  Rd C
RL series circuit

L

R
RL parallel circuit

L

R
Charging and discharging circuit - RL

L
C 
Rc

L
D 
Rd
 What to observe
• Change the RC and RL combinations.
• Observe the time constant.
– 63.2 % of final value during rise /
– 36.8 % of initial value during fall.
• Observe the rise time
– from the moment the switch is closed to the time it reaches 99.5 % of
final value
• Observe the fall time
– from the moment the switch is closed to the time it reaches 99.5 % of
initial value.
 RLC series circuit

Voltage across and capacitor C is observed.

 RLC parallel circuit

Current through the L is observed

Current can not be observed using Oscilloscope.
 Types of response
1
Resonant frequency or un-damped natural frequency, 0  rad / s
LC

Neper (Np) frequency or the damping factor

R 1
 Np / s (RLC Series)  Np / s (RLC Parallel)
2L RC

Damping ratio   Under damped response
0   1;
  1; Critically damped response
  1; Over damped response
Series circuit R = 28.28 Ω, L = 1mH, C = 5 μF
Critically damped response
Series circuit R = 28.28 Ω, L = 1mH, C = 5 μF
Critically damped response
Series circuit R = 100 Ω, L = 1mH, C = 5 μF
Over damped response
Series circuit R = 5 Ω, L = 1mH, C = 5 μF
Under damped response
 What to observe
• Fix the L and C values.
• Vary the resistance R, such that all three responses results.
– R = 28.28 results in critically damped response.
– R > 28.28 results in Over damped response.
– R < 28.28 results in under damped response.
• Observe the rise time (tr) and settling time (ts)
– from the moment the switch is closed to the time it reaches 99.5 % of
final value is tr
– from the moment the switch is closed to the time it settles at 99.5 % of
final value is ts
• Observe the peak over shoot (Mp)
– The maximum magnitude in the time response.
Next Class

ISSUE AND PRACTICE OF

TASK 1