A History of The Lutheran Church in New Hanover Montgomery County Penna

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History
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in New шапооег,
montgomem Фонит, llbenna.
COMPILED AND ARRANGED BY
THE PASTOR
. REV. j. j. KLINE, PHD.

Member oft/1e Pennsylvania-German Society, The Historical Society
of Pennsylvania, and the Historical Society of
Montgomery County.
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PUBLISHED BY THE CONGREGATION,
NEW HANOVER, PENNA.
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THE NEW Жопа‘
PUBLIC LIBRARY'
.' ‚Зил
4988‹ .
AUTOR. LENOX AND
TILDEN FOUNDATlONS.
я 1912 ь‘
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COPYRIGHTED 1910
BY
REV. KLINE
Рима or
Tn: Nrw Ем PRINTING сонм"
ыиснтн. PA.
‘
PREFACE.
"_
’СНЕ preparation of а memorìal

volume in commemoration of
._ the two hundredth anniversary of the
j organization of the Evangelical Luth
" eran Congregation in New Hanover
confronts us both with veneration and
regret. We have to do with matters
venerable and old, and find names of
men who were prominent in church and state, whose an
cestral blood is still coursing through the veins of many
who are at present active in shaping the history of the
congregation, while the names of others have long since
passed from men’s minds and are found only upon the
records of the past.
lt is to be sincerely regretted that the noble deeds of
men and women of bygone days, have not been accurately
and minutely recorded, so that the present generation
might read the records of their piety and sincere loyalty to
the faith and the church. It is true that fragments do ap
pear here and there, and from these the following compi
lation has been constructed. Errors, no doubt, appear
it would be a strange coincidence if this were not so. In
V
vi Preface.
recording so many names and dates, in reading the chi

rography of so many different handwritings, in the varied
l spelling of names during two centuries, with all the idio
syncrasies of men and the times, nothing short of a neces
sarily inaccurate account in its details must be expected.
Nevertheless, to gather the fragmentary material still ех
tant, to resurrect from oblivion what may yet be found,
but is fast passing into forgetfulness, and to multiply, by
publication, the fragmentary records of the congregation,
has been considered of suñicient import to justify the at
tempt; and, with utmost care, to present, in this form,
whatever may be gathered and compiled.
А great deal might be written with reasonable accu
racy concerning the more recent history of the life and
development of the congregation, but since these things
are fresh in the minds of men, or may be readily obtained,
and are being interpreted in the light of present knowl
edge, the earlier history has been deemed of greater
importance on account of its being so largely relegated to
the past, and is not so readily accessible; therefore the
greater stress is laid upon the earlier development of
the congregation’s life and history. In order to irn
press these facts upon the mind, frequent repetitions occur,
so that, by way of emphasis, many important facts and
events are thereby indelibly stamped upon the mind of the
reader. Repetitions also occur, because of the fact that
the actions of the several church councils are recorded as
they appear in their chronological order, so that some of
the material which appears in the story of events, appears
here again in its proper connection.
Important also are the few brief data, which are found
in the short biographical sketches, concerning the life and
Preface. vii
labors of the men who Внес! the pastoral ollice, so that

something may be known of the men who ministered here
in holy things. Not all of these are complimentary, yet
history, in order to be of value, must not be one~sided,
therefore as sunshine and shadows appear simultaneously,
so these things are blended together to complete accurately
the story of the past.
The early history of this local congregation contains to
a great degree the early history of the Lutheran Church
in America. For, as the bud enfolds the flower, so the
early beginnings contain, in embryo, the embodiment of
future developments. It is for this reason that frequent
references are made to other congregations and circum
stances, instead of being restricted to local conditions and
events. May this first attempt to publish a continuous
story of this congregation incite an enthusiastic desire for
further investigation, so that future historians may have
a more secure foundation to build upon, and relate the
story of American Lutheranism to coming generations
with greater accuracy and precision.
CONTENTS.
PRErAcE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
CHAPTER I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8
FALCKNER SWAMP. NEW HANOVER.
lts Location. lts Settlement. lts Inhabitants.
CHAPTER П.
THE CoNoREGATIoN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. I7
Its Early Organization. The Location of its Buildings. The
Church. The Parsonage. The Title to the Property.
CHAPTER III.
THE UNITED CoNGREGATIoNs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Тгарре, Falckner Swamp, Philadelphia and then Germantown.
As United into a Synod.
CHAPTER IV.
THE PAsToRs тю H'AvE SERVED THIs CHURCH . . . . . . . . 50
Those Before Mühlenberg. Mühlenberg and His Helpers.
Mühlenberg’s Successors.
CHAPTER V.
SHORT BIooRAPHIcAr. SKETcHEs op MINIsTERs WH0
SERVED THE CONGREGATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
CHAPTER VI.
THE CHURCH BUILDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
ix
х Contents.
CHAPTER VII.
THE CHURCH CoUNCII. AND ITS TRANSACTIONS . . . . . . . 169
CHAPTER VIII.
TRANSACTIONS 0E CHURCH COUNCIL-Confirmed - . -. 183
CHAPTER IX.
THE SCHooLMAsTERs AND ORGANISTS 0E THE CHURCH.
THEIR TIMES op SERVICE, AND A BRIEF SKETCH 0E
THE SUNDAY SCHooL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2x9
CHAPTER X.
MEETINGS or THE Буков HELD IN THIS CHURCH . . . . .. 227
CHAPTER XI.
SPECIAL EvENTs. DEDICATIoNs AND ANNIVERSARIES .. . . 232
CHAPTER XII.
HISTORICAL EVENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
I. Trials and Struggles of the Congregation. Petitions of Citizens
to Governor Patrick Gordon for Protection Against the Invasion
of the Indians. II. Its Missions. III. Its Men in the Ministry.
IV. Noted Men.
LIST 0F BAPTISMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 271
LIST 0E CATECHUMENS AND ADULT BAPTISMS ~ ~ ~ м 507
LIST 0F MARRIAGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 573
LIST 0E DEATHS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647
INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7ох
INTRODUCTION.
R the preparation of an his

torical sketch of the Lutheran
congregation in New Hanover no
apology is necessary. It is not an
ambitious desire to add another
volume to load down the already
overburdened book-shelves, but t0
put on record, as far as they are
known, the facts and incidents con
cerning the indomitable courage and Christian heroism of
our Pennsylvania-German ancestors in this community and
of this venerable congregation. Time has already relegated
many things to the irrevocable past, which have transpired
within the experiences of the congregation and its members,
while a great many other matters have not been considered
of suñicient interest or importance to record at all, or, if
record has been made of them, such records have now been
lost, which we sincerely lament. Another object in View
is to preserve, by publication, the minutes of the congrega
tion and its church records, still extant, so that the original
books and documents, now fast falling t0 pieces with age
and by frequent handling, may be spared to generations
2 5
6 The New Hanover Lutheran Church.
yet to come, while the facts and incidents recorded therein

may nevertheless be on hand for use to those who may
be interested in the congregation’s life and history during
its existence of over two centuries.
Still another purpose is to encourage research into the
records of the past so as to unearth many of the unknown
circumstances in its historic life, and to prove beyond
a doubt many of the conjectures, concerning its early
existence; as well as to invite honest criticism so as to
correct many of the errors contained in the following
pages, concerning which no one is more painfully conscious
than the compiler himself.
The sources of information, which have been frequently
consulted are mentioned in chapter first, and full ac
knowledgment of the same is here made. The value
and importance of these books and documents in the
preparation of the material for the succeeding pages is
beyond the range of complete expression and full apprecia
tion. Some of the minutes of the congregation and of the
church councils have been lost, as were also some of the
oflicial records of some of its pastors, which is a source
of keen regret. Those still in existence, and in part herein
published, prove some of the doubts and misapprehensions
in the minds of earlier historians, and correct some of the
errors which have become patent to the minds of some of
them.
In acknowledging the assistance received from many
sources I cannot be sufficiently profuso; for without these
this volume would have been impossible. A great deal
of the research work, as well as of translating and {гап
scribing the church records, is my own, yet I lay no
claim to further originality.
I acknowledge the valuable services of those who have
1nlroduction. 7
in any way rendered assistance. In particular do I desire

to put on record my appreciation of the services rendered
by Irwin P. Knipe, Esq., of Norristown, for clearing up
the original titles of the property, and to Mr. О. J. Bickel
for returning the original documentary title for the tract of
49 acres of land presented by John Henry Sprogell to the
congregation; to the researches of Julius F. Sachse, Litt.D.,
also for illustrations furnished by him for this history; also
to Rev. _lohn W. Early, Without whose aid the completion
of this work would have been delayed for some years to
I come. To all these my sincere thanks are due, and are
herewith extended, as Well as to all others who have been
in any way instrumental in bringing this endeavor to a
successful issue.
ln the hope that a deeper interest in the congregation’s
life and its interesting history may be awakened among its
members and the community in general, this volume is sent
forth on its mission of love and service.
I. K.
Рот-юты, PA.,
October 28, 1909.
CHAPTER I.
Falckner Swamp. New Hanover. Its Location. Its Settlement. Its
Inhabitants.
T is somewhat remarkable that so

little is known concerning the
early history and struggles of this con
gregation. It would be expected that,
as this is one of the three original
united congregations, and the oldest
of them all, very frequent reference
would be made to this fact.
Perhaps this may be explained, in
part at least, by the fact that it was a
little out of the way of the usual route
of travel from Philadelphia westward.
Perhaps if the editors of the Revised
Edition of the “ Halle Reports ” had kept in mind the
fact that whenever Henry Melchior Muhlenberg visited
Oley and the church there, he generally came by this
place, they would have had less trouble in locating the
Oley church of the Lutherans.
As to the absence of any explicit statements in regard
to the time when this church was organized and when ser
8
The New Hanofuer Lutheran Church. 9
vices were ñrst held here, and in fact in reference to many

historical matters about which we might desire informa
tion, it will be sufficient to say, that the reports to Halle
were not intended primarily to give the particulars con
cerning the organization of churches which already existed.
lt should be sufficient for us to remember that the Halle
Reports of Muhlenberg, Brunnholz and others were mostly
simple transcripts or extracts from their official journals,
setting forth the extent, nature and difficulties of their own
labors in planting and caring for the churches in this
western land.
We could not, therefore, expect them to be taken up with
matters outside of the line of their own activity, or of
events having occurred prior to their time, except in the
way of incidental references to them.
Of all the pioneers Rev. John Casper Stoever appar
ently devoted more time and exercised greater care in the
preparation and instalment of protocols or church records,
than anyone else. Nearly all the churches he served, with
the exception of this one, have them. They are generally
well kept, except in this one respect, that they frequently
omit the names and number of the communicants, also the
times of communion. And may not this omission here
possibly be accounted for by the fact that he may never
have been the actual pastor, but only the assistant of
Schulze, who ordained him? Soon after his ordination he
left this section. It might even be questioned whether he
was ordained here as generally believed. It is certain
that Rev. Christian Schulze, who ordained him, per
formed baptisms at the Muddy Creek Church during the
same month, if not on the very day of Stoever’s ordination
and marriage, viz., April 8, 1733. It will not be deemed
necessary in every instance to give the specific authorities
Io The New Hanofver Lutheran Church.
for statements of acknowledged facts, whether derived

from “Halle Reports,” from Theodore Bean’s “History
of Montgomery County,” Dotterer’s “ Perkiomen Re
gion,” Kuhns’ “German and Swiss Settlements,” Mann’s
“Muhlenberg and His Times,H Rev. Dr. Schmauk’s ex
haustive history of “The Lutheran Church in Pennsyl
Vania,” 1638-1820, or other records; since it is readily
understood that in a compilation of this character all avail~
able sources known to the author will be readily and freely
consulted, and its pages enriched by the facts and data
already established in history.
It is a'striking fact that even well-informed people seem
to have very indeñnite ideas as to the location of this oldest
of the German Lutheran congregations in America. Var
ious causes might be assigned for this. Possibly if the
same name had always been applied to the place, it would
be less diflìcult to locate. But, in looking at the names
of places and sections, we find that it is not only called
“New Hanover," but also “Swamp Churches,” which,
and not “ Falckner Swamp,” was the original name of the
post office, and sometimes merely “ The Swamp.” If there
were not three other places within a circuit of fifty miles, to
each of which the same name, “Swamp,” is applied, it
would be far less dif-licult to describe the locality in such a
way that every one might readily understand where it is
found. First we have the Great Swamp in the extreme
northwestern section of Bucks County. This formerly in
cluded the greater portion of Milford and Richland town
ships, (Не centre of the “Swamp” at that time being where
Quakertown now stands. What is called Great Swamp at
present lies wholly in Milford Township.
The Long Swamp extends from the vicinity of Topton
to the eastern line of Berks County, Where the “ Krotten
The New Hano'ver Lutheran Church. п
Creek” joins the southwest and the southeast branches

of the Little Lehigh to form that stream. It has given
name to one of the eastern townships of Berks as well as
to the church in that section. It is from fifteen to twenty
miles north by west from New Hanover. Almost thirty
miles west, bearing slightly southward is “ The Swamp ”
in Lancaster County. It covers a considerable part of
Cocalico Township. Some of the branches of the Со
calico have their rise here. There are these three districts
known as “The Swamp” besides Falckner Swamp.
Whether New Hanover, or Falckner Swamp, was known
by this name before the Great Swamp, about ten miles
northeast of it, was so designated, we are unable to say.
Theodore Bean in the “History of Montgomery County”
describes the place thus:1
New Hanover Township is bounded on the northeast by Upper
Hanover, south by Limerick, east by Frederick, northwest by
Douglass and southwest by Pottsgrove. It is 6% miles long~ Its
greatest breadth 3% miles, containing 204% square miles.l It
is the fourth in size in the county. The Swamp Creek flows
nearly through the central part. It has several branches. The
name is derived from Hanover, a capital and a kingdom in Ger
many. Many о! the early Lutheranl settlers were natives of this
kingdom. This accounts largely for the name. Another name is
Falckner Swamp, derived from Daniel Falckner, one of the agents,
or attorneys, of the Frankfort Land Company. In a purchase
made by Geo. McCall, 1735, it is said that Douglass and a part
of Pottsgrovc are bounded on the south by the “ German’s Tract
of land, meaning at least all of the present New Hanover.”
The village of New Hanover, better known as Swamp Church,
or Swamp Churches, is situated 16 miles from Norristown, and
1l-listory of Montgomery County,” Cap. LXVI., p. 992.
’Evidently a printer's blunder. The dimensions given would be a
fraction less than twenty-four square miles.
in 1832, Gordon in his “ Gazeteer,” says it contains two churches,

a post oHice, a tannery, two taverns, two stores and eight dwell
ings. The post oflice was established before 1827, under the
title of “ Swamp Churches,” which was Changed a few years after
to its present name, “New Hanover.” It is quite an old settle
ment. Nicholas Scull mentions here in 1758, the Lutheran Dutch
and the Dutch Church (Reformed) and Yelyer’s mill, etc.
Kuhns in his statements, which however are not always

as well authenticated as they should be, speaks of it as if
it were a part of the Germantown tract itself. But of
this more anon, when we take up the matter of its settle
ment and its inhabitants. Dotterer describes it as follows:
On the north are the South Mountains, on the south the Stone
Hills, on the west the Fox Hills, and on the east the ridge rising
from the left bank of Society Run. Swamp Creek, having as its
tributaries Society Run, Spack Run, Ministers Creek (Pfarrer’s
Bach), Schlegel's Run and Goshenhoppen Run, flows in a wind
ing course through the valley.
It will not be regarded as necessary to take up the

matter of its early settlement and its first inhabitants sep
arately. These are so closely connected that it would be
almost impossible to separate them entirely. The great
difficulty is to fix dates definitely and distinctly. rI`his will
appear all the more clearly evident when it is remembered
that Rev. Daniel Falckner, Sprogel or Sproul and others
who controlled the 26,000 or more acres of the Frankfort
Land Company, acted as if they _were the owners of the
tract. In fact, Sprogel Seems to have had possession of it
for a time, deeds being made out in his name. Не seems
to have become the actual owner of a large part, if not of
all the vast tract of land in the vicinity of Falckner Swamp.
It is, therefore, impossible to name an exact date as the
The New Hallouer Lutheran CÍzurck. 13
time of its settlement. There seems to have been a gen

eral development of all these sections about the same time.
Throughout Oley, Manathanim, afterwards more corn
monly called Molatton, or Morlatton, Falckner’s Swamp,
the Great Swamp, and even Long Swamp, the stream of
immigration seems to have moved forward slowly but
_.‘_-_ steadily from the last decade of the seventeenth century.
From 1694, when the “Frankfort Land Company sent
its ñrst load of emigrants to Germantown, to begin the
development of that section, .there has been a steady
growth of population and developing of its resources,”
until it has become one of the richest and most prosperous
portions of this magnificent commonwealth.
From the statements of some of the writers it would al
most seem as if at hrst it had been regarded as a part of
the Germantown settlement. То make the matter per~
fectly clear it may be well to go back a little further and
recount the history of the movements and doings of some
of the others of those early settlers. Pastorius having
conferred at Kriegsheim with Peter Schumacher, Gerhard
Hendricks and other leaders of the intending settlers,
“ descended the Rhine to Crefeld, where he conferred with
Thones Kunders, Dirck Herman, the Op den Graelf broth
ers, and others, who followed him across the ocean six
weeks later.” Having thus become the agent of the
Frankfort Company, of the Kriegsheimers and the Cre
felders, he sailed June 6, 1683, and reached Philadelphia,
August 16. Some twomonths later, thirteen men with
their families, who had sailed on the Concord, reached
Philadelphia. Coming late in the year they suffered great
privation. But soon they found themselves in comfort.
The communication of the news of their good fortune
soon brought over others. But towards the close of the
r4 The New Hanover Lutheran Church.
century, 1694, a considerable addition was made to this

colony. А Ьапс1 of forty pietists under the superinten
dence of Iohann Kelpius settled on the banks of the Wis
sahickon. It is not necessary to dwell on the letters which
Koester, D. Falckner, Kelpius, Schaeffer and others sent
back to Germany to influence their friends to join them
in this land of promise. The real leader of the party of
forty who came over at one time, we are told, was Ioh.
Jac. Zimmerman, a minister, but he died at Rotterdam.1
It does not belong to our province to discuss the religious
opinions of these people. We therefore simply add the
statement that they are said to have been chiliasts of a
pronounced type, separatists of different kinds, and some
Lutherans and Reformed. Rev. Daniel Falckner, who
made a special trip to Germany to interest people in the
enterprise and to encourage settlers, a project in which he
succeeded measurably at least, was one of them.2 We
might well ask, would he not naturally put forth efforts
to care for the spiritual welfare of his own people at once,
instead of waiting from ten to twenty years before doing so ?
It may be a matter of sufficient historical interest, al
though not directly connected with this sketch, to state in
this connection, that the first protest against slavery re
corded in this country was made April 18, 1688, to the
monthly meeting of the Quakers, by Pastorius, Gerhard
Hendricks and the Op den Graeff brothers, as stated by
both Kuhns and Pennypacker.
While not highly educated, the mass of early German
settler: of Pennsylvania were not ignorant and illiterate.
The larger portion of them were undoubtedly able to read
and write. In accordance with the universal custom in
’Vide Sachse’s German pietists of Provincial Pennsylvania.
’Vide Curieuse Nachricht von Pennsylvania anno x700, Sachse, :905.
The New Hanover Lutheran Church. 15
Protestant Germany education and religion were combined.

At a very early day, Bibles, hymn books, books of devotion,
and even school books, were printed in German at Phila
delphia. They were generally read and used. А prac
tical education in religious and secular affairs was thus
secured, and a comparatively large number of the German
pioneers possessed what might be called learning. We
find traces of this even among unprofessional people.
Johannes Kolb, a weaver of Germantown had a copy of Eras~
mus in Latin, bought from his brother. A Schwenckfelder,
named Schultz, had a well-thumbed copy of a Latin grammar.
And the earliest settlers were under the direction of some of the
most learned men of their time.
The Frankfort Land Company consisted of a number of

well-educated and highborn people. Pastorius is known to
every one. Most of the pietists who came over in 1694
were university men, and they were scattered through the
whole community. Zimmerman, who planned the colony,
is said to have been “ Ein дгипддегейпет-алт10515.”
His successor, Johann Kelpius, was the son of a clergyman,
and a doctor of philosophy of Tübingen; Henry Bern
hard Köster had studied at the gymnasium of Bremen and
at Frankfort; Daniel Falckner was the son and grandson
of a clergyman and was himself educated for the ministry;
his brother had been a student at Halle, and Peter Miller,
subsequently prior of Ephrata, was а very learned man.
Не is said to have translated the Declaration of Indepen
dence into seven different languages, and to have spoken
“Latin as readily as We do our vernacular.” So says
Andreae.
Thus We can readily perceive that almost from the day
that William Penn, who had become known to the German
people by his residence among them, took possession of his

province, a stream of German emigrants came over to
settle in Pennsylvania. Although quite a number tarried
in the vicinity of Philadelphia, a respectable proportion
moved onward, to the Trappe, to New Hanover, to Mo
latton among the Swedes, who already occupied that sec
tion, and even to Oley with its hills, and then through it
and Goshenhoppen, which then included New Hanover,
through the gaps in the Lehigh hills up to the very foot
of the Blue Mountains. This will account for the fact
that quite a number of taxables, whose names show them
to have been Germans, are found in New Hanover, in Oley
and some even in Maxatawny, at the very beginning of the
eighteenth century, and a few even before that time. It
will also show why there are very frequent suggestions as
to religious services held, of occasional 'gatherings for wor
ship, and of congregations without a formal organization.
It Was this state of things that opened the door to the
tramp preacher and furnished him a field in which to carry
on his work. These people were no heathen. They
wanted their churches and pastors. When they could not
get the best, or even the really good, they took what they
could get. They simply did the best they could; others
have done so since. Would not we pursue a similar course
under similar circumstances?
CHAPTER П.
THE CoNsREGATIoN.
It! Early Organization. The Location of its Buildings. The Church.

The Parsonage. The Title to the Property.
HERE the first service

was held, who con
ducted that service, when the
first steps toward the organiza
tion of a congregation were
taken, and even the exact date
of the erection of the first
,church building, are matters
which will probably never be
positively known. Possibly, if
the editors of the revised edi~
tion of the “Halle Reports,”
when they began the republi
cation of that work thirty or
more years ago had used the
information Within reach in this country, instead of looking
to Halle only, or even mainly, some of these questions
might perhaps have been settled. It certainly should have
17
been patent to every one, that Rev. H. M. Mühlenberg and ‚

his co-laborers in reporting to headquarters, would only de
scribe their own activities. If they did at any time refer
to the men who had labored before them, it would be only
incidentally. If at any time they spoke of the churches ex
isting before their arrival, it would be in the s_ame casual
way. This will become all the more evident if we bear
in _mind the fact that some of the settlements were com
menced fully half a century before Mühlenberg’s arrival.
These people had ministers, ordained men, among them.
Under these circumstances they would not have remained
altogether without the word and the sacraments volun
tarily. They would not have been satisfied without some
arrangements by which their spiritual wants would be
provided for. They did not do this elsewhere. They
would not have done it here.
First of all we will endeavor to give the substance of the
statements of the “Halle Reports,” meagre though they
be, in regard to the early history of this congregation.
Perhaps the fullest and most satisfactory statement there
given is the report of Revs. Mühlenberg, Brunnholtz and
Handschuh, the three oldest pastors, sent to Halle at the
request of the Synod, July 9, 1754. In that report they
give a brief résumé of the church’s history, as well as their
own labors in it, from the very beginning up to the time
when the report was sent.
After setting forth that this statement is made at the
request of the Swedish Provost, together with fourteen
German pastors, they pass in review the whole history
of the Lutheran Church, as well as that of the individual
congregations in the Province of Pennsylvania. They tell
us that “ shortly before the beginning of this century [the
eighteenth] a few Germans came across the sea and took
The Congregation. 19
advantage of the religious liberty secured by Penn to all

the inhabitants of the Province of Pennsylvania.” They
designate the time from 1688 to 1708 as the first period
in which a few straggling immigrants arrived. Among
these they refer to Henry Frey, whose wife is said to
have been still living at that time, and who had arrived
about 1680. They also speak of some North Germans
who came over about the same time, some of whose descen
dants were still to be found in this vicinity, some being
baptized by them. Others had adopted the habits and
beliefs of the Quakers.
They designate the period from 1708 to 1720, in which
many separatists came along with the members of the Lu
theran Church and settled among them, as the second pe
riod. The influence of these separatists generally was
most deplorable, especially as our own people were mostly
without pastors and without churches.
The third period is said to have been that from 1720 to
1730, when some of the Lutherans who came brought
ministers along, Falckner, Hinckell and Stoever. That
this must be Daniel Falckner is evident from the fact that
*__
the paragraph immediately following mentions Justus
Falckner as one who was sent out by the Swedes. I 730 to
1743, when Zinzendorf became so active in worrying our
churches, is named as the fourth period. But these state
l ments, as will at once be seen, take no account of the or

ganization of this congregation,
In note 26, Vol. I., р. 36,1 it is properly stated that
“this is the oldest German Lutheran congregation within
the bounds of the United States.” But We fail to hud any
well founded authority there, or elsewhere, for the addi
i tional statement that it is “ штат to say in what year

the first settlements were made.”
lHalle Reports, RevisendŕEdŕition.
This may be true. But
20 The New Hanofver Lutheran Church.
when the editor adds: “ it is highly improbable that it was

before the year 1700,” he has evidently lost his bearing
and forgotten Some of his own Statements. For he soon
adds that “Many of the first settlers came from New
Hanover in which the first settlements inland in Pennsyl
vania are to be looked for.” Elsewhere he tells us that in
Oley settlements were commenced and steps taken looking
towards the organization of a congregation even before
1700. And yet all these people either Came from or
through New Hanover.
The statement made in a note, р. 44.1,1 that ~l'ustus Falck~
ner, ordained November 24, 1703, organized the congre
gation and that the place was named after him, is evidently
a mistake, as he took up his residence in New York irn
mediately after his ordination and never returned.2
The “Life and Times of Mühlenberg” throws very
little additional light on the subject. In fact the only
statement bearing on the early history of this congregation
is a reference to Rev. Andreas Rudman, claiming that this
man served the Swedish Lutherans in Philadelphia,1697,
and again after his return from New York until 1718.
But the “ journal of Andreas Sandel,” published in the
“‘ Halle Reports,” Rev. Ed. Vol. I., p. 36, says in speaking of the вы:
settlements in this section: “ It is very highly probable before the year
1700” that these began. And then again apparently speaking of Daniel
Falckner, it asserts: “The congregation, indeed, had the indelible marks of
an organization in Falckner’s time.” All this would indicate that the
editor of that work was under the impression that Daniel Falckner preached
and oñiciated as pastor of a congregation here before the year 1700. We
can hardly see how anyone who has thoroughly investigated the matter
can reach any other Conclusion. (E.)
’For the true history of the Falckner Brothers and the conditions of
this section of Pennsylvania the reader is referred to the Bi~Centennial
Memorial to Justus Falckner by Sachse, 1903, which contains Justus
Рискни’: account of the Province in 1701; also to Daniel Falckner’s
Curieuse Nachricht von Pennsylvania I7oo. Reprint and translation by
Iulius F. Sachse, Philadelphia, 1905.
The Congregation. 2I
Pennsylvania Magazine, shows that he, Sandel, was the

pastor there from 1702 until 1714. He records but one
trip to New Hanover in the year 1704. Although he does
not say so in so many words, he apparently found an or
ganized congregation there. Several of his statements,
although not referring to this matter, are so interesting
that we give them here. Не tells us that in the middle
of lanuary, 1714, the weather was so mild that the plants
were blossoming; also that the rye had already headed on
the sixteenth of April. His quotation of the prices of
produce is also interesting, as a contrast with those of the
present day and other times. Wheat was 56 cents per
bushel, rye 42, barley 46, oats 34 and apples were from 80
cents to $1.50 per barrel.
Neither Kuhns nor Dotterer throws any additional light
on the subject. In a footnote, p. 8, of “ The Old Trappe
Church ” Ьу Dr. Kretschman, we find the following:
The first German Lutheran Church in the United States was

built at New Hanover (The Swamp) prior to 1719. Another
log church was built there in 1721. A third begun in 1741 and
completed in 1747, was superseded in 1768 by the present fine
stone church.
While this gives no definite date for the first church it

would apparently justify the conclusion that it was erected
at the very beginning of the eighteenth century if not dur
ing the last days of âge seventeenth.1
‘Rein enckel certainly became the pastor in 1716 or 1717.
Now the existence of a church building is distinctly referred to in 1719.
That certainly is not the one erected in 1721. There must, therefore, have
been a church at New Hanover before this one. It would be altogether
unusual that even a log church should last only two to four years. Ве
side all this, the average life of the church buildings here was twenty
years ur even more. From 1747 to 1767, from 1721 to 1741, only com
pitted 1747. This would give 1700 or 1701 or even possibly 1695 for the
organization oi the congregation and the erection of the first church.
M_
Dr. Sachse, “ German Pietists,” р. 339, says:

The earliest direct evidence of this congregation’s [existence]
known to the writer, is a Swedish account of a visit made to
Manatawny by Pastor Sandel in company with Daniel Falckner
in the autumn of 1704, wherein it is stated that the former as
sisted Falckner at the church services on Sunday, October 15.
One of the first things he did in the new settlement was to organ
ize a congregation, build a church and hold services according to
the Lutheran ritual. “ The Manatawny tract, title to the Frank
fort Company passed October 25, 1701, is supposed to have been
settled by Germans, as early as 1700, emigrants who came over
with Daniel Falckner upon his return.”
But perhaps the most satisfactory statement bearing on

this entire subject is that given by Dr. Theo. Е. Schmauk
in his “ History of the Lutheran Church in Pennsylvania,”
as found in the PROCEEDINGS or THE PENNSYLVANIA
GERMAN SOCIETY, Vol. XI., especially Chap. IV., to which
the reader is referred. The brief space allotted to the
history of an individual congregation will not permit any
very extensive quotations. But summing up all the state
ments of Dr. Schmauk, as well as the data within possible
reach, we feel satisfied that it would be safely within the
limits of the facts of the case and the absolute truth to say
that there was some sort of organization of a Lutheran
congregation, and that Lutheran services were held at New
Hanover prior to the year 1700.
The old tradition that Rev. Justus Falckner, who was
ordained by the Swedes in the fall of 1703 (November
24) to enable him to accept a call to New York, was the
founder of this congregation is shown to be a mistake by
the fact that in less than two weeks after that ordination,
he settled in New York, took charge of a congregation
there, and continued to serve the same until his death.

And yet the whole claim that this congregation was or
ganized in 1703 seems to rest on that tradition.1 We
were always told that Falckner Swamp was so named,
“because he was its first pastor and the organizer of the
congregation." We know now that neither is the case.
*wmv
Не left the place as soon as he was ordained, and there
fore could be neither the organizer nor the ñrst pastor.
But his brother Daniel Falckner, who was an ordained
minister when he arrived in 1694, or upon his return,
1699, did organize the first settlers into a congregation
and continued to serve it until he left this section and
settled in New Jersey as pastor of congregations there.
There seems to be but little doubt that Daniel Falckner
held services here pretty regularly before his trip to Eu
rope to interest the people of the Fatherland in their
brethren in the faith in this country. While his trip un
doubtedly, in a great measure, was intended to advance
the material interests of the Frankfort Land Company, by
inducing immigrants to come to this country, so that the
company might dispose of its land, it seems equally clear
that a secondary and very important purpose was to in
duce some of those of his own faith to occupy the land,
so that those who were already here might have desirable
Christian neighbors.2
There is another very important fact which should
likewise be kept clearly in view. Dr. Schmauk (p. 64)
1The fact that Justus Falckner may possibly have preached as a
theological student at New Hanover, prior to his ordination, does not
alter the fact that his ordination has no connection whatever with the
organization of the congregation. Whether organized by him or his older
brother Daniel in 1695 o'r 17oo or 1703, that had nothing to do with his
ordination on which the old accepted story rests.
’CL Curieuse Nachricht von Pennsylvania 1700, translation and re
print, Sachse, 1905.
tells us: “ It must not be overlooked, that a considerable

portion of the original Swedish colony of 1638, was in
reality German.” Their governor, Printz, was a German,
and no less than fifty-four German families came with him.
The Halle Reports also tell us that a number of Germans
had gone as far inland as Oley sometime before 1700.
Apparently scattered German Lutheran settlers could be
found in all the section westward from Philadelphia to
the Schuylkill. Some of these settlements seem to have
been quite large, sufficiently so to become the nuclei of con
gregations,1 as was evidently the case here', and seems to
have been in Oley.
Dr. Sachse even seems to be of the opinion (vide p. 79)
(and there seems to be abundant reason for that opinion),
that a lately discovered letter of Pastorius, dated March 7,
1684, was published directly “ in the interest of the Frank
fort Land Company for the purpose of influencing Ger
man emigration (directing it) to Pennsylvania.” Не tells
us that, “ the first German Lutheran services in the Prov
ince [Pennsylvania] were held in June, 1694, by a band of
forty immigrants, six of whom are said to have been
Lutheran theological students.” “ The chaplain of the
company continued these services regularly." English ser
vices were commenced at the same time. “These Ger
man enthusiasts who were mystics, chiliasts and who knows
what not, were adherents of the Augsburg Confession.”
These services were conducted by Rev. Heinrich Bern
hard Koester, who was evidently the first man to hold
German and English Lutheran services in Pennsylvania.
Undoubtedly he was the most prominent Lutheran char
acter in the Province, in his day. Next in rank and posi
lVide, А Brief History of the Colony of New Sweden, translation in
Proceedings of Pennsylvania-German Society, Vol. VIII.
tion was Daniel Falckner. He ventured on a trip to

Germany towards the close of 1698, and succeeded in
awakening a deeper interest in the spiritual condition of
the Germans in Pennsylvania. His visit undoubtedly
stimulated immigration into this country.
Upon his return he became the attorney of the Frank
fort Land Company. He now devoted himself to the
development of “The Manatawny tract of 22,377 acres,
and founded the earliest Lutheran congregation in the
state at New Hanover.” In speaking of this matter Dr.
Schmauk divides the life of Daniel Falckner into two
parts or periods: The first as the attorney and head of
the Frankfort Land Company; the second “when he de
voted himself entirely to the pastorate first at Falckner
Swamp, and then when he served congregations at Ваг
*_ _-_ _ itan, New Jersey.”
It therefore seems clear that the statements made and
_-
accepted by nearly all of these writers, especially Drs.
Schmauk and Sachse, would not only justify the inference,
. ._-_
but they would prove that some of the Germans, not a few
but quite a number, kept moving beyond the limits of Ger
mantown, to Goshenhoppen including New Hanover, and
even to Oley beyond, between 1694 and 1700. This
seems not only the natural, but the inevitable conclusion,
if the settlers here pursued the same course they did
elsewhere. In many instances, and if We mistake not, in
the large majority of instances, the settlement of a tract
preceded the actual transfer of title. This was not con
hned to tracts selected for church and school purposes,
but it was also a very common thing in taking up farm
lands as well.
While not disputing or calling into question the state
ment of Dr. Schmauk that, “on the return trip to Penn~
sylvania in 1700 Daniel Falckner is supposed to have

brought over the Germans who located in the Swamp, and
constituted the first permanent Lutheran congregation,
in general, we are inclined to think that it falls short of
the actual facts of the case. We are strongly inclined to
believe that some of the German Lutherans who had come
over, a few at a time from 1694 to 1700, and even some
of those who had come fifty years before with the Swedes,
had gradually advanced inland, a few stopping in the vi
cinity of New Hanover now and then, until a goodly num
ber had gathered there, and that during these latter years
Daniel Falckner, known to them as an ordained minister,
preached to them and occasionally administered the Lord’s
Supper. Whether he took further formal steps to gather
them into an organized congregation during this earlier
period, it is impossible to say. We do know, however,
that the process of bringing together a congregation was
not as formal and methodical in those days as it is expected
to be now. ln many of those early congregations we find
references to elders and deacons in oŕiice, without a single
reference to the time of their election, or the slightest
reference to a constitution, or the adoption of the same.
Dr. Schmauk also informs us that, “ it is quite possible
that some Germans had settled here before 1700." He
also refers to indelible traces of an organization in Daniel
Falckner’s time; and adds: “ when a church was built is not
known.” Possibly, if we will bear in mind the fact that
William Penn sold 25,000 acres of land to the .Frankfort
Land Company in November, 1686; that on February 3,
1689, he confirmed to Francis Daniel Pastorius, as their
attorney 2,675 acres, and that the warrant for the remain
ing 22,377 acres was issued October 13, 1701, it will
readily appear that it is no improper assumption of facts,
when we say that it is likely that many settlers occupied
portions of the land years before the warrant was issued.
This tract embraces all of New Hanover Township and
parts of those adjoining. We think these statements of
Dr. Schmauk and others should convince every one, not
only that this is the oldest German Lutheran church and
congregation in America, but it should serve to satisfy
all of the probability that services were held, and steps
were taken to secure the organization of a congregation
and the erection of a church between 1694 and 1700, if
not even before that time. It certainly would be pertinent
to ask, what became 0f the Germans who came with
the Swedes possibly fifty years before? Where did they
settle? Certainly they did not all remain on the banks 0f
the Delaware. Summing up the whole matter, therefore,
we think there would be clear warrant for the statement
that services were held with more or less regularity from
about 1694 to 1700, by which time a congregation had
been gathered. That this congregation then erected a
small church which was completed by 1703, possibly sev
eral years before that time. This primitive church then
remained in use until 1721, when it was replaced by а
тоге commodious one. Then in 1747 a third building
took the place of this one. This again served the соп—
gregatioms purposes until the present substantial stone
Structure, which has answered its purpose one hundred and
forty years, took its place.
About the time and circumstances connected with the
erection of the different school houses it will not be neces
sary to say much. But these people seem to have pur
sued the course usual with our German ancestors. As
soon as they were assured of having a church, they also
took steps to provide a school house and to establish a
28 The New Hano'ver Lutheran Church.
school, and it is not an unjustifiable inference to conclude

that this was the course they pursued.
It will not be possible to give a description of the earliest
church buildings. In fact very little is known concerning
the details connected with their erection. Enough is known,
however, to make it almost absolutely certain that the con
gregation before 1717 owned a log building which had in
all probability been erected, some time between 1695 and
1703, on land the congregation had preëmpted at a very
early day. But its title to the land was only clearly estab
lished many years later. А copy of the deed will be given
at the proper place.
It will not be possible and it should not be regarded
necessary to describe the precise spot on which each of
these churches and school houses Stood. But it may
safely be said that, in all probability, they stood on, or very
near, the spot on which the present church, and the build~
ing immediately opposite, now stand.1 No clear or satis
factory account of the erection of the first church or school
house can be given. No records are available. All is
left to inferences drawn from other known facts. Very
little is known about the details of the history except the
well-known fact that a second church took the place of
first one in 1721.
Concerning the third edifice it is known that work on it
was begun in 1741. Muhlenberg States that he found an
unfinished church here when he came. It was completed
and dedicated in 1747. This being prior to the organiza
tion of the synod, we cannot expect information in the
IAccording to the statement made by Rev. H. M. Mühlenberg in con
nection with the dedication of the present church, it would almost seem as
if the school-house had been located at, or close by, the public road leading
eastward through the village. He locates it about two stone throws from
the parsonage. Was it at Brendlingefs corner?
records of that body. The fourth church, which still

stands, was commenced in 1767. It was finished and dedi
cated in 1768. This was considered of sufficient impor
tance to have the synod to meet at New Hanover and to
talle part in the festivities as an organization (vide p. 87
er seq. of “Documentary History ”) .
While it will not be necessary to repeat all the details
as they are there given, the citing of a few principal items
may furnish an insight into the customs, habits and spirit
of the times, such as we may not readily find elsewhere.
From the letter of invitation to Synod, we quote the fol
lowing:
Honorable President and Members of the Ministerium Reveren
rlam of the United Evangelical Lutheran Congregations in
Pennsylvania, etc.:
The building of a new church, begun by the congregation at
New Hanover, in the name and in reliance upon the assistance of
Him who can do more than we ask and understand, has, through
the strength of the Omnipotent, been accomplished with such de
sired progress that we will soon see its completion. Halle
Май. . . .
For the accomplishing of so exceedingly important a purpose,
we extend our most obedient request to the Reverend Ministerium,
to consecrate our newly built church to the service of Immanuel
by prayer, intercession and thanksgiving, and to bring into it, by
the proclamation of the saving doctrine of Jesus Christ, glowing
coal to enkindle a Fire that may burn with fervor and blessed de
votion, in our hearts, as well as in the hearts of our posterity.”
The writer then suggests the XXIII Sunday after Trinity, Но
vember 6, as the proper time.
With readiness and the offering of all possible love, we, who
sign this, remain, Honorable Praeses and Members of the Rev
trend Ministerium. Your most obedient,
LEWIS Voro'r.
New Hanover, Sept. 10, 1768.
Also signed by-Michael Weygel, Adam Wartman, George

Burkhart, George Beck, Adam Kurtz, Ludwig Bickel, Moses
Binder, Valentin Stigler, Casimer Misemer, Jacob Eppele, Mi
chael Schlaneclter jun., George Schweinhard, Jacob Kop, Conrad
Gilbert, Johannes Schweinhard.
Two days later Rev. Voigt sent an additional personal

request to Senior Mühlenberg.
Near ten o'clock a. m., November 6, a large number of
people from near and from far had gathered about the
new church. It was a very fine day. The ministers,
Revs. H. M. Muhlenberg, J. N. Kurtz, Joh. Casp.
Stoever, W. Kurtz, H. Schaum, Krug, Voigt, Jung,
Buskerk and Messrs. Kuhn and Streit, students with the
delegates from Philadelphia, Germantown, Lancaster,
Reading, Tulpehocken, Richmond, Weidenthal, Earltown,
Warwick, Macunschy, Upper Milford, Saccum, Jordan,
Heidelberg, Pikestown, etc., “ went in procession from the
parsonage to the school house, a distance of about two
stone throws.” Here the procession, preceded by one of
the builders and the schoolmaster with the key, followed
by four deacons with the sacred vessels, re-forrned. The
preachers, the elders of the Hanover and Providence con
gregations and the delegates of the congregations above
named went from the school house to the church. Arrived
there the preachers stepped within the altar railing and the
delegates stood in a semi-circle outside. Rev. Mühlen
berg opened the service with the One-hundredth psalm.
The choir sang NKomm heiliger Geist, Herre Gott,” etc.
Then each of the eleven ordained ministers gave a motto
-for the house itself, for the ministerial office, for holy
baptism, for the Lord’s Supper, Kinderlehre, etc. Then
the pastor (Voigt) read the declaration. The congrega
tion then sang "Sey Lob und ЕМ dem Нога/ими Gut.”
The Congregatìon. 31
Rev. Krug baptized children and Senior Muhlenberg
preached the dedicatory sermon on I Kings ix, 3. Services
were finished at one o’clock.1 At two p. m., there was an
other service at which Rev. Kurtz, Sr., preached. The
collection taken at the doors amounted to nearly £60, about
$160. On Monday the synod proceeded to the transac
tion of business.
It is also evident that some time before this event oc
curred the congregation had already erected its second
school house. In the Halle Reports, p. 79, old ed., p. 152,
Vol. l., new ed., it is stated: “ In New Hanover the pres»
ent but not yet completed church building has now been
entirely finished and some farming land purchased for
the church and school.” It will be noticed that this state
ment does not refer to the original Sprogel tract on which
the church was erected, but to the tract bought for them
through Muhlenberg on which the parsonage was located.
All this was done by means of the congregations share
of the benevolent contributions received from England and
Germany, together with the amounts which they them
selves contributed of their own means. This shows that
by 1749 this congregation had already secured its second
school house.
The statements already made show that these people,
although comparatively poor, and not able to pay much
in the way of salary toward the support of their pastor,
yet managed to secure an additional tract for his resi
dence. It is probably owing to this fact that although
Trappe and New Hanover are not very far apart, they
soon had a pastor resident at each point.
This latter tract, the parsonage tract, remained in their
possession until about thirty years ago, when the farm was
lThe two students, Экий; and Keuhn, also delivered English addresses.
sold. This occurred when the younger congregation at

Boyertown, already stronger than the parent, and now
almost twice its size, felt the need of a pastor residing at
that point. It is not made quite clear why the parent con
gregation did not retain this property, as the other congre
gation had no claim upon it.
But it may be best to insert here the deeds of the two
properties, to illustrate the modes then pursued to secure
title to properties. First we give the entire transcript of
the original document furnished by courtesy of the Hon.
Henry Houck, Secretary of Internal Affairs. The orig
inal is now accessible. It will correct some mistaken state
ments which appear elsewhere. (That of the parsonage
tract will simply be given in abstract.)
VALENTINE Спуски, KNow ALL MEN by these presents
JoHN GEORGE and That WHEREAS in the year of our Lord
others their oaths one thousand seven hundred and nineteen
concerning the land The Christian People of the LUTHER
belonging to the IAN PERsUAsroN inhabiting the Town
LUTHERAN CON- ship of NEW HANOVER and other
GREGATION 0F HAN- i places thereunto adjacent lying in the
ovEn TOWNSHIP. County of Philadelphia HAVING as
sociated themselves into an Ecclesiastical Community determined

to purchase a piece of land whereon they might erect a Place of
Worship and a Grave Yard for burying their dead and it hap
pening that JOHN HENRY SPEooEL one of their Community and
Persuasion being at that time possessed of a large quantity of
land in these parts did willingly make a free gift and donation of
fifty acres of his land appropriating the same for the use
and behoof of the said LUTHERAN COMMUNITY forever request
ing the said Community to build a church, a School House, a
Grave Yard and what other suitable conveniences they thought
proper thereon-_And the said JOHN HENRY SPRoGEL ordered
Henry Pennello/zer forthwith to lay out and survey fifty acres of
his land for the use and intention above mentioned wherewith the
said Henry Pennebaker (did) comply and made Return with а
Draught of a Survey dated seventeen(th) of April in the
year 1719. Locating and bounding the same as follows: BEGIN
мкс at a post by a corner of George Не“: [and thence extending
by the same north east two hundred and seven perches to a small
hickorie thence by the line of Caspar Camp north west thirty
eight perchœ to a post thence by the land of Jacob E ppler south
west two hundred & seven perches to a post thence by the line of
Jacob Oyster south east thirty eight perches to the Place of BE
orxrvrNo-CONTAINING forty nine acres of [and as in and by the
Return & survey above mentioned-_Reference to them being had
may more at large appear And so soon as the said community ob
tained this survey in their favour they instantly made a contribu
tion among themselves wherewith they built a church, a school
house and other necessary conveniences with a Grave Yard on the
said above described Piece of Land and had the same compleatly
hnished about the Beginning of the year one thousand seven hun
dred & twenty one at which place the said Community have ever
since attended Divine Service, educated their children and buried
their dead-And also in or about the year one thousand seven
hundred 8c forty one the said Lutheran Congregation becoming
more numerous 8e too large for their House of Worship they made
new contributions and built a larger Church and School House
with other conveniences far preferrable to the former and have
had a quiet, peaceable and uninterrupted possession of the said
spott of land these twenty seven years past, yet it so fell out that
the Community aforesaid neglected to get a formal Conveyance
or Deed in writing from said _lol-1N HENRY SvRoGEL for the said
Piece of Land which to the perfect knowledge of us the persons
hereunto subscribing the said JOHN HENRY SPRoGEL now de
ceased was always willing and ready to do had the Community
aforesaid prepared a Conveyance ready for him to execute-These
are therefore certifying that we Valentine K. Geyger, John
George, Mathias Ringer, Kilian Хане, the above named Henry

Pennebaker, Arma Happin, widow and sister to the above men
tioned JOHN HENRY SPRoGEL and Johanna Christiana Sprogel,
widow of JoHN HENRY SPRoGEL JUNIOR and Frederick Rich
ards-Do hereby on our solemn oaths in the presence of ye Al~
mighty God and before John Potts Esqr. one of his Majesties
Justices of the Peace for ye County of Philadelphia aforesaid
Certify and Declare that John Henry Sprogel senior above men
tioned did in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred
and nineteen freely and voluntarily give and grant the above de
scribed piece of land with the appurtenances in the presence of Us
& many others then living for the proper Use and behoof of a
Lutherian Congregation forever And further for more ample
proof and confirmation of the same those lands that bounds on
the above described forty nine acres ‘Ага—оп the several courses
thereof altho at that time settled yet the persons possessing them А
had not conveyances made to them at the time the said forty nine
acres were laid out & surveyed for the use of a Church thereon
to be erected as aforesaid. Now all the deeds granted by the said
JOHN HENRY SPRoGEL зим, for the land adjoining the several
different courses of the above described forty nine acres of land
particularly and expressly bounds them on the several respective
courses of the Church lands vizt.-A conveyance under the Hand
& Seal of JOHN HENRY SPROGEL date the fourth day of May in
the year 1736 in favor of John George for one hundred acre: of
land (being a part of Caspar Camps land) the words in the Deed
are these (BEGINNING at a hickery marked for a corner thence
extending by the Church Land northwest sixty four perches to
another post &с) another conveyance granted by Christian
Ludouieh Sßrogell as Attorney for his brother the said JOHN
HENRY SPRooELL dated _the fourteenth day of April in the year
1726 in favor of Jacob Appler for one hundred and sixty three
acres of land the words in the said Deed are these: (bounded on
the north east by the Church Land 207 perches to a post &c) as
in and by the said respective Deeds 85 some others relation to
them being particularly had may more evidently appear. All

which concurring proofs & circumstances makes it clearly evident
beyond all contradiction that the above described forty nine acres
of land was freely given and dedicated by the said JOHN HENRY
SPROGELL for the use and behoof of said Lutherian Church and
Community forever and that the want of a formal Conveyance
under the Hand 8c Seal of the said JoHN HENRY SPRoGELL was
entirely owing to the sloath and neglect of the Elders and Church
Wardens of said congregation. Witness our Hands this tenth
day of February in the year 1746/7, containing this and the two
preceding pages, HENRY PANNEBAKER,
JoHANNA CHRIsTIANA SPRooELI., Widow,
JOHN FREDERICK RICHARDS,
VALENTINE GEYGER,
JOHN GEORGE,
ANNA HAPPIN, WМои),
8e Sister.
The several persons above named have signed in the presence
ofus JoHN CAMPBELL.
BALsER HovER.
Оп the 16th day of March 1746/7 appeared personally before
me John Potts Esqr., one of his Ищете: Justices of the Peace
for the County of Philadelphia the above mentioned Frederick
Richards, Valentine Geyger & Mathias Ringer who on their
solemn oaths did declare that the contents of the three preceding
pages was real truth.
Witness my Hand and Seal the day and date aforesaid
JOHN Роттз. (Seal)
Upon the sixth day of April in the year 1747 appeared person
ally before me John Potts Esqr. one of his Мигай: Justices
of the Peace for the County of Philadelphia the within named
¿una Hoppins, Widow, who on her solemn oath did declare that
the contents of these three preceding pages so far as relates to the
within mentioned donation or gift is real truth.
Witness my Hand & Seal the Day and Date aforesaid
JOHN PoTTs (Seal)
We John Campbell & Balrar Наши‘ do hereby on our solemn

oaths declare that we were then 8L there present when the within
mentioned Henry Pannebaker, Valentine Geyger, John George,
Mathias Ringer, Frederick Richards, Änna Нардам, Widow and
Johanna Christian Sprogell, Widow did with their own hands set
their names to the within writing and that the names of us John
Campbell 8c Balrar Houver as evidences thereto are of our own
hands writing. Sworn before me the above mentioned John Potts,
Esqr. the ninth day of April, 1747 JOHN POTTS (Seal)
Recorded Метем/1 day of April 1747.1
In testimony, That the above and foregoing is a copy of a
record as recorded in Book LETTERS or ATTORNEY-pages 24,
25, 26, 27 remaining on file in the Department of Internal Af
fairs of Pennsylvania, I have hereunto set my hand and caused
the Seal of said Department to be afiixed at Harrisburg, this
sixteenth-day of November A. D. 1908.
HENRY HoUCK. [SEAL]
Secretary of Iмета] dffairr.
The second deed recites the fact that Henry Mühlen

berg bought forty-nine acres of land from Thomas Pres
ton for a consideration of forty pounds ($106.66 2/3).
The witnesses to this document are _lohn Campbell and
Anna Sherrard. The date is October 20, 1749 about
two years and one-half after the above was drawn up.
Among other things it is stated that it is an indenture
containing a contract between Thomas Preston, of Phila
delphia, and Rev. Henry Muhlenberg. Among other
’ “These may Certifie all whome it may Concern That I Geo: Boone
the Subscriber hereof were appointed to draw a deed from lIohn Henry
Sprogel To and for a Certain Tract of Land given by him for the use of
the Lutherian Church or Congregation in Hanover Township, Draught
whereof was then given me which I have now in my Custody. But by
Some Disappointment to me at present not perfectly known I did not
proceed and So never Compleated the deed.
\Vitness my hand the 8lh Day of lune A. D. 1749."
Geo. BooNE.
things it recites that ~lohn Henry Sprogell, who had been in

lawful and peaceable possession of 22,377 acres of land
in the County of Philadelphia, had by indenture of release
of October 20, 1732, for a consideration mentioned, con
veyed 7,500 acres, a part of that larger tract, to Henry
Soams of London. The time for payment having expired
without payment being made, it reverted. Upon the
death of the elder Soams it came into possession of his
only son John, who died a short time thereafter intestate
and a bachelor. It then became lawfully vested in his
sisters, Catharine Yaldwyn and Mary Johns, both widows,
the only surviving children of Henry Soams, deceased.
Mrs. Yaldwyn administered, and the 7, 500 acres were sold
and deeded to Thomas Preston, October 8, 1748. Then
he sold 49 acres of this tract to Rev. H. Muhlenberg.
lt will not be necessary to give the bounds and courses
of this land. The transfer was made November 22,
1749, and record made May 10, 1751. There are other
indentures and contracts besides this for 21 acres and 142
perches, also for 5 acres and 40 perches. It is distinctly
stated in connection with these purchases that the land
was bought for the “special use, benefit and behoof of
the minister of the New Church of Hanover,” and
again it is specified that it is for the minister now in
service for said congregation. It is also stated that this
land is conveyed to Fredr. Michael Ziegenhagen and
Gotthilf Aug. Francke, for the use of the pastors and
school teachers of this congregation. Apparently the two
smaller tracts were located between the tract on which the
church was erected and that on which the parsonage was
located. Yet while the description indicates that these
smaller tracts were between the two larger ones, and that
the school house was built on one of them, there is no
clear proof at hand that such is the case.
CHAPTER III.
THE UNITED CoNGREGATIoNs.
Trappe, Falckner Swamp, Philadelphia and then Germantown. As

United into a Synod.
"I T would make this history en

tirely too lengthy to enter
into a detailed account of the ori
gin, organization and early strug
gles of the four congregations,
three of which united in the call
originally extended to Rev. H. M.
Mühlenberg. The fourth, seeing
the advantages of combining in
the work of the church, soon joined
them.
But it may not be amiss to pre
sent a short résumé of some of the
leading facts connected with the
history of each up to the time when the three first named
forwarded their earnest appeal to the authorities at Halle
to send them a capable and faithful pastor. The history
of the church at the Trappe has been made pretty familiar.
To get hold of some of the main facts it is only necessary
38
NEW HANOVER LUTHERAN CHURCH.
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ECCLESIASTICAL SEAL OF THE UNITED CONGREGATIONS OF

PHILADELPHIA, PROVIDENCE AND NEW HANOVER.
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The United Congregation. 39
to look carefully at the full and detailed history presented

by Rev. Kretschman in “ The Old Trappe Church.” Dot
terer’s “ Perkiomen Region ” also gives very valuable in
formation in regard to prominent men who have lived
there; H. M. Muhlenberg, the patriarch of the Lutheran
church in America, his two sons, Frederic August and
Henry Ernst, the one eminent as a statesman, and the other
as a scientist: Governor Francis R. Shunk, Mr. Fry, and
others prominent in the history of our country. But about
the church itself he gives little information.
ln the Halle Reports there is a pretty full sketch of
New Providence (Trappe) ; but it lacks the one great es
sential of accurate local history, viz., exact dates, positive
facts and clear accounts of the doings of the men who
made its history.
As we are not writing the history of the church at New
Providence it will not be necessary to go back to its origi
nal name, Landaw or Landau, or to that by which it was
subsequently known, the Trap, Treppe, or Trappe, which
ever it may have been. The history of this congregation
can, however, be traced back prior to 1730. According
to the earliest recorded baptisms by Rev. John Casper
Stoever, the indications are that services were held as
often and as regularly as possible prior to that time. And
while there may not have been what we in our day would
call a regularly organized congregation, undoubtedly the
men who preached and occasionally administered the sacra
ments would have been apt to assert that it was a congre
gation.
The second congregation to join in this pact was that of
New Hanover. It will therefore be unnecessary at this
point to go into further details as to its origin and progress
until an appeal for a pastor was sent to Halle.
The third congregation to join in this movement to se

cure an ordained pastor to take permanent charge of their
interests was the German Lutheran congregation at Phila~
delphia. The Halle Reports say “that Jacob Fabricius
preached to the German Lutherans here [Philadelphia]
from 1688-91. But they [the Lutherans] remained
without a church and without an organization; and this
state of things continued for decades.” They were after
wards served by John Christian Schulze, succeeded by Rea.
.Íohn Casper Stoever, who instituted church records, 1733.
But we see from the statements of Dr. Schmauk (Proceed
ings of the Pennsylvania-German Society, Vol. Xl., pp. 79
et seq., 1900) that the first services, German and English,
were held by Rev. Henry Bernhard Koester at German
town in 1694, upon the day of the arrival of that colony.
He also preached at Philadelphia in both languages. His
efforts there resulted in the organization of Christ Episco
pal Church. Не seems not to have had equal success in
bringing about an organization of the German Lutherans
before his return to Germany. This difference was no
doubt in great part owing to the fact that the established
church of England sent over a man to look after their
interests, while there seems to have been no one to look
after the spiritual interest of the Germans after Koester
had left to return to his native land, where he lived many
years afterwards. But even then he showed that he had
not forgotten his Lutheran confession and his Lutheran
principles.
These three congregations united in a joint call and in
an earnest appeal t0 the church authorities in Europe to
send them an ordained pastor to break to them the bread
of life. Nearly ten years before, in 1733, these same con
gregations had sent a most earnest appeal to Germany by
the hands of Rev. John Christian Schulze, who was then

their pastor, and had acted in that capacity for about a
year. With two of their number, Daniel Weissiger and
joh. Daniel Schöner, he was sent to England, Holland
and Germany, to collect funds to build churches and school~
houses, as well as to provide means of support for pas
tors and teachers laboring among them. In this first appeal
they say that several thousand Germans, mostly poor peo
ple, already occupied this territory, and without the sup
port they seek, there is great danger that their people will
be scattered among the various sects and that many will
return to heathenism. This appeal was signed by six of
their prominent men: Johann Becker, Hans George Her
ger, Adam Herrman, George Hollebach, ~Ioh. Nicol.
Crössman, Jacob Schrack.
Unfortunately the result of this first appeal was not very
encouraging. Schulze himself had not maintained his rep
utation for honesty, and was imprisoned for alleged misap
propriation of moneys collected. The other men returned
butwith very limited amounts. Altogether the congrega
tions seem to have profited very little pecuniarily and they
remained without pastoral care for a decade more. Not
withstanding this events теге progressing. During the
summer of 1734 Daniel Weissiger presented the request of
the congregations at Philadelphia, New Hanover and
Providence to Rev. Francke at Halle, setting forth that
they were exceedingly anxious to obtain a respectable pas
tor, capable of ministering to them faithfully and success
fully. Francke showed a disposition to accede to their
request; but he insisted that they must pledge themselves
to accept thefninister sent to them, pay his travelling ex
penses, provide for his support, and if need be provide for
his return.
Francke then consulted with Dr. Ziegenhagen, the Court

preacher at London, to whom these men had already
appealed. In reply to the requirements of Dr. Francke
and others, these people pointed to the fact that conditions
here were such as to make it impossible for them to accede
to them. They also declared that the assurances already
given involved a degree of self-denial even greater than
that which was expected of the minister to be sent to them.
They did not mean to allow a pastor to suffer, but they did
expect him to adapt himself to the local Conditions. They
now present a counter proposal. They suggest that the
costs of passage and a year’s support be taken from the col
lections, the balance to be devoted to building of churches
and schools, and besides to buy land on which the pastor,
with the addition of the “aeeidentia,” might secure his
support. To this Francke replied, that a young and inex
perienced man could not be depended upon, and a man of
any standing could hardly be persuaded to accept a position
under these conditions. Не gave them no encouragement.
Ziegenhagcn seemed to have been of the same mind. In
their reply the deacons certainly seem to have the better of
the argument, and the whole transaction and correspon
dence reveal an amazing similarity to many experiences in
all periods of the church, when those in positions of influ
ence and of high authority in the church seemingly show
greater regard for their own plans of prudent management
than for the Macedonian cry “come over and help us.”
This becomes all the more remarkable when the men ap
pealed to were considered as occupying the forefront and
highest rank and position in missionary effort, while the
call came from their own brethren in the faith who had
left home and friends and all for the sake of conscience and
of Christ. But these experiences are repeated continually

inthe history of the world, even in our own day.
In the meanwhile, however, this urgent call had been
presented to Rev. H. Muhlenberg.' The congregations
had given their assent to the choice. He was therefore
designated for this mission on the conditions: ( 1) That
it be for three years, with privilege to return at their ex
piration; (2) in case of return, expenses to be paid both
ways; (3) the traveling expenses, as well as salary, to be
paid from contributions in the hands of Dr. Ziegenhagen;
(4) the formal call, with conditions mentioned, he was to
receive from him (Ziegenhagen), as he held the call and
commission of the congregations.
lt will not be necessary to describe the departure and
farewell address of Muhlenberg when about to go away °
from home and friends, whom he was never again to meet
in this world. One recorded remark of his aged mother
when she heard that he was to depart for far-off America
will serve to show how this act of his was regarded.
When she heard that he was going to those distant parts,
she is said to have remarked dejectedly, that “ she would
rather follow him to his grave, than afterwards to hear
that he had been torn to pieces by the savages.”
We will not follow him on his journey of months across
the tempest-tossed Atlantic to Savannah, thence to Phila
delphia, after a delay of more than a month. Suñ'ice it to
say that on Thursday, November 25, he reached the end
of his journey. He set out the same day for New Han
over. On Saturday he met the officers of the congrega
tion, but he found the held actually already occupied, and
the congregation itself divided. Some were utterly indif
ferent and did not care for the church at all. Zinzendorf
had gainedtsome adherents, a certain N. Schmidt had been
accepted as the pastor by the congregation, and it was said

the Philadelphians, Germantowners and those at Provi
dence had committed themselves to the notorious Valentine
Kraft. This certainly was not a very promising outlook
for a man who had travelled three or four thousand miles
to take charge of a neglected field.
It is not made quite clear whether Germantown came
in immediately, as soon as the people saw that they had
now found a real pastor, but certain it is that no long time
elapsed until that congregation joined the other three and
they became four united congregations. According to
Rev. Mühlenberg’s diary, only three or four months had
elapsed before the Germantown congregation united with
the others.
As early as 1732 the three congregations, New Han
over, Philadelphia and New Providence, had combined,
under the name of united congregations, in sending Rev.
John Christian Schulze to Germany to secure aid for them.
Оп the first Sunday after his arrival in Pennsylvania,
Rev. Muhlenberg preached his introductory sermon at
New Hanover on 2 Cor. v, 19-20. It will not be neces
sary to present a detailed account of all the proposals
and offers, of discussions and debates about the proper
mode of procedure during these first days. The call as
well as the instructions from Dr. Ziegenhagen had been
read to the congregation, and Rev. Mühlenberg had re
turned to Philadelphia. Не did not come back to the
Swamp Church until December 20. He remained over
Christmas and celebrated the Lord's Supper for the first
time with his people, there being over one hundred com
municants. That evening the elders and deacons of the
New Hanover congregation, as well as those of New
Providence, entered into a formal agreement, with him,
"нт
‘

declaring that with thankful hearts they accepted Rev. H.
M. Mühlenberg as a lawfully ordained minister of the Gos
pel, sent upon their own earnest appeal by Rev. Fr. Ziegen
hagen. They also promised to provide the necessary liv
ing, to assist and sustain him in his office. This agreement
was signed-_deacons and elders of New Hanover, Christo
pher Withman, Matthias Ringer, Peter Conrad, Valentine
Geiger, ~iacob Aister, Martin Keblinger, George Jürger;
deacons and elders of Providence: John Nicol. Groessman,
,___gp-.`,_. _-
Frederic Marsteller, John George Benter, Nicolaus Bittel,
Geo. Groessman, Jacob Müller, John Geo. Groessman, the
saddler.
They also pledged themselves that they would not per
mit any man who could not show a regular call according
to Article XIV of the Augsburg Confession publicly to
preach or to administer the sacraments in their congrega
tion.
Rev. Muhlenberg at once entered zealously upon his
work, visiting New Hanover every four weeks. He irn
mediately took up the work of instructing the young, and
taught a class of young men ranging from seventeen to
twenty years their letters. Не also found it necessary
to give instruction in English and in music. Although
there was some division of sentiment, he soon secured har
mony among them and induced them to begin the erection
of a school house the following spring. lt may also be
worthy of note that the first catechumen whom Rev. Müh
lenberg confirmed at New Hanover, had received her in
struction in English.
lf space permitted it would be highly interesting to re
count some of Rev. H. M. Mühlenberg’s experiences upon
his arrival, especially with regard to the man Schmidt,
who was evidently an impostor and who at first proposed
to establish a rival congregation at New Hanover, but who

seems to have conducted himself in a more dignified and
honorable manner than either Valentine Kraft or Count
Zinzendorf. Neither of the latter two seems to have con
sidered it necessary to pay any regard Whatever to the ordi
nary rules of courtesy, and much less to those of order or
of honesty. Zinzendorf in accepting a “Record” and a
communion cup hlched from a Lutheran congregation by
a turncoat officer, and by appropriating the same for the
use of his adherents, showed that he utterly forgot or ig
nored all honesty. What the motives or purposes of these
men may have been, we shall not stop to inquire.
That Rev. Mühlenberg had a keen appreciation of
humor, is manifested in his reply to the rather uncalled
for but caustic question of Governor Thomas, upon his
(M.’s) first introduction to that worthy dignitary: “ What
is the reason that the Germans are so given to the habit
of beating their Wives ?” “ Presumably the reason is this:
the Germans have been a warlike people from the most
remote period, but being at present under a quaker gov
ernment, which does not look favorably upon martial ar
rangements, they do not want to lose their hereditary
bravery. They therefore seek to preserve it until needed
by these private exercises.” With this, he tells us, the
political discussion was ended.
He then describes the sad condition of the community
the lack of instruction, the ignorance of the young, the
spiritual destitution and the moral degradation. Even
after three months spent in the field Rev. Mühlenberg had
already become fully aware that one man could not pos
sibly do the work required. He therefore sent urgent
appeals to Halle. Brunnholz, Handschuh, Kurtz and
Н. Schaum, ere long, were sent to aid him. Soon others
followed.
It will be too far reaching for our present purpose to
enter upon the detailed description of the labors and ac
tivities during the six years following. Within three or
four months the three united congregations had become
four. Other congregations applied for pastors to preach
_. the word and to bring together their scattered members.
One after the other, they placed themselves under the di
.__ rection of Rev. Muhlenberg and those designated by him
until two to three dozen congregations were thus united
and seemed to recognize no other church authority than
that of Muhlenberg and his co-laborers. All this indi
cated that the time was here to enter into more formal
,_ -._
relations with one another-_that the time was ripe for the
organization of a synod. This step was now taken. Not
much space need be given to the consideration of the for
mation of a synod by the pastors of these united congre
gations. Cnly six years had elapsed since Rev. H. M.
Muhlenberg had landed at Philadelphia. The three
stipulated years during which he might return to his native
land had long since passed; it had become clearly evident
to him as well as to those who had sent him, that unless
they meant to abandon every prospect of building up the
church in this western land, he must remain, and instead of
recalling him they must send others to aid him in his work.
Since his arrival each year had seen more than the
original number added to the united congregations. And
yet there were still others asking to be received and to be
furnished with ministers under the reasonable guaranty
given by their union, that they would receive men of char
acter who could be depended upon to represent the church
well and favorably, and that they would labor faithfully

for its upbuilding.
We have thus far never seen an exact list of the congre
gations cooperating with Mühlenberg and the several pas
tors called by them at the time of the organization of the
synod, but in a report sent to Halle by Muhlenberg, Brunn
holz and Handschuh, such a list is furnished. Being their
joint work it can therefore be accepted as official and there
fore correct. They state that these congregations have
been supplied by them with the word and the sacraments,
viz.: Philadelphia, Cohenzi, Germantown, New Provi
dence, Pikestown, New Hanover, New Goschenhoppen,
Indianfield, Tulpehocken, Nordkiel, Yorktown beyond the
Susquehanna, Upper Milford, Saccon, Neshamony, Fork,
Tohek, Readingtown (Raritan) in Jersey, Raritan Hills
(Gebirge), New York, Hackensack-_twenty given by
name. But undoubtedly some were overlooked or else in
cluded in general terms. For without question Lancaster,
Strasburg, Earlingtown (New Holland) Heidelberg (St.
Daniel’s), probably Heidelberg (Schaefferstown), Mose
lem, Rockland, Oley Hills, and possibly Albany, New
York, and some others were served by pastors belonging to
synod. Reading, Berks Co., may not yet have been ad
mitted. At this time apparently thirty or more congrega
tions stood together.
Bringing these united congregations into one ecclesias
tical organization, a Synod, was the most important and
far-reaching step yet taken. It gave cohesion to the hith
erto disjointed elements, and enabled the pastors, as well
as their congregations, to pursue one common course along
one common line of action.
Although it seems to have differed in many respects
from synods of today, its organization was a long stride
forward. Up to this time, with the exception of the three

congregations uniting in the call to Muhlenberg, every con
gregation had acted for itself. It was in this disjointed
condition, every one doing as to him seemed best, that the
greatest danger lay. It was the source of greatest (ШН
culty in gathering the members of the Lutheran Church
into congregations. Very frequently congregations brought
together under the insidious influences of so-called inde
pendency, when gathered, were not Lutheran, but a nonde
script combination of beliefs and unbeliefs. It was this
spirit and tendency which gave Kraft, Andrea and others
of that stripe their foothold, and furnished Zinzendorf the
means for plaguing the church.
At first the synod actually was nothing but an association
of ministers, laboring together unitedly to secure the best
interests of the church. The lay representatives of the
congregations were really not members of it. They only
came to the place of meeting to present the needs and de
sires of their congregations to and through some pastor,
generally their own, and upon occasion being courteously
invited to do so, to lay before the organization the re
quests and desires of the congregation represented by them.
lt was not until 1794, forty-six years after the first or
ganization and six years after the death of its founder,
that the lay representatives of the congregations were ac
corded a voice and a vote upon the floor of the body. The
wisdom, or unwisdom, of the step we need not discuss;
suffice it to say that every one can readily see that it was
after a representative government had been fully estab
lished in this country, and that it was plainly an effort to
adapt the management of the affairs of the church to the
altered condition of affairs-a free church in a free
country.
CHAPTER IV.
THE PAsToRs WH0 HAVE SERVED THIS CHURCH.
Those before Mühlenberg. Muhlenberg and His Helpers. Mühlenberg’s
Successors.
шЕ do not deem it necessary

to say much about the
tradition that a minister had been
ordained by the Swedes for these
people in 1703. For if it is sup
posed to apply to the ordination
of Justus Falckner, who was so
ordained at Wicaco, it is clearly
a mistake. He left this vicinity
immediately after his ordination,
removing to New York and
preaching his first sermon as pas
tor there on the Sunday there
after. From that field he never
came back to New Hanover. If it is supposed to refer to
Daniel Falckner it is just as far off the mark. Не was an
ordained minister before that time. Dr. Schmauk sug
gests that it might be intended for his installation. While
there may be no clear proof of that, it would apparently
be the only solution consistent with the facts.
SO
Pastors who have Served this Church. 51
Why he devoted himself to secular pursuits, either in

connection with his duties as a minister or to the utter
neglect of the same, as some seem to think, we cannot say,
nor do we deem that at all necessary to the purposes of
this history.
But to show that these statements are not without foun
dation, it may be well to refer to some assertions made by
Dr. Sachse in his “German Pietists,” pp. 319 et seq.
The title of the Frankfort Land Company to the Manatawney

tract of 22,000 acres, confirmed October 25, 1701, [which Р] is
supposed to have been settled by Germans as early as 1700, by
emigrants who came over with Daniel Falckner upon his return.
The development of this tract, a part of which still bears his
name “ Fa1ckner’s Swamp,” occupied much of the time and
energy of the German Mystic, and as a result he gradually lost
his interest in Germantown civil affairs, as well as in the commun
ity he had been instrumental in establishing on the Wissahickon.
He then refers to Pastor Sande1’s account of his visit to

Manatawney, in company with Daniel Falckner, in the fall
of 1704, in which he says he assisted Falckner at the church
service on Sunday, October 15.
One of the first things he did in the new settlement was to

organize a congregation, build a church, and hold service accord`
ing to the Lutheran ritual. This humble structure, a mere rude
log cabin, without any attempt at ornamentation or architectural
beauty, with its sparse congregation and enthusiastic preacher, has
the distinction of being the first regular German Lutheran
church and organized congregation in the western world. It
served the congregation until 1721, when a more pretentious
building was erected, also of logs.
Dr. Schmauk seems to have shared the same view. He

says, p. 127,
On the return trip to Pennsylvania in 1700 Daniel Falckner is

supposed to have brought over with him the Germans who lo
cated in the Swamp and constituted the first permanent Lutheran
congregation in the Province. These Germans must have left
England on May 25, 1700, and arrived in Philadelphia during the
first days of August. They settled on the tract of the Frankfort
Land Company in that same year.
Dr. Sachse then quotes from the Halle Reports, that
It is quite possible that some Germans were already settled here

before 1700 and that the Swedish pastors in attending to their
own people discovered them and brought them to Falckner's atten
tion. . . . With Rudman, whose ecclesiastical dominion as Provost
extended to Douglasville, trying to learn German, and the Falck
ners attending Swedish services to set a good example to the Ger
mans, and with the two new tracts contiguous, it is natural that
Daniel Falckner should at once busy himself to organize a con
gregation in his own settlement.
That Daniel Falckner was regarded as the pastor of this

region is shown by the statement in Eric Tobias Björck's
"De мангалом,” which was published in 173 I to the effect
that the Manatawny region was named after “ Pastor
Falckner," a view which Acrelius shares. The " Gemein
sehaftlichds Schreiben ” of 17 54 mentions Falckner, “ with
Henkel and Stoever, as pastors who had been active in
Pennsylvania in the period under discussion. This tra
dition must have referred to Daniel Falckner and to his
work at Falckner’s Swamp.” Dr. Schmauk then refers
to the fact that only of late years people have been made
aware that this was the field of Daniel Falckner’s activity
Pastors who haue Served this Church. 53
and that Justus Falckner’s labors as pastor were confined

to New York.
But we must not overlook some statements made by all
the writers already quoted. Nearly all of these statements
imply that, for a period of fifty years or more before 1700,
German immigrants had been arriving singly and in small
squads and settling in various portions of Pennsylvania.
How else could we account for the settlements in Oley
prior to that time? How else could we explain the fact
that German names appear as taxables in some of those
districts, years before the time generally assigned as the
time of the organization of this congregation? What be
came of the fifty-four German families who came with
the Swedish immigration of 1638, of which Dr. Schmauk
tells us? Unless we mean to admit that these people had
fallen back into absolute heathenism, they must have had
occasional services and there must have been efforts at the
organization of churches at Falckner's Swamp and at Oley,
the two points at which the larger number of these people
were
May notfound;
thatwe might
have beensafely say the
the reason thatgr agbulk
` y pflthem.
'Henkel,
when he wanted to reach those people, settled at Colebrook
(Мс? This was only a few miles from Hill (Oley) Church
and hardly more than six or seven miles from New Han
over-perhaps even less, possibly at Boyertown or Bech
свыше, ог а point between the two. None of these points
is more than six miles from New Hanover. Beside all
this we must not forget that in two generations fifty-four
families would have become several hundred. And while
there is no statement, either traditional or documentary,
of which we have any knowledge, that Germans had settled
in this section and that they were looked after by the Swed
ish pastors on the Delaware, we do know that the coloniza
tion then undertaken ( 1638 et seq.) was religious, and Lu

theran. It was an effort of the great Chancellor Oxen
stiem to carry out the plans of his Great Chief Gustavus
Adolphus. The men who established that colony cer
tainly looked after the spiritual interests of all whom they
sent to the new world.1
Between the pastorate of Falckner and that of «Gerhardt
Henkel there is a period of about nine years unaccounted
for. And while there may be no positive proof of the
fact the statements of Rev. Daniel Falckner might readily
lead to the conclusion that the Swedish pastors interested
themselves in these people and provided them with occa
sional services. In fact, the statement of Rev. Falckner
as to the interest which he and his brother took in the study
of Swedish, and Provost Rudman’s agreement to supply
German services, might cause us to conclude that he (Rud
man) took care that the congregation was provided with
German services when they did not have a native pastor,
and that Sandel did the same. Would it be too much to
suppose that Rudman looked after them even before Falck
ner became their pastor?
The supply of their spiritual wants by Rev. Hesselius,
1720-23 and by Rev. Gabriel Falk, 1735-42, when they
were without a pastor of their own nationality, indicates
that this congregation was cared for by the Swedish pastors
at Molatton, sometimes by those at Wicaco and possibly
in earlier periods from the lower Delaware. Certainly
their relations were most friendly, and it is very probable
that most of the Swedish pastors were able to speak Ger
man. Some of the names might indicate that they were
of German extraction, e. g., Falk, Hesselius, Rudman.
‘СЕ. A Brief History of the Colony of New Sweden, Proceedings of
Pennsylvania-German Society, Vol. VIII.
We think we would be perfectly safe, therefore, in say

ing that Rev. Daniel Falckner was the organizer and
founder of this congregation, if it did not already exist
before he came there. While it might not be possible to
point to any definite record stating the fact, the circum
stances of the case seem to indicate this. At the same
time, it may be altogether possible that his brother Íustus
Falckner, while still a student, aided him in his work,
preaching at times and aiding him in looking after the spir
itual interests of the people.
After this first pastorate of Daniel Falckner, with a
possible supply of their wants by Rudman and Sandel, two
Swedish pastors, Rev. Gerhardt Henkel settled among
these people. According to a statement of Rev. John
Casper Stoever, sr., he (Henkel) had spent the first year
in this country, 1716, in his (Stoever’s) congregation in
Virginia. Thence he came northward and settled in this
section. Although there is some uncertainty in regard to
this relations to this church, it is certain that a part of
the time he resided in Colebrookdale, where his son-in
law, Valentine Geiger, had land. One of his sons also
resided there. About 1717 he commenced to serve this
congregation. Then for some reason or other he gave it
up fora few years, during which time (1720-23) it was
served by Rev. Samuel Hesselius, the first resident pastor
at Molatton. Then apparently Rev. Henkel resumed his
relations to this church, which he seems to have maintained
until his death, which is said to have occurred about
1728-30.
This brings us to the time when the two Stoevers, father
and son, arrived in America, September, 1728. That they
settled somewhere in this vicinity is generally conceded.
Infact we ник по question was raised as to lohn Cas
56 The New Hanover Lutheran Church.,
per Stoever, jr.’s activities in this section. That he spent

his time here and in Lancaster County (although not yet
ordained), at least some of it in this neighborhood, until
he made Lancaster County his permanent residence in the
fall of 1733, we think has never been questioned. But
where was the father? We are told he was called to Vir
ginia early in 1733. Where was he called from? Now
in the absence of all evidence to the contrary would it not
be natural to suppose that eastern Pennsylvania was his
home at the time of the call to Virginia? All the indica
cations point that way. The ship’s list says he was an
ordained minister and the son was a theological student.
Would it then seem far fetched if we were to suppose
that Rev. J. C. Stoever, sr., ofliciated as pastor of this
entire section and that his son, the “Studiosus,” acted as
his vicar, preaching and upon occasion possibly baptizing
children? If that should seem out of the ordinary to
some of us, it might be well to remember that that was a
very common practice fifty to sixty years ago. Then a
young man studying for the ministry would be sent to a
vacant field. He would not only preach and catechize,
but he would baptize. Any one looking over the minutes
of Synod of that period will find numerous instances in
which men would report baptisms almost an entire year
before they were licensed. Rev. H. M. Mühlenberg’s
assistants (helpers) did the same. We are not discussing
the propriety of the thing, but simply stating facts.
But to say the very least, the statements of the Halle
Reports on this subject are far from satisfactory. After
stating that Rev. C. Schulze, who had become pastor
in the fall of 1732, in the fall of 1733 went to Europe
together with the delegates Weissiger and Schoener, to seek
aid in Germany, it adds:
Pastors who ha've Served this Church. 57
Before this he had ordained Joh. Casp. Stoever, at the Trappe.

He, with a relative, who was a namesake and who removed to Vir
ginia, came to this country in 1728. The former served Philadel
phia, Providence, and probably also New Hanover, but moved to
New Holland, Lancaster Co., in the fall of that year.
We need hardly add that the Halle Report declares what

it does not understand. Neither do we, as We cannot make
a connected story out of its statements, because to us they
seem to be absolutely self-contradictory.
Speaking of the elder Stoever, after stating that Joh.
Casp. Stoever, sr., calls himself the first pastor of the con
gregation in Virginia it adds:
He took charge of the congregation in 1733. He also declares

that the congregation has been without a pastor and without any
services for sixteen years.
lt also states that it is not known where I. C. Stoever, sr.,

resided from 1728—33, when he received the call to Vir
ginia. It even makes the queer suggestion that he too
might have been ordained by Rev. J. C. Schultze. The
Pennsylvania Archives show clearly that he had entered
his name on the ship as an ordained minister. The brief
autobiography of the son, ]. С. Stoever, jr., makes the
same assertion. We might also add as a matter throwing
additional light on the activities of Rev. Gerhard Henkel,
that the Halle Reports, quoting from a publication of the
elder Stoever, says that he ( G. came to Virginia six
teen years before (in 1717) with the settlers. But he did
not remain a long time. “Не went to Pennsylvania, his
original destination.”
Note-According to the short account of an Ev. Luth. German Con
шатен at Spotsilvania, Hanover, 1737, it was undoubtedly the younger
Stoever who went to Virginia. The elder Stoever seems never to have
gone to Virginia.
Now all this indicates very clearly that C. Stoever, sr.,

spent the first five years of his residence in America some
where outside of Virginia-apparently, we think, in Penn
sylvania, in the vicinity of Philadelphia, Trappe, New
Hanover, and other places. It also shows conclusively
that I. C. Stoever, jr., was not ordained until his father
was about to leave, or had just left for Virginia. We
think we can readily understand why, un'der existing cir
cumstances, the father should not wish to ordain his own
son. It might also be possible that the son was satisfied to
remain without ordination, until he found that C.
Schultze’s trip to Europe and his father’s removal to Vir~
ginia would place him in a position very undesirable.
Yet all the circumstances would seem to indicate that
the father might either have been present on the occasion,
or having arranged all matters to his own satisfaction, had
left shortly before. It is certain that the ordination as
well as the marriage of John Casper Stoever, jr., took place
April 8, 1733. This is his own statement. Certainly
Rev. John Casper Stoever, sr., had not set out for Vir
ginia long before that time, if he had Set out at all. It
would not be surprising to find that the application of the
young man had the endorsement of the father, and was
made at the request, or call, of his own congregations, New
Holland, Muddy Creek, Hill or Quitapohila as it was then
called, Little Tulpehocken, Swatara, and possibly Lancas
ter and even Bieber Creek (Strasburg). He certainly had
regular services, and what he considered regular congrega
tions at the first four of these points and probably at all
of them. Не was certainly regarded as the regularly ac
cepted pastor. To us it has for some time seemed natural
10 regard him as having been ordained for this parish, to

which he removed a few months after his ordination, with
the right and privilege of performing the various actus
ministeriales in the congregations at Philadelphia, Trappe,
New Hanover, Germantown and all the territory connected
with them, during the absence of their own regular
in Europe. i pastor
Now without asserting that this was what occurred, for

nothing definite is known, what would be more natural
than that the father, about to start on that journey, and
knowing that he might not see his son on earth again,
should have accompanied him and Rev. Schultze to Muddy
Creek, than which no more central point could have been
found, to see that son ordained in the midst of his own
people, and to be just as publicly married with the father's
benediction? lt is certain, for the church record so states,
that Rev. C. Schultze baptized children here, at Muddy
Creek, either the week preceding or Within the three weeks
succeeding, during the month of April. Why should he
have made that trip of forty miles or more to do what
Stoever himself could have done, without making a special
trip, a few days later? Or why should he have interfered
in Stoever’s field afterwards?
Besides all this was there ever any authority other than
that of the “ Tulpehocken Confusion” for the statement
that he was ordained in a barn, or a tavern, at the Trappe?
The Halle Reports, in arguing the matter, continually
refer to that partisan document and try to show that the
ceremony took place in a barn and not in a tavern as
alleged there. Now we humbly submit that it is not
proven and should not be accepted as true upon so un
reliable an authority. For when good Christian people
so far forget themselves and their principles that they
become involved in open riot on the Lord’s day within the

temple of the Lord, they have no right to expect us to
accept their statements as to any of the details, especially
those derogatory to their opponents. This holds good as
to both parties to that controversy and to any of a similar
kind.
We say these things because that whole document is
nothing but a bitter attack upon C. Stoever for the pur
pose of defaming him and discrediting him, not only among
his own people, but among all others. If any one thinks
we use strong language, let him read that missive as well as
the “ broadside ” against Rev. Lische, and he will be con
vinced that it is really a very mild statement of the matter.
Rev. Lische, after he had wronged both Lutherans and
Reformed by betraying them in turning their church prop
erty in Donegal over to the Moravians, so that both Lu
therans and Reformed found themselves without a church
or congregation, плед his bargain and returned to the Re
formed. They turned upon him after they had used him,
and abused him without measure. Stoever, who was with
out doubt a rough man and one whom they could not bend
to their purposes, they abused because they could not use
him.
The record of baptisms at Moselem, Oley (Hill), New
Hanover and Stoever’s own record would indicate that for
several years he came back occasionally, at regular inter
vals, to hold services and to baptize the children. He may
have done so for a time, even after Gabriel Falk, the next
pastor, took charge. Falk apparently remained in charge
a considerable (Яше—{ют 1735—42 most of the time..
During parts of 1738-39, possibly during the entire two
years he was absent, in the south, in Carolina and Georgia.
But after his return he seems to have resumed his relations
to this congregation, for a time at least. But the fact

that when Rev.H. M. Muhlenberg arrived, in November,
1742, а certain N. Schmidt claimed to be the pastor,
shows that his relation to the congregation must not have
been altogether cordial, and that the congregation did not
desire it to be permanent. The statements of Rev. Dr.
Kretschman concerning these matters in his “ History of
the Trappe Church” are a virtual repetition of the ac
counts о? the Halle Reports. Besides, he seems not to
desire to enter into a discussion of the early history of this
church and congregation at New Hanover. It will there
fore not be necessary to quote from him in confirmation of
the statements already made.
Тнв РАзтокАтв 0F Rav. H. MÜHLENBERG AND Hrs

AssisrANTs.
It will not be necessary

to connect a sketch of the
life of Muhlenberg with this
history at this point. Yet
since We are treating of one
of his original congrega
tions, and certainly the old
est among them, we must
recount some of the inci
dents of his busy and trying
career, especially those most
directly connected with this
congregation.
We do not know that it has ever been distinctly stated
why he selected New Providence (The Trappe) as his
place of residence, although New Hanover was not only
62 The New Hanofuer Lutheran Church.
the oldest, but by far the strongest of the three united

congregations, which called him. It may have been be
cause the Trappe was most centrally located, so that he
could more readily reach the others. He may also have
been influenced by the fact that it was at or quite near to
the point where the two routes westward and northwest
ward diverged. The one followed the banks of the
Schuylkill to Reading and thence to the west through the
Lebanon valley. The other passed through the present
Boyertown, also along the edge of the Oley Hills and by
the “Hill " Church also to Reading. This latter road
again diverged northward leading through the gap in the
Lehigh Hills, at Long-swamp, to Allemaengel and over
the Blue Mountains to the eastern section of Schuylkill
County, at that time still a part of Berks.
Whatever may have been his purpose in locating there,
these advantages were secured. With a few short inter
missions, that was the place of his residence from the time
of his arrival in the fall of 1742 until the time of his death
in 1787. But what wonderful changes had not these
forty-five years wrought. From a few settlements along
the Delaware and its immediate vicinity and a sparse popu
lation distributed between it and the Susquehanna, and a
few straggling colonies northward along these streams, to
a prosperous commonwealth, peopled along its eastern
border almost to its northern boundary and westward
almost to the limits of its territory in that direction. Its
population had been doubled, trebled and possibly increased
fourfold in his day. Beginning with three, and then four
congregations, himself the sole pastor, their number had
increased to from three to four score here in Pennsylvania,
with others in New York and the distant South. Instead
of three or four united congregations there were two
synods, or conferences as they were sometimes named.

Instead of a few dependent colonies, helpless and looking
to Britain for protection, there was a young and vigorous
nation admitted to the councils of the nations of the earth,
-but we need not dwell on these things. Even greater
strides have been made since that day. For now more
congregations are admitted in а single year than the entire
church then contained.
Before his arrival all seems to have been disorder and
dire confusion. In fact this state of things did not cease
at once upon his arrival. During the first weeks and
months a certain aged and dilapidated minister named
Valentine Kraft (Mühlenberg calls him “ der alte Kraft ”),
tried to bar his way and impede his efforts by endeavoring
to induce Rev. H. M. Muhlenberg to recognize him as a
sort of ecclesiastical inspector and superior. Fortunately
for Mühlenberg and his congregations the man's character
seems to have been only too well known, so that his efforts
were appreciated at their true value. Whether he was
actually elected or called by any of the congregations may
well be doubted.
The character known as N. Schmidt seems to have
exerted even less influence, although apparently he may
have had the advantage of an actual election or call by at
least a portion of the congregation. But we will be par
doned for expressing a serious doubt as to the identity of
the person so named. We are not altogether prepared
to assert positively that some one not too Well versed in
matters of that kind, perhaps even the man himself, may
have placed the letter N. for M., i. e.l for Magister, or
by some other similar trifling mistake, made it appear that
N. is the initial letter of the man's first name. But we do
know that about the time here designated-_1 7 39 and 40—
a certain John George Schmidt oñiciated in this vicinity as

a Lutheran pastor. Thus the man himself wrote his name.
This is the name given him in a promissory note in which
four prominent members of Stoever’s Little Tulpehocken
Church bound themselves to pay him an annual salary for
services as a minister. When he transfers its payment
by order to George Boone, Esq., he writes his own name
John George Schmidt. This document gives his residence
as Colebrookdale. The declaration, placed in the corner
stone of the third church erected on the Oley Hills (Hill
Church) , states oflicially that the Hill Church was at that
time included in Colebrookdale District, i. e., Township.
The Halle Reports assert positively that this was the same
man who posed as pastor at New Hanover, a statement
that seems to be correct. So that if this man knew his
own name it certainly was John George Schmidt, and any
other name given him must be fanciful, or else it must be
a mistake. We can hardly think it conceivable, even with
the large number of itinerant preachers on hand, that there
should have been two named Schmidt, at the same time
in this same section. For J. G. Schmidt’s residence was
not over six to eight, and possibly not more than four to
five miles from New Hanover. But he seems to have
had very little influence. Besides all this, most of the
time, during the first one hundred and twenty-five to one
hundred and fifty years of their existence New Hanover
and Hill Church were connected in one and the same
parish.
Rev. H. M. Muhlenberg at once set himself to work
to try to improve the condition of things. Не organ
ized the school. Perhaps we should say, he put it on a
better basis. We will not go into the details as to his
labors and efforts in this direction in the other congre
Разгон who have Sere/ed this Church. 65
gations. But he soon succeeded in putting the school

at New Hanover on a better footing. One thing that
made his efforts in this direction more telling was the fact
that he could avail himself of the help of some of the men
sent to this country as teachers, and thus fit them for their
subsequent position as pastors of churches. He thus used
Schaum, the two Kurtzes and others. Не accomplished
two purposes. Не secured good schools with efficient
teachers, and at the same time he recruited the ranks of the
ministry.
But his congregations were also without suitable places
of worship. He at once set himself to work to supply
_nf that want. The two congregations at Philadelphia and
the Trappe seem to have been entirely without suitable
edifices of any kind. Rev. Muhlenberg did not let the
time pass by unimproved in this direction. Only a few
years elapsed (October 6, 1745) before St. Michael's had
a suitable home. At the Тгарре it was no longer neces
sary to meet in a barn. Не succeeded in inducing the
congregation at New Hanover to complete their church
building, begun in 1741, and later convinced them that they
needed larger quarters, better accommodation and equip
ment. As a result the present substantial building was
erected. Although this church has been remodeled and
beautified a number of times, it is still virtually the same
building erected during the pastorate of Rev. Louis Voigt
one hundred and forty-two years ago-bearing testimony
tothe substantial character of the work of those days.
This was but a small portion of the Work that rested
upon his shoulders. Не cared for numerous congrega
tions beside his own, supplying them occasionally with
preaching, guiding and counselling them in the erection
of churches and the securing of pastors. He was prac
tically the bishop, or Superintendent, of the Lutheran

Church in North America, without the specific title.
Northeastward his labors extended to Plainfield, Alle
maengel (now Albany) Berks County, New Germany
and New Germantown, New Jersey, and even into the
State of New York; westward and northwestward to
Northumberland, to the very limits of Civilization in that
direction, including what is now Union and Snyder Coun
ties; southward as far as the country extended. To the
eastward they could not well extend beyond the bounds
of his own parish, as that was limited by the sands of
Jersey and the ocean.
But as might readily be supposed, those who had sent
him being earnest men, and alive to the responsibilities in
volved, soon found assistants for him. While these
men are generally called his assistants, he himself desig
nates them as “ helpers.” Some of them were helpers in
the sense that they were expected to do special work, so
that the pastors might devote themselves more fully to
their specific work. The first two men sent to his assist
ance, strictly speaking might properly have been called
Co-pastors. lt is true they labored in different parts of the
territory, but they frequently appeared in each other’s
congregations. A late writer describes the situation thus:
That Pastor Muhlenberg would not be able always to do the

work which his call brought upon him in increasing measure, was
also perceived clearly by the three congregations, to which Ger
mantown had been added as a fourth. In 1743 already they au
thorized Professor Francke, in their name to call another pastor
as assistant to Mühlenberg, together with one or two catechists.
Не then continues :
As early as January 29, 1744, Francke wrote, “since the Lord

has opened the door in Pennsylvania, the large field absolutely de
manding that more laborers be sent, if the man already there is
W ._4_ 4 not to fall exhausted, upon his earnest request, backed by recom
mendations from England, 1 have endeavored to find a suitable
person to be sent as а second pastor. In addition there should be
a theological student (studiosus) found here, who could be sent.”
Several had already declined. From this he concluded

that they were not the proper persons. But while writing
thus he already had in view a man who had also been ге
commended by others, as a suitable man to be sent to
'
America. This was Peter Brunnholtz, born at Niebuhl,
~.’ Schleswick, educated at Halle. He was first employed at
the orphans’ home there and then as a catechist in an in
stitution not far distant, founded by а nobleman. He had
done well. Through his patron the call to Pennsylvania
was brought to his attention. February 29 he wrote to
Halle, virtually accepting. After a successful examina
tion, he pledged himself under oath, stating that, having
been regularly called by Aug. Gotthilf Francke, “ by virtue
0f authority vested in him by the Deacons and Elders of
the Ev. Lutheran congregations in Pennsylvania, espe
cially those in Philadelphia, New Hanover, Trappe and
Germantown "-not only himself to remain faithful to the
end to the pure and unadulterated word of God, as the
same is comprehended and presented rvery carefully in ас
cordance with the true intent of the spirit, in the three chief
symbols (creeds), and also more speeißcally in the genuine
Lutheran confessions, e. g. The Augsburg Confession,
The Драмы, The Smalcala' Articles, The Two Cate
chisms of Luther and The Formula Coneordiae, brie/ly
summarized from the Scriptures and plainly set forth, I
will also strife-e as far as in me lies, by the grace of God, to
instruct and edify the congregations entrusted to те, ас

cording to this rule, in that true Christian faith, and to
oppose all soul destroying error. I will also so conduct
myself as regards both doctrine and life, towards those
committed to me, and toward all men, as becometh me as a
servant of Christ, and as I shall be able to answer for at
the Judgment Bar of God.
We make no special comment on this specific and very
strong declaration of adherence to all the confessions of
the Lutheran Church, except to point out how sadly mis
taken or how poorly informed must be those men who
have been and still are citing these men as authority for
looseness of doctrine and confessional statement. In fact
it requires a great stretch of charity to believe that those
who thus cite these men are not grossly ignorant of the
facts of history, 0r else, that they deliberately falsify.
At Hamburg Brunnholtz was joined by two other men
who also figure in the history of this congregation and
the Lutheran Church, the catechists N. Kurtz and H.
Schaum. They too had received a vocation from the olli
cers of these congregations, through Dr. Francke. It was
expressly declared in the call_that they should be under
the Supervision of Muhlenberg and Brunnholtz, teaching
school and preaching when called upon. Although they
embarked at Gravesend, September 22, they only sailed
November 29, and arrived at Philadelphia, January 26,
1745. There was great rejoicing upon their arrival.
After one of the Deacons had brought them to his house
all joined in singing “ Praise the Lord, О, Му Soul,” and
united in a prayer of Thanksgiving.
It will not be necessary to repeat the story of the pe
culiar difliculties under which Mühlenberg had labored,
and it is useless to say that he greatly rejoiced when he
Pastors 'who Нагое Served this Church. 69
found that others would now help him to bear the burden.
These difficulties were by no means imaginary. First of
all he found a bitter opponent in the printer Christopher
Saur. Again he had to deal with a rude people, who
seemed to prefer irresponsible itinerants like Andreae,
who advised them to enjoy life and let others enjoy it too,
who seemed concerned only to let men gratify their pas
sions. According to Rev. Mühlenberg’s statements, those
fond of carousing were accustomed to say: “ As we must
pay our money to the preacher anyway, we may as well
hire a jolly fellow.” “This Mühlenberg is too strenu
ous for us.” He was publicly denounced by Andreae as a
pietist and a Moravian. They even attacked Mühlen
berg’s private character. But the concocter of that scheme
was compelled publicly to acknowledge that the accusa
tions were deliberate fabrications. Need we wonder that
the coming of these men is said to have rolled a great
stone from his heart?
As a late writer justly remarks, Brunnholtz proved а
strong reinforcement, particularly as the congregations
ratified the call in such form that he, like Muhlenberg,
was recognized as pastor of the joint congregations. As
early as 1745, after much consideration, this arrangement
was so modified that the town congregations were assigned
specifically to Brunnholtz and those of the country to
Muhlenberg. Yet everything was to be arranged and car
ried out by mutual agreements, exchanging pulpits occa
sionally.
However there was some difiiculty in fixing the position
and responsibilities of the catechists. It was found diffi
cult to designate the sphere of their activity, their rights
and their duties. The relation and intercourse of the two
pastors seems to have been always pleasant and cordial.
6
7o The New Hano'ver Lutheran Church.
Dealing with the catechists seems to have been a difficult

and delicate matter. Probably the difiiculty lay in the
untried and unsettled condition of affairs in this country.
These men had come away from a well-ordered and set
tled state of things, and it would have been almost strange
for them not to be affected by their environments. It
might almost have been expected that these young men
would give rein to their imagination and expect to be able
to set up at once as full-fledged pastors. They had studied
and prepared themselves where Mühlenberg and Brunn
holtz had studied and prepared, and why should they not
at once be placed on a par with them? Possibly too the
cause of their dissatisfaction lay in the fact that they, as
far as freedom from care and the necessity for personal
self-denial were concerned, were really better placed than
their superiors.
Rev. Handschuh, who reached this country nearly three
years after Mühlenberg, although subsequently pastor of
Philadelphia, seems not to have had any direct connection
with this congregation. But it does almost seem as if
this congregation had in reality been used as a training
school for ministers. It seems to have furnished the
largest number of graduates. It was here that the two
Kurtzes, Schaum, and Lucas Rauss were employed as
assistants and then became pastors. While it may pos
sibly be questioned that the latter was directly recognized
as an assistant of Mühlenberg, Rev. Brunnholtr. says dis
tinctly that Rauss was his assistant at Philadelphia and
that he sent him out to help Mühlenberg.
Unless the Halle Reports are entirely mistaken H. M.
Mühlenberg was the pastor of this congregation uninter
ruptedly from November, 1742, until October, 1762, a
period of twenty years. Vigera was his first assistant as
a teacher of the school. He was succeeded by I. Nicholas

Kurtz, who was his adjunct and helper in а wider sense,
for he not only taught the school, but he frequently
preached, at first memorizing other men’s sermons, and
_. ._ . then preaching some of his own. During all this time he
catechized the children from the spring of 1745 to Decem
ber, 1746, when he moved to rÍuIpehOcken.
John Albert VVeygandt, was there [N. H.] a short time during
1748. In the year 1752, at a conference held in January, Fred.
Schultz was assigned to New Hanover. He served New Goshen
_ _-„_
hoppen and Indian field at the same time, and left New Hanover
in the year 1754. In 1757 we find (I.) Wm. Kurtz there, but
next year he is sent to Tohickon. In the same year Rev. Joh.
Helfr. Schaum of Tohíckon was called to N. Hanover. In Apr.
1762 he removed to his own field. In May, 1762, Jacob Van
Визит}: became the assistant. October 12, 1763, he was or
dained as pastor.
It will be seen in this account that during some of the

years Rev. Muhlenberg alone served the congregation as
their pastor, or else called on such as may have been able to
help him. Although his two sons, Frederick A. and Henry
E., are classed among his successors, we have а very strong
suspicion, based on some known facts, that they were as
sistants or possibly substitutes or supplies rather than reg
ular pastors. Be this as it may, we will count them as
generally given, with those who succeeded their venerable
father. It will not be necessary to do much more than
simply enumerate those who are the
.
malned a fCW усах-5, . hav.
But he 0
“ly re
s
Germantown, 1765. 1n g moved to
Rev. Ludwig Voigt was the next pas.

tor. í He first resided at the Trapp@ 0,
Provldence and then at Pikestown,
. Chester County- Не served this con
gregatlon» 1765-76. lt was about this time that Rev.
Muhlenberg again settled at the Trappe and his two sons
aided him in caring for the churches. Frederick A. C.
Muhlenberg had been driven from New York shortly
before that city was captured by the British. It is not
made quite clear where he spent the latter part of 1776
and 1777, but in 1778 he appears as his father’s aid or
substitute both at New Hanover and Oley Hills. In
1779 he was elected to the legislature and he quitted the
ministry. ln 1779 and 1780 Rev. H. Ernst Mühlen
berg, the youngest of the sons, who had been third pastor
in Philadelphia and was compelled to fly when the city
was captured by the British, took his brother’s place.
According to notes furnished a Rev. Kiel or Kuehl
served the congregation in 1788. But we have so far
not seen his name mentioned elsewhere as a minister.
He evidently was preceded by Rev. Frederic Ernst, a cate
chist, who immediately succeeded Rev. H. E. Muhlen
berg. Не (Ernst) was succeeded by Rev. Christian
Streit, 1782-85. Rev. Daniel Lehman succeeded him, ap
parently as a supply from 1786-88. Whether Dr. Kunze
ever supplied the congregation or whether he simply ap
Pastors who hafve Served this Church. 73
peared as an occasional visitor cannot be stated. But

v
now the time and extent of the various pastorates become
more marked. Rev. F. Weinland was pastor from 1 789
to 1796; Rev. F. W. Geissenhainer, sr., D.D., 1796-1808;
Rev. Jacob Miller, D.D., 1809-29; Rev. Conrad Miller,
1829-52; Rev. Nathan Yaeger, close of 1852-57; Henry
Wendt, 1858-64; Rev. Abraham Groh, 1865-66; Rev.
_..s-_v- v_
Leonhard Groh, D.D., 1866-86; Rev. J. I. Kline, since
then. ln a sketch published in “Lutheran Zeitschrift,"
july, 1867, the name of Rev. j. G. Roeller intervenes be
tween those of Rev. F. Weinland and Dr. F. W. Geissen
hainer, sr.1
This is the list of pastors from Muhlenberg to L. Groh
as presented there: Muhlenberg, Weinland, Roeller, sr.,
Geissenhainer, Miller, C. Miller, Yaeger, Wendt, A.
Groh, L. Groh. It then adds-“ Towards the close of
the former century, Revs. H. Muhlenberg, Voigt, Kiel
and Catechist Ernst preached for a time, but no one re
mained here long.” It will be seen that this list em
braces hardly one half of the men who ofliciated as pastors,
assistants and supplies for this congregation since its or
ganization, more than two hundred years ago. We add
an approximate list, putting those into brackets whose
names are not certainly connected with the congregation.
(Rudman), Daniel Falckner, (Sandel), Gerhardt Henkel,
Samuel Hesselius, Gerhart Henkel again, (Joh. Casper
Stoever, sr.), john Caspar Stoever, jr., John Christian
1The congregations record clearly proves this a mistake. Scarcely any
time elapsed between the pastorate of Weinland and that of Geissenhainer.
August 21, 1796, Weinland presented his resignation. August 29, the con
gregation invited Geissenhainer to preach. October 13, he preached and
was elected for six years, from April next. So there was no other pastor in
the interim.
74 The Ne
Schultze, Gabriel Fal utheran Church.
Henry M. Mühlenberg, P. Brunnholtz, J N K
, . John Geo. Schmidt,
Albert Weygandt, Friedr.
(Dr. Kunze), F. Weinland n, Christian Sti-cit (Roellee),
I, Kline.
CHAPTER V.
SHORT BIOGRAPHICAL SKETcHEs or MINISTERs “то
D тнв СоыскнсАтюы.
SERVE
„JRST short biographies of
those of whom it is cer
tainly known that they have
served this congregation will be
given. This will be followed by
brief sketches of those concern
ing whom there is reasonable
doubt whether they served the
congregation or whether they
were even ordained ministers
at all.
The ñrst regular pastor evi
dently was Rev. Daniel Falckner.
His life is so interwoven with the
beginning of this church’s history, that it is almost impos
sible to give an account of one without referring to the
other. The most remarkable feature of the whole matter,
however, is that for almost two centuries his work and
activities in this place were ascribed to his brother. How
75
this happened we shall not stop to explain. But it is one

of those strange things which are sometimes brought about
by substituting tradition for actual facts, a state of things
which occurs only too frequently.
It might possibly occur to some that some of the writers
of sixty and seventy years ago were so intent upon prov
ing that the men of one hundred and fifty and two hun
dred years ago were disloyal to their church and to its
confessions that they overlooked the actual facts of history,
-that they were too busy, trying to establish pet theories
of their own, to take time to verify the facts as they really
are. The whole story therefore, except the mere fact of
the ordination of Justus Falckner, is found to be the prod
uct of a vivid imagination. And yet, notwithstanding
all these unfavorable statements, considering all the cir
cumstances, the people of that day (Falckner and Mühlen
berg) showed not only a firm attachment to the confessions
of the church, but an earnest zeal, and at the same time
put forth earnest and commendable efforts to provide the
scattered members of the church with the preaching of the
Gospel. Mühlenberg, justly styled the Patriarch of the
Lutheran Church in America, coming at a time when dis
order and confusion prevailed, and being specially fitted
for the work, brought order out of chaos. But it would
be a grave mistake, while granting him the preëminence
which he deserves, to suppose that he was the only one
who labored for the Church in those early days; or that
others had not labored before his time. While their suc
cess, perhaps, may not have been commensurate with their
opportunities, or our expectations, and while the results
may have been comparatively meagre, we must not forget
that their field was very difficult and their opportunities
were very limited, with no one to aid or encourage them
in their work.
Biographical Sketches of IVIínisters. 77
1. REv.DAN1sL FALCKNER.
Without going into details as to au

thorities referred to, it will be sufficient
to say that in this sketch we give much
of the substance of Dr. Schmauk’s
sketch of the Falckners, as found in the
Proceedings of the Pennsylvania-Ger
man Society, Vol. XI, pp. 104 et seq.,
with statements from Dr. Julius F. Sachse. Many of the
statements of this sketch will also apply to Justus Falckner.
The two brothers, Daniel and Justus Falckner, were
from Langen Reinsdorf, Diocese of Zwickau, in that part
of Saxony formerly known as the Margravate of Meissen.
Their ancestors had been ordained Lutheran ministers.
The grandfather, Christian Falckner, died November 5,
1658, and the father, Daniel Falckner, d. April 7, 1674,
had been pastors of Langen Reinsdorf. Daniel's children
were Paul Christian, b. February 2, 1662; Daniel, Ь. De
cember 25, 1666; a third child, name not given, and Jus
tus, b. November 22, 1672. The sons were educated
for the ministry and eventually ordained. “According
to the Berkenmeyer papers there can be no doubt whatever
as to Daniel Falckner's regular ordination.” Whether
he was ordained 1693, prior to his departure to America
or during his rvisit to Germany, is an open question, al
though most probably it ‘was at the latter period.
А detailed account of his relations to the Frankfort
Land Company, or of his relations to and connection with
the Germantown Mystics will not be given. While these
things might be interesting and even very instructive, they
are hardly germane to the subject. The statement of a
few principal facts must therefore be sufficient.
Не сате to America with Koester, Kelpius and the

Mystics. He was sent back to Europe. After his return
from that trip he took part in the civil government, “ be
came burgess of Germantown and in a year or two settled
down to married life.” He is last mentioned in connec
tion with the local affairs of Germantown in 1704. In
1708 he became the victim of a conspiracy, lost his prop
erty and was thrown into jail. Being utterly disheartened,
he accepted the invitation of his brother, Justus, to minister
to the Lutherans in East Jersey. Here he was installed
as pastor of several congregations, and “here he settled
for the remainder of his life. Two of his daughters
married parishioners.” Later he had eight congregations.
After the death of Joshua Kocherthal, 1719, and of Jus`
tus Falckner, 1723, for a short time, he served German
and Dutch Lutheran congregations between Albany and
Staten Island. When Rev. W. C. Berkenmeyer took
charge of his congregations, Daniel Falckner collected
money among his Jersey congregations for building a
church in New York city.” When the church was dedi
cated Rev. Berkenmeyer showed that he recognized the
validity of Falckner’s ordination. At the dedication of
Trinity Church, New York, June 29, 1729, Daniel Falck
ner ofliciated at the altar and warmest thanks were tend
ered him and his congregation by Pastor Berkenmeyer,
for their contributions.
“ Pastorius had vilified and maligned him, and Sprogel
had grievously wronged him, but nothing corroborative
of their charges has ever been found.” We will not enter
into a lengthy account of his trip to Europe towards the
close of 1698, whither he was sent by the leaders of the
colony at Germantown, “ to set forth the lamentable
state of the political as well as the religious condition of
Biographical Sketches of Ministers. 79
the Province [Pennsylvania].” During this journey he

visited Holland, Germany and England and aroused re
newed interest in the condition of the Germans here. His
visit and his publications did much to stimulate immigra
tion. Upon his return he was accompanied by several
theological students, one of them being his brother Ìustus.
His acts and doings as the head of the land company
need not be recited in detail. It will be sufficient to note
that his course led to the usual results. Не was defamed,
his name blackened and posterity was led to believe him
a monster. It was discovered only after almost two cen
turics had elapsed that these statements had no other foun
dation than the spiteful utterances of enemies, who found
their iniquitous plans thwarted by him. But he was finally
forced out of his position and compelled to yield the prop
erty to the conspirators.
The story of his connection with the organization of
this congregation need not be repeated here. It has al
ready been given. That he showed steadfastness of char
acter, adherence to principles, and firmness of conviction
is evinced by his refusal to ordain men as to whose fitness
and worthiness he had serious doubts, when they appealed
earnestly to him. The same spirit is manifest in his readi
ness to give up his congregations when the feebleness of
old age overtook him, although he knew himself to be des
titute and liable to become a burden to others. He died
in New Jersey in 1741. Although his name was over
looked for a long time, and his labors were depreciated,
we are glad to know that his name will pass into history
as that of the yirst regular pastor of the oldest Germatm
Lutheran Congregation in America.
2. REV. GERHARDT HENCKEL.1
“ Rev. Gerhard Henkel, who was a

German court preacher, came to
America about 1718 ”others say
1717-_“ and located at Germantown,
Pa.”2 He was a “descendant of
Count Henkel of Poeltzig, who was
instrumental in sending Rev. Mühlen
berg to America. Count Henkel was a descendant of
Johann Henkel, D.D., LL.D., born in Bietschau.” ln
the “ Biography of Gerhart Henkel,” it is given as Leut
schau, Hungary. He was father confessor to Queen Mary
(Maria) about 1530.
wasIt ordained
is further in
stated on good1692,”
February, authority
andthat
that“ he
“ he[Оwas a
court preacher, exiled by his sovereign against whose cor

ruption he had inveighed. In 1717 he came to Pennsyl
vania with a large family, some of whom were already
married.”
Some of the family, among them Valentine Geiger, a
son-in-law, settled at Swamp, i. e., New Hanover. He
also owned land in Colebrookdale Township. Gerhard
Henkel, jr., located at Colebrookdale, in the vicinity of the
Oley Hill Church. Some of them afterwards proceeded
to the south, Justus locating in North Carolina. Rev.
1 See SP1-:CML NOTE on page 161.
2According to the statement made by Rev. John Casper Stoever of
Virginia, in a publication issued at that time, he came to that section in 1716
and after remaining a year “went to Pennsylvania, his original destina
tion.” Apparently his home, for part of the time at least, was in Cole
brookdale Township, not far from the Oley Hill Church. Both his son
and namesake, Gerhard Henkel, as well as Valentine Geiger, his son-in
law, owned land in that vicinity. The latter also owned land at New
Hanover. The tracts, in all probability, were not more than four to six
miles apart.
Biographìcal Sketches of MЗатеи. 81
Henkel atonce took up the work of a minister and preached

atthe Swamp, Manatawny, Germantown, Oley (i. e., Oley
Hills or Colebrookdale), Tulpehocken (Reed’s church)
and possibly although not certainly, Moselem and Rockland.
The writer need not repeat at length what is said concern
ing the application of the term “ Anbauer des Amtes ” in
J. W. Early’s “Lutheran Ministers of Berks Co.” But
every one who has carefully read Muhlenberg's reports
will know that Muhlenberg himself explains the term
“Amtes” when he tells us he means a township and not a
congregation or an office in it. “ Valentine Geiger was the
oldest inhabitant of the said township (des besagten
Amtes)."
Concerning Henkel's relations to the ordination of Van
Dieran, or Von Thieren, as the Moravians called him,
it will be sufficient to say that Henkel himself says he did
not ordain him. Unless we have just reason to doubt
the man`s veracity that should settle the matter. But even
if he had ordained him it would be the part of common
charity to say that it was an error of judgment. He
would hardly have done it for the purpose of inducting an
unsuitable person into the office of the Christian Ministry.
But it may safely be said that the family of no man
(not even that of Muhlenberg who himself came to this
country from the fatherland) has furnished a longer line
of eminent descendants, who both in and out of the minis
try, have exerted a larger or more lasting influence upon
the Lutheran Church of this country. Rev. Henkel was
the first German Lutheran minister residing in Pennsyl
чаша to serve a congregation west of the Schuylkill.
Besides the pioneer himself, there were four sons and a
зон-111411111 active and prominent in the church in eastern
Pennsylvania. Paul, a great-grandson, was quite promi
nent and active as a Missionary in the South and West.

Dr. Solomon and Rev. Ambrose, his sons, established an
influential publishing-house at New Market, Va., in 1806.
Five sons of Rev. Paul Henkel, viz: Philip, David,
Charles of Ohio, Andrew of Indiana and Ambrose of
Virginia, were able and active Lutheran ministers. А
number of grandsons were also ministers-Eusebius, Dr.
P. C., of Conover, N. C.; Dr. D. M., of Catawissa, and
Dr. Socrates, of New Market, Va. Several of the Stire
walts were also grandsons-thirteen descendants, ten in the
direct male line, in the Lutheran Ministry, and every one,
as far as known, of unblemished character and acknowl
edged ability.
3. REV. SAMUEL HEssEuUs.

Rev. Hesselius was one of the
Swedish pastors at Molatton. From
1720 to 1723 he served this con
gregation as supply. History does
not tell us very much about the
man.
We are informed, however, that
Charles XII. of Sweden, whose
remarkable career has been graphically described by Vol
taire, as early as 1717 appointed him as pastor of the
Swedes along the Delaware, but without assigning him the
superintendency. In the meantime Jonas Lidman, who
was also designated for service in America, was appointed
pastor at Wicaco and Hesselius became his assistant, with
the expectation of securing the position at Christiana, then
occupied by his brother Andrew, as provost or superin
tendent. A short time afterwards Samuel Hesselius re
moved to the Swedish settlement at Manathanim, Bucks

Co., twenty miles from Philadelphia. Не also served
Ne's'haminy, nearby.
Being a native of Delacarlien, he was called from
that place to become a pastor in Pennsylvania. Dr. Jas
per Svedberg, Bishop of Skara, to whom the care of the
church in America was entrusted, appointed him as the
successor of Sandel. He was ordained April 27, 17 18, 111
the cathedral at Skara. His departure having been de
layed, Lidman was named as pastor at Wicaco and Hes
sclius became his assistant. Both arrived at Philadelphia,
December 3, 1719. Naturally the assistant cared for the
more remote points. At a meeting, March 27, 1720,
evidently embracing all parts of the congregation, those
from the upper section begged tearfully that Hesselius
he permitted to take up his residence among them. He
did so, serving Manathanim, preaching alternately there
and at Neshiminy. Matson’s Fort (Swedeland) below
Norristown, was added. Then Hesselius, whose mother
was а sister of Bishop Svedberg, became the first resident
pastor at Molatton. He remained until October, 1723.
Не then became the successor of his brother Andrew at
Christiana. lt will be seen from this that he served
New Hanover during his entire stay at Molatton.
The Halle Reports further state that he was a man of
excellent character, and that upon his return to Sweden he
carried with him excellent testimonials from his own peo
ple, as well as from the English pastors. After that he
became pastor at Rumfertuna, in the diocese of \Vesteras.
He was twice married, his second wife being Gertrude
Stille. She died at sea on the return trip. He had evi
dently conducted the services both at Molatton and at New
Hanover in small log churches, erected a considerable
time before he became the pastor. What has become of

the records, or whether he never kept any, we are unable
to say.
4. REV. JOHN CASPER SToEvER, JR.

This man probably organized more
churches than any one else, not even
excepting Muhlenberg himself. But
before entering upon a sketch of his
life and activities it may be well to
present his own brief autobiography
as prepared by himself a little less
than a year before his death.
After placing in his “ Record” the names of all his
children, the date of their birth and baptism, together
with the names of their sponsors, he appends the follow
ing statement.
John Caspar Stoever [he also had a son John Caspar], the
father of the children named above, was born December 21,
1707, in a place named Luedorf in Solinger Amt, Duchy Berg, in
Unter Pfaltz [Lower Palatinate]. His parents were John Cas
par Stoever, a native of Frankenburg in Hesse, and Gertrude
[family name not given] of Amt Solingen. When he was six
years of age he learned to read German perfectly in four weeks
under his father’s direction. After this he also commenced to
study Latin under his father’s direction. Subsequently he re
lceived private instruction in Latin and Greek from four pastors
successively, named H. Nicolaus Muentz, H. Samuel Bratschisch,
H. Valentine Kraft and H. Antonius Pfaffman, and later in the
languages named, as also in Hebrew and French, and likewise in
theology from H. Knabel and finally from H. Spencal [Superin
dendent] Adolph Ruefeld at Brumath, three hours [12 miles] from
Strasburg. Journeyed from Europe to America, 1728, on the Rhine
and on an ocean vessel, preaching on Sundays. Arrived in Penn

sylvania September 29, and continued to preach; ordained on
April 8, 1733, Ьу Christian Schultze, p. t. pastor in Philadelphia,
and was married at the same time to Maria Catarina. They be`
came the parents of the above named children [eleven]. His
wife was born May 14, 1715, at Lambesheim in Churpfaltz.
Her sponsor was Catharine Ursula Schmidt. Her parents were
Christian Murckling and his wife Catarina, nee Brucher. No
cember 2, 1778. Whilst I am writing this cursum vitae, my age
is by the grace and help of God 70 years, 10 months, 1 week and
5days.1
ln the original record the following was added in a

different hand: His full age, 71 y. 4 m. 3 w. and 2 days.
Не and his father carne to America in the ship “ James
Goodwill,” arriving at Philadelphia, September 1 1, 1728.
Evidently in preparing his autobiography he wrote from
memory and put a wrong date, or possibly the passengers
may not have been brought to land at once.
The son is recorded as a “ Theol. Stud,” and the father
as “ Missionaire.” To show that there should be no
doubt as to the proper relationship of these two mdn we
quote an extract from the diary of Bishop Spangenberg,
‘For reasons not necessary to be mentioned we give the stiflly literal
translation furnished in the Record as published by Dr. Egle in “Notes
and Queries.” We should perhaps add in justice to Dr. Schantz, that,
for some reason or other, he published the translation as contained in the
copy of “Stoever's Records,” placed in the archives at Philadelphia. A
smoother and less literal rendering would have been more readable and also
more desirable. The publishers of the Halle Reports should certainly' have
been able to find this document, which was in the hands of a шеи—шанс!
son of John Caspar Stoever of Pennsylvania, residing almost within call
ofthe chief editor in Philadelphia. It will be noticed that this too declares
indirectly that John Caspar Stoever, of Pennsylvania, is the son of John
Caspar Stoever of Virginia. For unless there were two Rev. John Caspar
Stoevers living at the same time in Germany, the Rev. John Caspar
Stoever who came to America with this one must have been his father.
7
of July 28, 1748. This was ten years after the father’s
death. He [Spangenberg] records the fact that he and
Matthew Rentz crossed the Blue Ridge to go to the Great
Forks of the Rappahannock. “ Beyond the mountains
there is a prosperous [starkes] settlement of Germans
and English. Here there is a regularly organized Lu
theran congregation. Its pastor is Rev. Klug. His pred
ecessor was the father of our [the] well known Stoever.”
This shows that at that day those even outside of the Lu
theran Church knew that these men were father and son.
This is taken from Moravian “ Records” >at Bethlehem.
We will not repeat here what was published in the Lu
theran Church Review during 1908, VlZ., that the elder
Stoever’s will was presented both at Philadelphia and in
Virginia, and that the younger Stoever there made oath
that he was the son and heir of the deceased. In other
words, Rev. John Caspar Stoever, Conestoga, declared
that the document presented by him was the last will and
testament of his father, John Casper Stoever of Virginia.
It will also be needless to repeat what has also been
stated in regard to his ordination-whether that occurred
in a barn or a tavern, whether at the Trappe or at Muddy
Creek, or at some other point. It will be sufficient to say
that the matter certainly is involved in considerable obscur
ity. Whether there ever was a respectable tradition that
it took place in a barn or in a tavern at the Trappe that
was not directly traceable to “The Confusion of Tulpe
hocken,” is certainly very doubtful. That this is a very
poor authority, certainly should be known to every one.
For its very evident purpose was to defame and to dis
credit Stoever, without very much regard to truth. The
only real fact that stands out unchallenged is that he was
ordained April 8, 1733, and that he was married at the
same time (zugleich). Another fact which we believe

is also unquestioned is that within six month after that
ordination he settled right in the midst of his congrega
tions. Still another fact is that the man who ordained
him baptized some of the children of one of his congrega
tions in the same month, or about the same time he was
ordained and married.
“ It would be impossible in a brief sketch to recount all
the labors and activities of the man. Although the Halle
Reports tell us that he settled at New Holland immedi
ately upon his arrival in this country, his labors were evi
dently distributed almost equally between the churches in
the vicinity of Philadelphia and those west and south of
the Schuylkill ” during the first five years of his residence
in America. If this be correct-and we are not calling
it into question-did his father live there too, or did he
not? Would it not seem to fit in with the circumstances of
the case, to suppose, that being less than twenty-one years
of age when he came to this country, being still unordained,
he remained a member of his father’s family until the
father moved to Virginia?
“Only after his ordination did he seem to confine him
1r
self almost entirely to Lancaster County and the territory
south and west of it. At first he apparently acted as as
sistant to Rev. Schultze, and possibly also to his father, of
whose held of labor up to the time of his settlement in Vir
ginia, we have thus far found no account.” Would it be
presumptuous to suppose, especially as Dr. Schmauk asserts
that the handwriting of the two is very hard to distinguish,
possibly cannot be distinguished, that many of the bap
tisms of those early years, some being performed in Eu
rope and some on the ocean, were those of the elder
Stoever. As Stoever, jr., dates nearly all his church
records and his own baptisms 1733 or after 1733, were

not all those prior to that time possibly performed by
Stoever, sr.?
Early in the fall of 1733 he settled at the Conestoga,
near New Holland, and confined his labors almost entirely
to that section from that time on. Не commenced church
records at Philadelphia, rfrappe, Lancaster, New Holland,
Muddy Creek, Hill Church (near Annville), Christ (Lit
tle Tulpehocken), York, Bindnagel’s, Lebanon. He had
charge of all these churches at one time or another, and
organized a number of them. Не organized the church
at York and served it ten years, 1733-43. He was also
pastor of the Swatara Church, afterwards transferred to
Jonestown, twenty to thirty years. He served the Sand
Hill Church about three miles south of Hummelstown a
number of years. Apparently he also organized and
served the Robeson and Allegheny churches in Berks
County. “ He also travelled beyond the Susquehanna in
a southwestern direction, penetrating almost to the center
of Virginia via the Shenandoah Valley, stopping in Mary
land оп the way, preaching to the scattered Lutherans and
baptizing their children.”
About 1760 he moved to Lebanon, the township, about
two miles west of the city. After that he confined his
labors mostly to that section, giving up most, if not all of
the congregations south of the present Lebanon County
line.
In 1763 he was admitted into the Ministerium. Al~
though cordially received, and the connection was соп
tinued, his relations to the synod sometimes were rather
strained, as shown by entries in some of the “ Records”
as well as by statements of the Halle Reports.
The fact that he had been involved in the “ Confusion of Tul

pehocken " and made very prominent in it, not only in the pam
phlet, but in the strife itself, would naturally, perhaps uncon
sciously, weaken the confidence of the parties in one another,
especially in view of the fact that efforts were made to bring him
back and that he did afterwards serve his original congregation at
Little Tulpehocken for several years.
“His death occurred on Ascension, May 13, 1779,

while confirming a class of catechumens at his own home
at Sunny Side (then known as Stoever’s Mill), nearly two
miles west of Lebanon, about a mile south by east of the
Hill Church.” His widow survived until October, 1795,
when she died at the advanced age of eighty years four
months and twenty-three days. The “Hill Church Rec
ord” says that besides the children still surviving, at the
time of her death there were 75 grandchildren and 52 great
grandchildren-a total of between 130 and 14o descen
dants. One of his descendants, Prof. M. L. Stoever, was
for many years Professor of Latin in Pennsylvania Col
lege. A monument has been erected to the memory of
John Casper Stoever at Hill Church.
It might perhaps even be questioned whether J. C.
Stoever, jr., had any direct connection with this congrega
tion at all. The records do not show such a connection.
Bearing in mind the fact that he was still in his minority
when he arrived here, and that he was not ordained before
April, 1733, it is but natural to ask again whether the
baptisms recorded at Moselem, at Oley Hills and other
points before 1733 were performed by him, or were they
his father’s acts?
There is nothing to justify the assumption that from
1727, when he was but a mere boy, less,than twenty years
of age, he went about for five or six years, baptizing with

out warrant, and in defiance of all order performing the
functions of a minister more than a year before he attained
his majority.
It is probably the confused and confusing statement of
the Halle Reports, Vol. 1, rev. edit., p. 36, which has led
some, we might say almost every one, to speak of him as
if this had been the case. Speaking of Rev. 101111 Christian
Schulze, the Reports make this statement:
Before this he had ordained 101111 Caspar Stoever, who with

his relative, a namesake, who moved to Virginia, had come to this
country in 1728, at Providence [The Trappe]. He [evidently
meaning the 101111 С. Stoever here mentioned and who was now
ordained] served Philadelphia, Providence as Well as New Han
over, but in the fall of the year he moved to New Holland, Lan
caster Co., Pa.
The writer is absolutely convinced that the man who

moved to New Holland in the fall of 1728 was Rev. 101111
Caspar Stoever, sr. Of course 101111 Caspar Stoever, jr.
settled there too, but as a member of his father’s family,
and not as a minister of the Gospel. All this would lead
to the conclusion that the ministerial acts performed in
these congregations, viz., New Hanover, Trappe and so
on, prior to 1733 were those of 101ш Caspar Stoever, sr.,
and that he was the man who oHiciated in those churches
at that time. This is the opinion of some, at least, and
there is hardly any room for any other opinion.
The “ Confusion von Tulpehocken,” being referred to
a number of times, it may be well to add an explanation.
It seems that some one had published an English letter
entitled “A Protestation of the Protestant Lutheran and
Reformed Religions, about the bad commotion which hap
pened on Sunday, the 18th of Iuly, T742.” Whilst the

writer does not know of the existence of a copy of this
document, it is made plainly evident by the statements of
the “Confusion von Tulpehocken,” that it existed and
charged that the Moravians and their adherents were the
instigators of the riot which occurred at the Tulpehocken
(Reed’s) Church on that day. This is emphatically
denied by the “Confusion von Tulpehocken," a German
pamphlet, of about twelve pages, of which there is a manu
script copy in the archives at Bethlehem, in the “ Church
Record” of the Reed’s Church deposited there. The
pamphlet presents the Moravian side of the story. It
charges all manner of wrong doing and iniquity upon John
Casper Stiever, as it calls Stoever. Its spirit is very bitter
and its language very severe. The writerknows of but a
single copy in existence in the hands of the family of Frank
Reed, who died a few years ago. A reprint may also be
found in our archives at Philadelphia, and in the historical
libraries at Gettysburg, and the Susquehanna University.
5. REV. JOHN CHRISTIAN SCHULTZE.
Concerning this man very little

is really known. Much that has
been written in the Halle Reports,
as well as elsewhere, seems to be
pure conjecture. Even in regard
to his oft-referred to trip to Ger
many to collect funds and to secure
the sending of ministers, much that
has been handed down in regard
to him and his doings, when thor
oughly sifted seems to be lacking in a solid foundation of
fact. Indeed many of the statements made are utterly
92 i The New Hanover Lutheran Church.
irreconcilable with each other, e. g., it can hardly be pos

sible that if he was imprisoned for embezzlement, he
would have gone to the West Indies to establish a publish
ing house with the proceeds of his collections. If he used
these proceeds thus, where did Weissiger get the money to
cut such a big figure on that trip? Why was Schultze
arrested and imprisoned if Weissiger spent all the money?
Where did Weissiger get all the money and the books
which he is alleged to have shown up, if Schultze had em
bezzled it and spent it? How did Weissiger manage to t
become quite wealthy, if he paid out everything to
straighten out his own accounts and those of Rev. J. Chris
tian Schultze? The accounts somehow or other cannot be
squared with each other.
But the following facts are known: For full details it
is only necessary to refer to the Halle Reports, p. 687.
John Christian Schultze (or Schulz) was born June 11,
1701, at Schainbach, Oberamt (County), Gerabronn,
Wuertemberg. His parents were Rev. John Valentine
Schultze and his wife Anna Juliana. His father was the
pastor of the place. The father was twice married. The
first wife was the woman named above. She was the
mother of two sons and four daughters. He was married
again to Frederica Cath. Mar-, who became the mother
of five daughters. Of the early training of John Chris
tian Schultze and of the circumstances which induced him
to come to America nothing is known. Whether he was
influenced by friends in Europe to follow some of his poor
forsaken brethren to America to minister to their spiritual
wants, or whether he was led by the spirit of adventure to
come to this new country and was then picked up by these
people, will probably never be certainly known. But his
coming to these people seems to be more in the nature of
Biographical Sketches of llíinisters. 93
а fortuitous circumstance than that of a deliberate purpose

on the part of either.
The place where he ended his days and how they were
ended are also matters involved in serious doubt. Accord
ing to one version for which his enemies, and particularly
the enemies of Stoever, seem to be responsible, he ended
his days in a prison cell. According to another version,
after being freed from his prison, he made 011 with some
of his ill-gotten gains and established a store and publish»
ing house in the ÑVest Indies. It seems, however, as if
both stories were slightly incorrect, and that probably, over
come by the chagrin and the shame attached to the charges
brought against him, he dropped out of sight. It certainly
would utterly break down any ordinary man to have such
charges brought against him, especially if he had become
entangled in shady transactions by a friend and fellow
traveller. This would prove all the more burdensome if
he saw that man profiting and being enriched, and him
self impoverished and despised, as the result of the entire
transaction. Very few men could rise above such experi
ences and endure them patiently and calmly. Whatever
may have been his end, his pastorate here was brief, prob
ably less than a year's duration, so no great movements were
inaugurated nor great results to be expected.
6. Rev. GABRIEL FALK.
Another of the Swedish pastors at
Molatton who served this congrega
tion was Rev. Gabriel Falk. With
the exception of the two years spent
in wandering about in the provinces
of Georgia and Carolina, he seems
to have served this field from 1735 till about the time of
Mühlenberg’s arrival.
Не сате to this country as a regularly ordained min

ister. He was selected by King Frederic I. (1720-51)
and ordained by Bishop Svedberg in the cathedral at Skara
and then furnished with the proper documents. Rev.
Falk Was a native of West Gothland or Gottland, although
his name might indicate that he was >of German origin.
That he ministered satisfactorily to Germans is shown by
the fact that he was pastor or supply of this congregation
for more than five years. In coming to this country he
had been shipwrecked at Cape Henlopen, barely escaping
with his life.
January 7, 1733, he became pastor at Wicaco.1 Un
fortunately he quarreled with a member of his church
council. Unable to substantiate grave charges, he was
fined heavily. He could not remain, although a parson
аде had been erected for him. He then removed to Мо
latton (Douglassville) . Soon he commenced the building
of the church, which, both according to Rev. Heilman and
the Halle Reports was the second edifice. From this time
on until his return to Europe, 1745, this seems to have
been his residence: perhaps it would be better to say his
headquarters. During parts of 1738 and 1739, if not dur
ing the entire two years, “ 11е wandered about in the prov
inces of Carolina and Georgia seeking employment as a
teacher and preacher among the English, and also among
the negroes, but showing himself everywhere unfit and
inefficient.”
He then returned to Molatton, where he had built a
church, 41736-37. Matters did not improve, not only
from lack of adaptability on his part, but also because of
the strenuous efforts of the Moravians to secure the con
lCf. Acrelius, pp. 269, original ed.
trol of the congregation, 1742-43. In these efforts they

well-nigh succeeded.
lf the statement of Rev. Clay,I one of his successors at
Wicaco, were to be accepted, he was put out of the minis
try. But this is certainly a mistake. He was simply dis
missed from the pastorate of the church at Wicaco (Gloria
Dei), but not deposed from the ministry. The Halle
Report’s summing up of the man’s characteristics, although
not charging that he was dismissed from the ministry,
would not prepossess any one greatly in lhis favor.
It is there stated that he was not without consider
able ability as a preacher. “But he was involved in
difńculty by bringing unsupported charges against a mem
ber of his church council, a man greatly esteemed. For
this he was fined £500, and was compelled to leave the
congregation.” After that we are told, that “ he travelled
`[rovedïl through Pennsylvania and the South, in Perrys
burg and Pohachocolas-appeared also among the Eng
lish, but proved himself unreliable in every instance,” and
yet we find him in charge at Molatton.
Possibly a hot temper, such as was shown when he
slapped the young Moravian preacher in the face, would
explain all. This would show why he did not seem to get
along well with the people, and why he was involved in
quarrels with his own officers.
7. N. SCHMIDT 0R JOHN GEO. SCHMIDT.

There is no doubt whatever as to the fact that, about
the time of the arrival of Rev. H. M. Mühlenberg, a man
by the name of Schmidt was accepted as the pastor of this
'This statement is made by Rev. J. C. Clay, who after the death of
Rev. Nicholas Colin, carried Gloria Dei (Wicaco) Church over into the
Episcopal fold. Cf. Justus Falckner, Pietist and Missionary, pp. 62.
96 The New Hanover Lutheran Chureh.
church. But there is serious doubt as to the identity and

the first name of the man. Rev. Mühlenberg states that
prior to his arrival a certain Mr. Schmidt was elected as
pastor. Не is also referred to in the Halle Reports.
With all this in view we still doubt exceedingly whether
there ever was a man by the name of Schmidt oñìciating
as a Lutheran minister in this church, or even in this
section, whose first namebegan with N.whether that
was meant for Nathan, Nicholas or Nathanael. The
only way те сап explain the matter would be on the as
sumption that either the man himself or some one else
meant to write M. for Magister and instead put the letter
N. We often find M. Mühlenberg, M. Kurtz, М.
Schulze and others.
But it will not be taken amiss if те point out the fact
that the statements of the Halle Reports are confusing.
First of all they say that this man began to play the rôle
of a pastor as early as 1736. They locate him both at
New Hanover and at the (Oley) Hill Church. It is
probable that he served both. But the name ]. М. Schmidt
appears as pastor there, 1780-82. Now while it is not
absolutely impossible that this should be one and the same
man it is altogether unlikely, especially if we remember
that this man, viz., M. Schmidt, removed to Virginia
and died there about 1800. It is an absolute certainty that
he is not identical with I. A. Schmidt of New York, against
whom the congregations were warned in 1796. А synod
would hardly warn its congregations against a man about
ninety years old. Besides these there was a John George
Schmidt, who resided in this section about 1736-45, who
claimed to be a Lutheran minister, receiving pay as such.
And while it may not be possible to prove that this is the
man, it is absolutely certain that if this is not the case
Biographical Sketehes of Ministers. 97
there must have been four men named Schmidt, regarded

as Lutheran ministers of whom the church has very little
definite knowledge.
Even at the risk of extending this sketch to a tedious
length we insert some of the statements of the Halle
Reports, together with some of the facts which are really
known. Whether it has any other authority than mere
tradition, we do not know. But the statement seems to
rest upon a report made by Rev. Muhlenberg. It says
that he was a quack dentist-that he set up as a pastor as
early as 1736.
But here is a promissory note, which may possibly throw
more light on the subject than all the traditions can.
BsnN TOWNSHIP 1N LANCASTER COUNTY, May 5, 1739.

We, the undersigned, promise to pay to John George Schmidt,
minister of the Lutheran Church in the township of Colebrook
dale, County'of Philadelphia, the sum of eight pounds-_four
pounds on or before November 16, 1739, and the other four
pounds the 16 day of May, 1740.
Witness our hands, in the township of Colebrookdale, in the
County of Philadelphia, May 5, 1739.
MATTHIAS SMITH,
CoNaATH SCHARF?,
JOHN KEPPLINGER,
JOHN ADoLP1-1 Нвшшсн.
111 July, 1741, this same man-he again signs his name
John George Schmidt-wrote an “ order ” to George
Boone, Esq., making the amount payable to him. Now
these things show several facts very clearly: (I), That
the man claimed to be pastor of a Lutheran congregation
in Colebrookdale Township. This was unquestionably the
Oley Hill Church, now St. Joseph’s in Pike Township.
In their declaration placed in the cornerstone at the time

of the building of their last church, all the ofiicers, with the
pastors of the two congregations, declare that this church
of the Oley Hills, was considered as belonging to Cole
brookdale. It is therefore evidently the church which this
man was then serving. (2) It also shows with absolute
certainty that the man serving the Oley Hill Church at that
time was called 101111 Geo. Schmidt. (3) It shows equally
clearly that if this 101111 Geo. Schmidt was not the one who
figured as pastor of New Hanover, there must have been
two men named Schmidt, posing as Lutheran pastors in
that section, at the same time. Whither the man went,
or what became of him, we cannot say. But we are free
to say that this man called N. or M. Schmidt referred to
a number of times by the Halle Reports as having been
pastor at New Hanover and at the Oley Hills, cannot
on any reasonable supposition be taken to be the same man
that served at Peaked Mountain and Charlotteville be
tween forty and fifty years later, and he cannot possibly
be the man who plagued the churches in New York State
from fifty to sixty years later.
8. REV. H. M. MÜHLENBERG, D.D.

It may perhaps seem remarkable
that Muhlenberg is already the
eighth and possibly the tenth or
eleventh pastor to serve this congre
gation during the first forty-live or
fifty years of its existence. There
were nearly as many changes in the
next fifty years.
Biographies, some quite full and others very meagre,
can be found in Jensen’s “American Lutheran Biogra
о
w___
_g.r_-W_-. w
He in Schierenbeck’s “Sketches” in German; one in

phies,”
the “English Lutheran Almanac” of 1851; another in
the “German Almanac” of 1861; in Dr. Mann’s “' Life
and Times of Mühlenberg; ” in “The Descendants of H.
M. Mühlenberg,” in the Proceedings of the Pennsylvania»
German Society, 1899; in the Pennsylvania-German, Vol.
l., No. 3; and in a “Life of Mühlenberg,” by Dr. Frick,
of Milwaukee. We simply give a brief outline of facts
and events connected with the man’s very busy life.
was a son of Nicholas Melchior Muhlenberg and
Anna Mary (Kleinschmidt). He was born September 6,
1711, at Eimbeck, Hanover, Germany. From the age of
seven until twelve he attended school continuously. His
studies were now interrupted by the necessity of helping
to support the family because of the death of his father.
At twenty-one he resumed his studies. Не was employed
as an assistant teacher at Zellerfeld and then entered upon
his theological studies in the new University of Goettingen,
upon a scholarship, provided by his native place, Eimbeck.
Then, 1738, he went to the University at Halle. In
1739, having been called as pastor and inspector of the
Orphan’s Home at Grosshennersdorf, near Herrnhut, he
was ordained.
September 6, 1741, he received a call from the congre
gations at Philadelphia, Trappe and New Hanover, Pa.,
through Dr. A. H. Francke, to whom the congregations
had sent an earnest appeal that he should secure a pastor
for them. He accepted, laid down his oflice and departed
for America on December 9, 1741. Не reached Lon
don via Holland, April 7, 1742. He tarried here, and
finally set out for his distant home on June 19. After
landing at Charleston, he proceeded to Ebenezer, Georgia,
reaching it September 21. Not finding a ship upon his re
498337
turn, October 20, he again stopped at Charleston, teaching

and preaching. Having found an opportunity to sail for
Philadelphia, November 12, he landed on the twenty-fifth.
Не at once made arrangements to go to New Нап
over, and preach there on the following Sunday. Не
afterward went to Trappe. On December 27 he was re
ceived by the congregations. A few months thereafter
Germantown united with the three already mentioned.
For two years and a half he served them alone. In 1745
Rev. Brunnholtz and Messrs. Schaum and Kurtz,cate
chists, came to his aid. Rev. Brunnholtz took more direct
charge of the town churches, Philadelphia and German
town, while Muhlenberg settled at the Trappe, serving it
and New Hanover and exercising a general supervision
over the outlying territory.
April 3o, 1745, he married Anna Mary, daughter of
Conrad Weiser the interpreter. He remained at the
Trappe until 1761 when for a time he transferred his resi
dence to Philadelphia. But after a stay of some years,
he returned to his former home, where he spent the re
mainder of his days. Besides serving his own congrega
tions, he cared for Oley Hills, Moselem, Allemaengel,
Tulpehocken and various other points throughout eastern
Pennsylvania. He aided the various congregations in
securing regular pastors viz., Wagner, Kurtz, Schaum,
Schumacher, Lehman and others throughout eastern Penn
sylvania. Не а150 preached the first sermon in Trinity,
Reading, and dedicated its church.
In 1748 the first Lutheran Synod, now the Evangelical
Lutheran Ministerium of Pennsylvania was organized in
large measure through his agency. He was frequently
elected its president and generally acted as its superinten
dent. Towards the close of life he was made its senior

and held the ofiice for life.
This is the description of the man as given by a certain
writer:
ln stature of medium size, somewhat thickset, robust, rather
stooped, countenance friendly and engaging, voice penetrating and
a melodious tenor, memory retentive, wit ripe and inexhaustible, a
good linguist, acquainted with chemistry, anatomy and medicine.
Played skillfully on the organ, the harp, the guitar and the violin,
and sang delightfully.
The University of Pennsylvania conferred the degree of

`D.D., upon him in 1784. It would be utterly impossible
to recount all his labors and journeyings in behalf of the
church in this brief biography. He died about midnight,
October 7, 1787. Не was buried at the Trappe, im
mediately north of the old church. Three sons perpet
uated his name, John Peter Gabriel, prominent as a gen
eral in the Revolutionary War, buried close to his father;
Frederic Augustus Conrad, a preacher, then a member
of Congress and speaker of the body, and Gotthilf Henry
Ernestus, for many years pastor of Trinity, Lancaster, Pa.,
and almost equally eminent with his father.
That his firm trust in his Saviour had not forsaken him
in his last hour is made manifest by the fact that with his
dying breath he repeated the last verse of Gerhardt’s
immortal “ Befiehl du deine Wege "-“ Commit thou all
thy griefs.” Unfortunately the hymn as contained in our
Church Book does not give a translation of that sublime
declaration of trust in Him. We therefore give it as
quoted by Dr. j. l/V. Richards, his grandson.
Mach End, О Herr, mach Ende
An aller unserer Noth,
Stärk unsere Fuess’ und Haende

Und lass, bis in den Tod,
Uns Allzeit deiner Pflege
Und Treu’ empfohlen seyn,
So gehen unsere Wege
Gewiss zum Himmel ein.
9. REV. PETER BRUNNHoLTz.

Rev. Peter Brunnholtz was the
first assistant pastor,l or rather the
coördinate pastor of H. M. Müh
lenberg. They were both called
by the United Congregations of
Philadelphia, Trappe, New Han
over and Germantown to serve as
their pastors, and upon the same
terms and conditions to minister
to them and any congregations adjoining. For several
years they did minister to them jointly, alternating very
frequently in their services. But it was soon found that
Mühlenberg, being strong and robust, while Brunnholtz
was rather feeble and not physically strong, it would be
better for the former to look afterthe two country churches,
while the latter devoted himself mainly to the town con
gregations, although they still frequently exchanged pul
pits. They also accompanied each other in the trips to out
lying fields, to Molatton, Oley Hills, Schwarzwald, etc.1
Не was born in Nübül, in the principality of Glück
burg, Duchy of Schleswig. “He was a candidate of
Theology at the time when Mühlenberg" so earnestly
pleaded for an assistant. He was selected with the ap
' In this sketch we follow the outline of Rev. J. W. Richards, D.D., in
the “Lutheran Almanac” of 1851.
Biographical Sketches of Aíinisters. 103
proval of all who knew him and of those who were ac

quainted with the state of things in Pennsylvania. He
was well grounded in theology. Не had acquitted him
self well in preaching and in the care for souls, also in serv
ing as a catechist on the estates of a Christian nobleman,
Hartman von Gensau of Farrenstadt, who was oflicially
connected with the Halle institution. After prayerful
consideration he accepted the call offered him by Dr.
Francke for America. He was ordained by the Stollber
gist Consistorium at Wernigerode, April 12, 1744. He
then continued his journey from Hanover to Hamburg
and England. November 29, 1744, he sailed from
Gravesend. After a stormy passage he arrived at Phila
delphia January 26, 1745. Mühlenberg received him
with great joy. They always remained fast friends. Не
was of a weak constitution and labored in Pennsylvania
only thirteen years. Не died July 5, 1758. He had
been confined to his bed three months. Не was interred
in the church at Philadelphia. As the Swedish provost
pleaded illness, and as both Mühlenberg and Handschuh
were too sad to undertake it, Wm. Kurtz, then a theologi
cal student, “delivered a parentation ” on Phil. II., 12,
13. Rev. Mühlenberg then “thanked the English por
tion (of those attending the funeral) in that language for
the respect shown to the dead, and re-conducted, accord
ing to custom, the funeral procession to the house of
mourning.” The funeral procession was “composed of
several professors of the academy, of the ministers of all
the churches and sects in the city, about fifteen in number,
and of a large concourse of citizens from town and coun
try.” Не “bequeathed his library to the church, and all
his money remaining after debts and legacies are paid, to
be applied to building a room at the church in which the
library is to be kept.” “ He left no children, having lived

in celibacy.”
10. REV. I. NICHOLAS KURTZ, D.D.

A brief sketch of this man’s life is found in the “ Lu
theran Almanac ” of 1851, and rather extensive ones in
jensen and Schìerenbeck.
Rev. J. N. Kurtz, D.D., was the first Lutheran minis
ter ordained by a synod in America. He came to Amer
ica with Rev. Brunnholtz. But he was simply a catechist
and teacher. He was descended from an old Protestant
family traced back as far as 1599.
He was born in Luetzenlinden, Principality of Nassau,
near Frankfort on the Mayne. He received his early
education in the gymnasium of his native place, in charge
of his father. At the age of ñfteen he wasl sent to the
high school at Geissen, where he spent seven years. He
also spent six months at the University of Halle. In
1744 he was appointed a missionary to America. He
landed at Philadelphia, January 15, 1745, accompanied
by Rev. Brunnholtz and H. Schaum, also a candidate.
He spent two years at New Hanover, preaching on Sun
days and teaching school during the week. All this time
he was a mere catechist.
DecembeiF 1746, he removed to Tulpehocken, and took
charge of Christ, Northkill, Heidelberg (St. Daniel's),
Atolheo (Rehrersburg) and other points. August 25,
1748, he was ordained at the first convention of synod.
The following year he also became pastor of Reed’s
Church, and later he preached also at Schaeflerstown and
possibly at other points. In 1765 he made a visitation of
the churches throughout New York and New jersey. Dur
ing1762 he removed to Germantown,which was distracted

very much. After restoring order there, he returned to
Tulpehocken.
ln 1770 he took charge of York and a number of соп—
gregations connected with it, exercising a general super
vision over the churches of that section. In later years
he was assisted by his son-in-law, Rev. Jacob Goering,
who also became his successor. He was the secretary of
synod for several years, and in later years its president.
May 28, 1788, he was unanimously elected senior-a life
office, the successor of Muhlenberg.
December 7, 1745, he married Anna Elizabeth Seidel.
They had eight sons and three daughters. The youngest
son, John Daniel, was for many years the pastor of the
Lutheran church at Baltimore, and a man of great influ
ence. One of the daughters was the wife of Rev. Jacob
Goering, known as the great preacher. Rev. J. N. Kurtz,
D.D., took up his residence at Baltimore in 1792, and
died there, May 12, 1794.
Dr. Benjamin Kurtz, at one time editor of the Lutheran
Observer, and very prominent in the General Synod, was
a grandson.
Rev. N. Kurtz took great delight in church music and
gave instruction in singing to his congregations. Schier
enbeck declares him to have been the most learned and
practical preacher of his day. He was a very fine Latin
scholar. Не also served as organist and secretary of the
congregations, as well as being their pastor.
ln the dark days of 1777 he collected clothing and other
necessaries for the soldiers. During the stay of Congress
at York, he entertained Bishop White, then chaplain of
Congress, the Spanish Embassador, then the French Ет
bassador, and finally, the member of congress from South

Carolina.
11. Rav. IoHN ALBERT WEYGANDT.

The information concerning this man is rather meagre.
It is derived almost entirely from the Halle Reports
and Schierenbeck’s sketch, which however seems to be
entirely derived from that source. Не was a native of
Hanau. He had studied at Halle. He was employed
by a party of emigrating Palatines at Frankfurt as their
pastor. They sailed in the ship “ Hampshire,” Capt.
Cheesman, from Rotterdam via Falmouth, reaching Phil
adelphia, Sept. 7, 1748. Many of them not being able
to pay their passage, were sold to service, and so the
congregation was scattered. Weygandt found himself
without employment. He was cordially received by
the Lutheran pastors. Rev. Muhlenberg took him to
his house and employed him in instructing his catechu
mens at New Hanover. There being congregations at
Redingtown, and other points of the Raritan district
needing spiritual supervision, he was sent thither where
he was visited the following year by Mühlenberg.
Through the agency of Muhlenberg he now received a
formal call from them to be their pastor. They have
had a great deal of trouble with a certain Magister Wolf,
one of “ the irregular pastors,” whom they had employed
for life. Weygandt’s call was therefore made a merely
temporary one to continue only “so long as he should
live and teach in accordance with the pure doctrine of the
Apostles and Prophets and all our Symbolical Books.”
But the call was not placed in his. hands, inasmuch as he
was not ordained. It was locked up in the Church Chest
by the elders of the congregation. He was furnished a
copy. In 1750 he was in attend-ance upon synod and

preached before it. In accordance with the resolution of
synod, he was ordained at Raritan in the fall of that year
by Revs. Brunnholtz, Hartwick, Handschuh, Schaum and
I. Nicholas Kurtz. At the same time the new church there
was dedicated. In 1751 he met Mühlenberg at Hackensack,
N. J., and also in New York, where he supplied the latter's
place for six weeks. Having received a call from those
congregations he became pastor in New York and Hack
insack, 1753. As late as 1760 we find him in attendance
upon synod and preaching there. It was he that recom
mended Rev. D. Schumacher to Pennsylvania. He had
the usual experiences of ministers-dif'r'iculties in his congre~
gation in New York. But he had become an invalid, and
in 1767 he resigned as pastor in New York. He preached
English, German and Dutch. From all this it is made
manifest that Albert Weygand was Rev. Mühlenberg’s
assistant at New Hanover in a very limited sense and but
a very short time. '
12. REV. FREDERIC SCHULZE.

Rev. Frederic Schulze was born at Koenigsberg, the
capital of the Province of Prussia, a strongly fortified city.
After completing his preparatory studies, he entered the
university at Halle, and then was for a time actively en
gaged in the Orphan’s Home there.
Having agreed to enter the service of the church in
America, in company with Rev. Heintzelman, he set out
from Halle, via London, in ~Iuly, 1751. But it was
deemed necessary that they should be ordained before
leaving Germany, so that they might be empowered to
perform necessary ministerial acts. Therefore they jour
neyed via Wernigerode. They were examined, and July

11 they were ordained by the consistorium. They con
tinued their journey via Magdeburg, Stendal, Saltzwedel
and reached Hamburg, August 4. On the eleventh they
again entered ship and reached London, September 2.
After a short time spent with Dr. Ziegenhagen, they again
took ship at Gravesend, October 17, and after “ a brief
voyage of eight weeks reached Phil-adelphia.”
Here they were at once put to work by the senior pas
tors. Heintzelman was to assist Brunnholtz by teaching
,the school, and also by supplying his pulpit at Philadel
phia, as well as Germantown. Rev. Schulze settled at
New Hanover, taking charge of the school and preaching
there as well as in other congregations served by Mühlen
berg. The following year he also took charge of Gosh
enhoppen and preached there every two weeks. He also
supplied Mühlenberg's entire field during the latter’s ab
sence in New York, 1752. By agreement with the synod
at its meeting in September, he removed to New Gosh
enhoppen, and the next year took charge of Indianfield
also.
But now he disappears from view. In 1759 neither his
name nor that of these congregations is mentioned in the
minutes and as early as 1762 they were served by Rev.
Jacob Roth.
From documents in the archives at Halle we learn that,
not long after his arrival in this country, he purchased a
farm, and likewise engaged in the practice of medicine,
which he had studied. Dr. Francke also acknowledged
that he had his doubts about the propriety of sending the
man.
In 1772 his name again appears as the pastor of the
congregation at Lunenberg, Nova Scotia. Here he laid
down his oilice in 1782. Nothing further that is reliable

is known of him. А statement in the Evangelical Review,
Vol. XV., p. 173, without however giving any definite
authority, declares that he died in 1809.
13. REV. JOHN Нвьгквснт SCHAUM.

In company with N. Kurtz and Rev. Peter Brunn
holtz, Mr. Schaum came to America, via Hamburg and
London. They set out ~Íuly 1, 1744, reached London,
November 29, and arrived at Philadelphia, January 26,
1745. Н15 birthplace was Geissen, Germany. His
father was the schoolmaster at Muenchholzhausen. I.
H. Schaum was trained at Halle and completed his studies
at the university there. Не was a personal friend of Dr.
A. H. Francke.
Immediately upon his arrival he was employed as a
preacher at Philadelphia. During 1746 and 1747 he also
served as deacon or catechist at Somerset (Raritan), N.
I. He received very detailed instructions-to preach not
over half an hour, to catechize the young, the instructions
not to exceed half an hour at a time. Не was also au
thorized to baptize children and to solemnize marriages.
ln the spring of 1748, the congregation at York being
vacant, he was sent there, and remained seven years. Не
was ordained in 1749 at Lancaster. The service closed
with the Lord’s Supper. ln 1755 he removed to То
hickon, serving it with several congregations in the vicinity.
In 1759 he went to New Hanover, and assisted Dr.
Muhlenberg every four weeks, besides preaching in his own
congregations at Oley Hills, Pikeland and Upper Dublin,
the latter being twenty-seven miles from his residence. Not
long after his home was at Pikestown, apparently the same
as Pikeland. In 1763 he had taken up his residence at

Weidenthal, not Whitehall, as stated by Schierenbeck.
It is not known that he ever served any congregations
in that section. Weidenthal (Willowdale) is now known
to have been only another name for Gley Hills. Rev.
D. Schumacher so designates the place where some of
his baptisms were performed, and where some of the
confirmations took place. In one case he says simply
at WVeidenthal or Oley Hills, in another at Weidenthal,
alias Oleyer Gebirge. Some of the people yet living
also recall the fact, that even within the memory of the
present generation the plateau from Lobachsville to
Hill church was known by that name. Не also served
Moselem, Ontelannee (although possibly this is meant for
the same congregation, or for Moselem and New Bethel
in Albany Township), Maxatawny, now Kutztown, and
Rockland, where he finally took up his residence and died.
December 4, 1750, he married Anna Eve, daughter of
Balthaser Pickel, an elder of the church at Raritan. She
and her only child died in 1752. August 7, 1753, he
married a second time, Mary Dorothea Stumpf, Lancas
ter, Pa.
During his troubles at York, Pa., he had proposed to
return to Germany, but was kept from doing so by the
advice of Mühlenberg and others. His troubles were
probably increased by his bodily infirmities. He never re
covered his health and vigor after his exposure at Raritan
during his trip to the church dedication there. Upon this
occasion his first marriage occurred. It was during this
trip that he was compelled to spend an entire night in the
open forest during December. The bodily infirmiuies
brought on by this exposure-we presume it would be
called sciatica now-always hampered him in his work.
Biographical Sketches of Ministers. 11 1
Не died january 26, 1778, leaving a widow and six chil

dren. Не was buried under the pulpit of the old church
at Rockland.
I4. REV. JOHN WILLIAM KURTZ.

Rev. John William Kurtz is almost universally known
simply as William Kurtz. The writer himself did not
know that his full name was John William until he acci
_ dentally came across the absolute proof of the fact. Being
a younger brother of Nicholas Kurtz, he often went by
the name of “ 111е younger Kurtz.” He came to America
at the request of his older brother and with the approval
of Dr. Francke.
Не taught school at York in 1756, and also supplied
the pulpit of that congregation. In 1757 he was em
ployed by H. M. Mühlenberg as his assistant. In 1758
.he was assigned to Tohickon. Here he seems to have re
mained until 1760. October 20 of that year, upon the ur
gent request of several congregations in Heidelberg
(Berks and Lebanon most probably), who desired him to
become their pastor, he was examined by the ministerium.
No license is mentioned. Presumably, however, that was
granted, although possibly it was not, as it was resolved
to ordain him. The ordination took place at Lancaster
in May, 1761, and he became the adjunct of his brother
in the Tulpehocken parish. In 1763 11е accepted a call
to Earlingtown (New Holland) and Conestoga. The
location of this latter point is uncertain. It might be in
tended for Robeson, or Allegheny, where there were Lu
theran congregations at the time, which for many years
were connected with New Holland. But it might also be
Bergstrass, or even Morgantown, Churchtown or Centre
Church, where the Lutherans certainly held services if

they did not have regularly organized congregations. In
this field he remained until 1779. Possibly too, as sug
gested by the Halle Reports, Vol. l., p. 232, during the
last few years he again assisted Mühlenberg at New
Hanover. In 1780 he seems to have been without con
gregations. In 1781 he settled at Lebanon, serving it and
congregations west of it, i. e., Hill Church and Bindnagel’s
most probably, until 1794. Rev. Snyder, pastor at Hum
melstown, says he also se'rved that congregation, 1781- .
1795. Schierenbeck, who is probably nearer correct, makes
it 1781-1799. He probably also served the Sand Hill
Church, about three miles south of Hummelstown, during
the greater part of this time, as well as Jonestown, which
was the Swatara Church transferred to the town in 1765.
Не also was pastor of St. Jacob’s, about two miles west
of Pinegrove, from the time of its organization until 1795.
In 1794 he took up his residence at Jonestown, where he
died, May 27, 1799. Не is buried there.
He was unusually well versed in the ancient languages.
It is stated that at his examination he was directed to turn
to the third chapter of First Corinthians, and render it in
Latin, which he did without hesitation. He was then
directed to read two Psalms in Hebrew. This he did,
rendering them fluently and correctly in Latin. The
Swedish Provost then examined him in regard to some
doctrinal points, also in Latin. All these he answered
clearly and satisfactorily in the same language. It was
thereupon agreed that he should be ordained at the next
convention of the ministerium.
Notwithstanding all this he does not seem to have been
very successful as a pastor, and his later years were embit
tered by the knowledge that he was not wanted by some of
his congregations. This may possibly have been owing to

the fact that he obtained his early training in the almost
cloistered solitude of the orphans’ home, and not among
the people in the everyday walks of life.
15. Rev. JACOB VAN BUSKERK.

This man and Rev. Christian Streit seem to have been
the first two native ministers of the Lutheran Church of
this country besides the sons of Muhlenberg. Both were
natives of New Jersey. The statements of the Halle Re
ports indicate that Rev. Buskerk was born February 9,
1739
As his name indicates, he was of Dutch descent. Be
tween 1680 and 1690 a colony of Hollanders had settled
in that vicinity, generally known as the Raritan. They
soon organized a Lutheran congregation. At the present
day some Lutheran churches are to be found in that section
-New Germantown and German Valley. The Van Bus
kerks were among the most prominent and influential
families at that early day. The father of Rev. Van
Buskerk, residing in the vicinity of Hackinsack, was a man
of considerable means.
Albert
For Weygand,
four yearswho
thehad charge
young manof studied
the Lutheran
under churches
Rev.
in that part of New Jersey. October 12, 1763, he was

ordained by the Swedish Provost “Панды, and became
an assistant of Muhlenberg at New Hanover; Schieten
beck says, as pastor. We confess we cannot explain to our
own satisfaction why this man was ordained by the Swedish
Provost, when others were ordained by and before the
assembled synod.
He served New Hanover and acted as Rev. Muhlen
114 The New Hanar/er Lutheran Church.
berg’s substitute at the Trappe and at Zion, generally

known as Pikestown, Chester Co., until 1765. Then he
was called to Germantown, where he remained until 1769.
Having received a call to Macungy, he removed thither,
serving Salisbury, Saccum (Saucon) and Upper Milford
in connection with it. Here he remained until 1793.
Не purchased a large tract of land near the Macungy
Church, also a tannery. A large part of it is still in the
possession of some of his descendants, the Singmasters.
In 1793 he resigned this charge and removed to Gwyn
edd, serving it, Whitpain and Upper Dublin. Here he
bought another farm. But in 1795 he returned to Ma
cungy, Salisbury and Saucon. He however continued to
serve the Gwynedd charge in connection with that at Ma
cungy. He preached in the so-called Yellow Church, just
beyond the limits of the village of North Wales, on the
Sunday before his death, which occurred August 5, 1800.
Не was but sixty-seven years, five months and twenty-six
days old. He was the father of twelve children.
Не made a copy of the liturgy or form of service then
in use with his own hands. This and an imperfect copy
made by Peter Muhlenberg are said to be the only origi
nal copies in existence.
16. Rev. JOHN LUDWIG VoIGT (FocHT).

Rev. John Ludwig Voigt was born at Mansfield, Ger
many, November 9, 1731. After a regular course of
training for the ministry he was employed for a time as a
teacher at Halle. He finally became inspector of the
German school there. He was then examined and ordained
at Wernigerode and started with Rev. Krug for America,
via Holland and London, where they arrived, November
14, 1763. They landed at Philadelphia, April 1, 1764.
Biographical Sketches о] 1И1п5лсг5. 115
Rev. Voigt at once took charge of Germantown and

Barren Hill. He left this field, December, 1765, and re
moved to New Hanover, and with it served the Trappe
and Zion's, then known as Vincent, near Phœnixville. He
seems to have remained here about twenty years. During
the earlier part of his ministry here he apparently took
care of the Hill Church likewise, which seems generally
to have been connected with New Hanover, until about
forty-five years ago.
ln 1786 he located at Piketown, or Zion’s, and St.
Peter’s, not far distant. The latter congregation he had
organized. Не also served Pottstown, besides being Dr.
Mühlenberg's substitute at the Trappe. December 28,
1800, when in his seventieth year, he died. He is buried
close by the church.
Не was the seventh man sent from Halle to Pennsyl
vania. He preached Rev. H. M. Mühlenberg’s funeral
sermon. Не was considerably annoyed by being charged
with being a tory, having objected to unnecessary desecra
tion of his church when it was seized as a hospital. From
Muhlenberg@ own statements it is evident that he thought
that the charge had no foundation in fact. This may be
accounted for from the fact that during his pastorate at
New Hanover the present church building was erected, and
the same being then new he may have desired to protect
its beauty as well as its sanctity, even though no longer the
actual pastor of the same.
17. REV. F. A. C. MÜHLENBERG.

Although Frederic August Conrad Muhlenberg was
equally prominent with his older brother, General Peter
Mühlenberg, Jensen has no sketch of his life. The “ Lu
theran Almanac,” 1851, has a brief one and the Pennsyl

vania-German, Vol. III., No. 2, contains a very satisfac
tory one.
He was born at the Trappe, Montgomery Co., January
2, 1750. After enjoying all the preparatory training
which the schools of this country afforded, he and his
younger brother went to Halle and spent nearly seven
years at the University there. When Dr. Kunze was sent
to this country, 1770, these two young men came back
with him.. Sprague, in saying that he was ordained be
fore his return, is plainly mistaken. In 1115 diary he him
self tells us that he was ordained at Reading, October 25,
1770, by the Evangelical Lutheran Ministerium of Penn
sylvania then known as the Evangelical Lutheran Minis
terium of North America. Whether it originated from
the same source we cannot say, but a similar mistake as to
his official position prevailed. The general impression
was, and seems yet to be, that he was Rev. Christian
Emanual Schulze’s assistant in the Tulpehocken parish.
Не himself tells us that he was ordained as “ Collabora
tor in the United Evangelical Lutheran church in Penn
sylvania.” Not only did he occupy the field three months
before Schultze came into it, but he drew up the call to
the latter for the church council of Christ Church and for
warded it; and preached less than half a dozen times
in Rev. Schultze’s held after the latter settled at Stouchs
burg. Не removed to Schaefierstown less than six months
after Rev. Schultze came and confined his labors to that
place, Warwick, White Oak, Manheim and subsequently
to Lebanon.
December 20, 1773, he removed to New York and
preached his introductory sermon as pastor there on the
fourth Sunday in Advent.
While pastor here he took the preliminary steps for the

organization of the New York Ministerium. But the
beginning of hostilities made it necessary for him to leave
this city. ln May, 1776, he sent away his wife. ln Iuly
he followed to his father's field. Here he became the as
sistant of his aged father and settled at New Hanover,
taking charge of it, New Goshenhoppen and Hill Church.
He also supplied Reading.
In 1779 he was elected to represent Pennsylvania in the
Continental Congress. He never returned to the active
duties of the ministry. He was reëlected. Subsequently
he became justice of the peace for Skippack, Perkiomen,
etc., and judge of Montgomery County. Later on he was
made register and recorder of Montgomery County. He
was a member of the state convention to consider the new
federal constitution. He was made the presiding отсек‘.
Не was also elected to the first Congress 0f the United
States, and was elected Speaker. He was subsequently
reëlected several times. He likewise was made Speaker of
the third Congress. Afterwards he was appointed reg
ister of the land oiìce of Pennsylvania and located at Lan
caster. It is said that when there was a tie vote 0n the
question of the use of German as the oílicial language 0f
Pennsylvania, he, as speaker, gave the casting vote in
favor of English.
His tombstone at Lancaster gives _lune 5, 1801, as the
date of his death. He was therefore only a little over
fifty-one years of age, a comparatively young man. He
was married to Catharine Schaefer,.daughter of one of
the elders of the Philadelphia congregation. Six of his
children survived him.
Не was president of the Gennan Society of Pennsyl
Vania from 1790 to 1797, and was also a trustee of the
9
University of Pennsylvania. Не was twice candidate for

governor of Pennsylvania-in 1793 and 1796, but failed
to be elected.
18. REV. GOTTHILE HEINRICH ERNST MÜHLEN

BERG, ЦВ.
This was the youngest son of Dr. H. M. Mühlenberg.
He was born at the Trappe, November 17, 1753. At
first he attended the schools of Philadelphia. At the age
of ten, together with his two brothers, he was sent to
Germany to complete his studies at the University of
Halle. Here he spent seven years. In 1770 he returned
with his brother Frederic Augustus and Dr. Kunze. In
October of the same year, at Reading, he as well as his
brother, was ordained by the Evangelical Lutheran Min
isterium of North America, then the proper legal title of
the synod. Не immediately became the assistant of his
father, as well as third pastor of the congregation at Phil
adelphia. He retained this position, residing at Philadel
phia most of the time, until the British entered the city.
His ardent patriotism made it unsafe for him there, and it
became necessary for him to leave. In trying to get away
in disguise, he came near being betrayed by a tory inn
keeper. He joined his father’s family at the Trappe,
where he filled the position at New Hanover, of his older
brother, who had been elected to civil oflice. Не also
supplied Hill Church (Oley) and other congregations in
Berks County.
After the departure of the British he seems to have re
turned to the city. In March, 1780, he became pastor of
Trinity, Lancaster, as Dr. Helmuth’s successor. Here he
remained thirty-five years-until his death May 23, 1815,
Biographical Sketches of Il/Iinisters. 119
in the sixty-second year of his age. Не died of apoplexy,

as did his brothers.
Не was the only one of Dr. H. M. Mühlenberg’s sons
who made the ministry his lifework, and he seems to have
been proud of it. ln the minutes of synod and elsewhere,
when writing his own name, he was fond of putting 1:—
Mühlenberg, the Preacher (der Prediger).
Не was known as а profound theologian-_was well
versed in the ancient languages, acquainted with medicine,
chemistry and mineralogy. He was specially eminent in
botany-“ one of the foremost men of his day in that
science and easily the foremost botanist in America.” It
is related of him “ that on one of his botanical excursions
on the mountains, he was stopped by a footpad who de
manded his money or his life. He handed his Bible to the
robber, assuring him that it was his greatest treasure.” “ I
suspected you were a priest, and might have known you
were too poor to own a cent,” was the response,
“and he was left in peace.”
Не left treatises on theology, morals and botany. The
last named is widely known. He also prepared an Eng
lish and German lexicon and grammar of two volumes.
In 1774 he married Catharine, daughter of Philip Hall,
of Philadelphia. They had two sons, Henry A., for
many years pastor of Trinity, Reading, and F. A., a
prominent physician at Lancaster, whose son, also named
Frederic, Augustus, was equally eminent as a scholar, be-`
ing professor at Gettysburg, first president of Muh
lenberg College and for years professor of Greek in the
University of Pennsylvania. Additional sketches can be
found in the “Lutheran Almanac ” of 1851 ; in Schieten
beck’s “Biographies of Lutheran Ministers in Pennsyl
vania;” in Jensen’s “Biographies,” as well as in Profes
sor Stoever’s sketches in the Evangelical Review.
19. REV. FREDERIC ERNST.

Little is known of this man. The Halle Reports, p.
644, state that he had studied at Strasburg, but omit all
details. At the meeting of synod held in Tulpehocken,
1779, the minutes inform us that candidate Ernst's license
was renewed and he was “ exhorted to continue to apply
himself to theological studies, and especially the ancient
languages.” Thus far we have failed to find an account
of his first licensure as catechist. In the records of this
(New Hanover) congregation we find that on Exaudi
Sunday, Rev. Roeller confirmed a class of catechumens in
structed by “ the catechist Fredr. Ernst.” Evidently he
acted as catechist and assistant in it from the time of his
licensure until 1780. He was a married man, for his
daughter Elizabeth was baptized here, June 18, 1780.1
But during this year he evidently removed to another field,
for in 1781 his address is Easton, and for several years
thereafter Greenwich, N. J. Here he seems to have re
mained until about 1789-90. For we then find him at
Maxatawny, with the Macungie congregation protesting
that he should not be allowed to preach at Trexlertown
and aid in establishing a congregation there. Conse~
quently he left and settled at Hudson, New York. There
he served congregations at “ Loonenburg,” Germantown,
Churchtown and Livingston. During this time he also
supplied Albany and for a time preached in New York
city. Later on he seems to have removed to Cooperstown,
whence he was called to be pastor at Elizabethtown, May
town and other congregations in Lancaster County. He
preached his introductory sermon, November 28, 1802—
1One of his sons was the Rev. Wm. Gotthold Ernst, D.D., who was
educated at Princeton, and pastor of Salem congregation, Lebanon, be
tween 30 and 4o years. He was also at one time President of Synod.
first Sunday in Advent. Не died at Manheim, Почет—

Ьег 28, 1806. Не 15 buried at Elizabethtown, Lancas
ter County. During his administration the first large
brick church was built there.
zo. REV. CHRISTIAN STREIT.

Evidently Rev. Christian Streit was the man who suc
ceeded J. Fr. Ernst in the pastorate. This is shown by
this burial record: “ Mrs. An. Mar. Christina Elizabeth
. Streit (The Pastor’s wife), August 20, 1782.”
Rev. Streit was born in New Jersey, lune 7, 1749. He
studied at the College of Philadelphia, now the University
of Pennsylvania, and graduated in 1768. Не pursued his
theological studies under Dr. H. M. Muhlenberg. Не
was licensed in 1769, and ordained with the sons of Müh
lenberg in 1770. 11 15 interesting to note that the first
two native Lutheran ministers, besides the sons of Mühlen
berg, came from New Jersey.
Mr. Streit immediately took charge of the congregation
at Easton and labored there nearly ten years. He then
became pastor of the church at Charleston, S. C. He in
troduced the use of English there. Не 11а5 taken pris
oner at the sacking of Charleston and held until exchanged.
He was now obliged to leave this field, and came to Vir
ginia. In July, 1782, he settled at New Hanover, where
he remained until 1785. During this time he also served
Hill (Oley) Church and Amityville.
After this he removed to Winchester, Va., serving the
congregation at that place with others in that vicinity, ex
tending over a circuit of about ñfty miles. At first he
preached both in German and in English. In later years
he used the English language only. Here he labored
twenty-seven years. He died March 10, 1812, and was

buried in front of the pulpit.
He married, first, Anna Margaret Hoff, Charleston, S.
C. The date of her death is given above. Не married,
second, Salona (Salome'ŕ) Graeff, of Philadelphia, Pa.,
February 19, 1783. She died in 1788. He married,
third, Susan Burr, of Winchester. She survived him. By
her own exertions she supported a large family, declining
the offers of Christian friends to educate her children at
their expense.
Rev. Streit is said to have been passionately fond of
music, often acting as his own organist. Не is also said to
have possessed a considerable degree of mechanical skill,
and to have built a small organ for one of his congrega
tions. He was one of the men especially appointed by
Synod to train young men for the ministry. One of his
granddaughters was the second wife of Dr. Charles Por
terfield Krauth.
21. REV. DANIEL LEHMAN.

The information concerning Rev. Daniel Lehman in
the Halle Reports is quite limited, and no reference is made
to any connection with the congregation at New Hanover.
But the congregation's record shows that he administered
the Lord’s Supper, june 10, 1786, May 17, 1787, Decem
ber 8, 1787, and in May, 1788. New Hanover is but
eight or nine miles from Oley Hill Church, of which he
was the regular pastor at the time.
Rev. Lehman was born at Strassburg, April 15, 1754.,
came to this country from Germany about 1773. Very
little is known concerning his early history. Being unable
to pay his passage, he would, in all probability have been
sold to pay for it, had not Dr. Kunze advanced the amount
and thus set him free.
Being pretty well versed in the rudimentary branches,
Dr. Kunze employed him as a teacher in his (Kunze's)
seminary and at the same time gave him instruction in
theology. Rev. Van Buskirk then employed him as а
tutor in his family. Lehman also preached occasionally.
This proved so satisfactory that some of the outlying con
gregations desired him to become their pastor. He was
licensed in 1775 and ordained in 1778. After serving
congregations in Lehigh County for some time, he was
called to Trinity, Reading, October, 1778. Here he re
mained two years, possibly a little longer. Apparently
he continued to supply Trinity about a year longer. It
was evidently during his first residence at Moselem that
he supplied New Hanover.
ln September, 1797, he was recalled to Trinity and con
tinued to serve it until April, 1 801. Apparently, however,
he seems to have retained some sort of connection with his
former field during that time. Then he returned to Mose
lem, where he remained until his death, October 1, 1810,
at the age of fifty-six years, five months and sixteen days.
He was buried in front of the pulpit in the Moselem
Church.
He himself tells us that during 1793 he served Mose
lem, Rockland, Kutztown, Windsor, Hamburg, Bern
(i. e., St. Michael’s), Braunschweig, two congregations
in Albany, and Greenwich. He also served Oley Hill
Church a part of the time. The Halle Reports say he
also preached at Trexlertown, 1778-1784. Synod after
ward directed him to cease. Dr. Mann also declares that
he served Allemaengel during his entire ministry.
His characteristic was great plainness, almost bluntness
in preaching, and a strong voice, which Dr. Mühlenberg

says, he “ ехегс15ес1 very freely.”
22. REV. JOHN FREDERIC WEINLAND.

The birthplace of Rev. John Frederic Weinland was
Roemhild in Franconia. During 1769-72 he studied at
Halle. Не was а teacher in the orphans’ home. Не
decided to go to America, but bodily infirmities prevented.
He returned home, became engaged as private tutor and
preached occasionally. After repeated solicitations from
Dr. j. Ludwig Schulze at Halle, he finally agreed to come
to America.
Ordained at Wernigerode, he came via Holland and
reached Philadelphia, August 18, 1786. Elected at Ger
mantown, he served it until 1789. As early as 1787 his
name appears as a member of the ministerium. In 1790
complaint was brought against him by a member of the
Germantown congregation. Resting on a misunderstand
ing the matter was settled. At this time he resided at
New Hanover, serving that congregation and the Trappe,
and at the same time was also pastor at Amityville and
Hill Church. Later, 1796-99, he served these congrega
tions again, but not the one at New Hanover. In reality
he may not have been the actual pastor, but simply the
assistant or substitute of Rev. Voigt. But he performed
the pastoral work and on ~Íanuary 4, 1796, he calls himself
the pastor of the congregation, “Der jetzige Prediger.”
From 1790 to 1794 he was always present at the meet
ings of synod and took a prominent part in its transac
tions. But for some reason or other there Was continued
complaint against him. Whether these complaints caused
loss of standing, or whether his patience gave way, We
shall probably never know, but he continued to absent him
self and finally ceased t0 be a member. It may be that

his name was simply dropped.l But whatever the cause,
in 1803 at Baltimore he applied for restoration and
again, in 1804, at Easton, where he appeared personally
to ask for re-admission. But he appears to have been with
out regular congregations at this time. Although there is
no statement to that effect, he seems to have been re-ad
mitted at last. He again acted as pastor at New Han
over and Trappe, and we are told by the Halle Reports
that there are many entries in the records there up to 1 808.
The same authority states that he is buried at the Trappe.
Dr. Kretschman says that “ Rev. Fred. Lobrecht-Herman,
Reformed minister at New Hanover, preached his funeral
sermon, which took place on February 7, 1807. He lies
buried in the Trappe Lutheran cemetery in a forgotten
grave. Five of his children were buried in the graveyard
ofthe Swamp Lutheran Church. His wife, Susanna, sur
vived him, and on October I, 1807, was married to Iacob
Amis at New Hanover.”
23. REV. F. W. GEISSENHAINER, SR., D.D.

F. W. Geissenhainer, Sr., D.D., was a son of Henry
A. and Sophia Geissenhainer, He was born June 26,
1711, at Muehlheim, Germany. He was but three years
old when his father died. He first attended a school in
his native place, of which his grandfather was the princi
pal. From his youth it was his desire to be a theologian.
At the age of thirteen he entered the University of Geissen.
1The complaints were brought to Synod by Bernhard Gilbert, of New
Hanover, who states, among other matters, that it is Pastor \Veinland's
fault that he was excluded from the Church Council. It is also said that
“the weakness to which Weinland succumbed, and which thereby became
the ground of the charges against him, was his desire for strong drink.”
At sixteen he had completed his course. Afterwards he

spent two years at Goettingen. He then spent a short
time as docent (private teacher). He was then called to
become the pastor of two country, or village churches.
Jensen says he was ordained then and there. After serv
ing these congregations about eighteen months, he came
to this country with his brother, Henry Anastasius, in
1793. The next year he applied to synod for admission
and received a full license. As his name first appears on
the roll of the ministerium as an ordained minister in 1798,
it is not at all probable that he was ordained before he
came to this country.
'His wife was Anna Maria Reiter, to whom he was mar
ried on May 27, 1794. Не was brother-in-law to Rev.
John G. Roeller, and father-in-law to Dr. Jacob Miller,
subsequently pastor of this congregation and later of Trin
ity, Reading. Не served the congregation at New Han
over from 1796 to 1808 and also New Goshenhoppen,
Trumbauers and Scheetz, as well as the Hill church and
others during his ñrst residence in Pennsylvania. In 1808
he removed to New York city, taking charge of the con
gregation formerly served by Dr. Kunze.
Six years later, 1814, he resigned this congregation and
took up his residence at Karthaus, Clearfield County, Penn
sylvania. He was interested in a land company, for the
development of coal lands in that vicinity. During his
residence here he looked after the spiritual interests of the
Germans of this section. In April, 1818, he returned to
the eastern part of the state, settling in Chester County,
where he assisted his son Frederic William, who was pastor
at Zion’s, Vincent Township, and St. Peter’s, Pikeland.
When his brother Henry A. gave up the congregations
at the Trappe and Limerick to go to Pittsburg, they were
united with the son’s parish. Then father and son served
the four congregations. In April, 1823, he returned to
his former congregation in New York, serving it until his
death, May 27, 1838, “being exactly not only to the day
of the month, but to the very hour of the day, forty-four
years after his marriage. He was within less than a month
of sixty-six years of age " (Jensen fr. Sprague).
The title D.D. was conferred on him by the University
of Pennsylvania. He prepared a number of young men
for the ministry. Among these were his brother Henry
A., John G. Roeller, subsequently married to his wife‘s
sister, Dr. Jacob Miller, Fredr. Waage, (Bishop) Schwei
zerbarth, E. L. Braunsius, W. Eyer, Marcus Harpel,
C. F. Welden, Fr. Miller, L. Schmidt, his own son, F. W.
Geissenhainer, jr., and his nephew, Rev.A. F. Geissenhainer.
24. REV. JACOB MILLER, D.D.

Dr. Miller was the son of John Jacob and Hannah
Miller. Не was born in Goshenhoppen, Montgomery
Co., Pa., December 11, 1788, and was confirmed by Dr.
F. W. Geissenhainer, Sr., and studied under him for five
years. After Dr. Geissenhainer’s resignation and re
moval to New York, Mr. Miller entered the seminary in
charge of Revs. Helmuth and Schmidt at Philadelphia,
and there continued his studies.
Having received a call in 1809 to become the pastor of
Falckner Swamp (New Hanover), Goshenhoppen and
Boyer’sapparently Boyertown-also of the Hill Church,
and perhaps some other congregations, he commenced to
preach. Upon the advice of the professors he agreed to
preach every four weeks. It is not made quite clear
whether this applied only to New Hanover or to the whole
field. Before the close of the year the call was renewed.
Having been licensed in the meanwhile, he accepted the
call. He remained in charge of this field a little more than
twenty years, until succeeded by his brother Conrad
Miller.
Upon the resignation of Dr. H. A. Mühlenberg, Dr.
Miller received a call to Trinity, Reading. At first he
declined it. It was renewed and he came to Reading in
May, 1829. In connection with Trinity he also served
Sinking Spring, Alsace, Spiess and Schwarzwald, preach
ing in the country churches in the afternoon. Here he re
mained twenty-one years-_until his death, May 16, 1850.
The title of D.D. was conferred on him by the University
of Pennsylvania in 1838.
On March 22, 1813, he married Anna Maria, the
daughter of Dr. Geissenhainer. They had three sons and
one daughter. The sons were all preparing for the minis
try, but their early death prevented them from entering
it. The daughter became the wife of John Endlich, Esq.,
prominent in the history of the Lutheran Church of Read
ing. She was the mother of Hon. G. A. Endlich, now
president judge of Berks County. She died quite recently.
It is said that in personal appearance Dr. Miller bore a
striking resemblance to Daniel Webster. He served a
full term of three years as secretary of the synod, also a
term of three years as its president. (From Sprague’s
“Annals ” as quoted by Jensen.)
25. REV. CONRAD MILLER.

Rev. Conrad Miller was born in Upper Hanover Town
ship, Montgomery County, Pa., March 14, 1798. Не
studied under his brother, Dr. Jacob Miller, pastor of the
Swamp charge at the time. At the meeting of synod in

1818 he was examined and received a regular candidate's
license, having, at the beginning of the year, secured ad
[метёт license, but only as a catechist. He was ordained a
deacon at Lancaster, 1 820.
At first he had charge of New Store (Amityville),
Longswamp and the Hill Church only. Later on he suc
ceeded his brother as pastor of the New Hanover charge,
serving New Hanover, Boyertown, Hill, Sassaman’s and
Keeler’s. For a time he also served Christ (Oley), Mose
lem, HufPs, Limerick and Pottstown. He took up his
residence at Oley in 1 825, either in the vicinity of the Oley
Church, or at Friedensburg, and remained there until his
brother, Dr. I. Miller, was called to Reading. He then
moved to New Hanover.
He preached his first as well as his last sermon at the
Hill Church, which he served a little more than thirty-four
years. October 9, 1852, he died of typhoid fever, aged
fifty-four years six months and twenty-tive days. Dr.
Demme preached his funeral sermon. His widow sur
vived him many years, having died at Pottstown in Nov
ember, 1887, at the age of ninety-six years, one month and
nine days.
Не was secretary of synod from 1 832 to 1835 inclusive;
' secretary of the Missionary Society in 1838 and 39, and
president of the synod 1841-44. He published a series
of questions and answers for catechumens, which charac
terized his industry and zeal for the Christian instruction
of the young as well as his conception of the doctrines of
the church as he understood them. He possessed a strik~
ing personality, was a popular preacher, and greatly be
loved by his parishioners.
26. REV. NATHAN JAEGER.

Rev. Jaeger was born in Bucks County, March 20,
1820. Не was a student in the preparatory department
of Pennsylvania College, Gettysburg, 1839-41. Не then
took up the study of theology under Rev. J. P. Hecht,
Easton.
Together with Augustus Bergner, Peter L. Oberfeld
and J. C. Schmidt, he was licensed by the ministerium of
Pennsylvania at Pottstown, June 5, 1844. The former
two passed away more than half a century ago. The
last named died last year, only a month less than eighty
five years of age.
He immediately took charge of Orwigsburg, Sommer
berg, Friedensburg, Klein-Schuylkill, Zion and McKeans
burg, Schuylkill Co., Pa. He was ordained at Orwigs
burg, June 10, 1846. December, 1851, he took charge
of Lykens Valley parish, then consisting of St. John’s,
Elizabethville, Huber’s, Fetterhoff’s, Miller’s, Bear Gap,
Uniontown and Stone Valley. Here he remained only
one year. The following year he took charge of New
Hanover, Boyertown, Sassaman’s, Keeler’s, Hill Church,
etc. Then, in October, 1857, he removed to Bethlehem,
taking charge of William’s, Eckley, White Haven and
Rockport. This field he occupied until 1860. That same
year he took up his residence at Mt. Bethel, serving that
congregation and Flicksville in Northampton County, to
gether with Ross and Chestnut Hill in Monroe County.
In March, 1863, he accepted a call to the congregation
at Riegelsville, hitherto connected with the East Pennsyl
vania Synod. January 2, 1864, his horse having taken '
fright at a train on the railroad, he was thrown out of the
vehicle and fatally injured. He died almost instantly.
He left a widow, the daughter of Rev. Henry S. Miller,
with eight children.
In later years he was rather deeply involved in secular
afiairs. Не was not successful in business. This led to
failure, scandal and an investigation. Although cleared
of intentional wrongdoing, he was censured for embark
ing in those worldly enterprises. While at New Hanover
misunderstandings arose between him and his people which
were of a serious nature; the trouble was finally settled in
court. The chapter 0n the transactions of the church
council explains this more fully. Rev. Iaeger, however,
is said to have been a man of good parts. He was a good
preacher, and an excellent catechist; surviving catechumens
instructed by him, still praise his superior tact and ability
in this direction.
27. REV. H. WENDT.

Henry Wendt was a native of Germany. He entered
the ministry in 18.51. Не was sent to Texas as a mis
sionary from the institution at Basle, together with a num
ber of others. In 1858 he came to Pennsylvania and took
charge of the Swamp or New Hanover parish, still con
sisting of New Hanover, Keeler’s, Boyertown, Hill church
and Sassamansville. After a few years he gave up Hill
Church and Sassamansville and took charge of Pennsburg
instead, serving it only a short time. He also served
Emanuel’s at Pottstown a part of the time, if not all the
time. He remained in this field until the close of 1864
or the beginning of 1865. He then became superinten
dent of the orphans’ home at Germantown.
But as stated by the president of synod in his annual
report, “in July (1867) strange and shocking reports
concerning his conduct as superintendent of the home had
reached that officer, and the accused himself had called

upon him and confessed wrongdoing . . . but denied the
gravest and Worst charges.” After a full investigation
of the affair, the president proclaimed his suspension in the
church papers. The board of managers then had him
arrested. He was tried at Philadelphia, found guilty
and sentenced to imprisonment for a number of years.
What became of him afterwards is not known. There
were rumors that at the expiration of his term he returned
to his native land. It certainly was a sad ending of a
promising career. The man certainly was gifted.
28. REV. ABRAHAM H. GROH.

Abraham H. Groh was the son of Henry and Mary
Groh, residing about two miles west of Myerstown, Leba~
non Co., Pa. He was born June, 1838. The days of his
boyhood were spent on his father-’S farm. He entered the
preparatory department of Pennsylvania College in the
fall of 1855, when but seventeen years of age. He grad
uated in 1860. He took a full course at the theological
seminary at Gettysburg. He was examined and ordained
by the Ministerium of Pennsylvania at Allentown, _]une 1 8,
1862. His father having become paralyzed, and during
the last years of his life was absolutely helpless, he spent the
first year at home, taking care of his invalid father. In
July, 1863, he took charge of four congregations in what
is known as Long Valley, Monroe County.
A short time before the meeting of synod in 1865 he
had accepted a call from New Hanover, Keeler's, Boyer
town and EmanuePs, Pottstown. His health was already
failing, and he was the pastor of these congregations for
less than a year. He was hardly able to serve so large a
charge. He had been attacked by galloping consumption.
He was only a little more than twenty-seven years old

when he died. He was never married.
As a preacher he ranked high, was very enthusiastic and
gave promise for great usefulness in the church.
29. REV. LEONARD (Звон, D.D.

Rev. L. Groh‘s parents, grandparents and great-grand
parents, were all born in Lebanon, formerly Lancaster
County. He was born August 18, 1835, at Schaeffers
town, Lebanon Co., Pa. His parents were Abraham
Groh and Sarah, nee Strickler. After attending the com
mon schools, he entered the preparatory department of
Pennsylvania College, 1856, and graduated in 1861. He
entered the seminary at Gettysburg in the fall of the same
year and was ordained by the ministerium of Pennsylvania,
lune 3, 1863, in St. ]ohn’s Church, Reading. Soon there
after he became pastor of Quakertown, Bucks County,
where he remained from 1863 to 1866.
While his cousin, Rev. A. H. Groh, was an invalid he
supplied his charge at New Hanover, Montgomery Co.
After the death of Rev. A. H. Groh he was elected, April,
1866, as his successor, and on December 9 of that year he
moved to New Hanover and had charge of it together
with Boyertown from 1866 to 1 886. Then he resigned the
New Hanover congregation, and served St. ]ohn’s (Boyer
town) alone from 1886 to 91. Не removed from New
Hanover to Boyertown in 187 1. He then moved west and
was pastor at Lincoln, Nebraska, from May 17, 1891, till
1895, and of St. Marks, Omaha from 1895 until now.
From 1869 to 1876 he was a member of the board of
trustees of Muhlenberg College, also president of the
Third District Conference, 1885-88. He travelled ex
tensively in Europe and in Palestine. Не received the
10
title D.D. from Susquehanna University in 1901. Не is

proud of the fact that he was baptized by Rev. Wm.
Beates, long the senior of the ministerium; also that
twelve or thirteen young men confirmed by him have en
tered the ministry; also that the Erst bequest for the or
phans’ home subsequently located at Topton, came from
St. ]ohn’s, Boyertown, and was the probable cause of its
establishment.
April 4, 1870, he married Martha Schryock Hicks.
She died in June, 1878, leaving him with three children.
The oldest is a missionary in Honduras. In February,
1880, he married Hettie Hicks, sister of his first wife, who
died in July, 1886. Не married Amelia Saeger as his
third wife, who accompanied him to his western home,
where he is actively engaged in the Master’s kingdom.
3o. REV. JOHN JACOB Киша.

Rev. I. I. Kline, the present pastor of the congrega
tion, was born at Rehrersburg, Pa., September 17, 1856.
Не is a son of Jacob Е. апс1 Catharine (Zartman) Kline.
His father was the organist and school teacher there for
many years.
Palatinate College afforded him the opportunity for
preparatory training for college from 1876 10 80. Не
entered the sophomore class at Muhlenberg College in the
latter year and graduated ~Iune 28, 1883. The same year
he entered the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadel
phia and graduated from it, June 15, 1886. On the
twenty-second of that month he was ordained by the
Ministerium of Pennsylvania in Christ Church, Easton,
Pa. Immediately thereafter he took charge of this con
gregation as its pastor. During August of that year,
Christ Church (Huber’s), Niantic, Pa., was added to the
charge. This congregation he served for nineteen years.

He organized Trinity Lutheran congregation, Bechtels
ville, Pa., and supplied it for twenty-three years. In 1896
he organized Grace Lutheran congregation of Pottstown,
Pa., which, with the New Hanover Congregation forms the
present pastorate.
(I) REV. ANDREAS RUDMAN.
It is now proposed to add sketches

of the lives of a number of men whose
relation to this congregation is some
what in doubt. That some of them
acted as pastor, or as supply, or sub
stitute, cannot be questioned. Some
of them may have been ordained min
isters. The position of others cannot
be decided. It is also a matter of
grave doubt whether some of them
ever sustained any closer relation than that of a neighbor
ing pastor, or a member of synod coming in to fill a few
appointments, or on a special occasion administering the
Lord`s Supper, when the congregation was without a
regular pastor.
The first of these men is Andrew Rudman, a Swede.
He certainly visited this section, and almost as certainly
held services here occasionally. For why should the
Falckners try to become acquainted with the Swedish lan
guage, and Why should Rudman try to become acquainted
with the German, if theirs was only a casual meeting?
But if they were coöperating in trying to found and build
up a congregation, and if the Falckners attended Rud
man’s services at Molatton, less than ten miles distant,
so that the people might understand that they were
laboring for one and the same church, and for the estab
lishment of the same faith, the matter becomes quite plain.
We are therefore clearly of the opinion that Rudman
visited these people occasionally and used all his influence
as a pastor to bring them together into a German congrega
tion, while the Falckners exerted their influence for him
among the Swedes.
Rev. Andrew Rudman was the first Swedish pastor, as
far as known, at Molatton. He was one of the three
Rudman, Bjorck and Sandel-who ordained Justus Falck
ner in the VVicaco (Gloria Dei) Church, Philadelphia,
1703, the latter then going to New York to become pastor
there. Falckner was sent as a substitute for Rudman, who
had himself served New York and Albany several years,
from 1702 to 1704, or possibly a little longer.
As early as 1701 Rudman and others had been author
ized to take up ten thousand acres of land, virtually the
whole of Amity Township. He was a native of Gestricia
in Noorland. He was not very vigorous physically, in
fact was almost an invalid. He was sent over with Erik
Bjorck (Bjoerk) and Jonas Auren. They reached Phila
delphia in the summer of 1697, having landed in the south
and come north overland, via Maryland.
He was the provost or superintendent. He visited
Molatton several times a year, during the earlier years,
but later he sent his assistant to look after the congre
gation there. This congregation was also known as Man
atawny or Manathanim. Rudman was one of the four
Swedish pastors who warned the congregation at Hacken
sack against the acceptance of von Dieren. He is also
credited with the founding of the Lutheran congregation
at Lunenberg, now Athens, New York.
Advancement had been promised him in his native coun
Biographical Sketches of A/Íinisters. 137
try and he had received permission to return to Sweden,

but after leaving VVicaco he tarried some time in New
York. He then returned to Pennsylvania, took charge
of an Episcopal congregation at Oxford and served it, to
gether with a congregation in Philadelphia, until his death,
September 17, 1708.
(2) REV. лютые. FALCKNER.

We give a sketch of this man’s
life, not because he was pastor
of this congregation, for we do
not think that he ever sustained
that relation to it, but because for
two hundred years or more tradi
tion has linked his name with it.
That tradition is repeated as
sober history in the statement of
the Halle Reports that he was
ordained specifically to be its pastor. How a statement of
that kind obtained currency among those who were sup
posed to have thoroughly traced events and facts to their
sources, we cannot understand. The recital of the inci
dents of this man’s life will show plainly that Dominie
Justus Falckner removed to New York less than ten days
after his ordination and never returned; in fact, that he
was ordained for that purpose, i. e., to be the pastor of
congregations in New York. Those congregations he
served faithfully to the end of his days.
Taking the statement credited to Dr. C. Kunzman
in “Lutherans in all Lands,” which is substantially a
repetition of Dr. Sachse's declarations, as correct, Iustus
Falckner was not onlyr the first Lutheran minister ordained
in this country, but the first Protestant minister ordained

in the western world. This would show that this congre
gation is not only the oldest German Lutheran Congrega
tion in North America, but that it occupies the unique dis
tinction of being the ñrst Protestant Church in that terri
tory to send forth from it a man to bring the tidings of
salvation through Christ to others. Although not a pastor
here, there seems to be no question whatever that he
held his membership in this congregation and that as a
student under his brother, in accordance with the customs
then prevalent, he frequently preached for his brother.
This fact itself may have given rise to the tradition that he
had charge of the congregation. At that time the distinc
tion between services held by a “substitute” and those
held by the regular pastor was not so marked as it is now.
For the date of his birth, the place of his nativity, his
parents and his early training we refer to the sketch of his`
older brother Daniel Falckner. When that brother made
his well-known trip to Europe, his younger brother Justus,
then a student, accompanied him upon his return. Per
haps it might seem to be taking too much for granted to
assert that Justus Falckner came to this country in anticipa
tion of the call and ordination which subsequently came to
him, but it is certain that he carne with his brother when
returning from his European trip, as a theological stu
dent, i. e., as one who expected to become a minister.
Knowing this fact, as well as the additional fact that both
the Falckners were on friendly terms with Rev. Rudman,
while the latter was pastor at Molatton, and unquestion
ably repeatedly visited New Hanover, we can readily
understand why Rudman looked to this place for a man
to become pastor of the New York churches, in which
he took so deep an interest. We can also easily under
stand why he (Rudman) was so earnest in urging Justus

Falckner to accept that call. He evidently knew Falck
ner as a man of earnest piety, of scholarly attainments,
and of noble character. Не therefore urged him most
earnestly to take up the work of a pastor among those
people.
It will not be necessary to quote even a part of the
appeal which Rudman made to induce Justus Falckner
to accept the call to this field, nor even to present an
abstract of the letter in which Rudman, by an appeal to
every motive which could induce an honest, God-fearing
man to regard it as his duty to accept the call as coming
directly from the Lord himself, tried to induce Justus
Falckner to give heed to the call. Justus Falckner’s stand
ing in the community may be judged by the fact that he
had at one time been a burgess of Germantown.
In response to this urgent call (to New York) Jus
tus Falckner consented to be ordained by the three Swed
ish pastors. It might be worth our while to note that in
this act of ordination the three nationalities-Swedish,
German and Dutch-_took an active part. The three
Swedes, Rev. Andreas Sandel, Rev. Erick Biörck and Rev.
Andrew Rudman, the latter acting as vice bishop, by au
thority of the Swedish Bishops, performed the ordination.
The German Mystics headed by Magister Kelpius took
part in the rendering of the service, and the candidate was
from out the German congregation. The call to Justus
Falckner, in response to which the whole service was
undertaken, had been extended by the Dutch. “ The Ger
mans had come down from the Wissahickon to give eclat
to the elevation of one of their number as a presbyter in the
Lutheran Church.” The Dutch had sent their earnest
call to send a man to labor in the Lord’s vineyard. The
14o The New Hanover Lutheran Church.
Swedes invested with authority from the home church, in

its name, and in the name of the whole Lutheran Church,
sent him forth as an accredited embassador of Christ.
Dr. Sachse, therefore, very appropriately remarks
“ Wednesday, November 24, 1703, marks the date of the
most noteworthy religious service ever held within the
consecrated walls of the old Swedish Lutheran Church,
Gloria Dei, at Wicacoa, in Philadelphia.” He might
justly have added that it was one of the most noteworthy
in the history of the Christian Church of this country, it
being the first ordination of a man from a congregation
here to be a minister of Christ. Dr. Sachse fittingly adds:
The historic importance of this occasion will become even more

apparent, when we recall the fact that this was the first regular
ordination of an orthodox clergyman in Pennsylvania, if not in
the western world, of which we have any authoritative record.
This is essentially the same as Dr. Kunzman’s statement.

Dr. Sachse also says:
The name, history and story of this humble German Pietist,

Justus Falckner, the first of the many saintly men to come to this
Province from the Halle institutions, is still kept in bright remem
brance, and the story of his life and labors furnishes one of the
brightest pages in the religious history of New York and Penn
sylvania, which are now the two greatest commonwealths in the
American Union.
We will not repeat the detailed description of the ordi

nation service. That is fully given by Sachse in Chapter
VI., “ Justus Falckner, Mystic and Scholar.” In sum
ming up the result of the man`s labors, Sachse adds:
The reader may ask: Did the newly ordained pastor keep his
sacred ordination vows? This the sequel of our sketch will show.
It may, however, be permitted here to say without anticipation,
that no more active, disinterested and pious clergyman ever labored
among the Germans and Dutch during the trying colonial period
than this same Justus Falckner.
Dominic Falckner at once made preparations to enter upon his
new field of labor. He arrived in New York city 0n Thursday,
the second of December, or just eight days after his ordination.
After preaching on the third and fourth Sundays in Advent, he was
accepted as their regular pastor by the oldest Lutheran congrega
tion in America.
It is possible that he may have preached his first sermon

as an ordained minister at New Hanover on Sunday, Nov
ember 28, and this would also have been his farewell ser
mon to his native congregation.
His parish extended from New’ York to Albany and
afterward to all the German congregations along the
Hudson and in East Jersey. lt might also be in place to
add that Dr. Sachse asserts very emphatically that the old
est systematic Lutheran Church record in America was
made by Rev. Justus Falckner.
Under date May 26, 1717, it is recorded that “ on Ro
gate Sunday, he was joined in holy matrimony to Gerritge
Hardick, a native of Albany County, New York.” His
last baptism was recorded September 4, 1723. Rev.
Knoll has made a memorandum in the records of the Lu
theran Church at Newburgh: “Pastor lustus Falckner,
deceased, Anno 1723.” He therefore labored in this field
for twenty years. He never labored in any other.
The circumstances, date and place of his death and burial
are not known.
(3) Rav. ANDREAS SANDELL.

Rev. Sandell is one of the men concern~
ing whose relation to this congregation
there is no very definite information.
About the only thing that is positively
known is that he visited the place and
found a congregation there, in charge of
Rev. Daniel Falckner, in 1704. Не
speaks of the matter in such a Way that
77е might readily come to the conclusion that the congrega
tion had existed for some time.
While there is no positive information to that effect, all
the circumstances seem to indicate that he looked after
the affairs of the congregation from the time of Rev.
Daniel Falck er’s rem val to New Jersey until the time
a» e. _.
when Rev. gem enckel became the pastor here.
His parish, Molatton, was not more than ten miles distant,
and there was such a friendly feeling and relation between
these people, the Germans at New Hanover and their
Swedish neighbors, that we should naturally expect that
if the former were without a regular pastor the latter
would interest themselves in their behalf, just as in later
years, when the Swedes were without regular pastors, the
Germans interested themselves in their behalf. We know
that Revs. Hesselius and Gabriel Falk did so, and we
think it would be a safe conclusion to suppose that Rev.
Sandell had done the same.
Rev. Andrew Sandell was the immediate successor of
Rev. Rudman as pastor and superintendent of the Swedish
Churches. We are told that, “ he entered upon his duties
March 29, 1702, was very active and energetic and
brought about a more stable organization of the congre
gation.” June 25, 1719, he set out upon his return to

Sweden.
At first he was Rev. Rudman’s assistant, and then he
became his successor as superintendent. During his pas
torate at Wicaco he also looked after the spiritual interests
of the congregation at Molatton, which seems to have
been treated as a mission or chapel of the parent church.
Apparently he also cared for New Hanover during this
time.
Не would seem to have had the care of Wicaco, Molat
ton, Neshiminy and other points from 1702 to 1719. Ap
parently, however, the up country churches had to be satis
lied with such limited services as he could give them.
lf there is an account of his position and activities sub
sequent to his return to Sweden, we have failed to find it
anywhere.
(4) REV. JOHN CAsPAR SToEvER, THE ELDER.

There are only a few things
concerning the first five years of
this man`s residence in America
that are clearly established.
The first is that he arrived at
Philadelphia in the ship
“ Goodwill,” September 1 1,
1728. He had entered his
own name as missionaire (mis
sionary), and that of his son
as Theol. Stud., a theological student.
The next is that he almost certainly settled somewhere
in Pennsylvania and remained there until he was called to
be the pastor of a German congregation in Virginia.
The Halle Reports imply, although not stating so ex

plicitly, that the younger Stoever at once made his home
at the Conestoga, near New Holland. Is it not natural
to conclude that when a father and a son, the son being
still in his minority, settled in a particular place, it was
the father who settled there? We therefore think it
should be plain to everyone that the John Casper Stoever
that settled there at that time was the “Missionnaire”
and not the Stud. Theol. Possibly we might be met with
the objection that he performed so many baptisms from
1727 on. But by whom were they performed, by the boy
of nineteen to twenty years of age, or by the ordained
minister? Where is the evidence that these early bap
tisms, or any of those occurring the first five years of their
stay, were performed by the younger man?
While it may be true that the younger John Caspar
Stoever was not overstrict in the observance of church reg
ulations, still it would be a very bold thing to assert that
he travelled all through the country, baptizing without
license and without being ordained, for almost five years.
It seems to be far more natural to suppose that
most of these early baptisms, if not all of them, were
performed by the elder Stoever, as he was an ordained
minister. The younger man would hardly have under
taken it. But the fact stated by Dr. Schmauk, that
their handwriting is so nearly alike as not to be readily
distinguishable, would give the color of reasonable prob
ability to this opinion.1 Over and above all this, the
statement of the younger Stoever in a number of his
lSince this was written the original German will of the elder Stoever
has been examined very carefully and there is certainly a very striking
resemblance in the handwriting, especially in the formation of pp. final
s and final e, which are altogether unique in both cases.
records, fairly implies that some of the entries may not

have been his own acts. Some of the baptisms, as shown
by the records, were performed on the ocean. Now a
boy or young man a little over twenty years of age would
almost certainly not perform them while his own father,
an ordained minister at that, was present to perform the
ofiice. Should the question be raised as to why the elder
Stoever did not take all these records along, it would seem
to be a sufiicient answer to say: they belonged to these con
gregations, and it would have been worse than useless to
carry them to Virginia. More than this, the son became
the father’s successor in this field. lt is plainly implied
in the statements of the Halle Reports, and the statement
seems to be correct, that steps looking to the organization
of congregations here were taken before the younger man
married and settled here.
We are very much inclined to think that when the
younger Stoever was ordained, it was more with a view
to being in a position to build up a charge for himself in
this section than to supply the congregations served by
Rev. John Christian Schulze. А supposition of this
kind certainly would explain fairly well the difficulty oc
casioned by the fact that there is so little evidence that
the younger _lohn Casper Stoever acted as the regular раз—
tor of these congregations, New Hanover, Trappe, Ger
mantown and Philadelphia for any length of time. In
addition to all this there is the added fact that in a few
months-almost certainly not more than three-_after his
ordination, and apparently very shortly after his father’s
removal to Virginia, he took up his residence where his
father has had his home.
ln a note on John Caspar Stoever, Sr., found among
documents in possession of the late Dr. F. J. F. Schantz,
there is a sketch of his life by a certain A. G. Grinnan.
In that it is stated that C. Stoever, of Virginia, was twice
married and had issue by both wives. According to the
son’s statement his mother’s first name was Gertrude. Ас
cording to Mr. Grinnan's statement the second wife’s given
name was Mary Magdalene. According to the same au
thority his estate was divided among five children, John
Caspar Stoever, pastor of Lutheran churches in Pennsyl
vania, Elizabeth, Philip Stoever, _- Stoever and Mary
Magdalene. The will is among the court records at Phil
adelphia, and a copy is filed at Charlotteville, Va.
Mr. Grinnan also describes Rev. Stoever’s collecting
tour in Germany, with its varied experiences. He also
claims for him that he was an accomplished linguist. Dur
ing his collecting trip, at Dantzig he met Rev. Klugh,
who afterwards became his successor as pastor in Vir
ginia.
But the man took sick on the ocean on his return trip
from London to Virginia. Не had secured a “ number of
valuable donations for his church, e. g., 300 panes of cut
glass,1 300 pounds of putty,” etc. He advised his son
living in Pennsylvania,
To write to the minister of Prince Darmstadt's Court to send
a new minister over, and to do his best to keep up other corre
spondence spiritual and temporal in Germany, that they may send
over other collection money, which was to be expected from friends
in the old country.
Rev. Stoever desired his son to send for three of the church
wardens of the Lutheran Church to come to his home in Penn
sylvania, at Conestoga, and to keep Michael Schmidt there, until
they came, and with his aid to divide properly all money, books,
goods and plate . . . to the satisfaction of the wardens.
‘The will says 100.
It seems a sum was left over, which began the endow

ment of the church. It almost seems as if the man had
also made collections for the benefit of his son’s churches
in Pennsylvania. t
We have introduced many of these matters not so much
because they belong directly to the history of this congre
gation, as to indicate that much information which has
not been used is available in regard to both of these men.
This information would throw much light on the history
of those early days. But we have introduced enough to
show that the records at Philadelphia plainly prove that
the two Stoevers were father and son, and that their
names are so entered upon the public documents. The
facts also seem to indicate that there is not only a possi
bility, but a strong probability that the elder Stoever first
took up his abode at Conestoga, his son-a minor, re
siding with him. They also seem to show that there is at
least a fair probability that the younger Stoever was or
dained with the consent, if not at the request of his father,
to be his successor in that field, in view of the father’s
change of residence. Last of all, the statements and facts
„ known would indicate that as soon as the father had va
cated the field the son moved in and occupied it, taking his
place and continuing the work which the father had com
menced. It looks very much as if many, if not nearly
all, the baptisms performed prior to 1733, were those of
the father and not those of the son. Possibly the dis
covery of additional facts may some day throw more light
on the subject.
If allowed to construct an itinerary and “ cursum Vita: ”
of the two Stoevers, we would present the following: Dur
ing the winter of 1727-8, or, more probably, in the follow
ing spring, Rev. John Caspar Stoever, Sr., with his
„t
' .
«s
s
family, including his oldest son, the father’s namesake,

who was now twenty years of age and a student of
theology, set out for America. ‘September 11, 1728,
they landed at Philadelphia. The father, taking his
entire family with him, settled at Conestoga, near New
Holland. Having come to this country with the evident
purpose of preaching the gospel, and building up соп
gregations, he preached and performed ministerial acts
wherever opportunity offered, at the Trappe, at Phila
delphia, at New Hanover, at Moselem, at Oley Hills,
Dorm (Durham) Furnace and various other points, ex
tending through Maryland into Virginia. He also
endeavored to gather and organize Lutheran congrega
tions in the more sparsely settled sections in the interior,
where he made his home, at New Holland, Lancaster,
Muddy Creek, Little Tulpehocken, Hill and other points.
While the father was thus engaged, the son still pursued
his studies and probably rendered his father whatever
assistance he could as a student. The son applied to the
Swedes for ordination, but for some reason or other, pos
sibly because he was not a university student, and possibly
because he had only his father’s recommendation, they
seemed to doubt his fitness. He also applied to Rev. Dan
iel Falckner, who likewise declined to ordain him. We
can readily see reasons other than a question as to personal
fitness or capacity for this refusal.
But now circumstances became different. Rev. John
Caspar Stoever, the father, receives a call to Virginia, and
this whole territory will be without the services of a Ger
man pastor. Rev. John Christian Schultze is about to go
to Europe to collect funds for his congregations, and also
to interest the German people in their brethren in the
faith living in this country. The whole German popula
Biographical Sketches of IVIinisters. 149
tion will then be without the services of a Lutheran minis

ter. That state of things could not and would not be sat
isfactory. The two men conclude that the remedy lies in
the ordination of this young man who is now twenty-five
years of age, and supposed to be able to take care of him
self and to look after the interests of the church. Pri
marily he was to be the pastor of Muddy Creek, New
Holland, Lancaster, Hill, Tulpehocken, etc., But being
the only ordained German minister in Pennsylvania he
was to look after and care for the churches which Schultze
left without any pastor and which the elder Stoever had
evidently served before. That he did visit and look after
these churches as often as circumstances would permit, is,
we think, not questioned. That he did not reside among
them is also known; for soon after his ordination, he re
moved to the more distant field and had his home there
until his removal to Lebanon about 1760.
As to the time, place and circumstances of his ordination
we need not say much. He himself tells us that it oc
curred April 8, 1733, about the time his father left for
Virginia. The place he does not mention, but he does
say that his marriage took place in connection with the or
dination service. Now what would be more natural than
that the son should be ordained and married in the father’s
presence at or near his home? And there is really no
ground for any other supposition than the statement of the
bitterly partisan missive called the “ Confusion von Tulpe
hocken,” which seems to have been issued with the sole
purpose of maligning Stoever’s character.
Muddy Creek is almost certainly the oldest of all those
churches, and unless we are greatly mistaken it was the
principal congregation at the time. lt was here that
Schultze baptized children during April, 1733. WVould
П
Schultze have come all that distance less than a week

before their own pastor was ordained? What business
had he to do it after that?
The son now settled at Conestoga: according to all
the evidence the very place the father had occupied.
The father'spent five years with his congregation in Vir
ginia, Then he set out on his collecting tour to Europe,
whence he never returned to his people. After his 01011111
11011 111е young man undoubtedly visited his father a num
ber of times in his far distant home. This is shown by
the record of baptisms performed at Monocacy, Opequan
and points further south. He evidently also made a num
ber of trips in that direction after his father’s death in
1738. Т11е remainder of their history, especially that of
the younger man, is elsewhere given. It might further
be added that the will of John Caspar Stoever 0f Vir
ginia, of which we append a copy in a note, appointing his
“ beloved son _lohn Caspar Stoever of Conestoga ” his ex
ecutor, also declares that he expected his son to succeed
him as pastor of the church in Virginia. Why this did
not happen is not recorded.1
‘ Cor-‘Y or тнв WILL or JOHN CAsPAn Sroevek, deed.
In the Name of the Holy Trinity, Атм.
Since the great God hath determined an end for all mankind, although
the manner and hour thereof by none is foreknown, yet he sendeth some
times messengers of sickness, by whom he calls us to consider his saying: Set
thine house in order for thou shalt dye (die); which I also have experi
enced in (on) ту sea voyage from England'to Pennsylvania, and thence
to Virginia. I have so (to) set in order two great (important) House
añiairs, both concerning the House of God (the añairs of the House of
God, as well) as my own family. I will therefore begin on (at) the
chiefest as the House of the Lord (at the House of the Lord as the chief).
The articles of agreement (contract) with my congregation, and the cer
tificate from the Governor to his Brittanie Majesty of Williamsburg (the
certificate of the Governor of Williamsburg to his Brittanic Majesty), to
(do) testify of (on) whom I depend, and what I and my companions after
(5) Вы. LUCAS RAoss.
This man was one of the assistants
of Dr. H. M. Mühlenberg, or a sub
stitute, as Dr. Mühlenberg sometimes
denominated those men. As this sketch
will show his was a very checkered
career.
Не was born October 18, 1724, near
Cronstadt, Siebenbürgen. His father and his grandfather
both were ministers. The latter attained the age of
ninety, and being blind, obtained his education by hear
ing others read. His grandfather was also named Lucas.
His mother, Justina, was a minister`s daughter. The
father died when Lucas was about ten years old. His
maternal grandfather suffered greatly during the Hun
garian dynastie struggles. Lucas was sent to school when
only three years old. Afterwards he attended the gym
the finishing of the collections on such long and very dangerous journeys
for our faithful sincerity should enjoy. (The German says: “ and what I,
after having finished the collections, and goods presented, shall enjoy (or
receive) for the faithfulness and uprightness in this great (long) and
most dangerous journey.) Michael Holdt hath truly accompanied (did in
deed accompany) us to Danzig, but what wicked knavery he hath raised
(commenced) there against us, and what damage in our collecting affairs (by
the ministry) in London on his return there he has caused cannot be
restituted to this congregation with 400 pistoles. (The German says: that
Mr. Holdt in going back to London damaged their collections to an extent
which could not be replaced or required to the congregations by 400
pistolen.) Yea how through him and his wicked mouth, that blessed
institution when а (well) learned man Master George Samuel Klugh by
the heartbending (directing) grace of God, hath fully resolved, and in
Elbingen as a (the) second minister (pastor) to his (this) congregation
the calling (call) accepted, and further in Danzig confirmation received
for whose maintenance in his journey from thence to London we have
paid 400 Elbingen or zoo Dutch Florins according to the currency in the
empire and for reason of the many recommendations from a great many
nasium at Cronstadt. In 1743 it had been agreed upon

that he should attend the university at Halle, but instead
of that he was sent to the gymnasium at Presburg. There
he heard much about the Pietists, frequently denunciatory.
Apparently of an unstable disposition, and infected by the
martial spirit of the times, after wandering around, he
high Lords, both spiritual and temporal, as from other great merchants,
our full and abundant confidence was further confirmed, that the great
God would prosper our collections so far, that constantly two ministers
without the least charge to the congregation could (have) been main
tained and, likewise, a church and other unto the worship of God neces
sary buildings would (have) been erected. This mentioned is not said
with the least intent (that), we either have (we or) Michael Schmidt
would draw that part or share due to'Michael Holdt (wh. was Michl
Holdt’s), during the time he has been with us to our use: but we find it
requisite in our conscience to consider it in the Lord, whether not such
ought to be restored to the congregation as to whom chiefly it is a great
detriment, of his mischiefs (tricks) acted to the great loss of the con
gregation can issue an oath to be assured by Michael Schmidt, a man of a
good conscience, and when I this should confirm with my death, I hope
credit will be given to my words as also to the correspondency held with
Master Ziegenhagen. Now unto my well beloved :on .lohn Caspar
Stoever, Minister of Cone-fieke», unto thee and Michael Schmidt do I give
full power to do thy earnest endeavor for the estate of this church, and
especially the well ordering of Divine Service with all thine (thy) con
science, so as we have begun it in the Lord and if these (this) beloved
congregation would call thee for their minister, in my place, thou oughtest
to accept of it, in case thine conscience be not hurted thereby:
therefore as soon as thou hearest anything of a (from this) Mich
ael Schmidt, go to Philadelphia, and assist him as good as pos
sibly to bring unto thine house him and his and mine goods, and two
other families going along to Virginia: this done send directly an ex
press messenger for the other (three) remaining church wardens
(deacons) by (of) the congregation, desiring them by way of a letter
to go (come) speedily for to hear the General Letters of Attorney, which
thee has received, likewise the account of mine and Michael Schmidt’s
concerning the whole congregation according to the memorials (state
ments) set down in the congregation books, as also in other letters not
inserted into the collection books, and also especially in a small Ham~
bourget Alminack wherein I have set down many great and small sums in
went to Perth. Finding no way of supporting himself

there, he was kindly cared for by a casual friend. Не
finally reached the University of Jena, where he spent two
years, his family aiding him. Then he went to Nord
hausen and had his usual experience-_out of funds and
Without friends. Не then found his way to Amsterdam,
the Latin tongue, belonging to the sums received. Then make in the
presence of the church-wardens according to the agreement the portions
belonging both to the congregation, to me, also to Michael Schmidt, and
let everyone of the church-wardens have two shillings Virginia currency
per diem out of the church portion. Thou canst also certify the whole
congregation in Virginia, that if they would elect some members to see the
collect affairs settled, they might have liberty though without charges to
the congregation. Send also letters along to my wife and children, be
cause thou hast likewise full orders, what thee shouldst distribute for а
patrimony to herself and to all my children that they may come together
with the church-wardens. There is in ready money four sealed packets,
each of it containing 2оо Pistoles, amounts to eight hundred pistoles,
when therefore the contingent of the congregation is accounted, then
ought that, what I and Michael Schmidt have laid out for the congrega
tion, unto us be restituted: It is further to consider that from the for the
congregation collected books, as likewise from a silver cup and small
plate thereon we ought to have our share also; I did send from Ham
bourg unto John Henning Carstens of London a great chest full of books,
therein was contained volumes of Luther's Works written in Wittenberg,
one volume more I bought to it, but the last volume I could not get to
buy. A great many books was in it for the congregation, for my use was
in it Speneri consilia in three volumes, many new books unbound as to
wit, Puffy (Paff'sì) great (large) Bible, an Hebrew Dictionary, Buddai
(Buddai’s) Moralia, Dutch, Michaeli’s Hebrew Grammar, Longy (Long’s)
Greece (Greek) and Latin Grammar, and others more unbound in the
chest I paid for. But she (it) had the misfortune to be in a shipwrecking
vessel. But I received from the above mentioned Iohn Henning advice,
that the chest by the grace of God was saved, but should (would) be sold
in a short time, then he would buy her again for me, which he has done
with about 36 shillings Sterling тому—[Не chest now is in London and
you ought therefore to send immediately by letters to the above John
Henning desiring him, that by the first opportunity he would be pleased
to send the chest over to thee with the offering that he who did bring the
chest, should of his money laid out, have gratefully restìtuted. The other
but was coldly received. Thence he went to Rotterdam,
faring no better. Finally he made his way to America, ar
riving in the fall of 1749. Here Rev. Brunnholtz found
him and kindly made arrangements for the payment of his
passage, fifteen pounds. The captain had threatened to
take him to the West Indies and sell him into slavery to
books belonging to the congregation are all packed up in Michael
Schmidt's chest. We also got a great many more books or gifts from the
booksellers in Leipzig and Strasburg, but since they was of no service to
the congregation we have (ex) changed them with a bookseller in Frank
fort for 200 Frankfortcn hand books, I and Michael Schmidt got bound
for the congregation. The others which we have got at Strasburg which
(we) have (ex) changed in Darmstadt for song books with great (large)
letters for the benefit of the congregation from these ought to be restored
us in the first place, what we have laid out for them, and secondlyl we
ought to have one portion on it likewise where we have endeavored to
get advance to preserve currency-_as I have marked it in the congrega
tion books by the conclusion of the Hamburger and Lubecker Account:
and it is also no more but reasonable that where we was obliged to give
advance we also should have it repaid, and these again _as soon as we
came to Leipzig and down to Lawenbourg until the end of the congre
gation, where the advance did amount (to) five p. cent.
Lastly have I and Michael Schmidt bought in Plymouth а hundred
pieces of cut window glass, packed in six chests with three hundred pounds
of putty, for to fasten the glass in the wooden frames, and have paid for
it according to the writings the sum of 25 pounds and ro shillings Ster
ling, which sum as likewise ought to be returned by the congregation.
What more is necessary to know in this affair confer with Michael
Schmidt and the writings, which together can give you light in (regard
to) all these things: Call for assistance hereto unto God the Giver of
Wisdom and understanding with a pure heart, that he might (may)
plentifully ñll thine heart with heavenly wisdom when in- such manner
the whole account is settled. Then cause a writing to he made by the neces
sary magistrate ог clerk of court of Evidence, that it may appear before
all the world and then give every one his Portion belonging to him.
Further observe as much (as) lies in thine power this congregation her
preservation and her true rest. Write on her behalf unto Master Fres
enium, the minister of Prince Darmstat’s court and desire him to send
in case of necessity a new minister over here and do thine best to uphold
correspondency with spiritual and temporal in Germany that they may
reimburse himself. Rev. Brunnholtz took charge of him

agreeing to furnish board and clothing. In return he was
to assist in teaching and preaching. Brunnholtz testifies
that he was gifted as a preacher, well versed in the classics
and in philosophy. He filled the position of assistant to
Brunnholtz and Muhlenberg for a short time. Then as
send over to thee the collection money which from there is yet to be ex
pected: of him have I bought besides other books, Longens Light and
Right, one part thereof faileth, write to him and he will assuredly send it
to thee. Concerning the goods, which I and Michael Schmidt have bought,
some of it belongs to me and to him; some other to him alone, but some
and the most for me alone, Michael Schmidt as I hope will all truly and
sincerely remember.
Finally there is these letters of Attorney my wife and children, and do
nominate thee herewith once more, that thou the gift I have herein to
everyone bequeathed truly and faithfully distriburest. Firstly as touching
my beloved wife: it shall be given to her all what she has on cattles,
horses, swine and all other living creatures, all household stuff, bedding,
pewter, copper, iron, linen, in short (she) shall give nobody any account
in the least of these things, notwithstanding with these conditions when
she during my absence had behaved herself as an honest woman ought to
have done, that she both my oßice and honor with her scandalous tongue
hath not blamed or slandered and therewith great offence given.
In such like cases shall all from the greatest to the Smallest even unto
the Clothes of her Body be snatched away from her; since she all from те
derived, and shall be added to the Gift bequeathed by me unto the Chil~
dren. All things then what I leave behind me, be it in money, Silver,
Linen, Clothes, Beds, and other Sort of Goods what I have, shall Ье
counted together in one Sum and shall among my beloved Children be
equally divided and given unto them; but those out of Second Wedlock,
shall receive nothing into their han-ds, until they have reached their re
quisite age. Thou My Dear Son shalt observe them heartily for their
Education both in Christianity as their Livelíhood from their money
which thou hast in possession, if thee canst not turn it otherwise, give
them the yearly Interest: Here hast thou my beloved Son the full Letters
of Attorney and power, what I desire of thee: God grant thee Wisdom
and Understanding and grace plentifully for Jesus Christ's sake and
keep thine heart from all fraud and Falsehood Amen Amen.
That I this afore writing with good understanding and Christian
Fatherly Love, from me hereunto subscribed, through the Schoolmaster
a test, they sent him to take charge of Rev. Hartwig’s field

near Albany, New York.
He seems to have tired of this very soon and returned
to Pennsylvania. They then decided that the only thing
to be done was to ordain him-_“ they were constrained to
ordain him ”-but it is not stated in what the necessity ._1-.42A
consisted. He and Rev. Schrenk were ordained at the

Trappe, November 5, 1752. In addition to the work
of assisting Mühlenberg and Brunnholtz in preaching, he
was given charge of the “ Filial at Pikestown," about
seventeen miles away, and of Colebrookdale, very evi~
dently the Hill Church. He commenced the “Church
Records” of this latter church. According to Schieren
beck, who gives Brunnholtz as his authority, his poverty
must have been very great. He then bought himself a
farm, but being too poor to stock it and having little
John Ebegrt (Ebert) upon Sea in my Sickness is written with my own
hand and acknowledged and with the following evidences for the Sub
scription is now Sealed: JOHN САзрАк Srorven Minister of the Dutch
Lutheran Church in Virginia. Michael Schmidt, William Missing, John
Ebert. л
I have examined the foregoing with the original In the Dutch Lan
guage-and I believe the same to be a true translation to the best of my
knowledge as \Vitness my hand this 20th Day of March :N8-CHRISTIAN
GRAssoLD.
Philadelphia March 20, 1738. The above named Christian Grassold
upon his solemn confirmation according to Law did Declare that the 101‘:
going is a true translation of the Original Will of John Caspar Stoever
written in the Dutch Language, according to the best of his knowledge.
Coram Per. Evans, Reg. Genl.
Thus endorsed on the Original, viz.: “Philada. The Twentieth March
1738 Т11е last Will and Testament of John Caspar Stoever deed., was
proved in due form of Law and Probate and Letters Testamentary were
granted to John Caspar Stoever Sole Executor therein named being first
legally Sworn well and truly to administer the said Deced. Estate.”
Registered at Philadelphia in VVilI Book F, pages 96 and 126, etc.
Nom-This stiflly literal translation has been copied regardless of sense
pr construction.
Biographical Sketches of illinisters. 157
knowledge of farming, his prospects did not become

brighter.
August 7, 1753, he married Anna Sophia Gemling, said
to have been a very respectable servant (Redemptionist).
When Rev. Schaum failed to keep the congregation at
York together, Rauss was recommended. At first he ас
quiesced in the arrangements, then he declined. Finally
he Went very unexpectedly and took charge of the con
gregation.
But now he turned against Muhlenberg and the synod,
which he afterwards abandoned. May 19, 1761, he even
brought formal charges against Rev. Muhlenberg. These
being laid before Synod and investigated, were found to be
groundless.
In his defense Muhlenberg describes Rauss as being un
stable, capricious, suspicious, not over truthful and, above
all, lacking in sound discretion. In 1763 the congregation
at York dismissed him. But his family remained con
nected with the congregation of which he was no longer the
pastor. Не still retained some of the country churches,
and it is said practiced medicine during this time.
He died luly п, 1788, in his sixty-fourth year. He
was survived by one son and two daughters. Both the
parents and the other members of the family rest in the
churchyard at York.
(6) Rev. RoeLLeR.

The general impression seemed
to be that this must have been
Rev. G. Roeller, but that is a
palpable mistake. This man was
only licensed in 1799. The
record of the confirmation of
forty-eight persons May 17, 1787,
shows conclusively that this was
the act of Rev. Conrad Roeller.
The communion administered at
the same time must have been his act also.
It is altogether probable that he was neither regular
pastor nor stated supply, but that Dr. H. M. Mühlenberg
being quite feeble, Roeller as a neighboring pastor offi
ciated for him.
The Halle Reports, Vol. Il., p. 104, say of this man:
Conrad Roeller, who had studied at Erlangen, brought excel
lent testimonials. After his arrival here, 1771, 11е а1 first as
sisted H. NI. Mühlenberg in Philadelphia, then in connection
with F. A. C. Mühlenberg served congregations in the vicinity of
Lebanon. Finally he took charge of Old Goshenhoppen, Indian
field and Tohickon.
This was probably his field and from it he gave assist
ance to Mühlenberg.
In the first volume of the Halle Reports we are told he
remained in this field to the end of his days. The state
ment that he served congregations in the vicinity of Leb
anon is a mistake.1
lRev. F. A. С. Muhlenberg in his diary states plainly that he was a
simple visitor, taking the pastor’s place to enable him to visit outside con
gregations.
(7) REV. JOHN C. KUNZE, 111).

Although mentioned in connection
with the supply of the congregations
at the Тгарре and at New Hanover
immediately after the death of H.
M. Mühlenberg Dr. Kunze seems
in no way to have been connected
with this congregation further than
' the mere filling of the pulpit by а
colleague, and baptizing children.
But as Dr. Kunze was a leading man of his day we give
a brief abstract of the sketch of his life as presented by
Rev. W. Richards, D.D., one of his nephews, in the
_v_._-. —-. _ —- .
“ Lutheran Almanac ” in 185 1.
Rev. John Christopher Kunze, D.D., was the last of
the regularly called and ordained men sent from Halle
to our American churches. Our churches had learned to
provide for themselves, and men now came from Europe
without a regular call. Не was among the most learned
and pious of those called. The whole church in America
was indebted to him for his services as professor of oriental
languages in the University of Pennsylvania and after
ward in that of New York. A profound theologian, his
instructions were often given in Latin. He also intro
duced the regular use of English in the services. He
compiled an English Lutheran Hymn Book. He was
born August 5, 1744, in Artern, near Mansfield, attended
the gymnasium in Rossleben and in Merseberg, and studied
three years at the Leipzig University. For three years
he was preceptor at Closter Bergen, and then was ap
pointed inspector of the orphan house at Greitz. In
less than a year he received a call from Halle, for Penn
CHAPTER VI.
THE CHURCH BUILDING.
El PARTIAL description
of the present church
edifice, erected by the congre
gation, frequently spoken of
as the third one, but in all
probability the fourth, has
been given in connection with
the history of the organiza
tion of the congregation in
Chapter II. We will there
fore not repeat the details
already given.
The substantial and perma
nent character of the build
ing then erected is shown by the fact that the walls have
weathered the storms of more than one hundred and forty
years, and they will apparently be able to withstand those
of several centuries more. It stands and will continue
to stand as a monument of the substantial and stable
162
' THE Naw ‘(они
PUBLIC LIBRARY
АЗТОЧ, 1."""‘Х AAND
Ínŕ>l"‘rl`T"r`L:8|
The Church Building. 163
workmanship of the people who erected it. 111 all prob

ability generations of the descendants of those worthy
fathers will continue to meet and worship in it the God .
whom their father served, with equal fidelity.
The present church is а graystone building,'with brown
stone trimmings, 67 х 46 ft. The Walls are very heavy,
thirty inches and over in thickness. The stone of the
walls is said to have been carted by teams from Chester
County, six or seven miles distant. The zeal and industry
of those devoted people must have been great. They
were building for ages and centuries to come.
ln the accounts already given it has been shown that
the first church building was erected some time between
1694 апс1 1703, and was used until about 1721, when
the congregation found it necessary to provide a better
and more convenient place of worship, which was done
between 1721 and 1727. This second church seems to
have answered the purposes of the congregation until
about 1741, when the erection of another church became
necessary. Then in 1767-68 the present substantial
edifice was erected.
But in one matter at least the second church building
had an advantage. It was provided with a bell and seems
also to have had an organ. Until ‘about fifty years ago
the present church was without a bell. At the time of
the centennial celebration, Rev. L. Groh, D.D., the pas
tor, declared that the church bell, then for the first time
invited worshipers to the house of God. We understand
that a steeple and a bell were included in the improvements
then made. But after all the statement was entirely too
broad. For, unquestionably the former church, that
erected 1741-47, had а Ье11. Неге 15 the record which
H. M. Muhlenberg himself made:
In the year 1748 the following members of this christian con
gregation in New Hanover Township purchased a bell and have
had the same placed on the church for the common use of the
Ev. Luth. congregation in their services, with the special pro
viso that the bell is to be rung for them and their descendants on
the day of their marriage and on the day of their death, if they
die as Christians. With this end in view the amounts contributed
are recorded as follows: (then follows the list of names, headed by
Muhlenberg and including Valentine Geiger, Adam Wartman,
who was a member of the building committee, Mrs. Sprogel and
many others).
The entire amount contributed was с829, 55 ($78.00). The
above amount was duly received by the deacons, and settlement
was made in the presence of the congregation, as the same may
be seen in the Protocol.
This is attested by H. M. MÜHLENBERG, V. D. M.
Jan. 24, 1751.
The original reads thus:

Im Jahr 1748 haben folgende aufgezeichnete Gemeinsglieder in
dem Amte Neu Hanover eine Glocke gekauft und selbige zum
Gemein gottesdienst der Ev. Luth. Gemeine daselbst in die
Kirche aufhaengen lassen, mit dem besonderen Vorbehalt, dass
ihnen und ihren Nachkommen die Glocke soll an den Hochzeits
und Begraebnisstagen gelaeuted werden wenn sie eines christ
lichen Todes sterben. Zu dem Ende stehen die Namen und aus
gelegten Gaben beschrieben wie folgt: Mühlenberg, Geiger,
Wartman, Sprogel etc-Summe £29.55. Obige Summe ist von
den Vorstehern der Gemeine richtig empfangen und vor der Ge
meine berechnet worden, wie in dem Kirchen Protocol zu finden
und zu sehen ist-solches bescheinigt
H. M. MÜHLENBERG V. D. M.
Den. 24 Jen. 1751.
This shows conclusively that the congregation purchased

paid for and put in place a bell one hundred and twenty
years before Dr. Groh referred to it and twenty years
before the present church was erected.
But regulations governing the use of the bell were also
made by the church council at a later period, some forty or
fifty years before Rev. Groh made this statement. They
hardly would have enacted a law governing its use or
abuse by the organist of a neighboring church, if they
had not had a bell. As there apparently seems to have
been no bell there when the church was dedicated, we are
inclined to think that it must have been put in place
about the time a board floor was put into the building.
There was a general overhauling of the entire building
at that time, 1826. We are inclined to think that was
the time when a bell was again introduced. Why or how
it was removed, if it was really removed, we cannot say.
. .—. —_-`.
But we are fully convinced that a Lutheran Church council
would not have forbidden a neighboring Reformed organ
ist and schoolmaster its use in an improper manner if there
` was no bell in existence.
The cornerstone of the present building was laid _lune
25, 1767. It was dedicated by the assembled Synod No
vember 6, 1768. All the members, including the candi
‘М;‘Ев-ч.—
«Y1-a,
‘
dates, rook part in the service; and as was then customary
on such special occasions as the consecration of churches
and the ordination of ministers, children were baptized by
one of the visiting ministers. In this case the baptisms
were performed by Rev. Klugh.
This church at first had but few arrangements for the
comfort of worshipers, except benches or pews. lt had
a brick floor, and was without stoves. It is, therefore,
not strange to find that F. A. C. Muhlenberg in his diary
IZ
tells us that the cold in some of the churches was almost

unendurable. It does not require a very vivid imagina
tion to conceive how icy the atmosphere must have been
in a church like this, with stone walls from two to three
feet in thickness, a brick floor, and no stoves.
The Minutes tell us that at a congregational meeting held May 29,
1765, the following were elected as overseers in the erection of the church
building about to be undertaken. This is attested by H. M. Mühlenberg
himself. They were Matthias Hollebach, Adam Wartman, Matthias
Reichardt, Tobias Литва. But when the work was actually under
taken two years later only YVartman and Reichert seem to have acted and
Jacob Ebli seems to have been substituted for one or both of the others.
A sandstone directly over the door bears the names of Adam Wartman,
Jacob Ebli, Matthias Reichert als Bauhern A 1767. D. Another stone on
the side of the building directly under the cornice gives us another fact
of historic interest. It contains the name of Michael Stofilet, M.M., Ад).
1767. This shows that to him is due a great deal of the credit for the
durability and substantiality of this present structure. For he not only
understood his trade but evidently employed his powers here to advantage.
On March 9, 18 1 1, а1 the annual congregational meet

ing the deacons were instructed to make two subscription
lists, and collect money for two stoves. These were
probably wood stoves, although the record does not say
so. There seems to have been no opposition to their
introduction, as there was in another one of our Colonial
churches where some of the older women sat fanning
themselves with their bonnets during the first service held
in the church after the introduction of the stoves, although
there was no fire there-another illustration of the power
of imagination. These stoves seem to have remained in
use until February, 1858, when others were purchased.
April 22, 1826, at a congregational meeting held in the
schoolhouse for consultation in regard to improving the
church building, it was resolved: “ that the brick be taken
out and a Hoor (of boards) he laid.”
2. “That the windows be changed.”

3. “That the church be painted, new doors put in,
and all other necessary repairs be made.” This might
justly have been called a “ remodelling of the church.”
In 1867, at, or near the time of the centennial of the
church, the question was raised whether the church should
simply be refurnished, so as to be just as it was forty
years before, or whether the entire interior should be
changed. It was then decided that the entire interior of
the building should be remodelled, if suñicient funds could
be secured by subscription. Frederick Brendlinger, Dr.
Jacob Knipe and Elias Fegley were appointed a committee
to prepare a draft of the work to be done. Milton H.
Brendlinger, Stephen Fegley, Israel Erb and Nathan
Drehs were appointed to see what amount could be raised.
It was estimated that the cost of the work would be
$2,700, without including the cost of a new bell. Special
services were held at the reopening of the church, whic
are noted elsewhere. ` '
ln 1885 the church was again repaired, the Woodwork
painted and the walls frescoed.
After nineteen years more, in 1904, it was again remod
elled, this time possibly more thoroughly than before.
The stoves were now removed and a heating plant sub
stituted. Memorial windows of stained glass were put
in together with a new pulpit and furniture. A new
organ was likewise introduced, so that the church ap
peared in an altogether new garb.
The preceding year the congregation had celebrated its
bicentennial, so that these improvements might justly be
regarded as a thank offering to the Lord, for the prosper
ity, growth and advancement during two hundred years.
One peculiar feature of the records on hand is that very
little is said about the organ. Besides the agreement

between Christian Diefienbach and the Church Council
of the Evangelical Lutheran congregation in New Han
over Township we find only a few references to it. A
few times we are told how it may or may not be used.
The agreement is dated June 28, 1800, and recites that
it is an agreement between the president, trustees, elders
and deacons of said congregation with Christian Dieflen
bach of Bethel Township, Berks County, to build an or
gan for the congregation. It is to have ten stops and a
foot-pedal and is to be built 0f the best material, with
a walnut case. It is to be completed by August 1, 1801.
The price is to be 230 pounds ($680), one hundred and
fifteen pounds to be paid May 27, 1801, and the balance
t0 be paid November 27, 1801 (the first half was to be
paid on day of dedication). The contract is signed by
the sixteen members of the council. The note is signed
by Samuel Schoch, secretary. This organ appears to have
remained in use a little over one hundred years. In 1905
a larger and more modern instrument was substituted for
it. The present instrument is a gift to the congregation
and is an honor to the generous donors.
CHAPTER VII.
Тнв CHURCH COUNCIL, AND ITS TRANSACTIONS.
НЕ record of these trans

actions may properly be
introduced by this statement
of H. M. Muhlenberg:
November 26, 1742, I, Henry
Mühlenberg, minister of the Gos
pel and of the Augsburg Con
fession, arrived at this place, New
Hanover. On the 27th I pre
sented my call and my instructions
which I had brought with me,
from his Reverence the Court
preacher Ziegenhagen, at Lon
don, to the deacons and elders.
Оп the 28th I preached my Introductory sermon in this Church
before the congregation. After the sermon I also read my in
structions in their presence.
It certainly is a matter of regret that, until May 29,
1765, a period of twenty-three years, no further records
are to be found. Then те have the following:
MEMORANDUM.
In the year 1765, May 29, а congregational meeting was held
in the church at New Hanover, and the constitution contained in
I69
this book was presented, accepted by the members and subscribed

by them. The following leading men of the congregation were
constituted Trustees: Andrew Kebner Sr., Michael Weichel,
Adam Wartman, Michael Schlanecker, George Beck, Mathias
Hollebach, Henry Krebs, George Burkhard.
- After that, for the first time, six vestrymen from among
eighteen nominated, were elected, viz., Matthias Reichard,
Bernhard Gilbert, Moses Binder, Ludwig Pickel, George
Schweinhart and Valentine Stichter.
Two new deacons were also elected, viz, Adam Kurtz
and Ludwig Hering. Finally the congregation also
elected Matthias Hollebach, Adam Wartman, Matthias
Reichard and Tobias Juerger, as the overseers in the erec
tion of the proposed new church building. Henry Müh
lenberg attests this on the day and year above named.
We herewith give an abstract of this constitution.
Matters of detail are given only in summary.
We the undersigned,-the regularly called Pastors, as well as
the Trustees, Elders and Deacons elect, and the communicant
members of the United Evangelical Lutheran congregations in
New Hanover and New Providence Townships, in the county
of Philadelphia, following the example of our United Evangelical
brethren in the faith, in the city of Philadelphia, belonging to St.
Michael’s, and associated with us, obligate ourselves to the fol
lowing constitution for (the government) of the church and
congregation, under penalty of the loss of all share and claim (to
it) in case any one should deliberately act contrary to it.
CHAPTER I.
0f the Pastors.
§ 1.
It is the duty of the regular Preachers, or Pastors of our United
Congregations, publicly, purely, concisely, plainly and in an edi
The Church Council. I7 1
fying manner, to preach the word of God, in accordance with the

foundation of the apostles and prophets, and the Unaltered Augs
burg Confession, at the usual times of service on Sunday and on
Festival days, as well as at funerals, and upon other solemn occa~
sions; they are also allowed to hold meetings for devotion, exhor
tation and prayer on week-days, or during the evening, if found
necessary, or if their strength and time permit, in the church, or
in the school (houses) ; that according to the intent of Christ,
they spread the Word abroad freely throughout the congregation,
for its unending benefit: that they point out the way to true peni
tence and set forth the power of Godliness.
§ 2.
Т11е regular ministers, or pastors, shall also administer the Holy
Sacraments, viz., Baptism and the Lord’s Supper,-especially the
Holy Supper to those members who desire it, and at least accord
ing to external tests are fit, worthy and prepared to partake of it.
But they are at liberty, conscientiously, not as moved by sinful im
pulses, but according to the principles of the word of God to ex~
clude such as transgress openly and according to well established
testimony live in gross wickedness, sinning against the word of
Christ, from the Lord’s Supper and sponsorship in baptism, until
they give evidence of amendment of life.
§ 3.
They are not to refuse to visit the sick, when they are notified,
or it is desired, as far as in them lies, so that they may instruct
them in the word of God, lead them to repentance, edify them,
comfort them by means of the Holy Supper, if they be found fit
and worthy thus strengthening them and preparing them for a
blessed end.
§4
Especially are they to devote themselves most earnestly to the
instruction of the young, both in the church and in the school,
publicly and privately: they are to have the oversight of the
schools and of the teachers; they are to institute wholesome school

regulations, and school examinations; they are continually to visit
the schools, according to their ability,-to encourage the young,
so that they may be wellgrounded in the word of God,-in our
catechism and other books of instruction derived from it, so that
their attention may be directed to the atonement of Christ, and
that they may (be induced to) follow Him.
§ 5.
They shall have the right, whenever necessary and circumstances
require, to call a meeting of the church council and publicly invite
thereto, or cause it to be announced; also to attend the annual
church settlement, and all necessary regular meetings, having two
votes as pastor. They shall see to it that all be done decently and
in order, and in a christian manner, in the adoption of resolutions,
at the election of elders and deacons, so that the congregation's
interests be advanced, and (they are to see to it) that everything
be entered upon the minutes.
§6.
They shall not absent themselves from the general assembly
of the church, or Conference of Pastors and Elders, except in
case of extreme necessity, but they are cheerfully to attend the
same. They shall aid in serving any (congregation) that may be
vacant among our united congregations on account of the deccase,
or removal, of its pastor, until the congregation again secures a
regular pastor.
§7
Provides that each pastor shall personally exercise his oflice and
shall not allow an unauthorized person, not regularly examined
and ordained, to fill his position. It prescribes how vacancies are
to be supplied and filled.
§ 8.
Shows the course of procedure in case one of the original United
Congregations, New Hanover, New Providence or Philadelphia
should become vacant.
The Church Council. 173
§9.
Gives the rule of procedure in the discipline of a pastor who
should give offense either in his life or teaching.
§ 10.
The course of procedure in calling a new pastor.
§ 11.
The support to be given to a pastor so that he need not engage
in secular pursuits.
§ 12.
In conducting the service the pastors are to follow the liturgy
(adopted) provided.
CHAPTER II.
Treats of the External Arrangements of the Congregation.
§ 1.
Declares that the regular pastor, the trustees, the elders, the
deacons and communicant members constitute the congregation,
have the right to vote and control its affairs by a majority of votes.
§ 2.
Points out the fact that under its present arrangement and
control the congregations have been prosperous, and therefore
declares:
1. Those mentioned above as the regular trustees.
2. They and their successors shall control all the property.
3. In case of vacancy the congregation shall elect one out of
those proposed.
4. Nothing referring to the buildings, or property of the church,
or congregation, whether the church building itself, the school
house, the burying ground, or the land, shall be undertaken with
out the consent of two-thirds of the trustees.
As the council consists of the regular pastor, the trustees, the
elders and the deacons, all must act conjointly. The erection of
buildings etc., must have the endorsement of two-thirds of the
contributing members, before any steps can be taken.
ё 4.
The congregations are to have wardens and vestrytnen, i. e.,
elders and deacons.
(a) Six elders in each congregation.
(b) The old council nominates three for each office to be filled.
From the 18 names thus recorded six elders are elected. If any
one refuses to serve he must pay a respectable amount to the poor
fund and the next highest takes his place.
§5
The term of service is three years for elders and trustees. They
are reëligible, or may hold over by common consent.
§ 6.
Deacons are elected in the same manner-one selected out of
three.
§7
Gives duties of elders (ruling elders they are called) and are
those usually given in the Liturgy.
§8.
Recites the usual duties of deacons.
§9
Two thirds constitute а quorum.
§10.
Defines what are important танец—Фе buying of land, erect
ing and repairing buildings, the election of Pastors or of school
teachers, the selection of men to solicit funds, all these must be
acted on by at least two-thirds of council upon public notice duly
given.
§ r 1.
No accusation against pastors, trustees, elders or deacons is to be
entertained unless attested by 2 or 3 credible witnesses.
CHAPTER III.
Of members-their Rights and Duties.
§ 1.
. 1. Must be baptized. 2. Partake with us of the Lord's Supper.
3. Not live in open sin. 4. Not engage in a dishonorable calling.
5. Lead a godly life. 6. Contribute to the maintenance of the
church. 7. Obey constitution and laws. 8. Conduct themselves
properly towards pastor and other oflicers.
§ 2.
Those transgressing wilfully can have no share or portion or
right to vote.
§3
Discipline. 1. Admonition by the pastor. 2. Then in the
presence of several elders. 3. Before the whole council.
§4
П all this prove fruitless, they shall be excluded from Lord’s
Supper and sponsorship and voice in aiIairs. In case of amendment
may be restored.
This is to remain in force in these United Congregations of
New Hanover and New Providence until the Church council and
congregation, or at least two-thirds of them with their approval
thereof, deem it necessary to amend.
Subscribed at N. Hanover and New Providence, May 29, 1765.
Witnesses.
HENRY MÜHLENBERG,
IAcoß V. BUSKERK,
MICH. WALTER.
There are 108 other names, apparently all in the same hand
writing.
7c.
I76 The New Hanover Lutheran Church.
1766, January 7. Cassimer Missimer and Peter

Lober were elected to the church council.
1767, January 19. Michael Schlonecker, Jr., and
Jacob Kopp were elected deacons.
1768, January 19. Conrad Gilbert and Joh. Geo.
Schweinhardt were elected deacons. Christian Acker was
elected trustee instead of Andrew Kebner, deceased/
1769, January 9. Elders, Matthias Reichard, Ludwig
Bickel, Valentine Stichter, Moses Bender, George Schwein
hard, Casimer Missimer-Deacons, Bastian Reifschneider
and Philip Jacob Schmidt.
1770, January 8. George Schlonecker and Matthias
Fuchs elected deacons.
1771. Deacons, Ludwig Schidler and Michael Witt
man. Trustees, George Beck, Geo. Burkhard, Matthias
Hollebach, Christian Acker, Matthias Reichard, Ludwig
Bickel and Geo. Schweinhard. Vestrymen, Valentine
Stichter, Moses Bender, Cassimer Missimer, Bernhard Gil
bert, Andrew Joerger and John Geo. Schweinhard.
1772, January 20. Deacons elected, Jacob Schmidt
and Joh. Geo. Gilbert, Moses Bender was made trustee
and Peter Lober elected elder in his stead.
N. B. The reëlection of elders was omitted because it
was deemed advisable to retain those now in oflice as pro
vided in the constitution. Teste, LEWIS VOIGT.
1773, January 6. Deacons elected: Christian Kurz
and Jeremías Herpel.
1774. Deacons: Andrew Hornetter and Valentine
Kurz.
1775. Deacons: Leonard Wiesener and Martin
Sinzendorf.
1776. Deacons: Michael Krebs and Michael Acker.
1777. Deacons: Johannes Reichart and Matthias
Wartrnan.
I778, January 6. General election of Church Council.

Trustees: Peter Lober, Cassimer Missimer, Bernhard Gil
bert, Joh. Geo. Schweinhard. Elders: Michael Schlon
ecker, Stephen Krumrein, Sebastion Reifschneider, Lud
wig Schittler, Michael Wittman, Geo. Gilbert. Dea
cons: Henry Gilbert and Michael Kurz.
1779, January Ó. Deacons, Peter Eigner and Ludwig
Schick.
1780, January I7. Annual Settlement. Names of en
tire council as now constituted: Trustees-Geo. Burkhard,
Ludwig Pickel, Geo. Schweinhard, Moses Binder, Peter
Lober, Casimer Missimer, Bernhard Gilbert and Joh. Geo.
Schweinhard, Elders-_Michael Schlonecker, Stephen
Krumrein, Sebastian Reifschneider, Ludwig Schittler,
Michael Wittman and George Gilbert. Deacons-Peter
Eigner, Ludwig Schick, Jacob Christman and Benjamin
Merkle.
1781, March IÓ. Elders: Sebastian Reifschneider,
Ludwig Schittler, Geo. Gilbert, Valentine Kurz, Michael
Krebs and Matthias Wartman. Deacons: Jacob Binder
and Adam Wartman. Memorandum: At this time
(April 16) the Church Council appointed Sebastian Reif
schneider, Michael Krebs, Benjamin Merkle and Adam
Wartman builders of the parsonage. Attest: H. Müh
lenberg, Sr.
1782. Deacons elected: Peter Reichard, Christian
Stettler. Installed April 21.
On the same day the council and the congregation took
the following action: Rev. Muhlenberg stated that he was
becoming too feeble to render the necessary service and
advised them to send delegates to the next synod convening
at Lancaster, to apply for a pastor. Endorsed by all.
2. To the question whether the builders elected should
begin the work at this time, when no money can be col

lected or loaned, and whether the congregation would
stand by the four men and indemnify them, the answer
was pauper ubique est.
3. А test subscription was made to see what each one
would subscribe. Some slipped away quietly, the remain
der promised and subscribed about seventy pounds ($1 86.~
66 2/3). The estimated cost is £300 (i. e., $800.00).
Attest: Muhlenberg, Sr.
1783. Trustee: Ludwig Schittler, elected, instead of
Geo. Burkhard. Elder: Michael Kurtz. Deacons:
Fredr. Vogel and lacob Bickel.
1784, January 6. Deacons: Conrad Knetz and Geo.
Schnell.
1785, January ó. Elders: John Reichard instead of
Michael Krebs, who moved away. The rest were re
elected. Deacons: Paul Linsebiegler and Adam Krebs.
1788, February 3. 1 Trustee, I elder and 4 deacons
elected. Sebastian Reifschneider, an elder, elected trus
tee; Michael Krebs elected elder in his stead. Deacons:
Peter Schweyer, Adam loerger, Wendel Renninger and
Andrew _loerger-these were installed March 30 by
Rev. Lehman.
1790, January 3. Trustees: John Reichert, Valentine
Kurtz and Michael Kurtz elected. Elders: Frederic
Vogel, jacob Pickel and Leonard Weissner, elected. Dea
cons all continued in office.
1791, January ó. Deacons: Dewald Joerger and Mar
tin Fritz elected; installed fourth Sunday after Epiphany
by Rev. Weinland.
1792, January ó. Deacons: Ioseph Brendlinger and
Iacob Mecklein elected.
1793, January 7. Deacons: Michael Ioerger and
Philip Reyher elected. Elders: Michael Krebs and Geo.

Gilbert having died, Jacob Binder and Leonard Weissner
were elected. Postscript. By instruction of the church
council it is to be recorded that, December 8, 1793,
Bernhard Gilbert, because of his conduct towards the
pastor, is declared unworthy of his office by two thirds
of the church Council. This was ratihed by the congre
gation at three meetings. After the close of the service
Matthias Шайтан, formerly an elder, was elected trus
tee and Benjamin Merkley as elder in his stead.
1794, January ó. John Schlonecker and Benjamin
Schneider were elected deacons.
January 20. At a meeting of the church council, two
thirds being present, it was Resolved:
1. That the congregation be incorporated.
2. That the election of deacons is not to be held at the
usual time, viz., on Epiphany, but on the second Saturday
of March, 1795, at which time there is also to be a general
election for members of _Church Council.
3. Т11е deacons having presented their accounts, Messrs.
Benjamin Schneider and John Schlonecker were requested
to audit the accounts of the senior deacons, Philip Reyher
and Michael _]oerger, and report on the second Saturday
of March.
March I4. The council and the congregation met in
accordance with the provisions of the act of incorporation ì
to elect a new church council, resulting as follows:
Trustees: Michael Kurtz and Valentine Kurtz, 1 year;
Ludwig Bickel and Geo. Schweinhard, 2 years; John
Reichert and Bastian Reifschneider, 3 years.
Elders: Benjamin Merkell and Dewald IOerger, 1 year;
Friedr. Vogel and Matthias ÑVartman, 2 years; Jacob
Binder and Harry Gilbert, 3 years.
Deacons: Benjamin Schneider and John Schlonecker,

1 year; John Bickel and Jacob Renninger, 2 years.
Attest: Joh. F. Weinland, Pastor.
1796, March I2. The trustees elected for one year

were reëlected for three years. As Elders, Jacob Bickel
and Christian Stedtler instead of Benj. Merkell and
Fredr. Vogel, and the others continued. As Deacons:
John Fuchs and John Merkel.
This is also attested by J. F. Weinland, pastor.
Thus far the oldest record, or protocol, has been fol
lowed. In another one these last records of 1795 and
1796 are repeated. An item not recorded in the first
but placed in this latter is, that in addition to the trus
tees, elders and deacons as given above, Rev. Fr. Wein~
land was elected president, John Reichard, treasurer, and
Benjamin Marckly, secretary.
June 26 (1796) . Rev. Weinland, without having in
formed the congregation, publicly announced that he
would resign at the close of his year (October I, 1796)
and advised them to endeavor to secure a pastor.
August 21. Public notice having been given, the cor
poration and the congregation Resolved, that Rev. Wein
land be asked whether he had firmly resolved to leave the
congregation. This was done. On the same day Rev.
Weinland appeared before the congregation and declared
again that he was determined to leave the congregation
and again advised them to look for another pastor. At
the same time another meeting of the corporation and the
congregation on the twenty-ninth of August was agreed
upon.
August 29. It was resolved that Sebastian Reif
schneider and Theobald Joerger, as representatives of
this congregation, should consult with the Goshenhoppen

congregation as to whether it would be advisable to have
Rev. Geissenhainer serve both congregations. They met
and consulted, but without any definite result.
October 9. Rev. Dalicker (Ref.) announced that on
Thursday, the thirteenth, services would be held in the
Lutheran church by Rev. Geissenhainer. The services
were held, and at the close Rev. Geissenhainer requested
the congregation to remain. Twelve members of the
corporation (council) and a considerable number of the
members were present. lt was unanimously resolved that
Rev. Geissenhainer be accepted as pastor for six years,
beginning next April 1st, upon condition that his life and
teaching conform to the word of God, and that he reside
not more than six miles from the church. He was to
receive 60 pounds per annum ($160), payable at the end
of the year. The amount accruing between the date of
his election and April 1 was to be paid at the latter date.
November 13. Rev. Geissenhainer preached his intro
ductory sermon.
November 19. At a meeting of the corporation, pub
licly announced, thirteen members being present, lacob
Bickel was elected president, to serve till next election.
Christian Stettler and Valentine Kurtz were elected a com
mittee to arrange for the renting of the parsonage and
farm, from November 26.
March 5, 1797. Henry Gilbert and _lacob Bickel
were appointed to ask Rev. Weinland whether he would
be willing to submit the difficulties between himself and
the congregation to a committee of ministers, as had been
proposed.
The election was held on the eleventh.
Арт 2. The Church Council resolved to adopt by
13
laws. The president, lohn Reichert, Rev. Fredr. Geissen

hainer and `lohn Schlonecker, were appointed to draft
them.
January 7, 1798. Daniel Schaeffer was elected school
master by a majority of two votes.
December 9. Daniel Schaeffer, Adam Gilbert and
Samuel Schoch were publicly examined as schoolmasters, in
singing, reading, writing, etc. On the same day Rev.
Geissenhainer announced that in two weeks an election
for schoolmaster would be held, inviting all voting mem
bers to be present and to take part.
December 23. After service the election for school
master was held. The result was 54 votes for Schoch,
20 for Gilbert and 10 for Schaeffer.
Benjamin Märckley, John Reichert and Iacob Bickel
were appointed a committee to put up for rent the Lu
theran parsonage the following january 1, at 2 Р. M., for
the term of one year,
CHAPTER VIII.
TRANSACTIONS oF CHURCH COUNCIL-Continued.
S there was now a cor

poration it is deemed
sufficient to record the names
of president, secretary and
treasurer, in connection with
important events.
March 14, 1801. After
the annual election `lacob
Bickel, John Reichert and
John Schlonecker were ap
pointed to enter into an agree
ment (accordiren) with Sam
uel Fetter, residing in and oc
cupying the parsonage and farm, with reference to the
hay on hand.
March 13, 1802. It was resolved that Christian
Schweyer and Christian Stettler be a committee to examine
the accounts of the congregation and to report to the cor
poration as soon as possible.
Also resolved that Adam Gilbert be sent to Christian
Diefienbach, organbuilder, at the expense of the congrega
tion, to ascertain when the organ which had been ordered
183
would be finished. He was to report in two weeks.

Adam Wartman was authorized to construct a large
gate to the cemetery. After that the key thereto was
to be given into the care of the schoolmaster, from Whom
every one having occasion to enter the cemetery could
secure the key, but upon condition that the gate be care
fully locked and the key returned to the schoolmaster.
À/Iarch 12, 1803. The usual annual election.
March 10, 1804. At the opening of the session Rev.
F. W. Geissenhainer was elected president and John
Märckle secretary. After the annual election John
Märckle and John Bickel were appointed a committee to
make settlement with the treasurer before March 1.
The schoolmaster, Samuel Schoch, having stated that
the school house was in a very dilapidated condition, it was
resolved, that John Schlonecker, John Fuchs and Jacob
Schmidt be appointed a committee to inspect the same and
report on the matter before April 8.
Jacob Bickel and Carl Geiger, together with the pastor,
were named as the school committee to hold the examina
tion that year.
March 9, 1805. During the holding of the annual
election Rev. F. W. Geissenhainer acted as president and
Samuel Schoch, as secretary.
March 8, 1806. Jacob Bickel was elected president
and Samuel Schoch, secretary. Jacob Bickel and John
Reifschneider, together with the pastor, were appointed
a committee to visit the school and to report to the church
council.
IVIarch 14, 1807. John Schlonecker was elected presi
dent and John Bickel secretary. After the election John
Reifschneider and George Erb were appointed a com
mittee to see about the straw which Henry Weissler took
Church Records. 185
from the land belonging to the school. Jacob Bickel and

1о11п Märckly were appointed a committee to adjust
the accounts of the treasurer before March I. The
deacons were to supervise the outside fences on the land
belonging to the school and to see that they were kept in
good repair. It was also resolved, that John Reichert
and John Schlonecker be appointed a committee to draw
up an agreement with the schoolmaster.
March 12, 1808. 101111 Märckly, president, and John
Reichert, secretary. Resolved, that 101111 Reichert and
Jacob Bickel be a committee to rent the parsonage farm
for one year, upon such terms as may be deemed right and
proper by them, but they are to see that it suffers no
damage. Election of oflicers.
January 21, 1809. At a congregational meeting
Henry Gilbert jr. and Jacob Brendlinger were appointed а
committee to see to the renting of parsonage and farm.
March 11. 1асоЬ Bickel president р. t., and 101111
Reickert, secretary, р. t. After the annual election, 101111
Reichert was elected president and 101111 Märckly, secre
tary for the coming year.
March 10, 1810. After the annual election of ofl'icers,
tellers and auditors were appointed.
March 9, 1811. After the annual election and the ap
pointment of the auditing committee, it was unanimously
resolved, that during the following Spring the necessary
repairs to the church and school house should be made.
It was further resolved that in case Mr. Schmidt, the
school teacher, was incapacitated because of feeble health,
or other causes, his son-in-law, Mr. Schurig, should take
his place. It was also resolved that when the deacons
collect the pastor’s salary they shall also solicit subscrip~
tions for two stoves.
March 14, 1812. It was resolved that the election

of members of church council be taken up, after which
a resolution was adopted permitting Mr. Schmidt to cut
down a tree for ñrewood. This is signed by John Reich
ert, president and Christoph Schmith, secretary.
March I3, 1813. At a congregational meeting it was
resolved that the schoolmaster Christopher Schmidt
should have the privilege of residing in the Lutheran
school house, as heretofore and to have the use of the
stable and other outbuildings until the beginning of the
following May; but if another schoolmaster should be
employed and should desire possession from April first
he was to have it. It was resolved that lohn Reichert
be requested to notify Mr. Kraut of Lancaster and Mr.
Bernt of Goshenhoppen (of the Reformed Church) that
the position of school teacher in this congregation would
become vacant the following Spring, and if agreeable to
them, they should apply for the position.
It was Resolved, that a committee be appointed to rent
the land belonging to the school house for the benefit of the
congregation, in case no schoolmaster should be employed
to take possession that year. Henry Schweinhart, Adam
Warthman and George Burckert were named as the com
mittee. But it was to be understood that if the land be
rented a statement of this fact was to be included in the
agreement.
March 12, 1814. The following matters were trans
acted:
I. It was unanimously Resolved, that inasmuch as Mr.
Geo. Miller, our schoolmaster has presented his com»
plaints in writing because of a Want of remuneration,
our congregation obligate itself to furnish him thirty-five
pupils for one year from this day on, and in case, it could
Church Records. 187
not furnish that number it pledges itself to pay for nine

months during the year for the above number.
2. John Reichert, John Fuchs and John Märckly were
named a committee to communicate this resolution to the
Reformed congregation in New Hanover, and request
them to help carry it out.
3. Jacob Bickel and John Knetz were appointed a com
mittee to make full settlement of all receipts and disburse
ments with the Treasurer, John Reichert.
4. The election of officers.
5. Rev. Jacob Miller was elected president, Geo. Mil~
ler, secretary, and John Reichert, Esq., treasurer.
March 11, 1815. After the election and the appoint
ment of a committee of audit it was resolved, that in no
case should the pastor neglect the appointment for regular
services on account of a funeral.
March 9, 1816, after organization by the election of
Rev. Jacob Miller president and John Reichert secre
tary, the annual election was held. Upon request of the
pastor an addition of forty dollars to his salary was voted
him. John Reichert was elected president and Rev. Jacob
Miller secretary, for the current year.
March 8, 1817. Nothing but the annual election at
tested by Johannes Reifschneider, president and Samuel
Schoch, secretary, is recorded.
March 14, 1818. After the annual election had been
held it was resolved, that thereafter the Treasurer's ac
counts should be publicly presented t0 the congregation
on the day of the annual election in the school house and
that the deacons should be obligated to present to the con
gregation their subscription list of moneys collected, to
gether with receipts for money paid out.
Peter Fritz and Philip Bayer were appointed a com
mittee to examine the accounts of the treasurer from the

time when mistakes were said to have been found in them.
March 13, 1819. The annual election held as usual.
March 11, 1820. After the annual election it was
Resolved, that hereafter a collection be taken in our
church at every service, except at the harvest festival, days
of prayer and fasting, at preparatory service and at fun
erals held on weekdays.
April 8, 1820. The church council elected Jacob
Bickel, president, John Reichert, treasurer and Samuel
Schoch, the schoolmaster, as secretary.
March 10, 1821. After the election it was Resolved,
that the bricks be removed from the parsonage kitchen
and a board floor be put in.
Peter Bastress and John Gilbert were appointed to set
tle with John Reichert, treasurer, and to report to the cor
poration. It was also Resolved, that hereafter neither
treasurer nor deacons pay out any money without an order
signed by the president and secretary.
.lune 4, 1821. The congregation met to select a build
ing committee and appointed Adam Wartrnan and Peter
Fritz.
March 9, 1822. After the annual election, the account
of Peter Fritz with reference to money collected for the
pastor and the penny collections was gone over. It was
found that Mr. Fritz owed the congregation one hundred
and seventy dollars and forty-eight cents.
It was further Resolved, that the council of our congre
gation be required to institute a judicial examination of
the account of this congregation with the administrators
of the deceased Jacob Bickel with reference to Catharine
Kilhof (or Milhof), deceased.
September 7, 1822. The account between Peter Fritz,
Church Records. 189
treasurer of parsonage building fund and the congrega

tion, was finally settled. According to this settlement
Peter Fritz still owed the congregation five dollars and
fifty-four cents of money subscribed and still to be col
lected.
March 8, 1823. After the annual election and settle
ment with Treasurer Peter Fritz, it appeared that this
year the congregation had an income of $228.17y2.
January 10, 1824. The church council resolved that
if no one presented objections an election for schoolmas
ter would be held in the Fall. Should there be objections
the matter was to be laid before the congregation.
March 13, 1824. Contains only the account of the
election and settlement with the treasurer.
In accordance with the resolution of January 10, 1824,
the congregation was notified August 22 to meet in the
school house September 4, between the hours of one and
two o’clock, to decide by ballot whether Mr. Jaeger
should continue to be the schoolmaster. John Reifschnei
der was president, Rev. J. Miller, secretary, and Messrs.
Henry Stedtler and Henry Krebs were appointed judges
of election. After the votes had been counted it was
found that Mr. Jaeger was again unanimously elected by
one hundred and four votes. Upon this John Reif
schneider, Henry Stettler and Henry Krebs were ap
pointed a committee to draw up an agreement for three
years with Mr. Jaeger. At the same time it was resolved,
that to prevent disorder in the congregation, in the future
no one was to be allowed to lead the singing, or to play the
organ in the church, except the regular schoolmaster,
unless he should be sick or had given permission to an
other schoolmaster.
Resolved, that this action be communicated to Mr.

jacob Schneider, the Reformed schoolmaster.
October 3, 1824. А letter from the Consistory of the
Reformed Congregation in New Hanover, addressed to
the corporation of the congregation, was handed to the
pastor, Jacob Miller, by Mr. George Burkert. There
upon the church council, or the corporation, was invited
from the pulpit to meet, after service, in the school house
on the same day. In accordance with this invitation the
church council met and the letter was read. Upon mo
tion it was resolved to postpone the consideration of the
letter until the sixteenth of October. In accordance with
this resolution the church council again met on the sixteenth
of October and deliberately considered the contents of the
letter. It was resolved, that the pastor, Jacob Miller, the
secretary, be instructed to formulate a reply to the letter
in accordance with instructions given, and to lay the same
before the church council next day for their consideration.
The following letter, drawn up by the secretary in accord
ance the instructions of the church council, and carefully
revised by them, was unanimously accepted by the mem
bers of the corporation:
To тнв CoNsIs'roRY or тнв REFORMED CoNoREGA'rIoN 1N

New HANOVER. '
Most >Erteemr'd Friends:
We received your letter of September 26, and were surprised
not a little, inasmuch as the resolution sent to ~l'acob Schneider,
Esq., is altogether general in character, and concerned only the
order and welfare of our own congregation. Neither you nor
your congregation are mentioned therein nor was it sent to you
or your congregation. With the same right (of that you your
selves must be aware) with which you have sent your comments
Church Records. 191
concerning the same, any other congregation might call us to

account in regard to it. Inasmuch as, taking your letter as a
whole (notwithstanding the friendly form in which it is drawn
up) the resolution which we sent to Mr. Snyder does not seem to
suit you, and we cherish a kindly affection for you and your con
gregation, and as we do not desire to be suspected by you of having
entertained any unkindly feeling towards you, or your worthy
congregation, we feel ourselves compelled to give the reasons which
led us to adopt the resolution. These were the conduct of your
organist Mr. Jacob Schneider at the funerals of Mr. Voegley’s
child, of the aged Mr. Linsebigler, and a number of others. But
as these instances to which we refer must be known to you as
well as they are known by us, we deem it unnecessary to enter into
further details, simply observing that something of that sort was
up to this time unheard of by the oldest among us. And Dear
Brethren! who is there among you that has ever heard anything
of the kind? To convince you all the more, that with regard to
our former friendliness and love to you and your congregation
there has been no change, we herewith make you the offer, to re
turn to the old arrangement in regard to the school-master, which
obtained between the two congregations the past twenty or thirty
years, and we pledge ourselves, under these conditions, cheerfully to
rescind our resolution. Moreover, in addition we take the liberty
of informing you, that your pastor, as well as your congregation
are heartily welcome to the use of our cemetery and of our church,
at funerals, in the future as they have been in the past.
Äpri123, 1825. John Reifschneider was elected presi
dent, A. Wartman, treasurer and Peter Ieager secretary.
Three day’s later (26th) “ a congregational meeting was
held in the church to consider the sad condition of our con
gregation.” With the officers already named, the meeting
was called to order and after a clear setting forth of the
course of events by the pastor, Jacob Miller, the matter
being carefully considered, the following resolutions in
tended to promote the peace and harmony of the congre

gation were adopted.
1. Resolved, that we are well pleased with the course of
our pastor in general, and especially in regard to the long
talked of seminary and the General synod.
2. That we will stand by our pastor in every instance
in the future as we have in the past, especially in the suit
against John Liebenguth.
3. That each and every one, seeking to produce strife
and division among us on account of a seminary, a General
synod, or any other improper (unjust) matter, shall no
longer be considered a member, or members, 0f our con
gregation.
4. That both ministers of the Reformed congregation
shall be allowed the privilege of the cemetery in case of
funerals, the parties being allowed to select which ever
minister they choose.
Illarch II, 1826. The annual election was held and
April 15 the corporation elected its oflicers.
Арт 22. After public notice given from the pulpit
the congregation met in the school house to take action
concerning repairs to the church.
1. Resolved, that the brick be taken out of the church
and a floor be placed in it.
2. Resolved, that the windows be changed.
3. Resolved, that the church be painted, new doors
put in and other necessary improvements be made.
March 10, 1827. The annual election and April 14,
organization.
March 8, 1828. The annual election. At the same
time it was Resolved, that all papers and documents be
longing to the congregation be placed in the hands of the
treasurer. John Reifschneider, and John Bickel were
Church Records. 193
appointed to secure all papers belonging to the congrega
tion still in the hands of the heirs of John Reichert, Esq.,
and place them into the treasurer’s hands.
December 7, 1828, Peter Jaeger, the schoolmaster,
tendered his resignation in writing to the church council
and the congregation. Thereupon the church council
was notified to meet on Tuesday, December 12, in the
schoolhouse to make arrangements to secure a new school
master. It met on that day, and John Bickel, having
been elected president р. t., it was Resolved, that the
president shall have the following notice inserted in the
Reading Adler and in the German paper at Sumneytown:
А schoolmaster, able to read and write German and English
well, understands arithmetic, is able to play the organ and to lead
the singing, and who can furnish satisfactory credentials, is desired
by the Ev. Luth congregation at Falckner Swamp. Any one
desiring the position is requested to apply to the President of the
church council or to the pastor of the congregation.
PETER JAEGER, SECY.
By order of the Ch. Council.
JOHN BICKEL, Prest. pro tem.
Rev. Jacob Miller, having tendered his resignation in

writing to the church council and the congregation on the
seventeenth of January, 1829, they were invited to meet
on the same day in the school house to consult with refer
ence to the calling of another minister. On the (тету—
third of January the congregation met in the church and
it was resolved, that Revs. Conrad Miller, \Valtz of
Hamburg and VVambold from beyond the Schuylkill,
were to be the candidates, and that the church council be
instructed to Write to them, inviting them to preach here.
February 15. The church council resolved to announce
to the congregation that on Tuesday a week an election

for pastor was to be held. Accordingly Rev. 1асоЬ Miller
announced that on that day an election would be held.
February 22. The church council resolved to hold an
election for another schoolmaster at the same time. In
accordance with the announcement made the election was
held February 24. After all the votes had been counted
it was found that Rev. Conrad Miller was elected as the
future pastor and Mr. Storb as the schoolmaster.
March 14, 1829. The annual election and settlement
were held, and April 4 the officers of council were elected.
March I3, I830. After the annual election and settle
ment it was resolved that no cattle should be allowed on
the cemetery. At the same time the council resolved that,
inasmuch as the schoolmaster has been frequently morti
fied and aggrieved, and as they did not wish him to suffer
any manner of injustice any member ofthe congregation
who might in future treat him unjustly, should appear
before the church council, and if he could not clearly
prove his accusations, he should be dealt with according to
law.
April 10. The council organized by electing Adam
Stettler, president, Adam Wartman, treasurer, for one
year and Theodore Storb, secretary. At the same time
a resolution was passed to the effect that the keys should be
placed in charge of the schoolmaster, and that any one de
siring them should be required, upon request, to tell for
what purpose they are wanted. Should the object or pur`
pose be a proper one and consistent with the objects and
rules of this corporation, the schoolmaster was to hand
them over.
July 27. The council again met and appointed 101111
Church Records. 1 95
Schick, Peter Brendlinger and Christian Hartfield to put

the graveyard in order.
Лидия 7. The council again met and appointed To
bias Albrecht and Theodore Storb to examine the accounts
concerning the building of the new barn on theparsonage
farm, which they did.
ln November, 1830, at a meeting of the church council
it was decided that under no circumstances were the leaves
to be removed from the grove of the congregation except
forMarch
their own
12, use.
1831. The usual annual election and set-i '
Ыетет. At the same time Messrs. Adam Stettler and
Tobias Albrecht were appointed a committee to confer
with Henry Snyder with reference to the water course
upon the school land. At the same time they authorized
Adam Stettler to borrow $100 to pay off the congrega
tion’s debts.
April 23. The council organized by reëlecting the old
officers. At the same time it was unanimously agreed that
the schoolmaster should be allowed to pasture his sheep
on the graveyard, except on Sunday during the time of
service and on the Saturday preceding it.
March 10, 1832. The annual election settlement.
Арт 7. The council met and organized by electing
John Knetz president and reëlecting Theod. Storb secre
tary and Adam Wartman treasurer.
March 9, 1833. The annual election and settlement
were held.
April 6. The council organized by reëlecting the old
officers. The question having been raised, it was decided
unanimously that the shop erected on the congregation’s
land for carrying on the business of stonecutting belonged
to the schoolmaster.
lVIarch 8, 1834. Annual election and settlement, and

April 5 organization of council. John Jerger was elected
president.
lWareh 15, 1835. Annual election. A balance of
$50.79y2 on hand. It was resolved, that each member of
the council deliver, or cause to be delivered one cord of
wood, or its equivalent, at the parsonage.
.ll/[arch 11, 1836. Annual election-_Organized with
the old oflicers. At a meeting held December Io, Adam
Wartman was appointed to point out to the schoolmaster
where he might be allowed to cut his wood. (2) It was
also decided that pupils must cut the wood used in the
school and the trustees were to see that Wood was fur
nished for this purpose. (3) That Theodore Storb him
self must cut all the wood he needs to carry on his trade.
(4) That Adam Wartman, Geo. Romig and John Jerger
(Schwammkricker) be elected inspectors of the school t0
visit the school and to report on the educational method
and discipline of the same.
March 11, 1837. Election, and April 15 organization
of council.
.March 10, 1838. Annual election and settlement.
April 7. The council organized: Adam Stettler, pres
ident, Adam Wartman, treasurer, and Theodore Storb,
secretary.
At the same time it was Resolved, that school must be
kept open in our school house for three months, from
January to April.
But that (2) if at any time twenty pupils apply to the
schoolmaster or to one of the committee, the schoolmas
ter must open school and continue as long as they desire
to attend.
March 9, 1839. Annual election.
Church Records. 197
April ó. Organization of council, John Joerger, presi

dent-other oflìcers reëlected.
March 14, 1840. Annual election.
April п. Michael Albrecht president and other offi
cers reëlected.
March 13, 1841. Annual election. Samuel Yerger
elected president.
March 12, 1842. Annual election-Samuel Yerger re
elected president, Frederic Brendlinger elected treasurer
and Theod. Storb reëlected secretary.
March п, 1843. Annual election-_same oflicers as
last year.
September 16. Meeting of council and congregation
at which there was added to the agreement with the school
master that he must furnish 150 rails annually and keep
all the fences in repair.
March 9, 1844. Annual election and settlement.
April ó. Organization of council. Samuel Schnell,
president, and the other officers reëlected.
At this meeting there was another change in the bargain
with the schoolmaster, substituting seventy-five rails and
payment of the tax for the 15o rails to be delivered.
April Io. Council organized by electing Rev, Conrad
Miller President and reëlecting the other oliicers.
Jacob Binder and Matthias Kurtz were appointed over
seers of church repairs.
March 13. Annual meeting for election of trustees,
elders and deacons, and for settlement.
Арт 16. The council met and organized. Henry
Bickel, president, and the other officers reëlected.
March 13, 1847. Annual settlement and election of
I4
members of church council which met April 16, electing

Henry Bickel president and reëlecting the former treasurer
and secretary.
1848. This year annual election and settlement held
on the eleventh of April. The council organized on the
fifteenth, electing Jacob Erb president and reëlecting Fr.
Brendlinger treasurer and Theodore Storb secretary.
1849. The annual election and settlement took place
March Io, and the council organized April 9, by reëlect
ing all the old officers.
August I8. The council and congregation met to con
sult in regard to the condition of the school house, which
was ordered to be repaired.
The church council also resolved, that Art. 2, of by laws
referring to the Reformed minister be rescinded, and that
the pulpit be denied Rev. A. Hoffman as long as he is
deposed by his own church on account of immorality.
The petition following was considered at a meeting of
the church council held on August 25:
New HANOVER, Aug. 1, 1849.

Messrs. Iacob Erb, President, the members of the church council
and all the other members of the Lutheran lCongregation at New
Hanover:
Dear Sirs:
We, in part members of the Consistory and in part members of
the congregation, wish to inform you, that for some time there
has been dissatisfaction in our congregation, and to us it seems
to be daily increasing, because of our schoolmaster, Theodore
Storb, principally on account of the land which Mr. Storb has in
use (im Besitz hat). It is too much for the service he renders. We
ourselves, some of us being members of the church council, are of
that opinion. And when we reflect upon our own responsibility
which we owe to our congregation, before God and the congrega
Church Records. 1 99
tion (having pledged ourselves) to do everything for its highest
welfare. We are of the opinion that it would be just and proper
and for the best interest of the congregation, to demand a vote (in
regard to the matter). We therefore inform you herewith that we
call for an election to be held as soon as possible-to decide,
whether the contract now existing between us and Theodore Storb
is to be annulled or not.
A few members of the congregation are of the opinion that it is
not right for Mr. Storb to be paying rent, as he has improved the
land so that it is in good order. In our view of the case these our
friends are greatly mistaken. We are satisfied with his manner of
farming. We see too that Mr. Storb holds the land at too low a
rate, and that he has not done this at his own cost but at the ex
pense of the congregation. Therefore let us all be perfectly fair,
and let us give the congregation a chance to decide by vote, for
the best interest of the congregation. Faithful to the cause and
desiring the welfare of the congregation, we subscribe ourselves
SAMUEL HATEIELD, WILLIAM ROYER, JOHN BIcKEL, “711,
LIAM STICHTER, GABRIEL SCHWEINHART.
It was decided that the contract with the schoolmaster

remain unchanged.
March 9, I850. Annual election and settlement.
April 7. Council met and organized, electing John
Schnell president and reëlecting the other officers.
March 8, 1851. Settlement and election of members
of council, Samuel Schnell elected president.
March 13, 1852. Election and settlement. All the
old officers reëlected.
October 24, 1852. At a meeting of the church council
George Voegele was appointed to visit the Boyertown
congregation, Wm. Reller, the Keelor’s, Jacob David
haeuser, the Sassaman's, and Fr. Brendlinger the Hill
Church, to request them to send a committee (a delegate)
to the meeting of our church council to be held in our

school house next Saturday at one o’clock P. M. Mr.
Samuel Schnell was deputed to have a consultation with
Rev. George Miller, Pottstown.
October 30. As agreed upon the church council of this
congregation and the delegates from Boyertown, Keelor’s,
Sassaman’s and Hill met. All of them declared it to be
their purpose to retain their connection with the Lu
theran congregation at New Hanover. They elected Mr.
Frederick Brendlinger a committee to confer with Dr.
Demme in reference to a pastor for the future. He was
also instructed to write to Rev. G. F. Krotel, Lebanon.
November 10. The church council met and instructed
the Secretary, Theo. Storb, to write to Rev. N. Jaeger,
Berrysburg, inviting him to preach trial sermons in the
churches which are now vacant. A letter sent by a mem
ber of the Boyertown congregation was read to the church
council. Samuel Schnell was elected president and Th.
Storb, secretary.
December 18, 1852. In compliance with a resolution
of the church council an election for pastor to be held on
the following Wednesday, December ~2 2, at twelve o'clock,
was announced by Rev. Nathan Jaeger.
After the election, December 22, Jacob Binder and Fr.
Brendlinger were appointed a committee to notify Rev.
N. Jaeger of his election as pastor. It was decided that
the congregation would contribute twenty-five dollars
towards his moving expenses as far as Pottstown and
would bring him from that place, upon being informed
of his arrival. The pastor’s salary was fixed at one
hundred and sixty dollars, besides parsonage and land
belonging thereto.
March 12, 1853. Settlement and election of council.
Church Records. 201
It was also determined that Rev. Nathan Jaeger’s year

as pastor should begin on the first Saturday in April.
lt was also decided that Rev. Mr. Jaeger should be
permitted from now on to preach in the English language
occasionally. The secretary and treasurer were continued
in oiiice, and John Voegele was elected president.
Public notice having been given, the council and the con
gregation met October I 5, 1853. After the appoint
ment of Jacob Erb and Samuel Schnell as judges of elec~
tion, it was found that by a majority of 33 to 1, it was de
cided that one half of the congregation’s woodland, and
the field of farming land next to it be sold, for the pur
pose of erecting a house as a residence for the schoolmaster,
or organist, of the congregation, and to replenish the con
gregation’s treasury.
Without notice of a change of oflicers this action is
signed by John Fagley president and Frederic Brendlinger
secretary, pro tem.
When the land was sold on November 12, 1853, the
buyers were Frederic Brendlinger, Joseph Kase, Wm.
Zoller and Wm. Schneider, Esq.
December 17, 1853. After public notice given the con
gregation elected Samuel Boyer organist.
This statement is signed by John Fagley president and
Theodore Storb secretary.
December 31. Upon public notice given the council
and congregation again met, to consult in regard to the
school house about to be built.
The secretary, Mr. Storb, was instructed to inform
Samuel Boyer of his election.
January 27, 1854. The church council met, due notice
being given, and resolved that an election for schoolmas»
ter or organist should again be held on the first Saturday
of December of the present year.
February 3. The council again met, to deliberate in

regard to the erection of the school house. lt was re~
solved,
I. That the council itself take charge of the work.
2. That the president, Mr. 101111 Voegle, close a соп
1гас1 with the mechanics.
March 11, 1854. Annual meeting and election of
members of council.
Resolved, that the seal for the corporation exhibited by
Fr. Brendlinger, bearing the inscription: The Pastor, Trus
tees, Elders and Deacons of the German Lutheran Con
gregation in New Hanover Township, Montgomery
County, Pennsylvania, be adopted.
The president, 101111 Voegle, was instructed to sign the
deeds for the tracts sold November 12, 1853.
Аpril 1. After several announcements the council met
and organized by electing Matthias Kurz, president, Rev.
Nathan Ìaeger, secretary and F. Brendlinger, treasurer.
June 3. The council met and elected Fr. Brendlinger
as delegate to synod. This is the first record of the kind.
June 18, 1854. The church council unanimously
selected Matthias Kurtz as master builder for the house to
be erected. At the same time Chas. Brendlinger and Wm.
Roeller were named as a committee, to call on and ask
Wm. Zoller and Joseph Kehs, whether they mean to take
the land, and whether they consider the title satisfac
tory, and whether they mean to pay for it.
The parties having been seen about the matter, and
their answers being very unsatisfactory the congregation
reclaimed the land and finally, on 1и1у 15, 1854, sold it
to Frederic Brendlinger for $63 per acre.
October 28, I854. At a meeting of the church council
complaints handed in against the pastor, Rev. Nathan
Church Records. 203
Jaeger, were considered, but being decided unproven they

were dismissed.
December 2. ln accordance with the resolution of Jan
uary 27, at a congregational meeting Samuel L. Boyer was
elected organist by a vote of 79 to I.
March 10, I855. Annual election and settlement.
April 28, 1855. At a meeting of the church council
a contract was made with Fredr. Brendlinger, allowing
him to erect a fence around the congregation’s woodland
occupying the same for a period of ten years, paying two
dollars per year for the privilege, having the right to re
move the fence within that period. The church council
reserved the right to annul the contract within ten years,
but in that case all rent paid is to be refunded. The con
grcgation, the council or the schoolmaster were at all times
to be permitted to enter upon the land to take wood
from it.
Jacob Davidheiser and Jacob Reifschneider were elected
trustees for three years; Abraham Hauberger and Peter `
Mensch, elders for three years; James Markley and George
Erb, deacons for two years. There was a protest against
the installation of these men as being illegally elected by
seven members of the congregation. The record of this
is signed by Rev. N. Jaeger as secretary of the corpora
tion.
March 27. The church council met, with Solomon
Stettler president and Fredr. Brendlinger secretary p. t.
and organized by electing Conrad Yerger president, Fredi'.
Brendlinger, treasurer, and David Gilbert secretary for
the year. '
The next record is too lengthy to be copied entire. It
cites that at the regular election officers were elected; that
Rev. N. Jaeger announced their election and set a time for

installation. That the issue was the continuance of Rev.
Jaeger as pastor. That a second election resulted in the
choice of the same men. It is charged that the protest
was unlawfully and illegally entered, as those making it
were not members. Therefore the council demanded his
immediate resignation. They also, resolved to give him
notice to “ quit and remove from the church property be
fore the first Saturday in April, appointing a committee
of three to wait upon him and give him a copy of this ac
tion.
April 5. There was another meeting of council, eleven
members in attendance, at which it was decided that his
salary should not exceed one dollar per annum.
To this Rev. Jaeger replied declining to accede to their
action. Consequently the church council appointed a
meeting of the congregation to be held June 14, 1856,
to decide whether Rev. Jaeger should remain or should
leave. At this election a majority decided that he should
leave.
September 7, 1856. Fr. Brendlinger handed in his res
ignation as treasurer and Abraham Hauberger was elected
to succeed him. Michael Kurtz, Conrad Joerger and
Solomon Stettler were named as delegates to represent
the congregation at the conference at Pottstown. By
recommendation of the conference the council announced
another election to be held January 1, 1857. They also
appointed a committee to call upon Rev. Jaeger, asking
him to make the announcement on November 30 at the
public service. At this election 104 voters unanimously
decided that he should no longer be pastor. Notice of
the result was sent to Rev. Jaeger by the church council
Church Records. 205
and he was ordered to remove from the congregation’s

property.
The record shows that the Rev. Jaeger replied by having
a council of his own elected. The council protested
against their installation.
Then the council, April 4, 1857, notified Rev. Jaeger
that he would no longer be allowed to preach.
This whole matter was then referred to the court, the
details of which are not edifying.
February 24, 1858. Rev. Wendt preached a trial ser
mon and the council called him to serve the congrega
tion one year on trial.
At this same meeting the resolution excluding the Re
formed minister, Rev. A. Hoffman, from the church,
was rescinded, provided the Reformed Congregation
reciprocate. Fr. Brendlinger was appointed to convey
a copy of this action to the Reformed congregation.
November 18, 1858. At a meeting of the church coun
cil a committee, Rev. H. Wendt, Fredr. Foegly, Jacob
Yerger, Fredr. Brendlinger and John Roos, were appointed
to draft a new constitution and report November 26. On
that day the council again met and after considering and
discussing the constitution there presented article by arti
cle; after some few changes the same was unanimously
adopted. A congregational meeting was called to be
held December 11 to consider and act on the same. It
was also decided that the pastor’s year begin April first.
December 11, 1858. The meeting was held and all the
articles were unanimously accepted by the congregation.
lt was likewise resolved, that a list of members be pre
pared, and, that the constitution be read on three consecu
tive Sundays. Unfortunately there is no copy of it in this
record. After all this action Art. V. was reconsidered and

the addition made-_shall be male members-female mem
bers meeting the above requirements shall be considered
full members, only not having a vote. The minutes were
then read and adopted.
March 19, 1859. After the annual election it was re
solved to borrow $ 500 to meet expenses of the congrega
tion.
Арт 9. The council organized by electing John
Schaelier president, secretary Н. Wendt and treasurer Fr.
Brendlinger.
At a meeting of council held June I I, 1859, in addition
to ordering the payment of a lumber bill, Fr. Brendlinger
was instructed to see that the roofs of the parsonage
and barn belonging thereto be repaired. They also re
solved to tender to the Goshenhoppen (Reformed)
classis the use of the Lutheran Church during their meet
ing. It was also resolved to allow any member to erect
а shed upon the premises for the protection of horses
and vehicles during service.
July 23, 1859. The church council resolved to substi
tute baskets for the “Klingelbeutel” in taking up collec
tions in church; also that until the baskets are procured
the collections be taken up on plates at the doors. Should
there be serious objection the collections shall be taken
on plates until the meeting of the council in September.
Mr. Elias .Fagley was appointed to procure the necessary
baskets.
At the meeting of September, 1859, the list of mem
bers was presented and entered upon the books.
March 3, 1860. Meeting of church council to nomi
nate for oflìce. At this meeting it was resolved, that the
treasurer pay no bills except upon resolution of the coun
Church Records. 207
cil. The deacons were also instructed to solicit only

among members for the pastor’s salary. The election was
held March 10. At this meeting it was declared that the
resolution referring to collecting among members should
be construed to mean such as are twenty-one years of age
and have signed the constitution.
December 8, 1860. At the meeting of the council it
was decided that two overseers of the cemetery should be
appointed. Benjamin Smith and Fr. Brendlinger were
elected. At the meeting of council, March 2, 1861, candi
dates for the various offices were nominated, and it was
resolved to present each catechumen confirmed with a New
Testament and to the male catechumens in addition a copy
of the constitution.
March 9, 1861. The election was held and settlement
made. At a meeting of the council June 8, 1861, the
Home Guard of Swamp was invited to the celebration
of the Fourth of july in the church. Rev. Wendt set
forth the sad condition of the sick soldiers in the various
camps, especially at Washington, stating that a circular letter
would be issued by the synod with reference to the matter.
It was determined to hold a special service upon its receipt.
At this meeting the council also resolved to hold an an
nual collection for missions at the harvest festival.
September 7, 1861. After passing resolutions of con
dolence with the widow of Jonathan Muthardt, deceased,
a member of the council, adjourned until March 1862.
March I, 1862. There was a meeting for the nomina
tion of candidates. On the eighth the election was held.
.lune 14, 1862. The council again met. Having
changed their mind they decided that the collection at the
harvest festival should be for the congregation. The
vestry of Sassaman’s Church complained that the pastor
had given them up without a cause. The council then de

cided that they were opposed to a division of the field.
Against this four members of council afterwards entered
a formal protest.
Lack of a quorum prevented meetings in September and
December.
At a meeting of the congregation January 17, 1863, an
effort was made to raise $600 to pay ofi the debt.
At the meeting of the church council, March 7, a num
ber of resignations and dismissals from the congregation
were acted upon, and nominations made.
March 14. The election was held, and on the twenty
seventh the oflicers were installed. At a meeting held
May 14 a committee of eight members was appointed to
solicit subscriptions. Another meeting was held June I3
and others appointed.
March 5, 1864. Council again met to nominate candi
dates. On the twelfth the election was held. A new
minute and record book is to be procured, the minutes are
to be recorded in English hereafter.
March 26. Only routine business attended to.
At a meeting of council, April 3o, 1864, it was resolved
that on May I4 an election should be held to decide whether
a small strip of land adjoining Fr. Brendlinger’s property
should be sold to him. On May 14 it was decided to sell
him the small piece of ground 0n condition that he pay
all expenses of survey, etc., and that he keep a good fence
between the properties.
September 10. Upon proposal of the organist Samuel
Boyer, he was allowed to move off the congregation’s
property and to rent the same to Mr. Ezra Grubb. Rev.
Wendt also gave notice of his intended resignation.
At the meeting of September 17 he gave formal notice
Church Records. 209
of his resignation to take efIect the latter part of October.
The resignation was accepted and it was decided to in
vite Rev. A. D. Croll to preach trial sermons.
At a meeting, September 25, a committee was ap
pointed to visit Rev. A. D. Croll and present the invitation
personally.
September 28. Rev. Croll having declined to visit the
the congregation it was decided to invite Rev. L. Groh.
October 19. Mr. Samuel Boyer was appointed to invite
the church councils at Boyertown and Pottstown to ap
point committees to meet with the council of this church
on Sunday, October 26. On that day the meeting took
place and it was agreed to invite Rev. G. F. Gardner of
Trenton, N. J.
October 31. The committee was now authorized to
invite Rev. B. E. Kramlich. An election to decide
whether Rev. A. D. Croll should be called was appointed
for December 3. At that meeting Rev. A. D. Croll was
elected
Romig were
by a good
appointed
majority.
to notify
Messrs.
him. F.Rev.
Brendlinger
Croll declined.
and
It was then decided to invite Rev. Wm. Gerhardt, Jones

town, Pa. At the meeting of council, January 18, 1865,
they were informed that conference desired to unite New
Hanover, Boyertown and Pottstown into a parish.
Keelor’s congregation protested against this arrangement
and New Hanover sided with it. Another committee was
now appointed to confer concerning a pastor.
February 23, 1865. An amendment entering all regu
lar communicants upon the membership list was proposed
to be voted on at the next regular congregational meeting.
February 26. After service Rev. A. H. Groh was
elected pastor. Chas, Brendlinger and Abraham Yerger
were appointed a committee to inform him.
March 10, 1865. The annual election was held.

July 30. Arrangements were made to put a new roof
on a part of the parsonage and to repair that of the church.
September 23. Committees of Boyertown and Swamp
congregation met and determined that these two congrega
tions should form a separate charge, if this action is en
dorsed by a majority of both councils and congregations.
Boyertown is to pay $50 тоге а5 long as the pastor occu
pies the parsonage at Swamp. The election was held
and by a majority of votes the new charge was formed.
Rev. A. H. Groh having died, the congregations now
held another election and called Rev. Leonard Groh,
March 3, 1866.
March 10, 1866. Theusual annual election.
October 20, 1866. It was decided to meet semi-annu
ally instead of quarterly. The council also agreed that the
pastor should publicly advise against feasting at funerals.
It was decided that the pastor should receive $275 an
nually and if a larger amount is collected he should have
the Whole amount.
ll/Íarch 9, 1867. Wardens were again named. After
the election it was resolved, to hold the centennial festival
on the twentyfifth and twenty-sixth of May of the present
year. This was afterwards changed to the eleventh and
twelfth of May.
May 11, 1867. It was agreed that a congregational
meeting be held on Saturday, the eighteenth inst., to decide
whether the interior of the church should be remodelled,
or simply repaired.
It was resolved to remodel if the funds could be raised.
Fredr. Brendlinger, Jacob Knipe and Elias Fagley were
appointed to prepare a draft of the work to be undertaken.
A committee of four was appointed to present an estimate
Church Records. 211
of the probable cost. They reported that it would cost

about $2,700, not counting labor voluntarily rendered and
the cost of the bell.
J'uly 7. It was agreed that another meeting be called
Saturday, July 27, to further consider the matter and de
cide whether they should proceed with the amounts sub
scribed. It was decided to proceed and the same com
mittee, which had presented the estimate, was appointed to
contract for the work if it did not exceed $3,000. The
last entries are those of a meeting of council to nominate
candidates held March 7, 1868, and that of the congrega
tion held March 14, at which the annual election was held
and the annual settlement was made.
Another book carries this record to 1889, when it was
continued in the present record. Further extracts are
deemed unnecessary.
At the time of the remodelling of the church in 1868
the council had purchased a steel alloy bell for $165
under a guaranty. It proved unsatisfactory, and was re
turned and another procured.
At an election held January 1, 1870, it was decided by
a vote of thirty-five to ten that the pastor should continue
to reside at Swamp and should not move to Boyertown.
This action seems to have been disregarded or else re
scinded, for in 1871 we find the pastor living at Boyer
town, which continued to be his place of residence during
the remainder of his pastorate.
September 24, 1870, the church council resolved to call
a congregational meeting to determine whether the par
sonage with the farm, and also a piece of school land,
should be sold. If the congregation so decided, whether
a new house with the necessary outbuildings “should be
erected for the use of the minister.” At that meeting, held
212 The New Hanover Lutheran Chureh.
on October 8, thirty-five voted in favor of selling the par

sonage and eighteen against, twenty-three in favor of sell
ing the school land and twenty-eight against.
At a special meeting of the council on October 10, it
was resolved “ that any member of this congregation who
neglects the Lord’s Supper on two successive occasions
(without a satisfactory cause) shall not be entitled to vote
at any meeting of this congregation.”
On November 5, 1870, the council in special assembly
determined to call another congregational meeting on
November 12, to decide finally the matter of the sale of
the parsonage, and the farm belonging thereto, and
whether new buildings are to be erected.
The vote resulted: thirty-six for selling and seven
against; eighteen for building a new parsonage and twenty
two against. On November 24 the council determined
to advertise the sale for December 17, 1870. This farm
contained twenty-one acres and one hundred and ten
perches and was not to be sold for less than $4,000. The
annual proceeds from this source were to be applied to the
support of the pastor. The congregation realized $4,200
from this sale.
In September, 1872, the congregation by vote decided
to put blinds to the windows of the church. During the
succeeding years various minor repairs were made to the
property.
In 1875 the steeple was repaired and repainted. On
July 25 of this year after divine services the pastor Rev.
L. Groh took “ formal leave of the congregation to visit
Europe.” He returned, and on September 12 received
the congratulations of members and friends.
During this year the congregation decided that sheds
for ten horses and vehicles be erected at the northwest
end of the yard.
Church Records. 213
That the congregation was growing in liberality as well

as in other respects is shown by the fact that on April 16,
1876, at the celebration of the holy communion, there be
ing 288 communicants, $91.83 were contributed for edu
cational and missionary purposes.
On May 14 and 15, 1878, there was a convention of the
Third District Conference of the Evangelical Lutheran
Ministerium of Pennsylvania held in this church, at which
there were twenty-four ministers present.
June 29, 1878, the matter of erecting sheds was again
taken up, and it was now decided to build one for the
pastor and as many more as should be subscribed and paid
for.
In 1881 the church council granted leave of absence to
Rev. L. Groh during the months of September and Oc
tober, to make a missionary tour through the state of
Nebraska. At the call of the council the congregation
met on May 9, 1885, and decided to paint the church, to
fresco the walls and repair the roof of the church as soon
as $500 were secured towards this object.
About this time the organist, Professor Samuel L.
Boyer, resigned after many years of service. At a meet
ing on December 29 Mr. George C. Gulden, of Chester
County, was elected as his successor. At the same time
it was resolved to dispense with the English evening ser
vices and have every third service English at the regular
morning service.
About this time movements were also inaugurated
toward a division of the pastoral charge, which at this
time consisted of this congregation and St. John’s Church,
Boyertown, the latter congregation desiring its own pas
tor. The request that this petition be granted was placed
before the congregation on March 13, 1886, and was
I5
favorably acted upon. The Rev. L. Groh presented his

resignation, to take place at the end of the fiscal year
(April 1). Оп Мау 22 an election was held to lill the
vacancy, which resulted in the election of the present pas
tor, who after his graduation from the Seminary and
ordination by the Synod was installed as pastor on July
11 by Rev. D. K. Kepner, president of the First District
Conference, the Rev. F. F. бензин, D.D., preaching
the installation sermon.
The old God’s Acre surrounding the church being well
nigh filled, an election was held on August 28 of this year
to decide “whether the council shall proceed in laying
out a cemetery.” The action resulted favorably and the
cemetery was opened and laid out in lots. It was formally
opened and consecrated December 12 by the pastor. Rev.
D. K. Kepner, Rev. L. Groh and Rev. О. Р. Smith
preached sermons on the occasion.
As the organist remained but a single year, another
election for this purpose became necessary. On January
29, 1887 an election was held by the congregation and
resulted in the choice of B. R. Lamb, who did not accept
the position, when the congregation elected David Liven
good at its regular meeting on March 12.
Оп March 9, 1889, Мг. Jacob D. Fegley was ap
pointed to procure а seal of the corporation, for the use
of the secretary of the congregation.
In 1890 a jury was appointed by the courts of Mont
gomery County to vacate the road leading from the
Swamp road to the church, and open a new one through
the property of the congregation. On July 5, at a congre
gational meeting called for this purpose, an election was
held to decide Whether the congregation was willing to
abide by the action and recommendation of the jury. The
Church Records. 2I5
election resulted in twenty-three to one in favor of pro

testing against the opening of the proposed road, and if
necessary to institute legal proceedings against the action
of the jury. The road was never opened.
On December 13, at a regular meeting of the church
council, it was decided not to grant the request of Trinity
Lutheran congregation at Bechtelsville, that they be ad
mitted into the pastoral charge, but permission was
granted the pastor to serve them as supply. One year
later this action concerning the relations with the Bechtels
ville congregation was reiterated.
After the regular service on Sunday, May 14, 1893,
Council decided to introduce the full liturgie service ac
cording to the morning service in the church book, to be
used at the English services of the congregation.
In the Spring of 1896 Mr. David Livengood resigned
as organist. At an election held on May 9, Mr. Henry
Schell was elected to fill the position.
On October 19 and 20 of this year the Norristown
Conference of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania held its
meeting here and was entertained by the congregation.
On December 12, 1896, an important action was taken
by the church council, viz., the granting the use of a
parcel of ground to Mr. j. G. Rhoads, for the purpose
of building an open shed, so long as it is used for this
purpose and provided that it does not interfere with the
rights and privileges of the congregation.
At a regular meeting of the church council held on Dec
ember 9, 1899, the matter of holding bicentennial ser
vices of the organization of the congregation was discussed
and the following action taken: “ Resolved, That the his
tory of this congregation shall be written from its organ
ization until its two hundredth anniversary,” and also that
216 The New Hanover Lutheran C hureh.
the pastor be charged with this task. This action was more
far-reaching than its resolution indicates. It implied that
the church records be translated, transcribed and published
in connection with such other matter as may be prepared
and written. The church council at the time this action was
taken, and who are responsible for the same are, besides
the pastor: Deacons-Milton Shaner, David B. Nester,
Irwin Harpel and Harry Knause; Elders-_Solomon Ren
ninger, John Rhoads, G. Washington Drumheller, Jacob
Kase, Elam Ackerman, Samuel Smith; Trustees-Richard
Hollenbush, Henry Swinehart, George B. Erb, A. Fred
Saylor, John Roos, Josiah G. Yerger.
In the spring of 1901 Henry Schell resigned as organist,
and Mrs. May Good was elected by the congregation to
the position. On October 27 and 28, 1903 the bicentennial
of the congregation was celebrated with appropriate ser
vices. An account thereof appears eleswhere.
In January, 1904, Mrs. Good resigned and was suc
ceeded by Mr. Wm. F. Lamb.
On January 30, 1904, at a congregational meeting, an
election was held to decide upon the repairs to the church
which were about to be undertaken. The propositions
presented were: (a) Shall the church be repaired, (b)
shall a heating plant be installed, (c) shall the galleries
be removed and a basement made within the auditorium?
The first two propositions prevailed; the latter was de
feated.
Committees were accordingly appointed to superintend
the work, subscriptions solicited and selections made as to
materials and extent of the work to be done. Mr. Jacob
M. Moyer was elected treasurer of `the repair fund. On
September 10, a motion was adopted to install new pews,
and on the twenty-first a contract was awarded to furnish
Church Records. 217
same at a cost of $725. Arrangements were already

made to secure new pulpit and altar and a new carpet.
An effort was also made to secure new stained glass
windows. This was successful, and memorial windows
were procured from members and friends of the congre
gation at a cost of $1,310. Т11е work was delayed on
account of some objections being made to excavating un
der the floor of the church to install a heating plant, but
by September operations were actively begun and prac
tically completed by the end of the year. The church
was reconsecrated in January, 1905.
During this year a petition was also sent to the council
from the Lutheran congregation at Sassamansville, re
questing to be united with it into a pastoral charge. On
March 20, 1904, action was taken on this request, but
did not result favorably. On June 14 council granted
its pastor permission to resign Huber’s congregation.
In April, 1905, the pastor announced to the church
council that Mr. Andrew Carnegie has promised to pay
half of the cost of a new $1,800 pipe organ for the con
gregation and also that the other half was promised to
the congregation by several members as a gift. On April
8, the congregation by vote accepted the offer and on the
thirtieth of the same month the council ordered its presi
dent and secretary to sign a contract, in behalf of the con
gregation, with Bates and Culley to build the organ.
The instrument was built according to contract and
placed within the church and later consecrated to its
sacred uses.
The present church council is composed of the fol
lowing:
Deaconr-Charles Grubb, William Saylor, Harry Ren
ninger, Clayton Saylor.
Elders-_Joseph Becker, Hezekiah Buchert, Irwin B.

Grubb, Augustus Renninger, Daniel B. Moyer, George
B. Erb.
Trustees-Edward B. Kepler, 101111 Rhoads, Henry
Reinert, David Hunsberger, Josiah G. Yerger, Jacob
Harpel.
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CHAPTER IX.
THE ScHooLMAsTERs AND ORGANIsTs oF THE CHURCH.

THEIR T1MEs or SERVICE, AND A BRIEF SKETCH
or THE SUNDAY ScHooL.
HEN and under what

circumstances the first
school house was erected, and
`~~-«_`4 who was the first school
teacher to be employed by
this congregation will prob`
ably always remain an open
question. The Halle Re
ports tell of the existence of
the school in 1743 and at once
introduces us to John Frederic
Vigera, who had charge of
the school in 1744. But in
giving this sketch of the
schoolmasters and organists employed at various times
during the history of the congregation, we will not cite
in every instance the specific authorities, whether the
Halle Reports, the record of the church, or other sources.
219
This man Vigera is the first of the New Hanover school

masters brought to our notice. He had lived among the
Salzburgers at Ebenezer, Georgia. He had come to that
place in 1741 as a merchant, and whilst still a single
man. He had the oversight of the orphans there. He
came to Pennsylvania in 1743. He seems to have had
charge of the school at New Hanover during 1744. From
him it passed into the hands of J. Nicholas Kurtz, who re
mained in charge from the spring of 1745 to December,
1746. He was succeeded by J. Albert Weygandt.
Vigera probably went from here to the Trappe and
then took charge of the school at Lancaster in 1748.
April 19, 1749, he married Anna Stephens, also known
by the name of Stephenson, a woman of Quaker descent,
at the house of Rev. H. M. Mühlenberg at New Provi
dence. In 1750 he was employed as schoolmaster at
Philadelphia. In 1752 he gave up that position and was
succeeded by Rev. Heintzelman as teacher and organist.
He seems to have been very successful as a teacher.
There may have been, and probably were, others be
fore his time. All the indications are that there was
a school connected with the congregation from its very
beginning. It is to be regretted that H. M. Mühlen
berg and his colaborers so seldom dropped hints in re
gard to the activities and labors of churches and schools
existing before their time, except in those cases in which
they were brought into conflict with them, while those
who were acting independently did not seem to want any
one to know what they were doing. The consequence
is that the events which occurred before Mühlenberg’s
time and the occurrences outside his influence, among those
who did not join in with him, have almost entirely passed
out of view. As already stated Vigera was succeeded by
Schoolmasters and Organists of the Church. 221
J. N. Kurtz, afterwards ordained to the ministry and sta

tioned at Tulpehocken, York, etc.
He was succeeded by J. Albert Weygandt, already men
tioned, by Wm. Kurtz and others, whose names have
long since been forgotten. Some of them perchance may
again be brought to notice, but probably the larger number
have forever passed from men’s recollection.
Another fact must not be overlooked, viz., that in those
early years, nearly all the assistants, and the regular pas
tors even, up to the time of the sons of Muhlenberg, and
possibly even after that, taught the school a part of the
time. In fact, much of the proficiency of many of the pas
tors of that day arose from the fact that they were
thoroughly trained as teachers. They knew how to teach,
and their teaching bore rich fruit.
Another whose name has been handed down and who
was held in high esteem was John Jacob Loeser. Не was
employed here in 1748, and probably even earlier.
Muhlenberg speaks very highly of him. He appears to
have been an immediate successor of J. N. Kurtz, and
was employed here before Kurtz left. However,
he always remained a teacher. He never entered the
ministry. He not only taught the ordinary branches, but
also acted as catechist. It is said of him that he could
commit to memory an entire sermon in two days.
So far we have found no distinct data showing who were
his immediate successors, except the ministers and helpers
already mentioned. Being cotemporaneous with Kurtz,
he and Kurtz were married about the same time. Loeser
was married to Mary Eble, November 18, 1747, and
Kurtz in December of the same year, to Elizabeth Seidel.
October 22, 1748, Loeser appeared at Lancaster as a
candidate for the oflìce of teacher and cantor. Accord
ing to the testimony of Handschuh’s diary he was set to

work to show his fitness as a teacher. Не seems to have
spent the remainder of his days at Lancaster. We are
told that he died there in 1793, aged sixty-nine years, six
months and three days, after having spent forty-four years
as a schoolmaster.
According to a statement of Dr. Ochsenford, Michael
Walther was the schoolmaster in 1750 and 1751. Little
is known of the man except the mere fact that Mühlen~
berg states, without giving a speciñc reason, that he could
not be sent out to preach, or to read sermons.
Who his immediate successor was we have not been
able to learn positively. Apparently it was Lucas Rauss.
lf so, he remained but a short time. Rauss apparently
occupied the position during the latter part of 1749 and
the beginning of 1750, but who had charge of the school
from the time of his departure to Albany to the time of
his return, about 1752 ог 1753, we have not been able
to ascertain. There is a possibility that I. Albert Wey
gant assisted him a part of the time, or was substituted for
him. Rauss seems to have had charge 0f the school a
part of the time after his return until his final location at
York. Perhaps there had been some one to aid him in
the work, as he actually ofliciated as pastor of the churches
at Oley Hill, Pikeland and Tohickon during these latter
years.
Undoubtedly William Kurtz was the schoolmaster, as
well as the pastor’s assistant and substitute from 1757 or
1758 to 1760.
Whether Rev. Van Buskirk, Rev. Ludwig Voigt and
the sons of Mühlenberg, during the time they olliciated
as the assistants of Mühlenberg, ever filled the oHice of
schoolmaster, cannot be said, but it seems probable that
Sclzoolmasters and Очами: of the Church. 223
they did. That would ñll up the time until about the
time when Mr. Schaffner had charge of the school, in
1774. Unfortunately the older minutes throw no light
on the subject. This unfortunately leaves a gap of about
twenty years unaccounted for.
The later minutes beginning March, 1795, furnish
some good clues as to the teachers employed between
that time and 1867. These records show that January
17, 1798, Daniel Schaeffer was elected as school teacher
for one year. Apparently he is the same man who sub
sequently entered the Lutheran ministry and for several
years acted as pastor of Zion, Perry Township, St.
Paul’s, Windsor, and probably several other congrega
tions in the vicinity of Hamburg, Berks County.
December 9, of the same year, there was a public exam
ination of three candidates, Daniel Schaeffer, Adam Fil
bert and Samuel Schoch. At the election held four days
later, December 13, Samuel Schoch was elected by fifty
four votes against thirty cast for the other two men. Mr.
Schoch certainly retained charge of the school until 1804,
and possibly at least a part of the time for nearly seven
years more, for it does not appear that the name of Mr.
Schmidt is recorded as teacher until 181 1, when a resolu
tion was adopted to the effect “ that if our Schoolmaster,
Mr. Schmidt, because of his sickliness and other causes
could not perform his duty, the congregation would be
satisfied if Mr. Schurig his son-in-law took charge of it.”
In 1813 notice is taken of the fact that the position
had become vacant, and a committee was appointed to
vSecure a tenant for the school farm, with the proviso,
however, that if the congregation should employ а new
schoolmaster, the use of it should revert to the congrega
tion.
Mr. Kraut, of Lancaster, and Mr. Berndt, of Goshen

hoppen, Reformed, were to be notified that the congrega
tion needed a schoolmaster. The minutes of the council,
March 12, 1814, show by the statement that he com
plained because of a lack of support, that the school
master then was George Miller, and the congregation
obligated itself to furnish a stipulated number of pupils,
or pay for them.
No record of the appointment of Mr. Jaeger as school
master has been found, but the fact that August 22, 1824,
the council decided to announce that September fourth
the congregation should hold an election to decide whether
he should be reappointed shows that he was so employed.
The election decided that he should continue to be the
teacher. December 7, 1828, Peter Jaeger tendered to
the church council his resignation. At a meeting of the
council on Friday, December 12, it was determined to
advertise in the Reading Adler and in the German Sum
neytown paper for a teacher who could write and read
both English and German well, who was able to play the
organ and could present good testimonials as to character,
for the Lutheran congregation at New Hanover,
An election for a new pastor and for a schoolmaster
was held February 24, 1829, and Theodore Storb was
elected to the latter position, while Rev. Conrad Miller
became the successor of his brother, Rev. Jacob Miller.
In 1830 it would seem that there had been complaints
about the schoolmaster. The council therefore decided
that those complaining should bring their accusations be
fore the council and attempt to establish them by sufficient
testimony. If any one failed in this he was to be dealt
with strenuously.
In 1843 a change was made in the agreement with the
Schoolmasters and Organist; of the Church. 225
schoolmaster, Theodore Storb. Still another change was

made in 1846. Although a petition had been handed in,
August 1, requesting a general election, on the twenty
fifth of the same month, 1849, the council resolved to re
new {Не contract.
On the seventeenth of December, 1853, Samuel Boyer
was elected organist of the congregation. This then
ended the career of Theodore Storb as schoolmaster and
organist, after he had filled the position between twenty
four and twenty-five years; it also ended the parochial,
or congregational school.
The Sunday-school at present connected with the con
gregation is of quite recent origin.
This congregation, like a great many others, had to
learn from its experience with a union Sunday-school of how
little value such institutions are to a Christian congrega
tion. As that is a thing of the past, and one not to be
regretted, it will be needless to enter into a lengthy and
detailed account thereof.
lt will therefore be sufficient to record the fact that
in 1853 a union Sunday-school was organized, and a con
stitution was adopted.
The school was open only from April until the latter
part of October, about six months. There is no hint as
to the books used or as to the method of teaching. May
4, 1860, a meeting was held at the public school house
to reorganize. Now a monitor was added and the trus
tees were reduced from ten to five. As another meeting
was held in a public school house in 1861, it would seem
as if they did not wish to have, or to recognize, any con
nection with the church. But at this point the record
ceases. Did the school cease too? It might seem so. It
is also known that it was not in high favor with the Re

formed congregation.
After that time, when Rev. Wendt was the pastor, it
would seem to have found its way into the church. After
his time, under Rev. Leonard Groh the Sunday-school
again found its way back to the public school house and
remained there about twenty years longer.
‘ Since that time each congregation has had its own Sun
day-school. “ On Palm Sunday, 1887, Rev. L. J. Mayer,
pastor of the Reformed congregation, announced that all
those who wished to attend a Reformed Sunday-school
should assemble at the Reformed school house at the
church at 2 P. M. on Easter.” On Good Friday the
Lutheran pastor, invited all who desired to attend a
Lutheran Sunday-school to meet in the school room of the
Lutheran Church on Easter. Now for more than twenty
two years each congregation has had its own Sunday
school. Many of the teachers and officers have faithfully
labored ever since to improve the Christian instruction of
the young.
CHAPTER X.
MEETINGS or THE SYNoD HELD 1N THIS CHURCH.
'GRADITION tells us, that

at first there was an agree
ment that the Synod should meet
alternately at Philadelphia and
Lancaster, as the two congrega
tions were considered of equal
importance. While it is possible
that there may have been such a
tacit understanding, it is very
doubtful whether any positive
action to that effect was ever
taken.
On the other hand, it is very
evident that before long the synod met in some of the
other united congregations.
At New Hanover the first meeting of the synod was
held June 16-18, 1754. This was the seventh conven
tion, only six years after its organization. At this time,
in addition to the Swedish Provost Acrelius and Pastor
Unander, there were thirteen pastors and delegates from
227
Pennsylvania, Maryland, New York and New Jersey, in

attendance. Whether Rev. Gerock, of Lancaster, who
was invited to be present at this meeting, is included in
this number, is not quite certain. But as it is also stated
that there were fourteen High German ministers there,
and as Rev. Schertlein was likewise there, it would seem
as if Gerock were counted with the ministers.
This convention deliberated concerning the “internal
and external condition of the congregations,” as well as
the hindrances in the way of a successful prosecution of
their work. There was also an account presented before
the body concerning a certain M. Engelland, who tried
to secure congregations among them, but there was no
action taken in the matter.
The second synodical meeting at New Hanover was
held November 6 and 7, 1768, in connection with the
dedication of the present church edifice.
It may be of interest to note here that the first con
vention of the synod, held west of the Susquehanna, met at
York in 1776, the year immediately preceding the third
meeting at New Hanover, and that Rev. Goering, who
figured so largely in the history of the church of that sec
tion, was ordained there.
The synod met at New Hanover for the third time,
May 25, 1777. At this convention only nine ministers
were present, viz., Revs. Schmidt, Kunze, Fr. Müh
lenberg, Henry Muhlenberg, Goering, Lehman,
Mueller, Schroeter and H. M. Muhlenberg, besides the
president, Rev. N. Kurtz, who was so sick that he could
not attend the sessions and could take no part in the ser
vices. He was however reëlected president. The next
meeting was appointed for the first Sunday after Trinity,
1778, at New Hanover.
Meetings of Synod Held in this Church. 229
The synod however did not meet at the time appointed,

but met about four months later, October 4-6 of the same
year. Probably this place was selected again because the
British were in full possession of Philadelphia at that
time. Nineteen ministers, including three candidates for
ordination, were in attendance. One of the latter, a Mr.
Frantz, appears to have dropped out of sight altogether.
The other two, Lehman and Schroeter, were duly or
dained. ln the afternoon of the second day, we are told,
“ they had some trouble with a man from Gernsheim,
who had set up as a preacher.” Could this possibly
have been Adolph von Gerresheim, who figured in the
churches of the Lykens and Pine Valleys, in the vicinity
of Gratztown about that time? It is not known now
who the man really was. Another matter which has
often perplexed those looking up historical facts is clearly
solved here. For we are told, “ afterwards, they com
pleted the ministerial constitution,” showing that the
first constitution of the ministerium, contained in the
protocol, beginning 1781, was finally adopted in 1778
at New Hanover. This congregation therefore enjoys
the distinction of having witnessed the adoption of the
first ministerial (or synodical) constitution, adopted by
the Lutheran Church in America-certainly a consider
able distinction for a small country congregation. For
not only was this the first German Lutheran congregation
in America, but in its final and definite form its constitu
tion was given here to the first Lutheran Synod in
America, which was VCI'Y аРРГОРГЁЕ‘ШЗ/ Called “ The
Evangelical Lutheran Ministerium of North America.”
June 19-22, 1791, the synod again met “ in New Han.
over Township, Montgomery Co.” This time nineteen
16
230 The New Hanover Lutheran Стр-ай.
ministers were in attendance. Among them we find Rev.

Krug, Frederic, Md.; Schroeter, Hanover, York Co.;
Пиве, Shippensburg, and Zimmerman (Carpenter), from
far-oli Virginia. Rev. Weinland was the resident pastor.
One of the transactions worthy of notice at this convention
was the granting to Michael Billmyer, of Germantown,
the right to publish the new hymn-book, a contract for
which was drawn up and signed by all the members of
the ministerium present.
At this meeting Rev. Caspar Dill received his first
license. Rev. Lütge’s license was renewed and one was
granted to a Mr. Wickerman, who however seems to have
been hereafter dropped from the roll. There was like
wise the usual distribution of the proceeds of the Roedel
sheim legacy.
The Philadelphia pastors were appointed a committee
to have a seal for the ministerium prepared. The cost
was to be met from the proceeds of the Roedelsheim
legacy. Mt. Joy (now Elizabethtown) and White Oak
desired a Mr. Bentz to be licensed. Instead of being
licensed he was placed under the supervision of Rev.
Muhlenberg, Lancaster, for further preparation. At
this meeting Christian Espy, or Espig, also made applica
tion for a license. He was placed under the supervision
of Revs. ÑVeinland and Roeller. There were two other
applicants-_a Mr. Ahl, whom the ministerium rejected
absolutely, and a Mr. Stock, whom they advised to keep
on teaching some time longer. The licensed candidates,
~lung and Zimmerman (Carpenter), were ordained at this
meeting.
At this convention St. Michael’s and Zion’s of Phila
delphia, memorialized the synod, asking that the lay dele
gates be “ accorded a seat and vote in every meeting of the
Meetings of Synod Held in this Church. 231
ministerium.” Synod decided to grant this right. Revs.

Helmuth and Kunze were appointed a committee to pre
pare a plan for carrying out the measure and to report
any needed amendments to the constitution, to put the
proposed changes into effect. It might be justly claimed
that this was one of the most important of the con
ventions held during the entire history of the synod, for
it changed the whole form and constitution of the body to
a free representative body of the entire church, instead
~ of one composed of ministers only. Since then synod met
at other places and has grown so large that it can no
longer be entertained in a small place or in a small church.
CHAPTER XI.
SPECIAL EVENTS. DEDICATIONS AND ANNIVERSARIES.
тот a great deal can

be said concerning
church dedications in the
early days of the church in
this country. History is
largely silent on this point.
The fact that now houses of
worship are invariably con
secrated when completed and
ready for occupancy, does
not prove that this was the
case, Without exception, in
the days of our forefathers.
It has however given rise to
many traditions concerning such services said to have been
conducted, which have no place in fact, yet have figured
largely in history.
It must always remain a matter of deep regret that no
record of the erection of the first log church has been pre
served, nor yet of the pious and self-denying men who
232
Special E'vents: Dedications and /lnnifuer5arie5. 233
united with the Falckners, Henkel, Sandel, Rudman and

others in the organizing of this congregation for the
worship of Almighty God in the bleak and howling wild
erness. Far different our historic basis would be if two
centuries and more could be laid open to view, and the
facts scanned as they then existed in the life of the congre
gation. The cornerstone laying and dedication services,
if there were any such, of this first church must be passed
by in silence without a word of comment.
It is equally to be regretted that the affairs concerning
the erection and consecration of the second church building
share an equal fate, and that there is not even a fair ac
count extant of the erection and dedication of the third
church building. It is true a little more is known of that,
but it is only a little more. The facts and dates of erec
tion of these two buildings and the length of time they
were used for public services are known, but whether they
were ever consecrated, or when, is not known.
Whilst it may be true that a knowledge of these things
is not of much practical value, it would certainly be a mat
ter of great satisfaction to know who the men and women
were who figured so prominently in these missionary ef
forts. lf we could look back and recall the names of
these ancestors, we could in imagination see them enter the
portals of their newly erected temple, singing praises to
God and proclaiming their undying attachment to the faith
of the church, long before they were a free and an inde
pendent people.
But we do not know their names, at least not of the
larger number of them, so we can only know them by their
works and their faith, and thank God that, although their
names are unknown to us, He knows them and raised up
witnesses for Himself in this western world, of whom their
children may well be proud; the fruits of whose labors

we are now enjoying. May their children prove worthy
of the heritage left to them, and may these transmit the
same as a rich legacy to their children, and their children’s
children!
lt must be remembered that the history of this church
is not entirely exceptional in this respect. Possibly they
had no cornerstone laying, and no dedication services for
the first three churches. This would not be strange, for
it repeatedly happened during the early days of some of
the churches in this country that no cornerstones were
laid and that there was no subsequent dedication of
the building. What the real cause was of this state of
things is difficult to determine. lt may be that the scar
city of ministers to perform these functions had something
to do with it, or it may have been indifference; or the
desire to occupy the building, rather than consecration
services, was uppermost in the minds of these early
pioneers. Whatever the cause the fact remains, that
numerous churches erected between 1775 and 1850, and
possibly some of earlier date, were simply erected, then
occupied and used by the congregations without further
ceremony.
The erection of the present church building during the
pastorate of Rev. Ludwig Voigt has a different story to
relate. There had been a cornerstone laying in 1767, and
the building, when completed, was formally consecrated
in November, 1768, to the service of the Triune God, by
the “ Evangelical Lutheran Ministerium of North Amer
ica ” called in special session for that purpose. The his
tory of these services has already been given and need not
be repeated in this connection.
In the year 1801 a new pipe organ was introduced and
Брест] Events: Dedications and Anniversaries. 235
probably also consecrated. The agreement made in 1800

between the congregation and Christian Dieffenbach, or
gan-builder, expressly states that the first half of the
payment for the organ shall be made when the organ is
dedicated. There is however no record at hand of the
date of dedication or of the services which may have been
conducted.
When the congregation took up the brick floor and sub
stituted a wooden one, and renovated the entire church
building in 1826, that would apparently have been a fav
orable opportunity for the celebration of the one hundred
and twenty-fifth anniversary of the congregation, as well
as the sixtieth anniversary of the erection of the present
church, but there is no account of any special services
either of commemoration or of consecration.
In 1867 the congregation determined again to repair
and renovate the church; this probably came as a thank
offering unto the Lord in that he allowed the congrega
tion to celebrate the one hundredth anniversary of the
laying of the cornerstone. That they intended the work
of renovation to be thorough is shown by the fact that
they resolved to put in new pews, windows, pulpit, doors,
etc., at a cost of $3,000, besides labor voluntarily'rend
ered. Before this renovation took place the congrega
tioncelebrated its centennial, which took place on May
11 and 12, 1867. Rev. B. УЧ. Schmauk, of Lebanon,
preached the centennial sermon. Rev. B. Rath, of
Bethlehem, and Rev. Laitzle, of Pottstown, also preached
sermons on that occasion, while Rev. George F. Miller, of
Pottstown, and Rev. L. Mayer, pastor of the local Re
formed church, assisted the pastor, Rev. L. Groh, in these
services. The services no doubt left a lasting impression
upon the minds and hearts of the members of the congre
gation, since during the Summer succeeding these centennial

services, they were busy making preparation and gathering
funds for the work about to be undertaken. So success
ful were they that by October they were ready to proceed
with this work, but the pastor, Rev. L. Groh, makes the
statement: “ as the present edifice was erected in the fifth
jubilee of the Reformation, 1767, the seventh Jubilee
(1867) naturally coincided with its centennial.” So this
anniversary of the seventh Jubilee of the Reformation was
likewise to be celebrated in the church prior to its renova
tion; this took place on October 26 and 27, 1867. Those
who took part in these services, besides the pastor, were
Rev. John Kohler, Rev. Laitzle and Rev. Fleckenstine.
These two events celebrated in the same year seem to have
been the most impressive of this character ever celebrated
in the congregation, and mark the beginning of a new era
of anniversary services. Besides money being contributed
for church repairs, a liberal jubilee fund was gathered
among the members for Muhlenberg College, at Allen
town.
Less than a month had passed by and the work of reno
vation has been enthusiastically begun. Everything seems
to have been taken out of the building, the walls, floor,
ceiling and roof alone having been spared. All the doors
but one were walled up, the galleries changed, the organ
and pulpit found new places in the church, the Steeple
was erected upon the building and a new bell provided
for it. Exactly one year, from November 25, 1867 to
November 20, 1868, was consumed in the performance
of the task set before the congregation. The anniversaries
the year preceding left impressions, and set the pace for
future actions, so nothing short of re-dedication services
could now satisfy the congregation. Accordingly, such
Special Events.' Dedications and Anniversaries. 237
services were conducted on November 21 and 22, 1868.

The venerable Rev. Prof. C. F. Schaeffer, D.D., pro
fessor in the Theological Seminary in Philadelphia,
preached the dedicatory sermon. The pastor was also
assisted by the neighboring pastors, Rev. W. B. Fox, Rev.
John Kohler and Rev. W. G. Laitzle. The services were
contributive of a great deal of good, and left the congrega
tion ever ready to keep the venerable building in the best
possible condition.
ln the year 1885, at the close of the same pastorate the
church was again repaired, but in a moderate way. The
roof was re-covered with slate, the walls frescoed, the
woodwork painted, and other necessary repairs made.
At the re-opening services on September 20, 188 5, the
Rev. Prof. \V. Mann, D.D., LL.D., professor of the
Theological Seminary at Mt. Airy, Philadelphia, preached
a German sermon at the morning service. Rev. B. M.
Schmucker, D.D., and Rev. D. K. Kepner, of Pottstown,
spoke during the after'nb-op-ahdmTSinith, of
Trappe, preached in the evening. These services were
enriched by special music under the auspices of Prof.
Young from the Kutztown Normal School, accompanied
by a male quartette.
Perhaps the most important of all the anniversaries is
“The Bi-centennial of the Lutheran Congregation in New
Hanover,” observed on the twenty-eighth and twenty
ninth of November, 1903. This was the first bicentennial
of any German Evangelical Lutheran congregation cele
brated in this country-the first one of the kind in North
America. The details of the program will not be re
produced here. One feature however deserves notice
the majority of those taking part in the services were sons
of the congregation itself, or of its immediate neighbors
bearing the names of men prominent in the congrega

tion, Kurtz, Fegley, Bertolet, Fox, etc. The president
of the ministerium, Rev. F. F. Schantz, preached the
first sermon. His position naturally implied that his
sermon should be historic, and presented this congregation
in its relation to the synod, In the evening of the same day
the speakers were Rev. U. S. G. Bertolet, of Philadel
phia, and Rev. I. B. Kurtz, of Pottstown. On the fol
lowing day Rev. Prof. G. F. Spieker, D.D., professor in
the Theological Seminary at Mt. Airy, preached in Ger
man at the morning service. In the afternoon the Rev.
O. P. Smith, D.D., Rev. W. B. Fox and Julius F. Sachse,
Litt.D., of Philadelphia, made appropriate and interest
ing addresses. The evening services, at which Rev. Prof.
H. N. Fegley, D.D., and Rev. W. О. Fegley spoke,
closed the celebration. »
These various sermons and addresses were interspersed
with hymns and anthems by the choir and congregation,
thereby making the celebration services pleasant, attractive
and profitable.
It is to be hoped that, as a result of this celebration, the
congregation will feel renewed attachment to its confes
sions, a stronger impulse to activity and earnestness in the
work of the church, and a greater zeal in the upbuilding of
the Kingdom of the Lord among themselves and among
others, so that present and future members may continue
faithful, that heaven may crown every effort to Christian
ize the world. At the celebration of this anniversary the
thought was expressed that as the congregation occupied
such a unique position, and possessed such a precious herit
age, it behooved its members to cherish the treasure they
possessed, and that the least they could do in an external
manner was to keep the church property in excellent repair,
Special Events: Dedications and Anniversaries. 239
so that they show by their works that they are at least

interested in that which they possessed, having received it
by the grace of God as an inheritance from their ancestors.
Scarce had the echoes of the words subsided when another
renovation, more elaborate and extravagant than any be
fore undertaken, was under way. During the year 1904
everything within the walls of the church was again re
moved, a cellar dug under the floor, a heating plant in
stalled, new memorial windows placed in the church, new
pews, a new floor, new pulpit and altar furniture, etc., at
the cost of nearly $6,000, which was readily and promptly
contributed by the members and friends of the congrega
tion. In January, 1905, a reconsecration service was held.
These services following so closely the bicentennial cele
bration were not as elaborate as circumstances would war
rant, yet there was an all-day service. Rev. O. P. Smith,
D.D., preached the principal sermon in German at the
morning service. Rev. L. Bickel, Rev. Charles Dapp,
Rev. A. M. Weber and Rev. I. B. Kurtz assisted in these
services, and preached sermons or else brought the con
gratulations from their respective congregations.
When these services were ended the feeling was ex
pressed that now everything was in such shape that prob
ably during the lifetime of the present generation no fur
ther change or improvement need be made. Nevertheless
there remained in the gallery an organ that had now seen
service during one hundred and four years, so within the
space of three short months kind donors offered to present
a new pipe organ to the congregation. After the congre
gation agreed to relinguish the old organ for a new one,
a contract was made with Bates and Culley, of Philadel
phia, to build an organ, using some of the material in their
present instrument, of such a value as the contributions
might justify. By the end of July the congregation re
joiced in an instrument substantially built, valued at $2,
450. This organ is so thoroughly complete that when it
was in position it had no peer in the surrounding commu
nity and is entirely satisfactory. The congregation owes
its sincere thanks to those who have so liberally contributed
towards this worthy object. rfhis fact calls forth the last
service of this character.
On August 6, 1905, dedication services were conducted,
consecrating the organ for sacred purposes. Rev. ]. Н.
Umbenhen, Ph.D., of Pottsville, preached a German ser
mon at the morning service. Rev. Geo. W. Genszler
preached during the afternoon services. This was fol
lowed by addresses of visiting clergymen, while Rev, N.
F. Schmidt, of Schwenksville, preached the closing sermon
in the evening. The weather was unpropitious, yet the
spirits ran high and brought fair audiences during the
entire day. Besides the anthems and hymns rendered dur
ing the day, under the direction of Mr. William F. Lam-b,
organist and chorister of the congregation, a number of
selections and organ voluntaries were excellently rendered
by Mr. Roy Bush, of Royersford, and Mr. Rooke Loomis,
of Nantmeal Village, the latter being totally blind, yet a
musician of no mean ability.
This completes the history of these interesting services
in the sincere hope that the same may call forth reconse
cration of heart and life to greater devotion, and praises
to God for his infinite goodness to his people.
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CHAPTER XII.
HISTORICAL EVENTS.
1. TRIALS AND STRUGGLI-:s or тнв CoNGREGATIoN.
“ВИСИ might be written

about the early strug
gles of this congregation, as
well as concerning those of
many other churches of the
provincial period. It might
however be truthfully said,
that, perhaps as far as the
mere struggle for existence
was concerned, the people of
this community were not re
quired to deny themselves to
the same extent as some
others, nor yet in the same
manner, e. g., the people ofthe Schoharie Hills, in Heidel
berg and Lynn Townships, in Lehigh County and Albany,
Berks County. There, besides being harassed by the ln
241
dians, some dug caves to afford them temporary shelter

or homes, and others occupied their large wagons as sleep
ing rooms and parlors, and used the protecting branches .
of some large oak or chestnut tree as the roof of their
dining room and kitchen. Some Of our day, no doubt,
think that experiences of that kind are peculiar to the
far-distant West. Possibly this may have been so in
recent years. But in those earlier days they also occurred
here in the East. That these conditions were existing is
shown by the following petitions for protection.
PETITIONS or CITIZENS TO GOVERNOR PATRICK GORDON

FOR PROTECTION AGAINST THE INvAsION
OF THE INDIANS.
Two interesting documents, which will be reproduced,
in this connection, have been furnished through the kind
ness of Dr. Julius F. Sachse, throw light upon several
matters of importance.
The information derived from these proved that the in
habitants in this community were already numerous prior
to the year 1720, the date of one of these petitions. This
one contains the signatures of seventy-seven persons, most
of them, perhaps all, land holders and heads of families,
with wives and children. It also shows the condition and
fear of the inhabitants, at the time, also that the attacks
of the Indians were frequent and hostile, and that pro
vincial protection was necessary in order to live in safety
and in peace.
These petitions to the Governor also show that these
people were no squatters because they speak of their plan
tations as being their own; nor were they simply occupying
these places temporarily, since some of the signatures of
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Historical Events. 243
these people appear on both petitions, the one being dated

eight years later than the other. The latter petition
contains the names of seventy-four persons. lt were in
teresting to give the names of all these signers, but as some
of them are illegible this cannot be done, except by photo
graph; some of them however will appear in connection
with the petitions.
Perhaps the greatest interest gathers around the names
of persons who have become prominent in church and
state, or the names of such whose descendants still live in
this community. Many of these names appear upon the
Records of the congregation.
These petitions plainly indicate that these people stood
together for mutual protection, and were deeply interested
in the safety and welfare of their own familjtîs, adnthecqb
community in general. Also that Rev. Gerdes-sd.A enckel(l7 Си!‘
resided in this community in 1728, and was probably the

pastor of this congregation up to this time, or even later.
The writing of these petitions appears without any
punctuation marks whatever, and will be so given, the
capital letters are used indiscriminately, giving the manu
script an odd appearance. The first petition is as follows:
To his Excellency Patrick Gordon Esqr Governor Gcnerall ln
chie(f) Over the Province of pensilvania And the Territoris
Belonging Benbrenors township and the Adjacences Belonging
May ye lofh 1720
We think It fit to Address your Excellency for Relief for your
Excellency must know That we have Sufered and ls Like to
Sufer By the lngians they have fell upon ye Back lnhabitors about
falkners Swamp & New Coshahopin Therefore We the humble
Petitioners With our poor iVives And Children Do humbly Beg
of your Excellency To Take It into Consideration And Relieve
us the Petitioners hereof Whos Lives Lie at Stake With us and
244 The New Напой?” Lutheran Church.
our poor Wives & Children that ls more to us than Life There
fore We the humble Petitioners hereof Do Desire An Answer
from your Excellency By ye Bearor With Speed So no More
at present from your poor Afllicted People Whose names are here
Subscribed
John Roberts David young
. Jn Pawling Garret Clemens
. Henry Pannebecker Johannes Reichardt
Wm Lane Mathias Jnson
John Jacobs Peter Johnson
Isaac Dubois Yost hut
Israe'll Morris Christian Alibock
Benjamen Fry hans Rife
Jacob op den graef Daniel Stowfard
Dirtman Kolb Abraham Schwartz.
lNIarti Kolb Johann Vallentin Kratz.
Gabriel Showle John Johnson
Anthony halmon Colly hafilfinger
John Isaac Klein Nickolas huldiman
Hans Detweiler Michal Sígler
Christian Weber Christian Stoner
Gerhard sheñe Johannes Garber
Lorentz Bingamon John huldiman
Richard Jacob Claus Johnson
Hermanes Küsters Nicholas hicks
Peter Bun Johannes Lisher
Jacob Engners Jacob Shimar
Jacob Kolb Michall Cross
bons Wolly Bargy Peter Кис
~John lVIior George Rife
Henrich Kolb George Mire
John fret Pastwin Smith
Paul fret. Jacob Stoferd
Wm Smith Henry Stoferd
Peter Rambo Paul fret. Junior.
The second petition, written nearly eight years later,
is somewhat better written, having some regard for punc
tuation, etc., but names of the signers are far less legible
than those of the former. The petition reads as follows:
To the Honorable Patrik Gordon Esqr. Governor of the Pro
vince of Pensilvania &c:
This Petition of the Frontier Inhabitants of ye County of
Philadelphia humbly Sheweth
Whereas Your Petitioners are at Present So Alarmed by a
Nois of ye Indian That Several Families have Lost their Planta
tions with what Effects they Could Possibly Carry away Women
In Child bed being forced To Expose themselves To Coldness
of ye Air and hereby Their Lives are In Danger
We Your Petitioners therefore humbly Pray That Your Hon.
would Be Pleased To Take or Use Such Measures with ye
Indians That Your Petitioners may be Freed From Those
Alarms. for Yet we are Informed That That The Indians are
Consulting Measures Against us. We hope Your Hon. will Com
ply With our Humble Request To prevent as well our Fears
as Danger. And Your Petitioners as in Duty Bound Shall Ever
pray &ca. Ap. ye 29-1728.
Jacob Peterson. Adam Schlonecker ,
William “Тощие Daniel Schöner
Joseph Bewlls Fridrich Reichardt
Jonathan тощие lMichal Schenck
John Kendall Valentin Geiger
Jonathan Brooke Christian Aigs
Elliot Evans Conrad Shreiber
Anthony Henkel John БЫК
John Renberg John Reichelsdörfer
Christoph Wittman ll'lichael Schmidt
John Böhner Johannes Schneider
Martin Zentler Wendel F ry
Matthias Otto Georg Hollenbach
Gerhardt Henckell lVIiles Ringer
I7
Peter Peterson Jacob Colter

Adam Ох. lohn Aister
Christian Manschmid Richard ~Iacob
Martin Bitting Isaac Dubois
Georg Geiger thomas hauer
Bastean Reiffschneider N ichlos hicks
Johannes Eschbach ]п° Pawling
Fridrich Antés Samuel Adams.
Henrich Antés. John David
Hendrich Pielers Ìohn Phillips
Cassimer Schreiber Ed. Nicholas.
Henrich H. Bitting
It is probable however that they did not share in some of

the self denials of those of a generation or two later,
when not only the men walked miles and miles to reach
the church, but the women and children did the same.
When within sight of the church in summer time, the
latter would take the shoes which they carried, put them
on before entering the church and wear them during the
service. After the service, when a short distance away
from the church, they would take them off again and return
barefooted to their homes. Ordinarily, during summer
time the men wore no shoes at all. Shoes were too much
of a luxury to be worn on such occasions as long as the
weather was mild.
Many also had great distances to travel to reach the
church, although we are disposed to doubt some of the
accounts of men who set out before midnight on Satur
day to attend preaching at Philadelphia, and returned--all
afoot-_before Monday morning. Why should people
have deemed it necessary to pass a number of churches on
the way simply that they might attend divine service in
Philadelphia i’
During the pastorate of Rev. J. N. Kurtz some of the

worshipers at Tulpehocken came from Lykens Valley,
not less than forty to fifty miles distant. In fact the boun
daries of that congregation were supposed to extend to the
settlements along Penn's Creek and the Middle Creek,
now parts of Snyder and Union Counties. When Rev.
F. A. C. Mühlenberg visited them, he went to them as
scattered members of the home flock at Tulpehocken and
administered the Lord’s Supper to them near Selins Grove.
In some respects this congregation, perhaps, was annoyed
more than others. They were just upon the outskirts of
the social center, the city of Philadelphia. It is nat
ural that much of its moral débris should float hither.
The congregation therefore furnished an excellent field for
itinerant preachers. Of these it had its full share. Men
coming from the Fatherland arriving at Philadelphia
were usually sent to New Hanover as teachers and
catechists, or assistant preachers in the united congrega
tions, until their characters were proved or fitness for the
work established and then were sent to other places; while
others proved unworthy and soon dropped out of the
notice of the church.
We can also well imagine how a few pious Germans,
scattered in a strange and howling wilderness, true and
loyal to the confessions taught them in the Fatherland,
without pastors and teachers, were earnestly longing for
the ministrations of the Word and Sacraments. After
these wants were partially supplied by the faithful Falck
ner brothers, their longings for the services of other faith
ful men were no doubt ardent, and when they had to
be satisfied with men of other nationalities and lan
guages, or else with unprincipled men, or men unworthy
to serve in the sacred office, as the case has frequently
been, their trials and disappointments have been severe.

It is no wonder therefore that, after more than a Score
of years had passed by since the Falckners left them, these
Germans appealed to the Fatherland and earnestly pled
for faithful pastors to serve them in spiritual things.
But their struggles were not at an end when their ap
peals were heeded and godly men were sent to these west
ern shores. Muhlenberg and others are almost extrava
gant in describing the destitution of these poor Germans.
Not only was there a lack of витает means properly to
provide for their temporal necessities, but ignorance also
reigned, and their destitute circumstances prevented them
from securing a sufi'icient number of churches and school
houses and to man them properly with worthy teachers
and preachers. Almost anything and everybody had to
be pressed into service to relieve the sad condition. At the
Trappe men preached in a barn, at other places in school
houses and private dwellings, and whoever was capable of
reading, be it ever so poorly, was chosen to read sermons
and prayers for the edification of the people.
Foreign elements also entered into the consideration.
There were long distances to be traversed in order to meet
assembled congregations, dangerous streams had to be
forded, and almost impassable roads travelled, and at
times attacks by the Indians had to be warded off; so
that it was even at the risk of life that divine worship in
public services was at all possible. Yet while these con
ditions and exigencies were sad in the extreme there arose
in the progress of the congregation’s life other circum
stances still more humiliating and heartrending. There
were strifes among church members, discords between
pastors and people, and in particular immorality and un
reasonableness among some of the ministers whom the
congregation had received as trustworthy and faithful
ministers of the Word. А few illustrations will sufiice.
At the time of Mühlenberg’s arrival the congregation had
engaged the services of a certain Mr. Schmidt, reputed to
be a dentist and quack physician rather than а preacher,
who only could be subdued after Muhlenberg@ earnest
protest, and the positive proof of his rightful call in
answer to the call sent to Europe by the three united соп—
gregations for a preacher. During his (Mühlenberg’s)
long pastorate he was again and again confronted by sim
ilar conditions here and elsewhere. Nor were all the trials
and afllictions of the congregation at an end when he dis
appeared from the scene. Scarce has he departed this life,
which occured in 1787, when Berhard Gilbert, a member
of the church council, brought charges against Rev. Wein
land. This occurred in 1793. Synod investigated the
matter, and although exonerating the preacher, the next
year the complaint was repeated; the charges were “ not
sufficiently substantiated,” yet we do not find them removed
and the pastor’s name does not appear on the roll of min
isters in 1794, and in 1795 he removed from the congre
gation, and vacates its pulpit.
During the pastorates of Rev. Frederic Geissenhainer,
Rev. Jacob Miller and Rev. Conrad Miller, a period of
more than fifty years, peace reigned, and the congregation
enjoyed a period of tranquillity and prosperity. History
speaks of the eminent ability of these men and of the
excellency of their service. The congregation increased in
membership and influence, and progress was apparent
everywhere. During the next brief pastorate of less than
five years the peace and harmony of the congregation were
again disturbed. The pastor, the Rev. Nathan Yeager,
was an acceptable preacher and an eminent catechist.
Those who enjoyed the catechetical lectures given by him

give him unstinted praise for his excellency in this direc~
tion, but his views along other lines were severely criticized.
This caused partisan feelings, which ran high. The church
council was divided in their opinions; even members of
the same family often were on opposing sides, some siding
with the pastor, others with those who were opposed to his
“modus operandi.” These desired the pastor’s resigna
tion and his removal from the parsonage. At last the
civil courts were appealed to to settle the difliculties. The
papers of the Court proceedings are still at hand. Finally
the matter was adjusted, the pastor resigned, but not un
til many were estranged from the congregation, and its
membership considerably reduced.
Perhaps the greatest grief came upon this congregation
when H. Wendt, who was a former pastor and an efficient
preacher, fell into moral degradation from an exalted
position of honor and sacred trust. Although this did
not happen until after he had removed from this congre
gation, and assumed the position as house father of the
Orphans’ Home at Germantown, yet so highly was he re
spected as pastor and preacher that when his guilt was
ñrst announced many refused to believe the reports, and
pronounced them false, until his guilt was proven in the
criminal courts of Philadelphia and punishment for his
crime administered.
The sad experience of the congregation and of the
church with reference to this matter is so recent that no
further details will be given here.
11. ITs MlssroNs,
This congregation being the oldest German Lutheran
congregation in America, may well be looked upon as the
Historical Events. 25 1
mother of all the rest of the congregations among the Ger

mans of this vicinity. Although not organized by this
congregation, yet the surrounding congregations, as e. g.,
the Trappe, Old Goshenhoppen, New Goshenhoppen, Oley
Hills and others, were undoubtedly influenced by it. At
least these and many other congregations followed the
example of this one by early organization, building
churches and school houses, and some of them sought the
services and ministrations of its pastors and school masters.
In a narrower sense the congregations at Pottstown,
Peikstown and Boyertown are missions directly arising
from this congregation, because they have been organized
through the labors and advice of pastors serving this con
gregation at the time of their organization. The former,
Pottstown, and Pikeland during the time of Mühlenberg
and Voigt, while Boyertown may have been a preaching
point during Rev. Geissenhainer's pastorate at New Han
over; for the call extended to Rev. Ìacob Miller in 1809
includes “ Boyer’s ” as a place where he is to preach, but
we can find no documentary evidence that St. John’s, Boyer
town, was actually organized before 1811, Rev. Jacob
Miller being its first pastor.
The history of Keelor’s Lutheran congregation, of Sas
samansville, of Bechtelsville, of Grace, Pottstown, is even
more closely allied with this congregation. Not only
have its pastors been instrumental in effecting organiza
tions at these places, but also many of the members of
these congregations were formerly identified with the con
gregation at Swamp, and in every case the pastors of the
New'Hanover congregation served these new congrega
tions for a longer or shorter period of time, and all of
them have at some time or other been connected in parish
relationships in various ways, but are now all connected
with other parishes, except the youngest of them all

(Grace, Pottstown), which, with the New Hanover con
gregation, forms a pastoral charge, and both are served
by the same pastor.
Ш. ITS MEN 1N THE MINISTRY.

One might readily be led to the conclusion that a con
gregation of such venerable age and of such magnificent
history would have numerous representatives in the holy
oílice. Such however is not the case; nor is this without
sufficient reason. In its early historymen and women
were in destitute circumstances and were compelled to care
for their temporal wants, and could not spend time and
money for proper preparation, nor were there educational
facilities at hand sufficient to educate their sons for the
ministry; consequently their eyes were naturally turned to
the Fatherland for ministers rather than to the sons of
their own families. Therefore men who were educated,
or pretended to be educated in the universities of Europe
came to this country and fulfilled the sacred duties of the
pastoral oflice, either as catechists, teachers, missionaries or
ministers and pastors. It so happened that even the first
ones, as far as the writer knows, who entered the ministry
from this congregation, were merely born or baptized
here and then their parents removed to other places, and
joined other congregations, some of them missions of this
congregation, and such are therefore claimed by them as
their spiritual sons.
The first of whom we have direct knowledge as having
entered the ministry as a person born in this congregation,
is the Rev. F. W. Geissenhainer, D.D., son of the Rev.
Frederick Geissenhainer. He was born _lune 28, 1797,
shortly after his father became pastor of the congregation.
When his father removed to New York the son accom

panied the family and entered the ministry as a son of the
congregation in New York served by his father.
Another born and baptized within this congregation is
the Rev. George F. Miller, a nephew of Dr. Jacob and
Rev. Conrad Miller. He was horn April 26, 1824, and
with his twin brother, Peter Franklin, was baptized by
his uncle, Jacob, May 10, the same year. He also left this
community as a boy when his father, who was a merchant,
removed to Philadelphia, where he subsequently prepared
himself for the ministry, and later spent part of his time
as pastor at Pottstown and Amity.
Rev. Josiah Fox, born November 25, 1833, was bap
tized March 9, 1834, while his parents were members of
this congregation.
His brother, Rev. William B. Fox, born October 21,
1837, was baptized January 13, 1838, also prepared for
the holy office. The parents lived in the vicinity of
Sassamansville, and when that congregation was organ
ized (1837) transferred their membership to this young
congregation and these brothers are claimed by that con
gregation as their ministerial sons.
Rev. Josiah S. Renninger, born March 7, 1838, and
baptized May 27, 1838, is also a son of this congrega
tion by birth and baptism only. His parents later joined
the Sassamansville congregation, and he entered the min
istry Whilst a confirmed member of the Lutheran congre
gation at Sassamansville.
There were three other sons of this congregation by
birth and baptism, two of whom were brothers, who
were confirmed by pastors of the Swamp church, en
tered the Lutheran ministry, also from another congre
gation, St. John’s, Boyertown. These are Rev. Isaac
Newton Erb, born February 27, 1844, and Rev. Jesse

Erb, born September 16, 1847, both baptized by Rev.
Conrad Miller, and Rev. Solomon E. Ochsenford, D.D.,
born November 8, 1855, baptized January 6, 1856, by
the Rev. Nathan Jaeger. The parents of these three
faithful ministers of the Gospel were faithful members at
Swamp at the time of the birth and baptism of their sons,
but transferred their membership to the Boyertown соп—
gregation, hence these men went out into active service
from that congregation and have been reflecting credit
upon the congregation of their birth as did also those who
have preceded them under similar circumstances.
Not all however who entered the holy office have left
the congregation in childhood or in youth; there are some
who have gone forth directly from the congregation to
serve in the Master’s vineyard. The Rev. Daniel `K.
Kepner, a ШЁШЩЁЬКЁМЩЬОШ
October 13, 1836, and was baptized and confirmed by the
Rev. Conrad Miller. He prepared himself for the min
istry at Pennsylvania College, Gettysburg, and the Theo
logical Seminary, Philadelphia. His studies however were
interrupted by the Civil ÑVar, in which he served for
nearly three years in several regiments, Pennsylvania Vol
unteers, as regimental quartermaster, and was later com
missioned as captain. He was discharged July 21, 1865.
He entered the ministry in 1870, and was pastor at Slat
ington, 18704875, and of EmmanuePs congregation,
Pottstown, from January, 1875, to May 9, 1897, the
day of his death. He was a successful pastor and gloried
in the fact that he was baptized, confirmed and married
at the altar of this venerable church at Swamp.
Although Rev. Prof. Henry N. Fegley, D.D. was not
a member of this congregation by birth and baptism, yet
during the time of preparation for the ministry his parents

lived in close proximity to the church and became mem
bers of the same, as also did the rest of the family. He
prepared himself for the holy office, at the University of
Pennsylvania and the Lutheran Theological Seminary at
Philadelphia, graduating from both these institutions.
He was ordained in 1872 and immediately took charge of
St. Mark’s Evangelical Lutheran congregation at Me
chanicsburg, Pa., and St. John’s Church at Shiremans
town, Pa. When the charge was divided in 1896, he re
tained St. Mark’s congregation, which he served faithfully
ever since his ordination. He became professor of phi
losophy and religion and German at Irving College, in
connection with his pastoral duties, which sacred trust he
has held for eighteen years and the duties of which he dis
charges with signal ability and fidelity. The degree of
D.D. was conferred upon him in 1903 by Roanoke Col
lege, Salem, Va.
Rev. Abraham B. Markley, Ph.D., son of Augustus
and Charlotte Markley, was born September 2, 1855, and
was baptized by Rev. Nathan Jaeger on November 19,
1855. His early years were spent on his father’s farm
near Fagleysville, Pa. He was confirmed by Rev. L. Groh
in 1871. Не was graduated at Ursinus College and from
the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia. Не
was ordained at Lebanon in 1879, and has been faithful
in the ministry ever since. He served congregations be
longing to the Ministerium of Pennsylvania, the Pittsburg
Synod, and is at present pastor at Zanesville, serving a
congregation belonging to the District Synod of Ohio.
His younger brother, Daniel, likewise prepared for the
Ministry, but he died on March 13, 1882, aged twenty
one years three months twenty-eight days, being a student
of theology at the time of his death.
Clayton K. Drumheller, a confirmed member of this

congregation, was ordained to the office of the ministry
in the year 1880. He served several charges within
the bounds of the Ministerium of Pennsylvania, but later
he removed to the Middle West, and preached for a short
time in churches belonging to another synod.
His preparation for the ministry having been scant, and
on account of other conditions and circumstances he left
the ministry and is now engaged in secular pursuits.
A cousin of the above-mentioned Markley brothers,
Rev. Ulysses S. G. Bertolet, was born on an adjoining
farm April 23, 1866, baptized July 28 the same year, by
Rev. L. Groh, and also confirmed by him. He taught
school, and meanwhile prepared for college. He was
graduated from Muhlenberg College in 1892 with honors
and from the theological seminary at Philadelphia in
1895. He took charge of the Church of the Nativity,
Philadelphia, shortly after his graduation and ordination,
and served faithfully for ten years when he resigned and
accepted a call from Holy Trinity Lutheran congregation
at Chester, Delaware Co., Pa., where he is at present
actively engaged in the service of the church.
Rev. Orlando S. Yerger, son of Milton and Rebecca
Yerger, was born April 1 I, 1878, and was baptized May
2 5, the same year, by Rev. L. Groh. His boyhood was
spent on his father’s farm but early in life he showed in
clinations to study and as а теге Ьоу began teaching pub
lic school. He was confirmed by the present pastor, 1893.
Не prepared for college at Perkiomen Seminary, a pre
paratory school at Pennsburg, Pa. He entered Muhlen
berg College, and graduated with second honors of his
class in 1903. He taught a year in the preparatory de
partment of his alma mater. His ardent desire was to
serve the church in the West, consequently he took his the

ological course in the Lutheran Theological Seminary at
Chicago. After graduating from that institution he ac
cepted a call from Trinity Lutheran congregation, St.
Paul, Minn. Here he remained a short time, and is now
preaching at Lindstrom in the same state. He is well
equipped for the work of the ministry, and is a linguist of
rare ability.
1v. NOTED MEN.
Among noted men of the congregation a few stand out
quite prominently. ' Of these we might name _lohn Henry
Sprogell, Valentine Geiger, Matthias Richards (Reichert)
~ludge John Richards, Judge Benjamin Markley, Fredr.
Brendlinger, Dr. lIacob Knipe, Michael Stofilet and others.
But there are many beside these, individuals and families
of equal prominence in the congregation and its affairs.
Some of these will readily occur to those who have
examined the congregation’s records. It would be impos
sible to include all in this description. Therefore only a
limited number of names is given. 11 would be imprac
ticable-aye even impossible-_to give them all. This list
therefore is not meant to exclude others, who, forsooth,
are not mentioned, nor yet to raise to undue prominence
those given. It is simply a record of those who do at
once occur to the memory.
Among the families and individuals that may be named,
we find the names Kurtz, Kebner, Erb, Fegeley, Bickel,
Linsebigler, Ebli, Renninger, Yerger, Fuchs, Beiteman,
Mecklein, Stettler, Schittler, Ickes, \Vartman, Schwein
hard, Reifschneider, Harpel, besides a multitude of others
who have all helped to make the congregation the power
it is in this community.
The prominence of John Henry Sprogell is due not so

much to his eminent piety or zeal for the church, as it is to
the fact that he figures largely in securing a home and
property for the congregation. As already seen, he do
nated the land on which the church was built. Whether
it was an act of genuine liberality, or one of mere policy we
shall not attempt to decide. But we may be allowed to
quote what Dr. Sachse, who made a very thorough inves
tigation of the matter, says:
Sprogel, who was the son of a well-known theologian of the
same name, appears in anything but an enviable light. From cer
tain correspondence between Benjamin Furly and others which has
lately come to light, it appears that Sprogel was a schemer of the
first order, and anything but a man of honor, character or principle.
It is needless to repeat the specifications. His name is
found among those who came with Daniel Falckner when
he returned from Germany.
Не “ was born February 12, 1679. His father, an
eminent author and clergyman of the same name, was
teacher of the seminary at Quedlinburg. His mother,
Susanna Margaretta, was a daughter of the celebrated
composer of music, Michael Wagner, and the church his
torian Godfried Arnold, who wrote the ‘Kirchen and
Ketzer Historiae,’ married his sister. Sprogel was natur
alized in 1705, and for a time figured as a shipping mer
chant and became quite a land owner, in addition to the
Frankfort Company lands he acquired several large tracts
on the other side of the river. He died at his home at the
mouth of Sprogel’s Run at Manatawny, which was a part
of the land to the present suit (when he took it from D.
Falckner), wherein he had subsidized all the lawyers who
were then in the province, viz.: David Lloyd, George
Lowther, Thomas Clark and Thomas MacNamara.”
Historical Efvents. 259
“ The borough of Pottstown is now upon a part of this

land.”-He is buried, upon a part of his tract of land.
No further comments are needed.
Another man, but of an entirely different type, Valen
tine Geiger, was even more prominent in this congrega
tion’s affairs. The most satisfactory account we have of
him is that given by H. M. Mühlenberg in his report from
17 54-176 5, sent to Halle. According to this statement he
had lived in this country forty-five years and was seventy
seven years old at the time of his death, so that he must
have been thirty-two years old when he came. The
statement that he had been one of Mühlenberg’s bearers
for twenty years would indicate that his death occurred
1762—1763. Не also adds that Valentine Geiger was an
elder of the congregation, the first or oldest citizen of the
township-Des arste anbauer des Amtes-as well as its
most aged one. Any one acquainted with Dr. Mühlen
berg’s manner of speech will know that he habitually uses
the term amt to signify township, even introducing the
terms, the Aemter N. Hanover and Providens and Graf
schaft, Philadelphia, to designate the three congregations.
Although only about thirty-two years of age when he
came to this country, he was already married to the daugh
ter of Rev. GephardAI-Ienckel, whom he accompanied
hither. "' а“
After the death of his first wife he married the “ daugh
ter of a minister prepared (lit. made or manufactured)
here, who had some knowledge of chemistry, and who in
the hope of finding the philosopher’s stone, was willing ~
to support church and school and to perpetuate evangelical
religion.”
Valentine Geiger had a large family-_fourteen children,
of whom ten survived him. The distance from Philadel
phia viz., thirty-six miles, would indicate that he resided

somewhere near New Hanover, at the time of his death,
although it is known that he, or a son, of the same name,
resided not far from Oley Hill Church, somewhere in
Colebrookdale, as did also Gerhard Henkel, jr., a brother
in-law. Whether it was a son, or a grandson, or a man
of another family, we do not know, but a Valentine Geiger
donated the land upon which St. ]ohn’s Church, Gibraltar,
was erected about the close of the eighteenth century.
Michael Stoßlet has so thoroughly distinguished himself
that he deserves special mention here. It was he who
built for himself a monument at this place which has with
stood the storms of nearly a century and a half.
ln an unpretentious way he allowed future generations
to know who and what he was.
Almost in the topmost round of masonry he laid a stone
upon which is hewn this inscription
M. M.
Michael Stofllet
A. D. 1767.
The two M’s no doubt stand either for master mason, or

else master mechanic. Whatever this desires to convey,
time has proven that both are correct.
Other names have been hewn upon various stones set in
the walls, but the action of the weather during so many
years has almost entirely obliterated them.
Не showed himself not merely a “ master ” at his trade
but a shrewd business man. He placed this stone directly
under the cornice so that no action of the weather can ever
efface these letters. Beside this he did his work so well,
that whatever else he may have accomplished in life, his

name deserves to be revered, and this epitaph to be placed
securely within the walls of the church edifice that future
generations may honor his name, and learn that no em
ployment is too menial to be a master, nor too humble to be
proficient. Не was a communicant member of the con
gregation and lies buried on its graveyard.
John Frederick Reichert, the head of the Pennsylvania
German Richards family, containing many members of
distinction, was born in the town of Augsburg, Germany,
in 1679, the son of a German army officer. The church
records of this congregation state that he was buried Sep
tember 22, 1748. The exact date of his emigration to
America is unknown, but it must have been in 1700 or
1703, as family data in existence show that where he set
tled in New Hanover Township it was then an unbroken
forest Without roads save the paths made by the aborigines,
and that he was surrounded by many Indians. Family
records also state that he was one of the originators of
this congregation. His name appears as one of the sign
ers of the certificate for a title to the congregation’s
church property, February 10, 1746. He was a man of
means and education, and of great prominence in his lo
cality.
Matthias Richards the son of John Frederick, was born
January 9, 1719, died March 28, 1775, and was buried
near the church. He was a farmer and scrivener, a most
useful and well-educated man of his day, ranking superior
to the generality of those by whom he was surrounded.
He became wealthy and enlarged his patrimony, purchas
ing land near Heringtown, on the Swamp road, whence
he removed and kept a public house which was then an hon
orable occupation.
18
Не was an active official of the congregation and in

1767 was a member of the building committee to erect
the present church building.
About 1748 he was married to Ann Margaret, daughter
of John Frederick Hillegas, and a niece of Michael Hille
gas, the first treasurer of the United States.
John Richards, eldest son of Matthias Richards, born
April 18, 1753, died November 13, 1822, married Sophia
Heebner, and later Mrs. Catharine Krebs, daughter of
Philip Koons. He was a farmer, scrivener and iron-mas
ter; justice of the peace from June 6, 1777, practically all
his life. Associate judge of the Court of Common Pleas
for Montgomery County at the time of its organization,
appointed November I, 1784 by J. Dickinson, president
of the executive council, Frederick A. Muhlenberg being
president judge. He was a member of the Fourth Con
gress, 1796-97; Pennsylvania State Senator, 1801-07;
member of the Pennsylvania Convention on the Federal
Constitution of 1787; during the Revolutionary War one
of the magistrates authorized t0 administer the oath of
allegiance to the American cause. He was a man of in
fluence and wealth, a faithful official and an enterprising
citizen.
Benjamin Markley, born in New Hanover Township,
July 13, 1751, was a son of Abraham Markley, born
August 12, 1723, and his wife Barbara, whose maiden
name was Ickes. His grandfather, Jacob Markley, carne
from Germany early in the eighteen century. He was a
lifelong member of this congregation, died July 10, 1819,
and lies buried in the graveyard near the church. In his
youth he learned the trade of a blacksmith, which he
followed for some time, but later became a justice of the
peace, which oflice he filled many years. He was also a
surveyor, and a competent and careful scrivener. He

was frequently called upon to settle estates, draw up deeds
and agreements, and write wills. He wrote a legible hand,
both English and German, and his services were frequently
in demand. Не was identified with the military both dur
ing and after the Revolutionary War.
In 1789—90 he was a member of the lower branch of
the State Legislature. In the latter year, by alteration of
the constitution, the appointing power of the judiciary hav
ing been vested in the governor, he, together with Samuel
Potts, Benjamin Rittenhouse and Robert Loller, was ap
pointed associate judge of the judicial district as then
constituted by Gov. Thomas Mifflin, August 17, 1791.
This position of honor and trust he held for nearly twenty
years. As a judge he was dignified, affable and courteous,
and made many friends among all classes of society.
Among the later generations may be mentioned Fred
erick Brendlinger, born August 29, 1809, in Douglass
Township, Montgomery County, Pa. He was a grand
son of Joseph Brendlinger, who was born in Ditzingen,
Kingdom-of Würtemberg, Germany, on March 21, 1738,
and died April 25, 1825. The grandfather came to
America in his youth and served as a redemptioner in
New Jersey; later he settled in Douglass Township upon
a farm which is still in possession of his descendants,
and became a member of this congregation. On De
cember 15, 1767, he married Anna Rosina, daughter of
Peter and Dorothea Lober, who were also connected with
it. Their eldest son, Jacob Brendlinger, born February
15, 1770, died June 13, 1852, and his second wife, Maria
Fredericka Kurtz, born February 2, 1775, died February
9, 1856, were the parents of Frederick Brendlinger. The
latter spent hisgboyhood days upon his father’s farm, but
early in life turned his attention towards mercantile pur

suits, and as a young man became clerk in a country store.
Very soon thereafter he went into business for himself
at Gilbertsville, Pa., and a few years after his marriage
to Mary K. Hill, of Earlville, Pa., which occurred on
November 24, 1835, he removed to New Hanover, where
he spent the remainder of his life as a useful citizen of
the community, and a faithful member of the congrega
tion. In the congregation, as well as in the locality, he
became prominent and was looked upon as a leader. In
his business relations he was consistent and exact, attended
strictly to its minor details, and won the respect of all
with whom he came in contact. He was also a public
official, serving as postmaster from 1834 to the day of
his death, February 22, 1881. This office was in his
house at New Hanover, and its duties were attended to
by himself and the members of his family from 1837 to
1903, a period of sixty-six years, without being disturbed
by political influence or otherwise.
He was treasurer of Montgomery County from 1 857 to
1859, and for many years a director of the Pottstown
National Bank.
He was a friend of education, and particularly inter
ested in the welfare of his own children and those of the
community, and made sacrifices for the attainment of
superior educational facilities. He was a champion of the
Sunday-school cause, and sought to further its interests.
His membership in the congregation was life-long and
consistent; he was baptized, confirmed, and married by
the same minister, the Rev. Jacob Miller, D.D. He
frequently represented the pastoral charge at synod as
its delegate, and was always interested in the welfare of
the local congregation and the church at large. Five
HЗлодеи! E'vents. 265
generations of his people lie buried almost within the

shadow of the present church.
It should certainly not be taken amiss, as this publica
tion is intended in large measure to interest the members
of the New Hanover congregation above all others, if we
append a brief résume' of the condition and numbers of
the Lutheran Church in general during those very early
days. 11 might be said in advance that the numbers usu
ally claimed for the Lutheran population at that time are
placed at a figure entirely too low. 11 has been said, that
at a very early day, e. g., about the period of the revolu
tion, there were about 200,000 Germans in Pennsylvania,
alone. Now every one knows that not less than one third
of these were Lutherans, possibly even more. It is true
these were not all gathered into congregations. But they
had been confirmed and they were really members of the
church and should be counted as such. This would give
a number to be cared for by the church considerably in
excess of the 10,000 usually estimated.
But there is another way of looking at the matter. 11
is so customary to speak of the great destitution among the
people and the need of godly ministers to care for their
spiritual wants, that some have almost concluded that the
whole population were heathen. Now the fact of the
case is almost the very opposite. They were people, who
were church members, many of them perhaps not gathered
into congregations, but the great need was pastors and
shepherds, to care for them.
This will be made plain when we mention the congrega
tions and preaching points which Rev. H. M. Mühlen
berg mentions as claiming his attention. The larger por- ~
tion of them had congregations, organized after some
form or other, while the others wanted pastors so that they
might be organized, and supplied with the preaching of

the Gospel. It will not be necessary to add to each indi
vidual congregation an estimated number of members.
The mere mention of the names and places will suggest to
almost anyone that at the time of the organization of
the synod, instead of being 7,000 or possibly 8,000, the
estimated membership should be 15,00020,000.
When Rev. H. M. Mühlenberg arrived in this country
there were not only the three united congregations, Phila
delphia, Trappe and New Hanover, which soon became
four by adding Germantown, which certainly did not num
‘Si ber less
was than 600 members,
Tulpehocken; taking thebut170
rather
or 17more. Then
5 voting there
members
\ who went out to organize Christ Church as a basis of com
I' putation, this congregation alone numbered over 400.
2 Then in addition there are Oley Hills, Rockland, Mose
lem, Little Tulpehocken, Indianfield, New Holland,
i Muddy Creek,.Lancaster, York, Reading, Warwick, Swa
tara, Alsace, Schwartzwald; the Swedish churches, the
j churches in Virginia, those in Georgia and the Carolinas,
those in New York and New Jersey, a number of points
which are in doubt, e. g., Goshenhoppen, Upper Milford,
Tohickon, etc. Some of these latter may not yet have
been organized. But any one will understand that about
j thirty congregations of whom at least half a dozen aggre
f gate from 200 to 300 еас11 would be apt to have more than
L~..`7,000 members.
The same statement might be made in regard to the
second period covered by these computations. Taking
the names of churches as furnished by Rev. F. A. C. Müh
lenberg in his diary, probably double the number given for
1773 would be nearer the truth. In fact, it seems hardly
to be to the credit of Mühlenberg and his colaborers, that
Historical E'vents. 267
with the numbers coming to this country, and the vast num
ber of unchurched Lutherans, they should hardly have
added thirty per cent. to their churches in thirty years.
The opinion is not that these men were not as successful
as they should have been, but that the computers over
looked a part of the facts. A close examination of the
early reports of ministers to synod would be apt to con
firm almost anyone in this view.
But taking either view of the case, i. e., accepting the
ordinary computation for 1773, viz., one synod, a total of
thirty ministers, 100 congregations, containing 10,000
members, or doubling the aggregate of membership and
estimating is at 20,000, if comparison of either statement
be made with the present status of the church, the result
of the church’s progress within one hundred and thirty
five years is astonishing. Sixty-seven synods, twice the
number of the individual preachers then; now 8,191
ministers, 273 times the number; 13,380 congregations,
nearly 134 times the number and 2,052,938 members,
more than 205 times, or even at the larger estimate, more
than 100 times the number. An increase at the same rate
for another hundred years, would be absolutely inconceiv
able. But that does not present the matter in its most
striking aspect.
Then the synod did not have a treasury of its own, and
works of beneficence depended mainly upon foreign aid.
The income of the legacies was distributed among the pas
tors to help eke out an existence which was most precarious.
This state of things continued for thirty years longer.
But this was not all. The Church was without any per
manent means for the training of its ministers. It is true
a weak effort was made to establish a seminary, which was
without a building or other arrangements and could hardly
have been said to have had a regular body of students.

These statements are not made to find fault, or to criticize
the men of that day. They, no doubt, did the best they
were able to do. For not only was the church impover
ished, but the state itself was in a bad way financially. It
would not have been diflicult to find handfuls and basket
fuls of money, worth just so much waste paper. Some
churches indeed did pay their properties twice over, when
they found the money they did have did not pay any
debts.
In addition to all this the church had no papers or per
iodicals. This congregation was one hundred years old
before the synod had a treasury of its own. It was more
than one hundred years old before a single periodical ap
peared in the interests of the Lutheran Church. It was
fully one hundred and twenty-five years old before there
was a really organized seminary or a classical school of its
own to which young men in preparation for the ministry
could be sent. What little money was contributed for
orphans or other institutions went to Europe or to other
institutions outside of their own church.
We should be grateful to Almighty God and loudly
praise Him for what he has done for us. For not only
has there been that wonderful growth in numbers already
spoken of, but now there are 24 Lutheran theological
seminaries of various casts-there are 41 colleges, 42
academies, 7 ladies’ colleges and seminaries, 9 deaconess
institutions, 49 orphans’ homes, 34 hospitals, 31 homes
for the aged, hospices, etc., 13 immigrant and lay
men’s missions and I I foreign missions carried on by the
Lutheran churches of our country, besides the amounts
contributed to maintain the more than 13,000 congrega
tions. And nearly all this has been accomplished in the
past seventy-five years. And what great things may fu

ture generations experience if this congregation and all the
others prove faithful to their trust, and while abiding in
the true faith, continue in all good works. By the grace
of God this congregation shares in the general prosperity
of the church. May it be its part to stand fast in the love
of Christ, and continue in his worship and loving service
to the praise of God and the salvation of men.
I
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ithe
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LDaniel
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ilnize1773
1773.
nab—‚i_.e.tghl.er.
Leiosnhi_an.rgder
GGeorge
and
lohn
Gerber.
Magdalena
Feb.
and1773.
1773
—-,_. Romig.
Maria
.EMay
Anna
and
....John
..jan.
li1772.
1772...
s17,
xo,
a—b_e.th
Baptized.
CSponsors.
PBorn.
hairlednrtesn. M.April
Anton
..Mar.
ar1772.
1772
3,
7,
ga_._,
_re.tha
aalone
marriages
of
listing.
double
avoid
grooms’
the
order
In
in
lpto
happear
names
acasebetical y
MSimon,
Maria
Ealrigsabr_e..th. .
john
Ursula..
Anna
Michel,
EGeorg
lisab_e.t.h
(aged
years.)
May
1784.
28,
15
_.
CONGREGATION.
THE
EXPLANATORY
NOTE.
few
rdeaths
and
here.
dis
ecfvery
areeocrtdievde,
appear
fdropped.
“in”
endings
”hemave
“en
been
orinine
Maria
..Sept.
1Anna
1769..
767,
9.-,_..Nov.
infinitum.
ad
name.
24: QILL там JáfLOuÜH 14012111717 ‘111471113
CMargareth
Acker,
.Dec.
Acker.
George
„Johan
Ursula
hand
..Feb.
.Johan
1762..
1763.
ri9,
27,
sti.an ..April
CFuchs.
Acker,
EAcker
1h„June
„Ursula
and
8,
l1764.
C7rih6sr4u,
ai.tsbiteG.anohrge
Susanna
Mar.
Ludewig
wife
C.May
„Michael
Sand
auts1772.
17,
h3,
anri.an.e
MGerber
Magdalena
and
..Feb.
.Johannes
a.May
gr12,
1772.
dg3,
a_.—lr.entah.a Achy,
.Rebecca
Mar.
MCYôrger
and
.May
Achy.
V1825. ersantrhie.nathmea. Acker,
haArlb20,
ig22, Barbara
S.Christ.
Feb.
.July
EAcker
wife
and
Fuchs
1783.
clihs25,
oa13,
bentlh.iJ.acob
EFMichael
and
Kurtz.
I„Меч.
lr7iesd15,
1773
2a19,
e.b_rei.tFc.haeb. Rebecca
Feb.
.Michael
Rand
M...April
Neuman
eaAbr25,
1774.
neg3,
dca_--.r-e.a,.tsha wife.
ESchönberg
Acker,
Nov.
and
.CFeb.
lF1778.
h28,
riz5,
sie1779.
adbetreit.achnk
R.Jan.
Cand
28,
John
e1809.
„Ост.
a1809
tihc22,
ahr—ai-enr.ad.t wife.
Ambrose
Henry
Achy,
Swife
and
Nov.
Feb.
Achy
Hermann
..Henry
c1846.
1847.
hw21,
9,
einh.ar.t Cand
awife
Maurer
and
.Henry
.Jacob
t.Dec.
Acker,
Oct.
Henry
1841.
26,
har12,
ine.
Fuchs.
Maria
EFrey,
Heinrich
Cand
Heinrich
Aug.
lAcker,
Oct.
hirsi|775.
1775.
29,
asbtei.t.ahn
wife
John
.C.Aug.
and
Eva.
Peter
1771..May
atM20,
h1772.
a3,
r_ti.ne Sophia
..April
Keppler
1and
David
Hanna.
71767
65,
7. .J.uly FSusan.
and
.Carl
Lidia
Acker,
Aug.
.Henry
Oct.
r26,
1829.
ead9,
nekrli.cnk
Acker,
Maria
.E.Feb.
and
Fuchs.
Eva
.May
Ml28,
Caihrts12,
1774.
iashbtie.atshn
CSponsors.
PBorn.
Baptized.
hairledrnetnr. wife.
and
Eppele
Jacob
Eva
..Jan.
1768....
1,
1772
—. EJohn
and
Oct.
Johannes
.Mar.
lis20,
1771.
1772
22,
a_.be.th Mathilda
Ache,
..Mar.
1833..Carl
Lidia
Fuchs.
1833..May
Susan
and
26,
„Jonas
19,. 4,. Lidia
Achy,
.Charles
James
.April
Achy
Lidya
Sarah.
and
Fuchs
.July
18,
„James
1841. Achy,
Anna
..April
1841..July
Achy
Lidya
„Charles
Lidia.
and
.18,
Fuchs
1841.
,R4,
eub.en C..Feb.
Acker,
E„Herb
.„May
Anna.
and
a28,
1780.
ClthiArs7,
abirsbitae.nthae.n David
Daniel
Acker,
Sept.
.Dec.
Maria.
.Daniel
Maria
and
Huber
.Jonas
1848.
26,
17,.
wife.
and
Fuchs
..Adam
Eand
1l7.May
„Маг.
Adam
6,
Johann
Acker,
ios.1770.
a14.,
.bCeh.rti.hstian
.i.
B..Dec.
Kiele,
Jacob
a18,
7r24,
1772
b1a..rM.a r.
EJohannes
BPolich
.and
Feb.
al1782..
ciSbse9,
abites.tr.h
Lucinda
Maria
Binder.
„Маг.
Anna
Schöner,
1....Mary
1832..
839,
211,
.- ..June
Daniel
Acker,
Webster
.Oct.
June
Esther
and
1873
1874.
W.iP4,
19,
alreint.asm.
Eleonora
Maria
..Dec.
John
1771..May
3o,
1772
3,
_- .
CESept.
Acker,
and
May
hlris23,
1772.
i2,
1773.
astbeita.hn.
Sara
.Nov.
1774
1775..
12,
.—_ .
Nov.
1Franklin
and
Amanda
.Ackerman,
..Sept.
8P921,
a2,
2r1.e[ч
n.t.Esl.Mamy Sallie
..Feb.
and
Nov.
Ackerman,
1885.
Stephen.
Henry
1884.
8,
WPiа
al14,
reni.tasm Э...
1WKate
and
John
Ackerman,
..Man
a91906. .e.n.t].Nsоo.v1 п and
l_оtPe7ar7,
22, 1AAckerman,
Amanda
Kate
.8b3i.PgaA9,
œ
pirle.n20t,..1s8S4.epEltam. Sallie
1‚ё
.Lovina
and
Ackerman,
..April
28,
87P4a11,
.re.Wnti_.slIuianme â
.July
.Ackerman,
Sallie
and
G„Вес.
Sarah
1888.
e.\PrV9,irelundtie.sam Sallie
atzo, 1Ackerman,
William
and
„..Aug.
i"
8P75a725,
.ц,
r5e\.VnitNl.soivam. ASeiler,
CJoh.
Peter
1.,Oct.
and
..Peter
ea7ts64h24,
t11,
3.ae.r_iIl.ne.r]eiumnNi,aes Albrecht,
Cand
E1..Aug.
16,
Jörger
„Tobias
a7ltiв
72h20,
s.arbM.ienS.cathe.pate.l
.Georg
Leonhard
Klotz
and
Gil
Ilnnnn
Maria
Acker,
Aug. Michael
Adams,
ME1..Mar.
wife
and
Yoerger
..Mich.
8la0i1r07,
31,
.sg1a.rHbe.i.tJnrhu.ane.
Samuel
Julian
Maurer,
Schöner.
Iohrm
Fuchs
Margaretha.
and
Maria.
Anna
Fuchs,
Mathias E.April
CAdams,
.John
and
Decker
„Martin
..Sept.
l26,
1811.
1812.
aits20,
habreit.nhe.
C.Adam,
and
Burger
.George
George
Eva.
1.,Oct.
6,
a7Ht9e1799.
17,
h8ia.nri..nc]ehan. Maria
Adams,
C..Jan.
„John
and
Dress
„1011.
1817
1hart8i31,
h1sa6tri.n.a.e
Sarah.
Schoener, Lydia
Adams,
Ann
„Вес.
„Ане.
Maria
„Isaac
Sarah.
and
.Augustus
1853.
Репы-
1852.
28,
30,.
Barrel
wife.
and
Eva
morc Daniel Hannah

and
.Ephraim
Alice
PAckerman,
1882.
Nov.
Oct.
ar12,
19,
ent.s. Amanda
.Elam
and
Charles
Feb.
.June
PAckerman,
1894.
26,
ar24,
ent.s. .John
30,. .Elam
.April
Kate
and
Parents.
Newton.
Clyde
Ackerman,
May
28,
1905. Amanda
and
Elam
Ackerman,
..Feb.
Sept.
1880.
1881.
Pa7,
ц,
rent.s. and
1Amanda
„Ackerman,
Ernest
„June
8,
8P9a910,
r.e.n.EtSlespatm. "and
1...Sept.
Amanda
John
Ackerman,
8P7a10,
5,
8r.ent..EsNloavm. Ackerman,
Alice
..April
Amanda
and
.Elam
1888..May
1889.
„Mary
P:_
a25,
17,
rent.s Amanda
and
„Шаги
William
Ackerman,
Nov.
„116,
1886.
P8a22,
r5e.nt.Osc.t. Ellen
Adams,
Maria
1..Mar.
and
.8,5P813,
a14,
.8re.AnutgN.suotvu.s Adams,
Jesse
„Вес.
...]an.
wife
11850.
„and
8P5a119,
1,
.reAung.tustus Mary
Adams,
..]'ап.
Maria
1.Jan.
and
1861.
„8Р612,
а15,
.н-.Aсu.тguаs.tus Samuel
Adams,
wife
..Dec.
..._lan.
and
.Augustus
1850.
1851.
„P19,
1,
aren.ts
Aaron
Ursula
and
..joh..
Maria.
and
Read
.Jacob
Anna.
Cand
Ehlrisatbie.athn ECand
lhirsabteita.hn
Maria
and
Daniel
William
.July
Acker,
Oct.
1846.
10,..
4,
IVIary.
and
.
26,
1758
2,
1773.. 1760..
8,
April
1839.
27,.
May .June
1760. 1781..
Oct.
21,
.
1781..
6,
Acker,
George
joh.
Oct.
1758.
13,.. Acker,
Маг.
Johannes
1771.
17,
26,. May
.1.
Lidia
Acker,
Feb.
1839. Acker,
Margaret
19,.
Magdalena..
На 2111 там JQKLOMUH “012111717 ‘113171113
Maria
Anna
and
Nagel
.and
Barbara
F1768..
1Albrecht,
Johann
r7ie614,
24,
d8er.i.ckAh.u]gn.e Cand
Anna
aRoth
Adam
BtEva
Joh.
1758.
1a..Aug.
.Joerg
hAlbrecht,
Adam
Joh.
7ra530,
br85,
ai.rn.aS..ept. Barbara
and
Refd.,
Engel,
BaAdam
Eva
and
r1760.
1760..May
b.Joerg
HaAlbrecht,
eJoh.
ri25,
n.ri31,
Hcehi.nri.chMar.
EAnna
and
Gilbert
l„Conrad
EiMichael
and
lsConrad
iaAlbrecht,
6,
..Sept.
bsea1770
tbhe..t.h EGilbert
Auna
and
l„Conrad
Eiand
Michael
slEaSept.
6,
iAlbrecht,
lbsiea1770
stbahe.b.te.ht. Fridle.
DKühle
and
o.Johannes
Barbara
and
rEva
.Adam
.June
1765.
Маг.
oAlbrecht,
Iohannes
t2,
h24,
ea..
Salome.
Se..George
and
nand
1..April
Susanna
s8FAlbrecht,
‚Ост.
1818.
e1rn9id.11,
e31,
drMfe.irci.hcael
Cwife
aKühle
and
.Jacob
Et.johannes
lh.Sept.
ia..]an.
CAlbrecht,
rs1795.
iat21,
ю,
nbhae.trhi.na Barbara.
and
Gilbert
.HCand
ea.Tobias
April
1802.
itWilhelm
.Dec`
1801.
nhAlbrecht,
11,
ra9,
ir.cihn.a.
daughter.
VKühle,
alentine’s Maria.
and
B.Jacob
r„АРКИ
-Michael
1316-
Susanna
and
eНМ)"-
1315»
Rcbecca
Albrecht»
ndI4,
l3,
in.ge~r Cand
a.Tobias
Iôrger
thEMichael
and
alr1776.
Feb.
isDec.
nTobias
Albrecht,
a4,
b1775.
.31,
.et.h..
Mand
a.Ad.
Ищет
Susanna
and
Michael
rFeb.
Fg1813
Albrecht,
raer3,
det.rhi.ac.k B.George
and
Lange
aE.Michael
and
‚Маг.
rlMar.
George
Albrecht,
ibs1774.
a22,
15,
rbae.t.h Caand
Keiser
tAngeline
Sam.
hand
....Aug.
aRittman
.Philipp
ri1861.
.june
n1860.
eCAlderfer,
.2,
a29,
th.ari.na Slbllla.
and
Zlegler
.George
Mary
and
.Edward
.july
1826.
1826.
.Feb.
16,
x5,
.Sophia
.Allen,
...
Sophia.
and
Bartman
.jacob
Cath
and
.Tobias
Daniel
„june
1815.
..Dec.
Albrecht,
1814.
25,.. Barbara.
and
Miller
--luly
Catharina
..Adam
and
F¢b~
-Tobias
x805
Mafia
Albrecht,
Is05-
13,
I4,.—~
wife.
W.._Ioh.
and
Ba1and
23,
«Maf-
Eva
MMafia
Jan-
1762»
7gAa6rel22»
bng~ars.erA-cdaeihtlmh.a Regina.
and
Bickel
.Daniel
Cand ri.n.a. Sand
.Tobias
a1820.
.June
Sophia
t1819.
.Dec.
Albrecht,
h5,
a13, Binder
..]асоЬ
uand
1s8a2„May
Susanna
Albrecht,
6Susanna
n2.30,
-6Ma.i.chJa.eul y
Alde(rlfelrg.itI.im_ate).
wife.
and
Shick
.Eand
l.Johannes
.April
.May
hiGeorge
Albrecht,
F.
sr1773.
a30,
h3,
bae.rtdh. wife.
and
..July
Kurz
M1807-
Susanna
and
-Michael
„Мау
Salome
i1807.
Albrecht,
c23,
ha—‚e.l.
Spontan.
PBaptized.
aCBorn.
rheinltdrse.n.
Gilbert.
„Barbara
11816..May
Cath
and
..Sept.
8Rahel
Albrecht,
125,
7. T0.‚,_b.iag
G„Maria
Ci.Tobias
and
al1810.
May
Ct.Jan.
bAahelta20,
r23,
hbtari.neia.cnhat,
'Warthman.
Wilson.
.Cand
P._Iohn
a._Ian.
t1827.
Charles
Nov.
Albrecht,
1824.
28,
rhea2,
nrti.sna. C..Tobias
and
aP1803.
Dec.
EAlbrecht,
tSept.
alhriea4,
7,
snrati.bsne..ath ‚and
18Р..Aug.
Susanna
Ephraim
.Oct.
Albrecht,
21822.
18,
а.к5,
.еMтi.аch.a.el C„1813
and
„Tobias
..Sept.
1812..
aAlbrecht,
Rebecca
Рtаhг11,
aеrт.i_вn..a
Magdalena
S1and
Mwife
Aca7lhr8wti22,
....June
Anna 4ea30,
.inC.г,S
dhMoöanirAcdafhutegrl., single.
both
chд
weinhardt, DCMalinda
and
Bender
Annïc
1„Jacob
S.
ШAnderson»
a8иtн6hа99;
a8м.r-14,
i„.n-ВSРe.еaс-Ьm.ueE...
l Mand Rachel.
and
‚ё
A.Jacob
Штег-
Наггу
M.Samuel
Bender
DCC-
1870-
13,
«April UnSd.~Oan, â
ra1871.
ildi23, R„April
father
АНЕМИИ,
Lizzie
..The
Kate
and
eE.
1Монте
!i89t0n9,
97,
.a0u-.eG.r~eМorаgуe MWeiss
Johannes
Angstadt,
..Feb.
.John
and
I"
Susanna
a1807
gE17,
dharhlae.rnd.a. EKlein
wife.
Antoni,
and
.1..Feb.
..Sept.
lu7iBp5se29,
1751.
24,
h1arnb.hoeant.PrN
hiatcual Apple,
Lewis
Cass
Bitting
Homann.
Sarah
..Sarah
and
..Sept.
1D.
1851.
ä
8,
858.—‚.John
U„Все.
CA._Joh.
Jacob
1302-
aAgnes
1n-Feb.
r8dgt0eid3,
3rh.kae27,
ßorlf.iìJeSlon.Oharn,.es
CAwife
Chris
M„.Oct.
SAnna
and
.Aug.
la1796.
eMtrhiewha23,
n31,
.cadiMhronceiahrnefadler, Elisa
wife
EAand
F.Maria
..Aug.
...May
lrMties14,
30,
1791.
inadcebhôreaitrc.ehñaler, wife
Sand
AJohann
Maria
1cJune
Anna
George
l7htw8e17,
621,
ni.dohM.eairScfedhtpaetrl,.
Alt,
FFeb.
Johann
Nov.
.rand
wife
FiVwife.
l.Johann
Stempel
and
reai5,
1743..
7,
dl174.4.
edrneit.rci.hnch
Anstein,
Philip
Maria.
CJohann
and
Ringer
.Johannes
.Dec.
.George
1764.
ath17,
30,
ari.na Friderig
B.Maria
and
Antes
Antes,
1„June
Anna .4ai.Hrdeai.Nnroivcg.h Eand
a76rF419,
br11, Antes,
DCSara
.Philip
Oct.
.Dec.
l1763.
hoiWrsti12,
a25,
lbsehtreih.lnrma
»K¿.laR-rц„нk.nа-цr-.н‘иц,
Anna
Alt,
C..Sept.
a.tand
C„Henrich
hVa30,
174.4..
1745
Krauss
wife.
tand
|rheianr.t.ain.a wife.
Johannes
Anstein,
and
Ringer
C„Johannes
1„Осе.
a75t30,
h3,
.5ar.iG.neNoarvg.e wife.
BRinger
Maria
Anstein,
Cand
„Johannes
a.George
1r1756.
7bta5rh12,
14,
6.ar.iO.nNctao.v.
wife.
Angel,
and
CJörger
„Вес.
.Philipp
Maria
.Anna
a.Marl
tA:_
1750.
31,
hnx7,
1751.
adrie.nas
Valentin
Alt,
„CVogt
wife.
and
Mar.
1750..May
6,
Vatl1750.
h22,
eanrti.na Sigesmund
Anstein,
Ringer
C.Joh.
.John
Mary.
and
George
Oct.
1763.
Jan.
a1764.
th4,
1,
arin.a. wife.
wife.
Anstein,
Maria
CAnna
Ringer
..Aug.
George
and
1at7ha512,
rz5,
i4n.a ..JAouhgn. Anstein,
George
wife.
and
Ringer
Joh.
CNov.
.John
11758.
.DeC. .arGi.enoarge FAnstein,
a7t52.1.,
h824, wife.
and
Ringer
Jürg
.Dec.
C„George
„John
.Feb.
r1760.
a1761.
ite21,
dh1,
earic.hn.a Sigmund
CAnstein,
and
Ringer
„Вес.
..John
11760.
..G¢Ol'g¢
a7t5h12,
2,
9a.ri..nMa r.
Alt,
Philip
.Oct.
C.wife.
„Philip
and
„Маг.
Jost
Vat25,
1752.
12,
l1753.
heanrti.na
Ca1Sept.
Alt,
.Dec.
1748.
7and
Ct4„ahKrause.
829,
Cta.4,
hrt.aihVran.irla..neatin
Maria.
(By
Anna
Boskirk.)
V.
Rev.
1Maria
A..The
...Dec.
wife
and
l7tparents.
9M12,
27,
1794.
ei3ncd.öheaFr.eflebr,. EM..The
mЕтта
A-Aug-
.1372-
and
vnaoJan.
1874.
18,
edltS12,
iharnem-udrSe.aO-lD,
betha.
tina.
„E_L.„`-. .._‚.
9Lz 2111; maN 124014012] 1401211]??? ‘111411113
Cwife,
Hier
and
hHrairsetirsnta.mo.apnh.Jeorhn Cand
atharina BFEBaehr,
Mar
and
Jörg
Feb.
-1766.
1766-
Maria
arl„Маг.
Fiersid30,
17,
atebrtmih.ac.nJkhörg SMaria
and
Baideman
w.Adam
CJoh.
George
eaitnharidn.a.
Ewife
and
Mar.
Magdalena
.lBaer,
1782.
Baer
.Peter
iМау
sFas19,
rbaiebteh.dth
C.Boyer.
Hummel
Maria
and
1828.
JOnathan
Auchy,
--April
hV1827.
_.Jan.
raJil12,
15,
osentai.tnahan CEmmerich
and
a.CtJoh.
George
Vahtahlraeirnitan.ian.
C1SMoser
Sophia
.and
wife
Au,
a71..Dec.
u.t57Ssh3ea30,
14,
sb.rnais.nEta.ilD.aineacs.
.John
Homann.
Sarah
and
Bitting
..Sarah
D..
Maria
CExlein
1Axlein,
and
aSusanna
..Aug.
t7h6ahr6i19,
1,
a.n5r.iGCn.eh.raoi.srMtgoapehy
Daniel
Badman,
ECFuchs
and
1825..
..Joseph
._Mar.
1825
laitBse31,
harbnreh.itahnr.at CSamuel
1Badman,
Gaukler
Jacob
Bad-
Maria
and
Kutz
..Sept.
a81t6h114.,
19,
a4~rS.iamn.Muae.lr.
Henrich
CBadman,
„.Joseph
and
Erb
Мау
1813.
Hanna
8,
a1813
Htehanri..n—ca.h wife.
and
Gilbert
.Margareth
E1763.
Maria
Baeiteman,
B.Nov.
Sept.
Flreisr20,
e22,
andbherati.rhcd.
Maria
.Margareth
and
Neiss.
.Peter
Nichol.as wife.
and
Hering
Bмигать
.Ludwig
C-1760.
.August.
Sept.
1760-
ahOct.
Fcr12,
i30,
estderi.macnh , wife.
and
Gilbert
.George
.Freder.ick
Margaret
and
wife.
John
Backis,
1..Aug.
.Anna
and
Klein
75M2413,
i10,
8chJea~.rJeluminae CJohn
and
Badmann,
-John
Erb
..John
1843.
a„June
Oct.
th12,
2o,
ari-n.ae.
Sponsors.
Parents. Jeremia
Backis,
.Jeremia
wife.
Anna
and
Kuntz
„Jacob
..Aug.
171752-
513,
7,
0.-.June
Eva. wife.
and
Egolf
Jacob and
Georg
Maria.
Roth
.-Hans
Anna
.Jacob
CE.Johannes
Sophia
and
.Elias
abtehrahian.rat.
MHB
and
..Siegmund
Weigel.
Fae.May
Jan.
ri1774.
îg23,
27,
enadreire.ctha. RMatthias
eElisa-
Fand
riGeorge
cehdaerd-i.ck _nil"прупц-нЦр‘
Spies.
onymus
Heiderig.
Wilhelm
Badman,
C.1822.
and
.Joseph
1„June
a8tP211,
ha4,
re.ni.tnAsau.g. gareth.
Magdalena
Badie,
.April
and
.Elias
„Маг.
1744.
1774.
15,
9,.
(Il eman.gitimate). beth.
CBorn.
Baptized.
hildren.
Oct.
1779.
xo,..
.April
1756.
Feb.
George.
Johann
Baiteman,
4,
1,...
Apple,
Jane
Sarah
Feb.
1858.
1849.
.Sept.
5,. NA1778..
15, 1ir..Dec.
7mcbh1,
7ro.uls.atMsear,. John, Baideman,
C..June
„May
8,
6,
at1779.
hari.ne Baideman,
George.
Johann
April
1781
May
20,
3,.
A1761.
Bar-
Anna
Aug.
.Aug.
rm30,
23,
str.ong, CAu,
Sophia
1756.
a.Jan.
th7,
11,
ari.n.a CBackel,
yes-July
ahtrh1745.
ago
ai5,
rsitnai.n3awe ks
terday.
(twins).
bara
Baiteman,
Eand
MZoller
...Feb.
Joh.
Bär,
.May
1778.
Peter
l.Peter
a28,
Cirhsg10,
aibsЬ
rtei.tahnh. EC.Jacob
MBaral,
wife
and
April
Dec.
28,
akl6,
trbiц
1797.
hgrsaerbtie.ntah . â
Maria
wife
1M„Philipp
and
Hahn
18,
Margretha
Bardman,
..Oct.
7a9r117,
.grM.eic.tDheacl. April
.John
Maria
Barlow,
H1846.
Maria.
and
Fayette
.Oct.
f“
ar20,
ten—,st.ein .Feb.
Sophia
Barbara.
Eand
B.Jacob
.Adam
Barthmann,
‚Ноу.
1800..
6,
lairzo,
1799. h E.Michael
sthambae.ntN Maria
.Adam
and
Sept.
B1801.
1Jonas
l:TI
a8i0r25,
s10,
1ta.nbhmeOact.nh.n,
Е...
B„William
Весы:
Shenkel
EBard,
1..Aug.
Reed
Kate.
and
a6,
1870. .s9Wa.ible.it.Aahumg. (Il egœ
l8ri6d2, itimate). C.Daniel
.Feb.
Band
Mary
1832.
Boyer
._Joseph
‚ё
Henry
Bardmann,
..Aug.
1831.
har29,
i4,
dsmtai.n a
Lick.
Eand
Palsgraff
CHenrich
May
.Peter
Bär,
Feb.
1780.
al18,
tihz7,
arbie.nteh and
Elisa
Maria
FB1Johann
George
Gilbert
Berhart
Joh.
Bär,
1767.
8,
..Oct.
re7i6rd7n4,
e.hrai.cr.‚hNtov. Michael
Cunigunda
CHolder
Henry
„1._June
and
Barsy,
a7Mt5ih21,
411,
ca.hr.aiJ.Aneaulcgo.b Nagel.
DEand
Kugler
Margareth
MBarth,
May
.June
..Jacob
loEair1759.
19,
s4,
ogatbhre.tah .
CLinck
Hauck.
Eva
Barth,
..Мау
„1752..June
and
a116,
M7ta5h7,
t2a.rhi.P.naester
"Maria
M.Jacob
wife
and
Вага1,
.Sept.
Yorger
.,Dew.
..Feb.
1798.
arg1799.
1,
3,
are.tehtah.a CS1and
Susan
„Henry
Ann.
„Маг.
Mary
Barret,
ca8ht3w85,
ea.irn.-,ihHnAa.erpn.triyl
CMay
Feb.
Barbara
and
Meyer
Phil.
.George
1782.
.Adam
Barthmann,
hri5,
11,
stin.a.
C.Aug.
Nathan
Barrit,
and
MBarrit
..Oct.
„John
„Johannes
1824.
atrh1,
11,
garie.ntaha.
EHering
1Bär,
CMaria
and
l7.June
hi26,
sr27aib.19,
2sctF.hirenLdJu.aeurwilcygk
s
BJohannes
CGeorge
„Ноу.
and
1803..May
._Philipp
aReyer
1804.
6,
Mitahrп,
eagnramir.aneatnh,. F.E1Kurz
and
.April
7.June
Maria
Anna
Bär,
rl1776.
Mi6e.szo,
d23,
caeFhrbiaec.dtaelh.rich
Balitenman,
Maria
Magda-
Nov.
.and
1MF1758.
a7Adam
rProbst
wife.
and
ig515,
ae5,
7rd.ethrai.F.ch.bjo.h E.Bär
F.Peter
and
George
Bär,
Nov.
.Jan.
1776.
lrise7,
1775.
23,
daebrietc.hk.h and
B..Feb.
John
Bardmann,
1...May
Mary
„John
1834.
8a3r:_
2,
4,
4bt.amr.a.]na.mes C„Johann
1Zern
and
Susanna
Barrit,
8a..Oct.
Erasmus
2t8h.20,
21,
a.rHe.inDr.eiac.h
Sophia
Maria
Baldi,
..Feb.
x„Маг.
Anna
„and
wife.
Bucher
1748.
D7i427,
25,
e8t.riJ.cahcob
Barth,
Jonathan.
wife.
CMar.
Andreas
and
Voegle
Jan.
..Peter
aAt1,
n23,
1755.
hdarei.ansa
Eand
FlBär
Maria
Bär,
Feb.
Мау
rilsiaesb15,
1774..
20,
1774.
datbeh.rPeti.hce.r
1Baldi,
and
Maria
wife.
Jürger
„Jürg
Anna
.Sept.
.,Sept.
728,
1746.
8,
46. J.acob
Linsenbigler.
Matilda
Annie
Louisa
..Feb.
1869...May
and
mother.
..Т11с
Barret,
128,
8699,
. .Er.asmus
Ebeth.
lisabeth.
епа.
8Lz 211i 022A] павиан uUJâllln'I '113.01110
Bartz,
Adam
Johann
F.Joh.
GS.June
and
Schmidt
r.Aug.
26,
euisre22,
1750.
adtneraì.ucdh. Hanna
Bastress,
Loretta
B..John
Ed
Theresa
and
E....Jan.
1820
8,
Peter
rleinsdalbie.ntg.her WEand
BeEliza
.David
lEuBatz,
Anna
..Jan.
and
iJan.
lrAsciba27,
1771.
sh10,
raeblthre.adtmh
Daniel
Bartmann,
C.Jacob
Sophia
and
BYost
..Johan
..Feb.
a1807.
16,
t8rh0t31,
a7mr.in..aMay Bartmann,
Hanna
EMaria
wife
B„Michael
.Adam
and
l..Dec.
Jan.
a1798.
irst22,
a20,
1799.
hbmeat.nh. Bastian,
Anthony
Maria
BGeiger
A..June
..Andrew
and
1al7brn4e17,
bt1749.
30,
r9oat.nri.naJu.suly
Ewife
Bartmann,
BMaria
.Michael
.Adam
and
l.Aug.
Мау
a1796.
irsbtz5,
19,
ambraen.th
wife.
Schmid
Barbara
Jacob
..Philipp
and
.Adam
B.Aug.
Jacob.
Phillipp
..Sept.
ar1773.
5,
19,
thm.an , Bartman,
Josua
C„Tobias
.Sept.
Sophia
A.Jacob
and
May
1818..
a1819.
ltbh29,
23,
raeic.n.hat. Bartman Bastress,
Luisa..
Susanna.
and
Markly
.Benjamin
Susanna
E.April
‚Меч.
.Peter
l16,
1825.
1826.
is15,
abe.th
Maria.
Bartmann,
Sophia
.Michael
and
Ca._Jan.
B.Jacob
Sept.
1801.
8,
1302.
trht31,
amrain.a Bartmann,
James
Barbara
Sell
..Philip
Maria
1..Sept.
and
Burger.
8011,
29,
9...JOochtn. Mand
1..Feb.
Sophia
..John
Cath.
BYost
a8r1g1,
3t11,
a.mr.ae.Jnta.Jhcuaolby
Mary.
and
Fillman
1Bartolet,
.Anna
Alfret
..July
816,
A3b920,
r.ah..JaSmoehptn. Bartman,
Johannes
.April
BSophia
126,
and
Bartman
..Adam
a8r0b524,
.ar.J.aSe.cpotb.
Gottlieb
Bartmann,
Sophia.
Barbara
..Jacob
and
1..May
Bartman
815,
915,
...Jouhne CE.John
and
Fröhn
Anna
Bats,
.April
alFtirhsa15,
1745.
erdbienr.atihc
Bartmann,
Jacob
Maria.
Sophia
and
Schmidt
..Jacob
1..Aug.
1803.
.June
80414,
3,
. ..]acob Bastian,
Anthony
wife.
A.Маг.
Maria
and
Geiger
..April
.Anthony
lA26,
bne1747.
3,
drtrie.nas. Bastian,
Michael
wife.
..July
Bastian
.Michael
A..Sept.
Maria
and
lA16,
bne1744.
174.4.
drt-,ie.nas. Bastick,
William
wife.
.Dec.
.Loeser
and
1762.
.Man
Mary
1763.
FWri1,
27,
eldri..acmk
CPBorn.
Baptized.
Sponsors.
hairlednrtesn. Bartmann,
Jacob
..Jacob
Maria.
1...May
Barbara
and
Achy
..Jan.
1821.
8214,
4,
1. .John Bastian,
Magdalena
..Dec.
Glass
wife.
A.Andrew
„Martin
and
.May
l6,
b1752.
e1753.
r—,
t.i.na
Behner.
Bartolet,
wife
1Sarah
and
.8..Jan.
4P9a1,
13,
B.reA.nbt.rAsap.hraîml Bartmann,
Johannes
.Michael
Maria
and
Marg
..Oct.
1803..
.Dec.
1803.
Pa2,
r10,
en.ts. Daniel
Bastress,
Betz
..Dec.
Eand
1.l8i1P14,
8sa15,
4.r.ebPne.tD.seh.rc. monia. Bastress,
Johannes
..Feb.
.Eand
18,
l8Pi1a8s15,
7r.aebPn.e.t.sDeh.rc. Bastress,
Peter
Eand
„Маг.
.126,
.Dec.
1823.
l8iP2sa33,
r.ebn.e.tPseh.ter ‚Margaretha
.Nov.
and
EР.Feb.
Batz,
Clаhiк1772.
1773.
r23,
12,
sеiasтbt.аei.tanh
weeks.)
(aged
4
1517 fo 'rutsydvg 6Lz
johannes
Batz,
Feb.
.April
.Johannes
El.George
and
27,
S1773.
i14,
cshand
Maria.
Anna
aw.ebien.thnrd C..April
Bauer,
a.jacob
Barbara
and
1758.
вшита
.Johannes
t16,
Liebegut.
Eva
and
h9,
arin.a
Noll
Michael
wife
M1BBaumann,
..]oh.
and
Anna
ar7ab r4a.63o,
gF.eab r28J,.e1a74t6c.hoMabr. E.Samuel
Reigner.
C.Bauman,
and
Wenzel anbrie.tnlah ENoll
Augustus
..Dec.
1829
la1829.
itDsh12, Mand
CaBauman,
1Nov.
Anna
lra7git4rseh93,
15,
ta.br.ei]VDtnalehcnoti.bn
Hennrich
wife
Weidner.
Maria
and
Schmidt
..Samuel
Baumann,
-Martin
Rosina
.june
OCt~
6,1793-
24,. Jacob
Bauman,
1777..Mar.
wife
„Jacob
grand
Susanna,
and
1..Mar.
Bauman
7 30,
22,
7. J.aeob MBaumann,
wife
Jacob
„..Nov.
and
Shirm
..0ct.
.Isaac
1784.
Susanna
aHge14,
11,
dnarlie.cnha. EBender.
Baumann,
George.
Rosina
and
Foegley
Johann
..Sept.
1Oct.
wife
..Georg
1784-
l7i84s31,
4,
.ab.eMat.rhtin
ElAug.
Maria
Batz,
.Abraham
1776.
wife
and
i„George
sScand
Maria.
a19,
hbwei.tnh.ard George
Schick
.Ludwig
wife
Bauer,
Maria.
Anna
and
.Moses
Barbara
..Dec.
1787.
28,
..Oct.
9,. CKühle
wife
Wilhelm
MChrist.
and
._Ioh.
Baum,
....Мау
a.Nov.
tlh15,
1795.
22,
ya.ri.n.a] cob
..April
CBaumann,
wife
and
Bart
..Feb.
Margareth
.Jacob
..Peter
18,
at1754.
h15,
arin.e. Voegeli
E..April
PBauman,
...]an.
Rosina
„George
and
1782.
lhiMs24.,
1,
laibrpet.ihna.
.April
HBaumann,
johannes
E1815.
David
Sarah.
and
Oct.
.George
a1814.
lrit3o,
9, 9.-H.enry .July
srabne.fth Salome.
John
Baumann,
Schwenk
„Вес.
...Dec.
„George
and
1839.
8,
18327,
Rebecca Bauman,
EWenzel
`lohn
..Daniel
and
Mar.
C1841.
laiSts4,
9,
ahbamerut.ihen.le
..Samuel
Henry
Baumann,
1and
„Ноу.
Cath
Baumann
Cath.
6,
83 5,
.2.Da.nМieаlу
wife.
BS18"-
Jacob
R-1„Пес-
„Jacob
and
26.
3eau1Hn013.
semanirFn¢n~-b.cga"he.r
Iohannes
Bauer,
Huß
Cwife.
and
.Moses
.Augustus
Feb.
May
1758.
at1757.
15,
14,
har.ine
.Baumann,
Coplin
Ellen.
Daniel
C1..Mar.
and
8_a3St79,
23,
ha.7m.ruDiae.]nluiely Fredrich Maria.
wife.
and
Antes George
Stofllet
Baumann,
1„Меч.
Maria
„George
and
84512,
3,
4.. A.b.r]ahnam.
Noll.
Glor.
Gand
..Anna
Anna
M1Bauman,
A.
lo7ar5.r25,
27,
1.c.re.]t.0aDchte.ocb.
Mills.
EBauerle,
and
.Daniel
Hannah
C.April
18o5.
1805.
la.Oct.
itsh24,
23,
abrei.tnha
EWelcome
mother.
„The
Baughman,
Geo.
and
187x..John
Feb.
l1871...May
is13,
22,
abe.th
Barbara. parents.
FBatz,
Rosa
„June
.Aug.
.Irwin
Hettie
land
.oPr2,
13,
1903.
aern.cte.s. Miller.
Edward
Bauman,
1..Sept.
Sarah
.and
8P231,
27,
a9r.e.nHDt.es.ncr.y EBauman,
Cand
1..Mar.
.lh8irP0s15,
25,
ia6rs.betn.iJt.]nashuc.noeb
CE.Jacob
MBauman,
Anna
and
Oct.
la6,
itr25,
1744.
shgabrei.tnhaa.
Washington.
08e QILL там JQILOHÜH “042111717 ‘ЧЁЦИЧЭ
and
Lutz
Julianna
and
Rader
„Jacob
Eva.
1Baus,
Barbara
Anna
and
..Feb.
6,
751755.
25,
. ..April and
Nicolas
Sweyer
Cleans,
НСШ'У
Johann
Bayer»
--Maf-
WSS-HMM»
..Henry
l753--Jacob
Barbara
and
25,
3,-. Kihle.
John
and
Refd.,
Kihle,
.Eland
Mary
.Edward
it1764.
hMay
.Feb.
1764.
aBealy,
John
b20,
e15,
.th ..
Caand
BtGeorge
Maria.
..Joh.
eJohannes
Bhand
F.Jan.
Anna
1782 ednmeamr.na.icnk, EMaria
iardyiro, mVoegele
and
C..Feb.
Samuel
Baydeman,
wife
aand
118,
et7hra8i7nca.h.G.eMorageye
Eand
lRePhilip
iMaria
sKopling
and
f1Bauman,
Samuel
a8..Sept.
cb118,
h2en.te4,
.hidS.earOm.ucetl. Cwife
and
Fedeli
aMichael
C„July
Elisa-
Bayer,
tand
1.Aug.
Margarath
1758.
ah7ta5h20,
8r3,
.ainrMai.ncheael Ewife
land
i..Philipp
Bayer
Hanna
Bay",
l„АПЕ-
Maria
wife
sand
!7a9b529,
10,
4eft~hV.a.~пl-eantin
Maria.
Anna
and
Voegely
„George
Rosina
Samuel
Baumann,
1..Nov.
and
808220,
0.13,
1M.ar.tJiunne Eand
lS..Benjam.
ic1Baus,
Nancy
..Mar.
and
sEva
h7a9nbe24,
9.it.dAhNpe..ric1o2l9., Band
Döringer
aBElisa-
raMargareth
band
.r„Ноу.
„July
a8,
1767.
nBayer,
Susanna
rMhai17,
.crhdae.l
Mafia
Anna
and
Voegly
„John
EBaumann,
Maria
and
1..Aug.
l8i1s22,
723,
a.7b.eG.tNohrgve. wife.
and
Esq.,
Reichert,
.Joh.
„July
1„Аид.
Sara
and
Michael
Bayer,
1801.
8013o,
10,
. H.ei.n.
Saara.
and
R„wife
BMeand
Hanna
Maria
.Feb.
1796.
aiFtryc29,
14,
idhedirma.tisnch, wife.
and
SGeorge
wElisa-
Margareth
e.Michael
and
1760..May
1761.
Sahra
._Nov.
Bayer,
inxo,
h21,
art.
Rebecca.
and
Smith
„Reuben
Hettie
CBaumaster,
and
Joseph
1h16,
8a6r21,
6l.e.sO.J.cotAs.uegp.h wife.
and
Elisa-
Wartman
Adam
Philip
Joh.
Bayer,
1.,Oct.
Margaret
and
7542,
15,
3..-M.i.cJhuanel Eand
liBear
.Peter
zEaand
lFried.
bie1781.
.Dec.
zt1781.
.Aug.
EahBear,
2,
l.b.25,
ietz..hab.eth
LiEva
Anna
ebenguth.
SMH-‘0"
CPBhBorn.
aiprldterifezmne.d. WCElisa-
EМ..Feb.
Bayer,
1haland
а7riх5s17,
27,
t2-a.mзtbaMi.eаntг.¢haMсaа¢yl]
Miller.
Salome
Keeler.
.Hettie
Band
Нет:
1..April
8aH7ue124,
m13,
t.a.siJ.toeAsuergp,.h
.Cand
1..April
Sarah
Baumann,
a8Pt3a5hr29,
9,
.5aenr.tiD.snaAeuige.l .wife
Baumann,
..April
and
Susanna
118,
P7a9r2,
4e.n.t.Is Aaugc. .wife
Anna
Eva
Baus,
..April
..Nicol.
Feb.
and
1798.
Pa12,
r7,
ent.s . .wife
Aug.
and
Michael
Magdalena.
Michal
Feb.
PBayer,
ar1772.
4,
1,
ent.s.
(Bauman.
il egitimate).
beth. beth. beth. beth. beth.
шт jo ‘ванадия 182
l\1aria
and isab.eth Philip
Martin
Anna
and
Maria
ElJäger
._Eva
Niclas
and
Jäger. Jacob
Maria.
Anna
and
.Henrich
Engel,
Refd.,
Eand
lisabeth Cand
Johanna
h.John
Knabb
B.
Friesdteira.cnke.
Christ.
and Dand
Joh.
Anna
CSpecht
Bar-
EiMayer.
hleritseartbiecathn
Richard
Maria
wife
.and
Vogel
FMrairegdear.iechta. Barbara
and
Johannes
„Ludwig
Schit l.er
Kalb,
CMarga-
and
Jacob
Beringer
Nicol.
Johann
wife.
atharina .John
Barbara
and
Ebly
..Jacob
„July
GBehner,
Behner.
Jacob
..Sept.
er1749.
30,
24,
tra.ut
Henrich
M„Johannes
and
Sophia
Baus
Beck.
argare.tha
Kuehler,
single.
both
Luth.,
Heinrich
Margaretha
and
Schick
.Ehrhard
Regina.
. Barbara
and
.Johannes
wife.
S.June
Johannes
Behner,
‚Аид.
c18,
26,
hn1751.
eid.er
ElSauder
isabeth CJohn
and
Maüthlaerni.bnerg.
Maria
..Anna CJohn
and
Maria
M..Anna
aüthlaernib.nerg. MC..Anna
1Mary
and
Sept.
üaBehner,
Susanna
7ht4l10,
9ae.rnib.Jne0r.hg.n
CKcbner.
and
Johannes
.Аппа
athari.ne
Barbara
and
Johannes
Ebly
wife.
..Jac0b. Johann
Barbara
and
Ebly
wife.
„Jacob. CMaria
1..Anna
and
Ringer.
.July
a7.Mar.
Behner,
26,
o8,
5tn0hs.t1744.
a.rnJito.nhan.es
CRinger.
and
..Johannes
M.July
Maria
aBehner,
8,
gtMdha1750.
1739.
1o,
lgrednia.nlaeJnulay
EJäger.
lisabeth
1SSamuel
Barbara
and
..John
Behner,
„Вес.
7c5h3n.1753
1,
e,iJdoe.hra.n es
single.
both
C.The
and
.Johannes
mother.
.July
Johanna
Behner,
aMar.
8,
th1747.
17,
1750.
arin.a
»Joseph
Lydia
and
.Parent.s. Lydia
and
Joseph
. Paren.ts. Harry
Agnes
and
„Paren.ts
Níartin
Anna
nnd
Maria
Anna..
retha. bara.
age.)
0f
(13
yrs. age.)
of
(18
yrs. (15
age.)
of
yrs.
.April
1746.
zB,
April
28,
1746.. April
16,
1775..
Jan.
26,
1755., 30, Sept.
Aug.
1862.. 1776..
15, Nov.
18,
1744.. 7,. Aug.
Oct.
1882. 26,
1750.. Nov.
1794.. Oct.
30, 14, May
29,. Dec.
1876. 1902.. 1762.. 1750... Sept.
20, July
8, 1749..
10, 5, Sept.
Sept.
1756... 1749..
10,
Jan.
26,
1755..
EBecher,
Eva
Маг.
l16,
1746.
isabet‚.h Bechdolt, April
Behner
1762.
20,.
ElFeb.
Becher,
isa1745.
1,
be.th FOct.
Johann
r6,
ie1754.
deríc.k. derick.e. July
FBeck,
Emma
Dec.
r1861.
îe13, Heinrich
Beck,
1776.
10,. Nicol
Johann
Beck,
Oct.
6,1744.. 1775.. ..Aug.
Sophia
Feb.
Beck,
26, Martha
Ella
Becker,
1882..
12,. .July
lChristian
Joh.
Becker,
1750...
21, FBecker,
Joh.
Sept.
rie1794.
d13,
eric.h. July
7,. Alice
Becker,
Agnes
Mary
1876. Sadie
Becker,
Sept.
1902...
13, CBehner,
Anna
Маг.
ath19,
1741..
arin.e. EDec.
Behner,
li5,
1754.
sabe.th EBehner,
July
Eva
l1756.
is29,
abe.th
EBehner,
lisabe.th Gertraut
Behner,.
zgz HILL maN 12КЪОИ0Н “019111717 ‘1.19.01110
Ewife
and
lCB..George
E.ima1789.
...April
.George
el8,
stia.hse12,
bdare.btiFmhnctea.hbna. , Lengler.
Beiteman,
Angenes
and
Gilbert
MMargreth
Anna
11753..July
..George
7a5r3c.29,
19,
reFtrhi.ed.er]iucnhe George
Beiteman,
1FLengler.
EGilbert
and
r7FlMar-
Ii5re722,
George23,
i4d5se.ardibeScrGketi.pcAhotukrg.e
F1815..Nov.
Beiteman,
ACD.26,
1and
r8uai1Fgtl5er23,
hu.diaseFrdtcire.kdnicAeankr.uciehgck. Beiteman
Beiteman,
M„Johannes
and
Johannes
.1810.
Susanna
.Man
.May
6,
arHge7,
anrei.tcha. Salome.
wife
RMFe1a6,
and MBr„May
i8tea0citdh20,
0.eihrn.aiGmtJcs.eah0unrlgy,e
Geiger
Maria.
.EDBeideman,
Anna
andJohann
.April
il28,
DFeirdse7,
1771.
darebircei.htchJan. CBS.and
Elisa-
Cath
Sept.
‚Маг.
.George
ceh28,
1829.
16,
1830.
aMriwtoecsitlhniamhnea.rnlt , Cand
D.aBC.Aug.
Maria
and
.George
1807.
FJune
tealrhtiea3o,
hdt3,
raecirkniem.cnrahen,
Cand
Hh.Leonh.
aMMaria
BJohn
Aug.
1812.
reaitrs11,
geainramf.etnha,
EBand
..Nov.
„11810..May
28,
Cath
Maurer
le8Hi1es19,
tnaebrmeiGat.ecnho.r,ge Maria.
.BSr.,
Bickel,
and
Ludwig
FNov.
Cath
H1820.
1819.
e26,
rientdreinrc.mhan, Salome.
H..David
and
aMargaretha
rand
1t.Aug.
8Rebecca
Br2ea2,
3i0n9,
.tfe..tnNmo].vao.nhn,
Cand
Ba.G.
eCtiand
.ha.April
tF1826.
Jan.
reReuben
Bhinaem2,
rdiae..ntrei.anch.man,
CBG.
and
1Mrs.
„Мг.
ae„Мау
18,
8ti0hm12,
2ea-n.rmiGaSne.ao.prtg.e BMaria.
Daniel
..April
and
.Aug.
1818.
C1818-
e..Peter
18,
..George
raiet2,
nhedanlrmia.ngane,r Y 'S-nl.
wife.
Pfeiffer
„Emanuel
and
CIacob
Beicht,
Emanuel
„July
a18,
1765..
t7h624,
5a.ri..nSe pt. Francis Beiteman,
Francis
1B..,May
CM26,
and
8eaLF1et
-it11,
rFuxor.hte.damera.iArnu.cakg. Maria.
and
Burkert
.George
C..April
B1822.
Maria
.Feb.
Fa8,
ertihe13,
adirenim.nackn,
and
Hannah
.,Hiram
Emma.
Beideman,
Reuben
Annie
..Feb.
11871..
8727,
1,
0. ..Jan. Band
Louisa
„LKurz
Sarah.
C1ieMa8dit3d2h11,
23,
at.e.hrmGia.e.nJAoapsurng,iel BEdwin
Maria.
R1..Sept.
and
e..Peter
28,
Cath
8i1.7,
t-7ceF.hrniaemdJr.autinch,e Beiteman,
SJosua
and
Binder
„Jacob
P.
C..Feb.
...George
..Dec.
1828.
u1827.
a6,
sta5,
hnrian.a
CPBorn.
Baptized.
Spontan.
hairledrnetne.
CB1Meyers.
„.ae..Nov.
1824.
and
8CtiFa2h7,
r27,
t3iaeh.rnedimrMnai.caerh. CBeitemann,
Esther
.July
1826.
hBinder.
„.Gem-gc
Cath
and
rCihs15,
20,
rtinsat.iA.‚_nprail
Beideman,
F1876.
Henry
Feb.
Hannah
and
PReuben
Oct.
are29,
5,
mnots. Sallie
Beideman,
.July
and
Nov.
.Reuben
PHannah
1877.
ar25,
5,
ent.s. Beiteman,
John
Hannah
and
..Reuben
Mar.
1873.
8,
1872.
Par2,
ent.s. Beiteman,
..Reuben
Lyman
Hannah
and
.Aug.
‚Маг.
1879.
16,
Pa31,
rent.s.
gareth. Maria.
beth.
15.17 jo 'swsydvg Sgz
SAnna
and
Mosis
Binder.
1MMarg.
„1812.
Erb
Bender,
.Aug.
u28,
8Ha1sre4,
2gn.arnOi.cetah. a. .Johannes
EМау
and
Maria
..April
Anna
gBender,
Anna,
Bender
l1879:.
.Moses
ria1779.
23,
sn9,
adbpaer.tehnts. 1MMaria.
George
Susanna
and
„Jacob
SBender,
„Michael
Anna
i7cha23,
1771.
oel7,
.n.e.c.Fkeb.rb. !78!..AUg.
Maria
Henrich
Bender,
„June
Susanna
and
I781..Jac0b
S28,
Anna
„cНh12,
еlтon-eНc.с‚_k}e.r .April
Catharina
CMaria
Mar.
1746.
Joh.
Bender,
.hJohn
Margareth
and
Walter
Ar20,
l31,
iesxtain.adner Stebel
lune
and
Schedler
M1Bender,
Sara
George
Joh,
7a4g7d20,
.alFerniae..der.ic]koh. -APl'ìl
Schlon
»Feb-
C1776-
Bender,
JHCOb
l776-
8»
and
JOhann
Bender
Susanna
-Iacob
.Johannes
atS»
hari~n.e
Maria
and
1Belz.
Iacob
CBelz,
..April
„8hG0ro10,
Sehler 2,
3id.sf.tr_i.IneМoadаh.у
Beiteman,
Samuel
.Henrich
.Oct.
and
1Susanna
1813.
a6,
8.Samuel
1B17,
3und
Ce.aît.h.e1ar)m.iсana. xwife
C.Anton
and
Bender
1784.
.a7Netz
..Mar.
26,
t8.h11,
4aC.roin]ra.neud.ly and
C1..Sept.
wife
a..Aug.
Conrad
Bender,
tNetz
7ah9t12,
ri2,
1791.
1hna.r.АiCnтo.a0r.1d у ..April
1778..June
1EBender,
Iohannes
and
Susanna
Bender
..]ohannes
7li7,
25,
s8a.be.t.]ha.eob
wife.
I1..Aug.
HGeorge
and
Margareth
Joh.
Bender,
7e„George
5i65-3,
n6.t.zCeh.lrmiO.sactnita.n
E.William
and
Dec.
1859.
.Emanuel
lSusanna.
.Oct.
Bender
Amanda
Allen
Bender,
is11,
3,
abe.t.h
Band
Sarah
1..Aug.
Cath
26,
e.Samuel
8Band
Cath.
i1e9,
t5ie.tne.Gm.eaNonrvg,.e Cand
1.EF..Aug.
Bender,
a7Kurz
lrteiM5,
3hdsì.aec.rbhiAe.aScnteahp.lotn. Cand
a.,Conrad
Netz
xt1Michael
and7„Ост.
Bender,
ha7.7,
21,
ra7ir.niA.e.nDt.aheocny.
..Aug.
M26,
wife.
johannes
1Bender,
Anna
and
Klein
a7r5g31753.
a5,
~reCthr~ij.sothian es Anna.
and
C..Moses
Bender
.Anthony
..Aug.
..Sept.
aBender,
Moses
th12,
1779.
1,
ari.na
.Band
wife
Sarah
.Oct.
Nov.
183x.
1831.
Fe.Henry
6,
wife.
Gilbert
ri21,
tedemrai.cnh ,
Beitenmann,
Sarah
.July
Sept.
and
„John
1810.
Margaretha
.BCe4,
9,
aitehnam.rain a.
.July
C.Antony
and
Maria
Anna
1782..
Bender,
„June
1782.
28,
aBender.
..Anna
th22,
ari.ne Judith.
and
Poh
„Levi
1xMahlon
Esther
8Bender,
..Mar.
61.125,
31,
.Sam].u'.eul y
Bender.
Beltz,
CMar.
and
.Jacob
Hanna
Oct. raernitn.sa. April
.aPt17,
1770.
1771.
ah15, CBeltz,
and
.Jacob
Jacob
1761.
26,
a‚tРhакa-rсi.тnаa. .June
Eand
Eliese
.„April
1864.
Bender,
Anna
li.W5,
Ps23,
ialrbein.tahsm. 1859...May
1..Feb.
Hedy
and
Bender,
„Ракета,
8529,
9x5,
. Sa._mnel Rader. ecker. Beckie
and
1869...Eli
.1868..May
8,
Andora
26,
Laura
Bender,
.Pa.renDte.sc.
(aged
weeks
don.
2
to-mor ow.)
’vgz @ILL там JPNLOIIUH 1401211]??? '({JJYULQ
CErb
Eck
and
1Berger,
George
.._Ioh.
Peter
Ioh.
Margareth
a._Nov.
7t8h112,
09,
a.r.Sin.gAemugn.d Linsen
Маг.
Maria
Anna
Jacob
Berney,
„Вес.
and
Binder
.Jacob
1767.
8,
1768.
Barbara
27,. Land
CAgatha
iFeb.
Carl
Bersy,
Jacob
.]oh.
Cunìgunta
aand
Fn6,
Anna
rtseh25,
1753.
danerbign.claker
Berly,
Geiger.
Antoni
Joh.
..June
Barbara
and
Geiger
..Dec.
.Antoni
1748.
M5,
1747.
22,
alch.er Cand
aRenninger
.Solomon
tand
Ida.
1.Sept.
RBertolet,
hGrant
8e1893.
an9r17,
3i30,
.nge._.rI.ohMnay
wife
Sand
E1.April
Bender
„Jacob
Susanna
Bender,
ul..Mar.
1783.
7si8a20,
39,
n.bea.tJhoh. r`ln‚-rln \-.
Cand
Bender
1Bender,
.Susanna
aMoses
..Sept.
t7hA9an817,
22,
rti.onan1.J)oеhс. CGilbert
and
aJulian
George
Bengels,
July
Bengels
..George
t1780..-
ha30,
rine.
Esther.
and
Nester
Samuel
Esther
..Samuel
Bender,
..0ct.
Mar.
1856.
A1855.
br5,
23,
aha.m Schnell.
Salome
Band
Sarah
C1„1и1у
Fuchs,
„John
8ae1tr119,
.h4,
n0aHh.eranir..ndcMaht,y
wife.
and
Benkes
Jesse
Benkes,
„.Peter
1„Мот
Sara
1807.
A8n013,
10,
d7r.e.Daesc. MErb
and
C1Bernhart,
...John
.Henry
James
..0ct.
a8,
1837.
8r3t7,
6gh.ar.ie.nFtaehb. Holder.
Michael
Henry
Benkus,
.Iohannes
Eva.
and
Kolb
E1„Меч.
.Peter
1801.
18,
l8Miо12,
sca.hbae].аt1hl . Maria.
1Zephania
and
CBernhart,
Dress
.,June
„Peter
8a2t27,
89,
h.ar.iJ.]nouahlyn
Spontan.
CBaptized.
PhaBorn.
irlednrtens. wife.
.ECМау
and
Fuchs
.Jacob
Bernhard,
_l1805.
aHites5,
hianbrei.tncha Mahala
Berret,
Aug.
S.C11826...
and..Мау
ua8sHt213,
eh1,
6an.rni.Jacn.oah n
1H._Jacob
Berne,
..]ап.
Frôhn.
7and
Barbara
Anna
ei2721,
19,
.nr.iAJ.cpahrciolb
büchler.
CBender,
Markley.
Stephen
.Jacob
Anna
and
PS.
Sept.
a1857.
ro20,
2,
elnitns.e Willie
Bender,
.,Eli
Ann
Rebecca
and
1...Mar.
1872.
8,
8P7a17,
2r.entS.se.pt. C1..Aug.
Herman
Benner,
.and
18,
a8tP2a9,
h6ra.er.ni_St.nIseao.phtn. C.and
Bertolet,
Abraham
1...Mar.
..]an.
a86,
1883.
Pra13,
o3rl.enitHn.soa.mer and
Abraham
PAnn
ESept. anbte.st.h and
Bertolet,
1и1у
1853
alriez17,
1, Elsie
Bertolet,
.John
.Ida
May
.April
.June
1886.
P18,
1888.
ar5,
ent.s. .and
Ida
.Sept.
.John
Florence
Bertolet,
.july
Par27,
1901.
15,
ents.. .Samuel
.Malinda
and
MBertolet,
Hannah
Nov.
1873.
POct.
8,
arle3o,
intn.sd.a. PMalinda
and
Samuel
aJan.
Abraham.
Hiram
Bertolet,
r1879.
May
1878.
6,
en5,
ts.. „and
..Albert
Mary
P„July
1868.
a8,
Bertolet,
1Minerva
Ida
8r6en10,
.t.sNo.v
hert.
1BConrad
..Dec.
Barbara
Anna
and
7e18,
7r7,
1on.i.nAg]..paercio,bl
(il e11gitimate).
(aged
mos.)
Aand
„July
„„April
Miller.
1Betz,
Kezia
wife
M6,
n79at4r9,
1791.
o.b,
gna.irAu.enstohnay xMiller.
E.Kezia
1„June
7and
6,
Betz,
г,‘
z89eM649,
a.crh.giAre.npltroihnlay N.April
..Feb.
Miller.
Betz,
Kezia
wife
and
Margretha
.Anthony
1789..
6,
23,. e».
1794. 1.July
CMaria
Beyer,
.„and
6,
1814.
Anna аh.nкarе,Miтa.cаnrah. 1807..Mar.
8aH0Рt2exo, Swife
„Widow
1..Jan.
Hanna
Beyer,
and
c8h0œ
n23,
714,
e.idSea.rmu.el ‚ё
Maria
..Nov.
1799..Mar.
1Beyer,
Anna
and
.8,1P4zo,
25,
a.reHnt.rsi.ch „July
.Aug.
Е"
Michael
wife.
Beyslime,
._Ioh.
and
Hörner
joh.
C-Andreas
Marg.
a1755.
t10,
11,
hari.ne. MBickel
Maria
and
„johannes
Benjamin
Bickel,
1a..Dec.
88,
g2d9825,
a.l.N
eF.]neobah.an
Bertolet,
Samuel
.Sept.
Augustus.
..Samuel
Malinda
and
C..Nov.
Markley
.Augustus
1870.
6,
harlot .e
1Lidia
Bickel,
._June
Bickel
Abraham
1834.-]onas
and
Meyer.
8„Henry
Anna
324,
4. .A.ug. ESand
.lRebecca
Benjamin
Bickel,
t.Oct.
.Sept.
iH1820.
äseadn5,
10,
btrelitehc.rh.
wife.
C.Augustus
and
Markley
.Samuel
Malinda
Sallie
Bertolet|
.June
.May
h1876.
ar2,
25,
lot .e. C..David
1David
and
Roth
Bettman,
..]ап.
Hanna
a8t0h27,
25,
4a.ri_.nI.Doase.cp.h 18H-»July
Bickcl,
Аагоп
1„маг-
28,
Gilbert
E„Jacob
Maria
and
8li315.
s9a~bet~.H›he.nry Bickel
Achy.
wife
..]е5а1а
Ann
and
Bickel,
.Levy
Rebecca
Anna
1..Mar.
28,
1847.
8422,
7..Aug.
CSchick
1and
Maria
.Samuel
..Frk.
..Jan.
Cath
hB81816.
r1ei6t14,
2,
s.etni.mAa.pnril, Reigner
Susan.
.Daniel
„Jacob
and
Esther
1836..May
Bickel,
..Mar.
1836.
Mary
Amanda
24,.
21,
1„Jacob
Kate.
and
Henry
Malinda
Bertolet,
1881..Aug.
H8e1n.r30,
\Varren15.
yS.am.u.elMay Bickel,
1839
Bickel
wife.
Amanda
..Mar.
1839..
and
„Jeremías
„Henry
Rebecca
14,.. wife.
and
Bickel
1.April
Rebecca
„Нету
A8..Mar.
Bickel,
n1839.
39a.14,
m]ienr.teamias
CHouck.
....April
1866..July
.Samuel
Grant.
Ulysses
Bertolet,
Malinda
and
S.
„Ann
a28,
1866.
th23,
arin.e
..April
Miller.
Jacob
1..Aug.
Kezîa
wife
.and
Betz,
6,
79M41793.
a1,
.rg.Aa.nrteotnhy
are.n.t.s Bertolet,
Bertolet,
lohn
26,
Sept.
May
and
.John
1906.
6,
Ida
P1905. Lizzie
Kate
.Sept.
.April
1886.
28,
and
.John
x887.
8,
Ida
.Pare.n.ta. Bertolet,
Helena
Mabel
Jan.
.John
Ida
and
1890.
Sept.
P6,
a31,
ren.ts. Bertolet,
Annie
Sarah
Nov.
„John
.Jan.
Ida
.and
1897.
1898.
Pa25,
3,
rent.s. 1881..Aug.
Caroline
William
Bertolet,
„June
18,Pzo,
.and1a30,
.reHnotm.se.r „April
.Mar.
Sarah
Beyer,
M!and
1796.
Anna
a8r1ia425,
xo,
. .HPeair.enrtsi.ch 1IJHM
C.and
Amanda
Bickel,
8Susanna
a4t30|
F13»
>°ha0-reniNJt.0aseV.c-ob C..David
.and
Anna
Bickel,
a11848.
26,
t8,hahP4r20,
ia7nre.ein..]teDsac.n. 8?
Bickel,
F.8r8,
1Benjamin
Martha
and7a8P0n6a.k13,
r7l.eiBn.et.nsMj.Aaumrgi.n
1Susanna
„Ане.
Beyer,
8and
Maria
Anna
013
2,
10,
54. .Hen.Мrаi.1ch.
Anna.
98Z 3111 тем .lâfLOuDH uülâqln'î '119111110
CE1Bickel,
Daniel
S.a8lcm2thi1Hn9,
and uea.inrlDb.ahSeni..atcrep.htlMa.y Bickel,
w.s30, Daniel
„Меч.
.Mar.
Maria
Bickel
..Daniel
Yoerger.
.26,
1823.
Susanna
and
1822.
H23,
enri.ch ES1..Feb.
Bickel,
Bickel
Barbara
lcand
7..John
1ih7s30,
15,
ta.7b.let.Мr].htаhгсо.Ь Eand
Dl.Bickel,
E1..Peb.
a18,
1843-
iони
Cath.
and
.m8lsiaF4r20,
sbea3icl.bdtkeihrt.]n.rhcuak ne
Maria
R.john
Bickel,
.April
and
C.Nathan
Dec.
Magdalene
W1841.
e1840.
abtg19,
11,
heacnrhi.aon.rest 1Bickel,
Maria.
wife
Daniel
.Regina
and
Gilbert
..Sept.
79H10,
e95,
.in.Drai.Nncoihevl.
EStädtler
Bickel»
1„Лиду
land
8Maria
.16,
i132,
sH6aebn~ecrAtil-Ih.c1ahgcob
1C..April
Daniel
Bickel,
Barbara
and
.May
Dengler
16,
..Jacob
7a1765.
6t5hro,
.arLiun.da.wig Bickel,
David
..Dec.
CS1and
16,
Regina
..M.
ch8r1w27,
i0e.si.tDniahn].airue.tlne
E1and
Anna
Sl„Нету
..Aug.
8Ann
Bickel,
Cassy
..Jan.
1848.
ti48sä.a20,
t1,
b\eVlti.ehl.riam EMand
Bickel,
D¢C
lBickel
Regina
Daniel
.john
aig29,
s1797
dable~ь«te.hna.
„Пап.
.Amanda
Susan.
and
Bickel
Curtis
Bickel,
..Harvey
1898.
Chester
Jan.
Nat30,
13,
hani.el Bickel,
E1827.
..Dec.
._Ian.
28,
l..Danìel
1826.
and
EBrauer
..Isac
ils10,
iasbaeb.teh.t.h BEsther
and
.Daniel
icLouisa
and
k.Jesse
Daniel.
Mar.
Ephraim
Bickel,
e1853.
Oct.
1852.
l5,
.21,
...
Maria
and
Maria.
.Henry
Reigner
..Jacob
1837..May
B..Jan.
Bickel,
1837.
ene14,
31,
vil.e 1and
Wiand
wife.
.Bickel,
C..May
6,
8a4tW513,
he.anr.diH.en]alurly Bickel,
Cath.
and
Buchen
.George
Ephraim
.May
E1829.
.Jan.
and
.Daniel
1829.
li24,
s30,
abe.t.h
Baptized.
Sponsors.
Ралли.
CBorn.
hildren. 185o..]uly
Bickel,
wife.
Daniel
..Mar.
Bickel
.C18a5tD11,
and 0ha.-,
nriD.aenvleid Mary.
and
Bickel
.John
Mary
and
April
Ephraim
Bickel,
.Henry
1833.
.]an.
7,
14,
..
Elisabeth
Bickel,
April
Feb.
wife.
1804.
8,
and
Bickel
.Ludwig
wife
.jacob
19,..‚_
Elias
Bickel,
1._Nov.
изо-„Папы
Bickel,
8Sr.
.and
Esther
29,
13,
D9a.n.îF.elb.
ESept
Bickel.
Магу
1lЕгЬ.
„wife
and
i8Ers.
slHia-sbPaeb-~th.er
Louisa
Clara
Bickel,
and
Esther
1..Jan.
mother.
..The
8720,
15,
1. .].Mсaзr.е
1..July
Amanda
and
Bickel,
.Bertha
May
90P1a10,
1,
.re.Hn.,atsAr.vuegy. 1and
Susan
Bickel,
Elias
.Aug.
Chester
...June
81872.
72P.11,
arNeatn.hasn.iel Bickel,
1Daniel
..Dec.
Susan
and
8.3P1,
25,
78a.re.nN.]tosa.cvo.b Bickel,
David
April
June
1835.
E8,
and
Solomon
lPia23,
rseanbte._s.h .April
Bickel,
Dorothy
Irene
Mar.
Amanda
and
.Harvey
.15,
1905.
7,
Paren.ts. Bickel,
Elemina
..Aug.
1825..Мау
1and
28,
Susanna
.8210,
P6a.ren].t._аsс.оь Ella
Bickel,
Cora
.June
.Mar.
18,
1864.
Martha
and
8.7P02, Parent._s. Bickel,
a.re.nB¢t.ns.jamin Naida
Bickel,
Emma
..Sept.
.May
1831.
1830.
26,
Susan
and
..jacob
21, Бета
.April
Emma
Jan.
.Daniel
1862.
Lydia
and
.P19,
a17,
rent.s_.
EN
.June
Bickel
Anna.
Levina
and
..Jacob
1840.
„William
Harrison
Bickel,
..Mar.
5,
14,. â
.April
H1798.
Bickel,
..Nov.
Susanna
and
._Ioh.
.ei1795.
19,
Fna-,
rtihec.rh. Bickel,
E1and
Isae
..0ct.
l.8i1s6Pa.1o,
bre.Dt—,
anhD.t.eisc.юl Cath.
Regina
11829..Feb.
Esther
Hanna
Bickel,
..Nov.
and
.830P9,
13,
.ar.eЬ
nDt.asn.iel NC1..Dec.
Hand
Bickel,
Meyer.
..Cath.
8a3rt21,
1,
87h.iae.rDtia.Jnvaeind. 1Nelson
..June
28,
Louisa
Bickel,
and
8Harry
.6P14,
2a.œ
r.eEnJpth.usrl.ayim 1876..July
Bickel,
..Mar.
Austin
Harvey
1Susan
and
‚ё
8.76P9,
13,
.arNeanth.asn.iel Bickel,
BMaria
and
Isaac
Feb.
April
.John
George
З
e1831.
it1,
14,
eman.
Bickel,
Esther
.Sept.
.and
1806.
Nov.
Maria
H16,
EVoegely
Ceand
4.,
Yager.
hlirnisr.aitbc.iehatnh BStichter
Carolina
\„John
1849..July
1849..John
and
Geo.
Bickel,
Mary
Veaishd22,
21,
inegtmoan.n..April
..April
Bickel,
.June
HMaria.
1828.
1828-
18,
.6,
Rebecca
and
Anna
Miller
e.Rev.
Jacob
-nHreinerti.cah
wife
Hennrich
Bickel,
..Feb.
E1792...May
and
Gilbert
Barbara.
126,
.6,
l7i9H:_
s2e.anbr.ei].tcahcob
.Henrich
Maria
Bickel
Magdalena.
and
May
.Johannes
Bickel,
Feb.
1803.
Hanna
11,
3,. Bickel,
FGilbert.
..Feb.
Henry
May
Rebecca
and
.Jeremías
1843.
S18,
Mary
r..Henry
ta21,
inckhlti.ner
Regina.
wife
MBickel
and
„Johannes
Hanna
Bickel,
„June
..Aug.
agda9,
1795.
lena.D.aniel Hiram
Bickel,
CHwife
1..Sept.
.1846.
and
h.John
8ar4i29,
.10,
6tsD.rtaiSvn.efiap.td .
Bickel,
Esther
..May
.Aug.
.1828.
María
and
Renninger
.Jacob
Hand
S27,
eu17,
nsrain.cha.
Bickel,
Hetty
..Feb.
1844...May
Maria
Judith.
.18\422,
and
Stichter
5,
Vi.l .i]aomhn
.Henrich,
FEBickel
Bickel,
Augustus.
Rebecca
and
Dec.
.June
.Jacob
Jr.,
1816.
1817.
rlies19,
22,
daebrit.chk. F1830..Dec.
Hiram
Bickel,
rBarbara.
E1iand
Huf
.e8ld3iFr5,
29,
0sc.ekad.brePNio.tcvher
..April
Heinrich
Bickel,
1811..May
1Liebengut
Maria
Eva.
and
..]асоЬ
1^
815,
15,
. .].acob 1..Sept.
Henrich
Bickel,
Bickel
Regina.
.81.62,
1817.
Maria...
..Daniel
and 14,
He.Fnerbi.c.h
Bickel,
Esther
Feb.
.April
.Johann
1801.
and
Magdalena
26,
.Jacob
a4,
Zei-r
Sus.an.a.
and
Bickel,
Fand
..April
1.Aug.
1830.
Mary
Bickel
r..Jacob
8a312,
on1,
.kl.iH.en ry .1.Sept.
Rebecca
and
..Jeremias
Gilbert
.Oct.
1846.
Bickel,
.John
Hetty.
Hanna
25,
5,.
H1848
Bickel,
Clara.
Aug.
Oct.
1848.
Bick¢l.
Martha
and
Bgnjamin
Harriet
en24,
1,
riet..‚_a
Bickel,
Aug.
Henry
Nov.
Bickel.
wife
and
.Levy
1846.
1843.
3o,
3,.
Bickel,
Rebecca
Fand
Henry
Sept.
Oct.
1831
6,
P1831.
rar10,
neknlti.sn. .F.Aug.
.Mar.
Jane
and
A.
Bickel,
A
P1864.
1865.
raer12,
13,
denrti.sc.k and
1Susanna
.Aug.
Bickel,
..Sept.
Georg
81809.
P0a924,
11,
r.enLtu.sd.wig .April
Bickel,
1861..June
C.Levi
Amanda.
Hannah
1861.
and
.aPt5*,
a3o,
23,
hraernit.n.se. arent..s. Bickel,
Irvin
Bickel,
Dec.
.Daniel
Lydia
Peter
Oct.
and
1865.
.P20,
21, Daniel
Irwin
April
Mar.
and
Kate
1906.
.Irwin
PP.
ar5,
3,
ent.s.
88z sul maN игьоипН ишачит] чртцд
Bickel.
Rosina
.Ludwig
Barbara
and
Bickel,
S.Eva
Jacob
..Dec.
Dec.
chMw1754.
i15,
29,
ecnha.erlt Bickel,
Johannes
..July
ESand
1.lw7ie15,
J7,
s9noa.hbaeJ..rntaAhcu.ogeb.s Bickel.
Judith
and
Stichter
.William
wife
and
.Jeremías
.Feb.
1841.
Lewis
Bickel,
Oct.
28,
1840.
29,
..
Bickel,
Adam
„July
1Johann
Maria
.Adam
and
Mäyer.
Krebs
..Joh.
Eva
16,
751754.
25,
4. .Aug.
NBickel,
Geiger
1Jacob
Margaret
and
.at8hFa4nr2,
Hanna. io25,
0el.de.Hr.iNDeocvnk.cr.y Bickel,
Johannes
Aug.
Oct.
wife
.Ludwig
and
Reigner
1805.
.Johannes
Susanna.
23,
20,.
Jesias
Bickel,
..July
MBickel
.June
Rebecca
and
.John
1823.
Haeg22,
24,
ndrail.cehna. EVoegely
Maria
and
Bickel,
1l.Peter
Jonas
.May
81801.
i0s3a22,
.11,
beHtih.nrich
E.John
and
Yerger
Bickel,
Isaac
l1832.
..0с&.
...Dec.
isa9,
10,
bet.h. Bickel,
Daniel
EBickel
and
A..Jacob
Jacob
1818
16,
luigusatubse.t..h.Dec. Jeremías
Bickel,
Feb.
.Мау
EMaria
and
Voegle
1814.
..Peter
lHie22,
s29,
nabreit.ch. EVoegle
Jeremías
Bickel,
Feb.
Henrich
Maria
and
1815
..Peter
lis22,
abet.h. enri.ch wife.
Bickel,
.Daniel
Maria.
Esther
and
.,Nov.
..Mar.
Daub
Jesse
1827.
1828.
H13,
14, .1Bickel,
Johannes
..May
SBarbara
and
726,
tV5ia73o,
cl.ehnL.tu.Jeidurnwieg
Wand
Bickel
Maria.
Jacob
1Bickel,
Kurz
..Feb.
Isaac
iJan.
81843..
l4h519,
e7,
.lm.in.Ias ac Bickel,
John
Mar.
.June
Maria
and
.John
1838.
Binder
Hanna.
24,
15,.
Sponsors.
PCBorn.
Baptized.
hairlednrtesn. wife.
H.„Jacob
and
Anna
Bickel,
a.May
James
..Nov.
1842.
18,
1843.
\tVfi7,
leil.adm Maria
1FBickel,
and
„Папы
Hetty.
Jacob
.June
.Nov.
Fretz
1837.
8r5a23,
11,
1n.kl.Jionhn wife.
wife
and
Bickel
1..Jacob
Bickel,
1805..Aug.
Joseph
8„June
05.25,
19,
Hei.nrich Lidia
and
Fritz
.Rand
Jr.,
De1818.
1Ha..Aug.
Bickel,
bLevy.
8en1i17,
8cr.e.-,ilcaS.hep,t.
1VBickel,
wife
and
wife.
Erb
..Jacob
James
8a5sh13,
i014,
.ngt.onL..eJ.waOicnts.
Bickel,
Milton
John
wife
Bickel.
Oct.
Nov.
1851.
.and
1850.
.Levy
M9,
25,
ilt.o.n
wife
..David
and
.Bickel,
Isaac
1..Sept.
28,
1846.
8Pa423,
r5e.n.ts.Jan. Bickel,
Susanna
and
.Jacob
Jacob
.April
Sept.
1828.
.26,
1829.
P24,
aren.ts. Bickel,
Johannes
.July
Magdalena
.Sept.
and
.Joh.
1804.
16,
. 23,
Paren.ts. FBickel,
.April
John
Feb.
Lizzie
1895.
and
Johnson
r.0.
.e20,
d7,
Paerein.tcsk. 1Bickel,
Lydia
Henry
John
..Mar.
and
.8P621,
a715,
r.enD.taJ.nsui.ley Bickel,
Wilson
John
1„Поч.
Judith
and
.87P124,
21,
a.1r.eWnitl.Nso.iavm. wife
Bickel,
1Jonathan
and
.„Ост.
84P21,
a20,
.4r.eJntr..seD.meicas. Pand
Мау
P. nt.s. „Benjamin
.Irwin
Seville
Kate
Bickel,
26,
Kate
May
ar1900.
e2,
1900.. Martha
and
..Mar.
Cecelia
1870.
8,
Bickel,
..Mar.
P1858.
Laura
are13,
n.ts..
Bickel.
(Il egitî.mate)
EJuly
Bickel,
Maria
and
Bickel
Daniel
.Jacob
1812
lis3,
abeЬ
t.h. 1Bickel,
EBickel
Maria
..Jan.
Susanna
..Jacob
and
8l1ig
2s12,
25,
.ab.eMLtauh._rd.wig EBickel
Mariana
Bickel,
..May
Maria
..Jacob
and
1809
1809..
lis23,
aœ
bet.h. Bickel,
MSophia
1..Mar.
and
‚ё
28,
.8a6rP215,
a.ireS.atnSm.uesp.lt. Henry
Milton
Bickel,
Bickel
‚Маг.
.May
and
1836.
Mary.
Esther
.Daniel
..Henry
E"
24,
21,. Regina.
Bickel
.Maria
and
Samuel
Bickel,
...Jan.
„Ось
1819.
1820.
DHae2о,
31,
nrie.clN.h and
Susan.
Maria.
Fuchs
.Jonas
.John
ё
..Feb.
.June
Samuel
Bickel,
1836..
1836.
12,
29,..
wife
SMagdelena
and
Bickel,
Michael
Maria
..Aug.
1.Oct.
c1798.
„George
7hw99,
e14,
8i.nh.a.rJtoh.
Lydia
Bickel,
Feb.
.Daniel
wife
.Michael
CS.June
and
1807.
chrwi14,
27,
esitnihna.r.d
Bickel,
.Ludwig
Barbara
SMagdalena
wife.
and
.Sept.
George
.Hans
..Sept.
1762.
26,
wei3,
nhar.t ESalome
wife
Regina
and
Bickel,
..Mar.
1796..May
Erny
..Johannes
1l7i9szo,
16, 6a.beDta.hn.iel Regina
BBickel
wife
1...Oct.
„Ludwig
and
Samuel
Bickel,
a79r430,
b4,
.ar.Da.Nnoivel.
1..Sept.
MJudith
Bickel,
Bickel.
and
Sarah
Jahn
..Henry
8a3t42,
24,
09h.i.lFd.Heabn.ry
wife
Bickel
Margareth.
..April
and
Margaretha
Bickel,
1846..Aug.
Henry
1846.
26,
Frederi.ck 1„Поч.
Bickel,
BGRichard
Maria
..Jacob
and
81826.
.oa2tr5H2,
17,
b.esancArhpai.lrcihl
Ludwig
Bickel,
1EМаг.
and
.Jacob
Pickel
..Ludwig
1782.
7lB8ia17,
14,
2zr.abaAer.ptarh.il .July
Susanna
Mary
Bickel,
Selinda
B.Aug.
Mary.
and
.Milton
.Fred
1859.
re20,
:_
n13,
dli.nger ..April
Daisy
Pearl
Bickel,
.16,
Bickel
1897..May
Lizzie
Susan.
and
1897.
Johnson
.О.
Na20,
thani.el .June
Minerva
Sallie
Bickel,
.Oct.
Sallie.
11864.
CSalinda
..Jacob
and
18,
8h6r9,
5i.stMmi...alnton
Sepî-
Salome.
Salome
„МНУ
1810-
Maria
„Папы
and
Bickel,
„Н1810-
Boyer
е9,
10,
т-{с.}:
Sarah.
and
Fisher
.Samuel
Malon
Bickel,
.Jan.
Marg
..Henry
..Sept.
1835.
1834.
30,.
11, Lewis
Milton
Bickel,
..Sept.
1835..Nov.
.Kurz
Mary.
and
18M322,
Rebecca
14,
i5c.haH.elnry ..Apri127,
Bickel,
Stelz
Peter
1802..June
E1802.
Susanna.
and
6,
..Johannes
..Peter
lisabe.th
Ludwig
Bickel,
.Feb.
Dec.
Barbara
and
.Ludwig
1760.
.Johannes
Sw22,
1759.
e3,
inha..r.d.
Magdalena.
Bickel,
Levy.
.Jacob
Levina
and
.Paren.ts. Bickel,
Lizzie
May
..June
1P.
Kate
and
8.93,
814,
P.ar.eI.nrAt.wus.ig.n Ann.
Lydia
Bickel,
.Irwin
Kate
and
P.
Sept.
‚Ось
.18,
Pa1903.
17,
rent.s. 1EBickel,
Martha
and
Margareth
.8l4iP7s24,
3,
a.7rb.eBtne.hn.OsjAc.autmgi.n "1..Jan.
Bickel,
Maria
Anna
and
.William
1850.
8.5P03, e.nt.Sse.pt. 2,.,
a.r-, Bickel,
1..Aug.
Maria
wife
Emma
and
.85P225,
3o,
a0.reB.netJn.sju.anmein Bickel,
Rebecca
1„Ост.
Regina
and
„8.029,
P31,
4a.r.eDn.a.t]nsаi.пe.l C.Oct.
and
Ludwig
Samuel
Bickel,
a1815.
Ptah11,
r3,
aernit.ns.e
.Jan.
1842.
30,
Oct.
1841
31,.
оба aql maN лггьоатн ищгц1п7 чрлщэ
Bickel.
Salome
Bickel,
.Maria
and
Sarah
H1..Jan.
8_a281lr.227,
s3,
t1.rmHea.nre.ni]lcuhne Wwife
Bickel,
and
Miller
Anna
iJacob
Maria
1813
..Rev.
lhelmi.n.a BEKurtz
.olMEva
and CBiebel,
Johan
]ап.
Feb.
.Adam
ari.hCcshgai1752.
r9,
7,
sbtreita.hn.a. Maria
Anna
ScBhaEva
and 1and
rw7..July
Maria
bBigcltel,
Anna
ea57ir2a5n.2,
h2a.r.LdJuö.deAgwuig.
Bickel.
Wilhelm
Bickel
SCharles
and
.Sept.
Jacob
Foster
1822
us20,
san.na
Bickel
Achy.
Bickel,
„Benjamin
Sarah
and
..Dec.
C1.Jan.
1842.
a8t423,
9,
h3a.ri..nLe vy Sybylla
Bickel,
Eand
B..Sept.
1lr8ie52,
Louisa
..Jacobz7,
n8ad.ble.it.JnDheg.sce.re
Wilhelm
EBickel,
SH.Daniel
Henrich
and
April
May
l1814.
teiäns29,
adr3,
btieblcteh.trh Bickel,
Albert
C.....July
William
.Sarah
and
Wiand
1h28,
r8\i4V22,
s7tl.i.nH.Naeom.nvr.y
Bickel,
..Feb.
B.Susanna
and
Gilbert
Regina
.Daniel
..June
1802.
aHr17,
e20,
binar.iac.h
Solomon
MBickel,
.July
Bickel
.June
C.Ludwig
.John
and
1810.
agtd15,
5,
harlie.na . Krebs.
and
Mäyer
...Jacob
Eva
CBiebel,
.Adam
..0ct.
..Nov.
a28,
1756.
th31,
ari.ne
Bickel,
wife.
Sarah
.April
S.Hanna
and
„Ост.
11845.
\t8Vi412,
20,
c6l.htiJ.eaormnas P.Rhein
and
Kühler
Lidia
Bieber,
.April
hEphraim
.Jacob
Dec.
1826.
1827.
28,
oe15,
bia. wife.
and
„Barbara
Rupert
Vand
.aEBierle,
VM1l18,
aei7sln4a1744.
24,
btecinh..tieo.OnrNctao.v. wife.
and
Sweyer
.Cwife
and
h.John
r1808.
.Jan.
.Dec.
iBilger,
Hanna
1807.
st27,
ilo,
.an..
Maria.
Bickel,
..July
.ESarah
and
1l8Mi23s21,
Kurz 7,
.cahb.Dae.Stnelhipetl. William
Bickel,
.Royer
Sarah.
and
.Jan.
Maria
Mar.
.John
1834.
1834..
8,
Wi9,
l i.am
27,. Fögley
Anna.
and
Kehs
Henrich
`..
Lidia
Bieber,
and
.Jacob
Johannes
.Feb.
.June
1824.
18, S.John
and
Lidia
uand
1.July
William
.April
Bieber,
s86,
1835.
a3n512,
.a.J.acob
CSponJorr.
Baptized.
PhBarn.
airledrnetns.
g.Bidding,
Hannah
Mary
.April
and
.John
r„Маг.
1866.
aPna12,
d27,
tpearne.alts. Maria.
and
Fritz
Lidia
.Peter
F.June
Bieber,
.April
.Jacob
1829.
ra20,
17,
nkl.i.n
Graef.
CBideling,
wife
aand
1t.June
..June
ah71785.
rti8nah24,
5.11,
a.rCaJithoa.nrisaeph
1Horatio
Bickel,
Susanna
and
Samuel
..Feb.
.84P3021,
a30,
9r.e.nJt.asN.covb. Schraclr
Bickel,
..April
..Aug.
Jane
and
F1865.
1859.
.rPe12,
14,
adrern.itcs.k Bickel,
Susanna
..Sept.
1.80P25,
wife
and 11,
7ar.e.nLtD.used.wci.g Bickel,
Eliza
Theresa
Aug.
Salinda
Sept.
1866.
.Milton
.and
8,
Parent.s. Bickel,
Urias
Mar.
.Aug.
1841..
1841.
C.Davis
.and
aPta30,
4,
hreanrt.isn.e Maria. Bickel,
Jacob
William
Lydia
.Sept.
1.and
.Nov.
1869.
86P9a7,
3o,
.re.ntD.sa.niel Bidding,
Katie
Feb.
Lydia
..Jan.
and
.1869..
1869.
.Jesse
Pa22,
24,
rent.s. Smith. l.|Fury
Refd.
Bitting,
C.June
MBinder,
Feb.
Anna
and
Moses
.Anna
atr2, —‚i.enth. .July
h1754.
garh Maria
Maria.
Anna
Binder,
P1.28,
A.
and.Мау
1806.
8a06lHц
.ez.ngHerni.racehiï нMaria
.July
Binder.
Anna
Binder,
and
S18,
..Anna
1810.
8u115,
s0. aMno.seas s., P65a.re.n].Mtasc.ro.b Maria
1Binder
Clara
and
Annie
M.
...lune
16,
.8921, Barbara.
.June
and
Anthon
Binder,
1746.
Anna
Geyer
.Anthon
8,
.Moses
22,
œ . E‚ё
and
Carl 4a.beC.to.Mhn.ahr d. â
Binder,
1..]ап.
l26,
Knetz
„John
8i1s24, C1..Aug.
Casselly
Binder,
S„jacob
and
Susan
hc8r32iw4,
22,
.s2eti.En.rhn.Narno.utvel. Susan.
and
Binder
.Jacob
.,July
May
Hanna
and
Binder,
.John
1834.
Emma
6,27,.n. wife.
Fagley
and
„Jonas
EMaria
and
.Amos
Binder,
1Anna
1850.
26,
Emma
..0ct.
6,
850. ...Dec.
gMaria
wife,
1„Jacob
and
Binder
Amanda
Binder,
„June
..Amos
r1841.
8a4n4,
1o,
1dp.arA.euntgs. Cand
S‚Ось
HBinder,
Anna
..10h.
..May
ac11"
et7hi27,
522,
nh1751.
1ae.ri-d.Mnceohrses
Maria.
.Мау
Anna
and
Palzgrove
Binder,
S6,
George
1809
Huesnrain.cha Ewife
1Cand
Binder,
..Mar.
Emmen
l7aist9a5,
1;-,
1bh22,
ae.tbhr-e.Jtio]jh.nиanпеes
Binder
Feb.
and
.Jacob
May
1835.
Anna
Binder
.Henry
Fögly.
Esther
27,
31,.. .Aug.
Rahel
Amanda
Binder,
Esther.
and
Hoñmann
.Jacob
Dec.
.Abraham
26,
1843.
31,. CBinder
Binder,
...Nov.
and
Anna
1a..Anthony
Susanna
1808.
28,
t8h0arh2,
8ian.r.Mion.s.0aec.ts E~JUiY
.1313-
and
0Ci-
NBinder.
lCath
1317-
26»
_ieHs241
ueamnberatin~h.c-—hi
Binder,
Georg
Oct.
CFeb.
and
Binder
Anton
1804.
Binder.
1805.
at9,
10,
hari.nae. Binder,
E..Aug.
and
Fuchs
Amos
1..Anthony
26,
l8i1s714,
a.be.t.]Ohac.to.b IBind".
E1--Alig-
and
Fuchs
„Антону
8li1I09.
sCi4.
aLsb-aeJbSitoe¢~»-h.tPlaihnes
Fronica.
Mal'-
Biiid¢i'.
Renninger
Conrad
D°C
1325-
and
6.
„Jacob
1824-
E-Conrad
l31,
isab«»~e.th EBinder
and
.July
Maria
.Jacob
Maria.
.April
lBinder,
1838.
8,
Anna
1835.
.john
isia11,
sbaebte.hth
wife.
Adam
Binder,
.July
and
George
.Adam
SMay
Wartmann
1821
1821.
us12,
1,
an.a David
Binder.
--July
sG1818
and
„rrk
EJoh..
uilsr,sabneb.rea.th.
Bilger,
Lydia
._Ian.
.Jacob
Sept.
and
Maria
1807.
1808.
.George
Bilger
9,
Maria.
and
3,..
Milton
.April
Aaron
Binder,
and
Maria
„June
Valentin
.John
A.
1836.
Cath.
Stelz
9,
12,.
--May
CBinder.
--Jan-
1Kehl
Sarah.
and
1831-
8.
„George
h8Susan
3a5.
1ri~otG~-.e“orge wife.
and
wife
Yerger
...lohn
1june
..Mar.
E8l4i51,
Binder,
1845..s.a.b.]e.atchob
1.July
Amanda
Binder,
Fögley
wife.
.Mar.
Hetty
and
.John
88,
1849.
4915,
. .Wi.l iam
Refd.
Bitting,
11855--
папы
Binder.
W3C.c-Jacob
-М3Г-and
S.
5abPI.
17.
ras-orielnJiltU.ns'ieY Rahel
.and
1..Mar.
ME8,
8Binder,
Ple4ail9rsei.an.tbd.se]a.tи.ch1oуb
Bilger,
Sara
Dec.
April
Maria
and
.jac.
1805.
1806.
31,
zo,..
A_ad
z6z BILL там JQILOMUH “012111117 ‘119171113
Mar
Maria
wife
and
Groll
Michael
Fand
wife
Michael
Kurz
riederica. RFuchs
Susan
and
Peter
en inger.
BBickel
Maria
and
John
eiteman. Cand
BaGeorge
etihtaernima.n "1...
-unмы. .
Miller.
and
Binder
Anna
Jesse wife
and
Binder
SJacob
usan a.
Eand
Binder
lConrad
isabeth.
Susan a.
and
Binder
Georg MErb
and
Henry
argaretha. EBinder
and
Jacob
lisabeth. Cand
Sower
aPeter
tharina.
Maria.
Henrich
and
Jörger wife.
and
Jörger
Johannes
SGeorge
and
Erb
usan a. Rachel.
Jacob
and
Freyer
Sponsors. wife.
and
Binder
John wife.
and
Binder
Jacob wife.
and
Binder
Jacob Hanna.
and
Binder
John
wife.
and
Binder
John
garetha.
Parents. Parents. Parents. Parents. Parents. Parents. Parents. Parents. Parents.
Binder.
Maria
and
Fuchs
John
Binder,
.April
1813
10,
..
1„Аид.
EBinder,
wife
Jacob
and
28,
l7i9s23,
4a.be.JtoSh.eapn.te.s „Аид.
Binder,
1\Villiam
CJacob
Anna
and
S.
8a6r20,
22,
o6.li.OnceJt..a.cob ..June
1789..Aug.
E1Binder,
wife
Johannes
and
l7i8s30,
14,
9a.be]t0h..an. ¢5
Binder,
wife
Georg
1..May
and
Susanna
7827,
19,
4..J.aucnoeb
.N0v.
.Feb.
Binder,
Jaret
1815.
E1816.
and
„Johannes
li29,
4,
sabe.th
.April
..Mar.
Johannes
Binder,
C18,
and
.Antony
at12,
1775.
hari..n.a
EFand
Binder,
1.June
..Mar.
rl28,
1819.
8i1e9s20,
d.aebrCieoc.tnkhra d Binder,
1George
Susanna
and
..Mar.
823o,
3,
4. G.e.oMragye
..111пе
1816..Aug.
Binder,
1Jacob
Susanna
and
18,
16,
816. G.eo.rge .Aug.inr..i.ch ..0ct.
Binder,
‚Ост.
Jacob
Johann
.1804.
Maria
and
He7,
29, Binder,
._Sept.
Jacob
Johan
1805.
6,
Maria
and
„Johannes
zo,.. Binder,
Johannes
S.Moses
and
1..Jan.
1826.
28,
u8s212,
6.anМ.а.1a.
Baptized.
PCBorn.
hairlednrtesn.
Rachela.l.iJ.Anauceogb. ..Oct.
1Binder,
and
E..Mar.
8m5413,
14, Emanuel
Binder,
..Sept.
.1806.
Susanna
and
.5,
2,
Mos.es 1Binder,
E..Mar.
Henrich
and
.John
81813.
l1i317,
4,
s.ab.eA.tp.hril 1..EmAa.nu.ge.l April
Jacob
Binder,
1„Аид.
wife
18,
and
8420, Binder,
Dec.
EJacob
1846.
1847.
and
.Jacob
li24,
2,
sabe.t.h
and
Binder,
Hanna
John
1Aug.
..0ct.
1845..
845,
614,
. ..H.enry
1..April
Rebecca
and
Erwin
Binder,
861,
4,
7. .JEulnie and
MBinder,
Esther
11826..May
Hanna
26,
a8gd223,
a7le.na..JoDehcn. . A..pr.il 1and
1Binder,
Clara
George
..Nov.
and
.1асоЬ
81891.
919,
13, Hanna
Binder,
„June
Hetty
86,
51.3,
.8.а.Aт1ugе.1 ...July
Binder,
.,Jan.
Henry
11841.
Hanna
and
841,
1.—,Н.е.пгу 1Franklin
Binder,
....June
Henry
Hanna
and
1829..John
8213,
919,
. Se.pt. Binder,
Мау
Sept.
Rachel
Jacob
and
.Jacob
1859.
29,
4,.. 1..Sept.
Binder,
Jesse
and
1824..John
28,
8Hanna
22,
4. .N.o.v. I„Sept-
Binder,
Johannes
ИAnna
and
7з5б17,
3,
6ы-М~о.яOсCьL: 19,. and
Binder,
John
.July
Anna
and
.Jacob
.April
1829.
25, Binder,
1Binder
Hanna
John
„July
83211,
30,
1. ..F]eobhn.
(Il egiti.mate)
‚и
i“
r'
1836..Feb.
..Nov.
Binder
x28,
Sarah
E„John
and
Maria
Binder,
l8i321,
s7a.be.b,Binder,
t].ha.red 1841..May
1..May
Binder.
..Maria
Maria
Esther
and
8425,
119,
.‚ч;—
“71.1 ат а.‘
1..May
Ellen
wife
Maria .ar.eЕ.nтаt].пsu1.nеe1 .Aug.
Binder,
.and
8,3P4,
73, .April
Eand
Geiger
1785.
.Johannes
Maria
wife
Binder,
26,
Eva.
lEva
is7,
abeœ
th. ..P.aul 1_and7a.r.eSme]‚_,g.pate.0b 11337-
капе]
Marietta
Binder,
..May
8‚ё
4P5,
24, Ulan»
8.,Henry
Binder,
M-John
and
Erb
Ann
Магу
Hanna
3a731,
23-
r~а.
gaArPe.-ftîhl. äBinder,
E..Moses
-1830
1829...
8,
Susan
and
Binder
Binder,
lSusan.
Mary
isaEbemtha.n..uNe.ovl. 1Binder
Eand
Maria
8,
Susanna
..Moses
Susanna.
l8if'
3§a12,
0b.¢.th_-.E,m].a.Nnovun.e.l Rahel
and
.Jacob
Sarah
1Binder,
.1851.
..Aug.
6,
,8P523,
a1r.ent..sNoюv. CS.
1EBinder,
and
.Sarah
Ann
a816,
l:g
ir6Psa3or.lbein.t]nh.Aaseu.c]guon.be
"1781..May
1Geyer
E6,
„Jacob
Binder.
Maria
Binder,
Anna
and
l7is8ia24,
b1ze.tah b. ]e.o.tMahr.an
..Mar.
.June
E1787.
.Michael
wife
Margaretha
.Johannes
and
FKurtz
Binder,
lri3,
e30,
sdaebrei.tckha.
.April
jonas
Binder
.May
1808.
E.Johannes
1868.
8,
and
Renninger
.Jacob
land
Ei13,
sab.et.h. ..Mar.
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„Henrich
and
1825.-]ohn
Renninger
Maria.
Maria
Binder,
li15,
13,
sabe.th May
»F¢b
11349~
6,
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and
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..]an.
1817
E16,
Binder
1817...
.Binder,
C..Anthony
and
MlaitCrhsoganrabi.renatdh. a
.Aug.
and
.George
Judith
Binder,
.Oct.
1811.
ESusanna
Fuchs
.Anthony
6,
li11,
sabe.th. 1..Dec.
Binder,
E„Anthony
8Fuchs
SMoses
and
l1ui51,
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EBinder,
Renninger
„Jacob
Ann
.Dec.
F.1816
and
1815.
lriCos15,
naibrce.atdh.
Binder,
Iohn
Feb.
1853.
June
.Samuel
and
Esther
9,
Binder
.Jacob
5,
Eliz.ab.eth.
and Oct.
1818.
1818
and
Burkert
.George
Maria
Binder,
Su27,
Maria.
s an.a Bickel
1Binder,
Hanna
M„John
and
Samuel
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d19,
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and
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Binder,
..April
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Sussanna
Sarah.
Sarah
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1818.
2,.
19,
.,June
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Gilbert
„Charles
Maria
Binder,
1843.
Hanna
..Henry
1844.
Anna.
and
Anna
29,
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Binder,
and
Binder
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George
Susanna
Susanna.
1807..
16, E.Jacob
C.Johannes
and
Huber
Binder,
Sarah
Feb.
Mar.
1820.
lhirs30,
1o,
atbien.tah.
Binder,
1Nathan
Maria
and
Jerger
E.John
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s2o,
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Reuben
Binder,
1Mary.
Hanna
.,John
and
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1831.
8319,
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Henry
john
1..Nov.
16,
18,
and
8Maria
.,Henry
4Erb
wife.
and
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FBinder,
Ionathan
11851..Mar.
Carolina
rand
8„ie5Р2,
17,
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Binder,
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1857.
28,
and
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.P12,
arent.s. Sept.
Aug.
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and
.Jacob
Rebecca
Louisa
1853.
Binder,
.P25,
17,
aren.t.s.
OZ
176: HILL MQN JZKLOMUH ишэцт'] 'illlîlqg
wife
and
.Jacob
S.Susanna
Sept.
Binder,
1786.
c‚Аид.
uMhslio17,
ac4,
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Maria
and
RMërtz
Bingaman,
Miss
Rosina
.June
F1763.
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3,
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Rebecca
..Aug.
and
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S1l8ui1s51,
..John
Linsen 14,
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1..July
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Eand
CSchweier
wife
7..Peter
la9it0s22,
h11,
1a.br.eAi_t.pnIhraoihln
Kolb.
Susanna
and
„Johannes
Magdalena
Binder,
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18o3..Nov.
Binder
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1803.
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12,..
1, Birle,
1..Jan.
EMaria
wife
.BBarbara
and
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26,
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.Feb.
Eand
Susanna
...George
.Henrich
\6,
Binder,
.Dec.
1814.
Neumann
1813.
lVis7,
labhe.tlhm. Bitting,
Anna
._Ian.
.Aug.
Maria
Maria.
and
Wiest
„Johannes
.George
1772.
23,
15,. Maria.
.Heinr.
Anna
and
EBitting,
Freyer
David
.Peter
.Mar.
l1800.
‚Ось
1801.
is12,
5,
abe.th
Bittel,
..April
wife.
Andreas
.Feb.
BМCаaAхuhn17,
and 1757.
-29,
srd3c1ihrlse1t.ai3osn1ph1 Eand
CYerger
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1..June
.Maria
l8ai3Crs1,
15,
7ao.bnle.ritI.Oanhsc.datc. E.David
and
Burkert
lBitting,
1David
.Peter
..June
i1798.
7s9a22,
b29,
8eb.teh.t]huly
E1and
wife.
Binder,
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l8..Nov.
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1801.
i0s111,
7,
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Bitting,
Hanna
..Henry
1839.
6,
..Jacob
and
August
..0ct.
1838.
arolin.a CGraf
and
hr.George
Susanna
and
.Anthony
iBitting,
George
.Feb.
Мау
s1834.
ti21,
9,
na...
._Ian.
Hannah
and
.John
Wilhelm
Binder,
1821.
E28,
Binder
„Ноу.
1820.
18,
lisabe.th. 1Binder,
Eand
‘Штат
Hanna
Binder
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..Aug.
l8i3s613,
14,
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Maria.
1Bitting,
Magdalena
„George
and
C..June
8a07t9.h5,
17,
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Baptized.
PCaBorn.
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hrielndtrse.n. Stelz
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Cath.
and
Binder,
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Hanna.
Binder,
8l„June
Sophia
28,
4i2s.5,
a2.b_e.l.tahAcuogb.
1Binder.
wife
and
8..Hanna
Binder,
„Ноу.
Dec.
Anna
Sarah
1846..
46.13,
5,
Sa.m.uel
mother.
.The
E.Milton
and
Bitting,
.April
l1878.
.Sept.
iz29,
s25,
abe.th
Barbara.
1Binder,
Susanna
and
...June
82P612,
77,
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1Binder,
..Sept.
a.28,
Susanna
16, Маг.
Binder,
and
.Jacob
Susanna
.,Oct.
1846..
1845...
8,
. P30,
aren.ts. Binder,
.April
and
\6,
Feb.
Susan
1834..
8,
1834.
EVPmialrneuitea.slm. bîgler. .and
Susan
.Anthony
Bitting,
PMay
Esther
.Oct.
1826.
28,
1825.
are15,
nt.s.
Rau.
1:17 jo 'nur_udvg Sóz
M.July
Maria
and
Daniel
.C.Oct.
Meyer
aBobb,
1780.
26,
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Agtnd22,
harlei.naes, Cand
Sa.Margareth
cand
1tJohannes
Boehm,
h..June
7w5Jae45oì.r3o,
3,
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E1Blet,
Johannes
M.
and
Stizleìn
l...Jan.
E26,
7il6Fsri1o,
54a~s.bnaseJib.tos.eAhc.atunshg.es
Cwife
and
Bobb
awife
C.tBobb,
..July
1har.7taìnDh9r1791.
.1,
3o,
ai1.nrAaib..rnaeOhalcm t.
EBitting,
Isaac
..June
and
May
.Johann
Wartmann
1801.
1802.
l.Adam
is5,
9,
abet.h. ..July
Maria.
Joseph
Bitting,
Anna
and
Bitting
.Aug.
EPeter
..Joseph
li1799.
12,
4,
sabe.th GBdaughter
of
ielrbnehratr.d wife.
and
D..Jacob
Margareth
eand
1EBoehm,
b..Nov.
7le5rit9s8.15,
25,
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~Bitting,
Maria.
Jeremiah
and
.Jan.
Hanna
Janson
Christoph
Oct.
1841.
1842.
Henry
7,.
1, eth. CLiebegut
EWeidner
and
lMagdalena
..Peter
and
iBock,
Sarah
„Рт.
..Sept.
1816
1816..
sab23, and
..Adam
Margareth
h.Adam
Boehm,
r.Nov.
..Aug.
N1765.
isct17,
25,
hionla.s
Bitting,
Henry
Sept.
Feb.
Hanna
and
184.4.
Dengler
.Jacob
R1845.
e21,
9,
bec.a. EGraf
and
Ml„George
Bitting,
..Aug.
.Маг.
Susanna
.Anthony
1822.
iasta11,
4,
hbieltdh.a EB10”,
wife.
SCPÍ-
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and
Cassler
FEva
lMary
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Conrad
-Georg
ri7.
l750
1750~
s20.
eadber~tichk
and
Kolb
Bitting,
1..Feb.
SMaria
Sarah
..Johan.
8u2s823,
17,
a.nI.s.a]aucly wife
and
.MJ.April
Ваш:
N..Feb.
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Joh.
Boehm,
a1760.
26,
oirhcg9,
aonrl.easth
Bitting,
Henrich
1Dec.
S1827..
and
June
8uBoyer
.2s83o,
Hanna.
and 5,
.PaeAn.t.ehaorny Nov.
Sarah.
and
Gilbert
Jesse
Bitting,
Sept.
Hanna
.Henry
1835.
..Henry
29,. Heil
wife.
and
„Johannes
Margareth
.Böhm,
and
Johannes
1..Oct.
N7i5c1755.
24,
19,
h.ol.a.Nsov.
Bitting,
Alice
Hannah
.April
EMilton
Oct.
1873.
and
1874.
18,
li.29,
gPzratbn.ed.prtanrhaelnts. wife.
Jonathan
Bitting,
Eand
.Jan.
.Sept.
D1804.
.Joh.
loits1o,
17,
aebre.trh wife.
HdFreyer
“Шпаги
1Bitting,
and
eMary
..Josua
85n0r30,
27,
y-0. A.nJ.t.Auhponriely S.wife
C1789.
„Ост.
Maria
Boardman,
..Sept.
t1789-
6,
and
aeC-ita25,
nMhbiraecrnhiea.nreal
Maria
Bitting,
July
Burkett.
EJan.
1803
and
.Peter
li12,
1,
sabe.th
Maria
Bitting,
Feb.
Kolp.
18,
1835.
28,
Mary
and
Hanna
.Isaac. SBit-
Minerva
1Bitting,
Sallie
mother.
eand
The
26,
Evans
v9i0l11,
2a..МFоJeпbu.гnоeе father.
Lydia
Sallie
Bitting,
..April
1._The
1882.
28,
and
8„jesse
22,
2. Oc.t.
Henry
Bitting,
Маг.
.April
Lydia
and
.Jesse
1870.
1874.
18,
.P4,
aren.ts. Bitting,
Henry
EMilton
Jan.
Dec.
and
1876.
.l6,
Piaro,
zraebne.tsh.
Singer.
.April
Bitting,
..July
John
Susanna
and
.Anthony
1832.
1831.
. P4,
ar-,
en.ts.
arine.
(Iting.
l egitimate).
96z 2111; тем .LQKLOHUH “012111717 чртцэ
Magdalena
and
Gilbert
.Johannes
Cwife
aand
George
t1786.
.Jan.
B1785.
Feb.
hJohannes
oari21,
24,
dn.ea.m.an , Anna
and
BFried.
„George
oEand
i1lt7..Aug.
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George
18,
iJoh.
e87z1m8a4,
.1bn.e.tDhNa.ovid. CaWeigel
and
CtJoh.
hFräncisga
raand
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Sept.
sAug. .ph.ae.rli.naEand
CtBorckert,
na1749.
o24,
t27, lNewmann
i.Johannes
swife
Eva
and
a.George
.Nov.
b.June
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l1795.
t29,
21,
ihs.abe.th
Schmied.
GEnde
and
e.Mr.Daniel
and
atJr1776.
1..April
oBöhme,
Gga7he12, 6n.ert.eah,su.Mat y Boide
uart7, Cand
hSwife
Jacob
rtand
Firs11784..July
ict7B..May
Jacob
eh8iodt4n25,
ie17,
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Maria.
wife
and
BFriedr.
oCwife
iand
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dt71eh..Mar.
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and
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t..Joh.
Catharine
hand
a..April
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Borck,
George
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.haMwife
Eva
and
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1790.
23,
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Band
Mecklein
a.Johannes
rCand
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..Jan.
1764.
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tahr12,
a7,
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lVögely
and
i.Peter
sEwife
aland
.David
bi.Feb.
es.Jan.
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ah1795.
20,
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Anna
and
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rDaniel
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gb1775..
13,
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5,
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hand
Huber
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rEiand
l.Thomas
s..Dec.
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Jacob
Bolich,
s1797.
na9,
5,
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Maria.
Eva
and
Klotz
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Margareth
and
.Sept.
Maria
Aug.
Eva
Böhme,
1771..
22,
1771.
14,
.. wife.
and
SHeinrich
cha1760
‚Ост.
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adt12,
17,
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Cand
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1ha7rSept.
and 6Maria
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Anna
9an.10,
er.eDtanh.iael wife.
and
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Cand
a1..April
6,
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Thomas
h07a.5,
0r.i.Gne..oMrgaey wife.
and
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m..Mar.
tBolle,
7ah5n717,
1751.
29,
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wife.
and
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cJulian
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e611,
n.2,
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wife.
and
.Bär
wife
Fand
1r7iF..Sept.
George
Bolich,
erd7e23,
24,
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and
Fleck
MaMaria
rand
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rMe4Anna
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ia.cCkoG.Snher.aopdrtMg.ay,
SpPoBaptized.
anrCBorn.
sehonirtlsd.ren.
Eva.
and
Yost
.Peter
Cand
h.George
.July
Cr‚Аня.
1801.
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aits5,
1799.
23,
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Eva.
..Nicol.
Baus
Cand
.July
.George
h.April
1801.
George
Johan
Bolich,
ris5,
11,
ti.n.a
EcCkaMwife
htaand
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orla1783.
g.Dec.
fra..Mar.
1783.
6,
iCr14,
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etha.ri.na
Boideman . .The
parents.
Eva
wife
and
.George
.Mar.
.Dec.
26,
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George
23,
Borger,
1793..
Maria. Eckolf.
Maria.
mann. .Sarah
1P..July
and
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Levy
a16,
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wife
and
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May
wife
16,
and
Eva
Welcker
„George E....Henry
wife
and_
..David
1789.
напавшие
and
lAnna
i25,
sabeth. „Тине
B1768-
Christ.
Barbara
and
Lippold
Martin
Anna
et5,
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Elisabeth
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Härtlein
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Margareth
Lorence
.George
1759~.
25. Refd.,
Aug.
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Mag
and
Elisa-
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6ihsr.teMicathneare,l
.April
E..David
wife
Reichert
Matthias
Salome.
1787.
and
lis1,
abet.h.
Magdalena
CApril
and
Boyer
..Henry
Rud.
1a8,
7t9h2.ar.iA.ndareas
..Samuel
Krebs.
Hanna
and
1.June
Boyer
Sara
8021,
3. He.inr.
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.April
.Benjamin
Hanna
lc1829.
ihsi12,
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Schwenk
Maria
and
a.Samuel
.April
1805.
tha21,
rin.a Sand
B„Ludwig
.July
Hanna
ah18ri2bt11,
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and
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l«June
1763.
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Merkley
wife.
Salome
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Dec.
1804.
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nja.min
Smith
Matilda.
..David
and
1Nov.
Mary
8 34,
. .Da.niel .Kurtz
Mary.
and
Hanna
Aug.
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1835.
Mi22,
cha.el
1ЭСС-
26,
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and
Engel
.Jacob
Cax749-
Samuel
thari.ne
wife.
.Boyer
Sarah
and
1Sept.
8,
8H0e5i.nr.iD.cahniel
Sept.
U1746.
wife.
Maria
Michael,
.George
and
Kuhn
sul21,
a. Michael .Boyer
Sara.
and
Salome
1809
..Henry
Danie.l Harriet.
and
Hannah
Frey
..Amos
Aug.
.Hiram.
1855.
26,
Sept.
Lydia.
and
Вот
1866.
„Isaac
Botta.
Sarah
Cassel
.Isaac
10,
1Sept.
Salome
„wife
Wand
8Ea9lr4l,
it-s.ma-bTneo.tb.ihas Wabeth.
dalena
rthman.
.July
„S1and
Sara
Ec8l0hi515,
os.e-anHben.rt.hich
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Maria. .Sept.
and
.Jacob
Ann.
1869.
26,
Lucy
. Parent.s. 1327
.and
Hanna
--Peter
Paren~»t.s
.Philip
.Sally
Feb.
and
1822.
Par1,
ent.s .and
.Feb.
Hanna
1832.
.Peter
Par3,
ent.s.
Iost.
Johan
Borger,
Peter
..June
1789.
z3,.
Ludwig
April
Boyer,
1824.
10,. Mahala
April
Boyer,
1855..
8, April
Boyer,
Peter
1835..
6,
M.Mar.
Влаги
Borger,
ar1792..
g15,
aretha. .June
M16,
Borkert,
1789.
argar.etha 7,. Matilda
..June
Bertie
1883.
Botts,
17,. Aug. June
E1763
Maria
Bourn,
li2,
sabet.h. .Sept.
E1804.
Boyer,
li29,
sabe.th ..May ric.h Henrich
Boyer,
.June
11. Jonas
1,. July
Salome
Dec.
Borkert,
1786. 30,. E1746.
Salome
Borkert,
1794. Sept.
lBorrt,
i14,
sabe.t.h 1749.. Sept.
hari.ne Nov.
Feb.
C1768.
Barbara.
Bosser,
at7, Jacob
Johann
Bossert,
20, Lo1759.
George
Boteshwa,
16,
renc..e. ..Sept.
Annie
Botts,
1869.. Solomon
1863..
John
Botts,
11,. 19,. Aug.
Markly.
..Jan.
Benjamin
1822...
Boyer, Benjamin
1828.
Boyer,
3,. Oct.
Carolina
1804.
Boyer,
10,. ..Jan.
C1803..
Boyer,
at22,
hari.na 1826..
28,
George. ..July
Boyer, 1756...
Hanna
Bäyer,
2,. H.July
Boyer,
e1805
in25, 23,. .Aug.
Boyer,
Feb.
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Boyer,
1830.
13,. Magdalena
Boyer,
Dec.
1791.
3,
(Il egitimate).
86z 2111 там .läfLOupH “042111717 ‘111411113
and
Margareth
and
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1748..J“ly
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hC4aB31,
Ioh.
r>ir3ns29,
et.ocp.Ihe.slb]aoi.hc_ne]'lu,y and
Philip,
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Jacob
aMargareth
tand
1754..Aug.
Andreas
lhSa718,
CB25,
r5hit4ernh.iad.r]iAogunhage.m, Maria
Anna
and
B..Jacob
reand
Esther
„Charles
n1M1832.
8daAmanda
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21,
ie.nag..de0l.rciDntegc.er,
Schöner.
Jürg
and
Hubert
Eva
„Maria
Sybilla
Anna
and
..Adam
„Маг.
1761.
.June
Maria
BEva.
r21,
7,
eit.in.ger,
Margareth.
and
Missemer
..Casmer
.Michael
Anna
and
.Aug.
1765.
.Dec.
Brant
1764.
Susanna
10,
1,
.... EMaria
land
Seifried
iMar-Jacob
sCa.Jockum
and
h.Aug.
1766.
brEe1766.
Blit3,
Maria
rshät5,
.aubi.endtaih.g]aumly, Huber.
EGlasz
and
l..Martin
iSibilla
Anna
and
s.Adam
..Sept.
I763..April
a1764.
Eble22,
Breitiger,
29,
itsha.be.th
Eand
sBrte.hSophia
nCedand
.Milton
hrlai.1861.
‚Ось
rnLuther.
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.s14,
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Eland
iS„swife
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tBoyer,
imrh5,
nai.r3,
nc.ihch.
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and 1767.
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l7sni-15,
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and
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Chri1850..Davìd
Anna
and
stin185o..]uly
Sibilla
aMar.
B.r.eA13,
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lminger,
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hLibegut
.Jacob
riAnna
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andt6Feb.
i1763..
3Brandt,
Hanna
n30,
.a1,
.M.ich.a.el Rosina.
and
Reigner
„Joseph
Eand
1l8i1827..
18, ..Aug.
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2sl7ai15,
.bsea._‚Itbghea.tch wife.
and
Lotz
George
Joh.
MMaria
and
.Paul
aMar.
1762.
BrGeorge
.May
Joh.
g14,
ea9,
irt.eit.gh.am,
wife.
and
Nagel
Cand
hloachim
1r1761..May
i7Mar.
sCB6Mar-
atr1lo,
izo,
.haenua]rtoihnge.am, wife.
and
Hubert
..Michael
Sibilla
and
..Adam
1..Jan.
Michael.
7Iohn
B523,
r1759.
4,
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1мс)’.
and
HOOt
W-
.John
Josephine
and
.Joshua
.April
Annie
.June
1869.
Lucy.
Brzo,
22,
e.ndli.nger,
S
рPBaptized.
оман.
arBorn.
Cheinltdsr.en. wife.
and
Seifrid
.Jacob
Cand
...April
hAndreas
Joh.
r1764.
Feb.
i1764.
BJoh.
Jacob
sr22,
tä9,
iun.da.i.gam, wife.
and
Balde
..]асоЬ
1Eve
Maria
I74..]и1у
andjacob
John
58,
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3,
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Christophel g.raPElmira
naand
Jacob
dtpe1876.
Ea26,
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Blrein4,
Anna
Oct. s.antldsb.e.itnhger,
CaEslisnaebret.ha.
Sarah
an.s.berg,mother.
mother.
.The
МНУ
1897-
Josephine
and
»William
.Jan.
William.
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r20, ._The
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Maria
Iand
s..April
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~19,
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Mary
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P1890..May
18,
aWalter
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rBoyer,
en13,
t.s . ..July
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and
.Isaac
1837-
16,
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1837.
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rents. . .Amanda
11897..]\ше
and
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ю,
.ntSd.sal.miun.egler, ‚Amanda
РSamuel
and
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May
6,
с1893.
May.
Bтr.а25,
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andl.i.nger, .wife
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a.Jacob
r1801.
e.Mar.
n1807.
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tCarl
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gareth.
gareth.
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rSmith
eDavid
ndlinger, .4 Ед œ .CPatMary
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land
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land
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sa„Johannes
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hsJacob
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..Mrs.
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and
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Sept.
D29,
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aBvriedn linger, Maria.
and
grBarnednmdoltihnegr., Brendlinger, Catharina. wife

and
Charles Maria
and
.Friederick
Maria.
and
S„Henrich
chnCeaand
it.Philip
d1822.
h.Aug
ear.25,
1822.
i.18,
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nEalisab.eth Maria.
and
Br.Fred.
enSophia
dand
H.
l.Milton
ing.er Maria.
CaEcke!
and
t.Casper
haRosina
rand
Joseph
ina..Jan.
.1774.
.23,
.Sept.
Catharina
1773.
23,
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Maria.
and
Brendlinger, wife. and
.Milton
Regina. SBand
uFritz
s.Peter
aMaria
nand
a.Peter
1825.
..Oct.
.2,
rendlinger,
1825.
.„June
F.
.David
3o,. Matilda. wife. Maria and
.jacob
Gertraud.
and
Stelz
.Peter
Rosina
and
.Joseph
1778.
‚Ноу.
.22,
1778.
.july
.26,
Elisabeth
.. Br.Fernideldienrgie.crk.
Lidia.
and
Gresh
..Adam
Mary
and
1839..Mar.
..I7,
F1838.
r..Dec.
ied3,
eEmma
rick . Hanna.
and
Kurz
„John
Maria
and
.Jacob
.. and
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eEdmonia.
nTheresia
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iJohn Br„Jacob
enMaria
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and
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. Andrea.s.
and
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.Jacob
Rosina
and
.Joseph
..
and
Bickel
..Daniel
Maria
and
18108.112,
.18,
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0P.Daniel
eteArug.. Bre..Peter
nMaria
dand
l1i80n14g8.e4,
0r...Sept.
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alcB,iorsNeba0nbvd.leitnhger,
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Emma
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ent.s. . Parents. ent.s. . Parent.s.
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aH.
rMilton
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..
.
.
.
.
.
.
. Emmaline.
..
.
Mary
and Br.en.dlEmma
.Joshua
April
1885.
18,
.1883.
.Nov.
Irwin.
Charles
4, iand
n.Luther
ge1894.
rSept.
,.1894.
May
.2,
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Chas.
10,
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Cath
and
.Philip
1821
..E.-lis.a.b.eth
and
.Milton.
. .
. .
1845.
21,
1866.
20, 1792..
1819..
1885.
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12,Brendlinger, .july
1837.
16,
23, 6,
May 21, 1846.
1770.. 1802. .May
17, 4, ..Sept.
Oct. .Mar. 1890...
Oct. 9,
1872.
Feb.
25, 1836...
,]an.
29, 5,1809. 1868.
1809..
‚Нот. _Nov.
17, 1853.
.Mar.
27,Sept. 1899.
‚Аид.
10, 1876.
luly Nov.
.
1885.. 1852.
9,
.April
1899.
Milton.
9,. April
1837..
1, Br.en.dlinge.June
r1792
,13,
lohannes
Brend.linger,
Aug.
F29,
riBrednedr.licnkger, . F.15, 1868..
8,
Sept.
Lyn-
Frederick
Brendlinger, 1819..
18,
Mar.
Maria
Hermina
Brendlinger, 1876..
FraIrwin
18,nkBlrien.dMlaiynger,
Feb.
1770.
15,
Jacob
16,
Sept.
B.rend.l.inger, lan.
Fried-
24,
Jacob 1866.
16, Br.endlinger, 1890.
Aug... 1844.
Frederick
Oct.
19,
_lames July
6,
Monroe.
james
er. Dec. 1835.
1871..
Est17,
hEmma Dec.
Con-
Franklin
13,
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.
.
GeBorengdilaingear, . Milton.
Jacob
Brendlinger,
.
.
.
..
.
Harry
Brendlinger, Irwin
Brendlinger, Jacob. 1846..
1802..Brend.linger, Brendlinger,
Rebec a.
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rad.
008 911i там JQILOMUH 14019111717' '113171110
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r28,
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wife
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wife
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.Joseph
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r1782.
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rt816,
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B.Jacob
and
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Joseph
r1806.
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Maria
en7,
31,
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1B1842.
and
Hauberger
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..,Oct.
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8Mary
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rn114,
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and
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..Jacob
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Esther
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Bickel
„May
„Ваше!
and
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r1e6,
1838.
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1815
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rand
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aetn27,
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lr1813.
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i1812.
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Maria
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Peter
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1807
ren25,
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r..May
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en24,
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Hill.
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rPeter
F1850.
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18, k0le.irn.gcJekMarn,.y
Charles
wife
Band
.Jonathan
..Jan.
..June
1850.
rPean30,
15,
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..0ct.
rKate
91906.
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1364»-
16,
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and
.~Milt0n
r1864.
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r1896-
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1896.
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1881.
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eP19,
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Morris
Amanda
and
.rOct.
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leint.gse.r, .Gertrude
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and
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Austin
a1906.
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erick. beth.
tian.
B1798.
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reyvь
.og.—e.l, Esther.
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Band
1..Oct.
l81801.
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rC0ieц
2hs20,
.y17,
ravi.bDsoaetgn.oiephl,. s.,
Jacobabeth.th. Maria.
Breyvogel,
EDaniel
and
Meyer
Isaac
Oct.
Mar.
l1805.
1806.
is1,
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Daniel
EBMay
and
Johannes
Nov.
l6,
1803.
1804.
riesœ
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Salome
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‚ё
Hanna.
and
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s.y11, Voegle
.Samuel
Salome.
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E.Daniel
and
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Nov.
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i:L
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wife.
and
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E..April
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Michael
wife
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i"
ihrc1754.
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r..April
e.April
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1796.
wife
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1795.
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wife
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28,
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Georg
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I..Oct.
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r18,
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1762.
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wife.
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rand
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1816.
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l6,
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rl1834.
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John
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18,
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lace.
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William
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Nov.
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Johann
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M.Oct.
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h.Peter
aHrei1770.
27,
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May
Mand
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wife
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aBuchert
Sarah
.George
t..Feb.
C.july
Buchert,
1848.
h26,
Aaturh23,
iganure.si.tneus
Maria.
and
Buchert,
Buchert
.Henrich
Maria
.Conrad
Carolina
.Feb.
.june
8,
1819.
2o,..
CBaptized.
hPSponsors.
Born.
ialrdernetns. .July
Brunner,
Iohann
CMay
wife.
Peter
.Peter
and
Walter
.Philip
1758.
h1756.
r9,
30,
isti.na
Brumbach,
Maggie
‚Маг.
Sarah
and
1.Nov.
wife.
Kase
..Joseph
1876.
26,
874,
. .].ате5
.May
C-Casper
Anna
Bucher,
„Арт?!
i764-
6,
and
aLober
1764.
wife.
.Peter
th2,
arirni.en.e
Etelman.
bara
.Dec.
Brunst,
Franklin
George
Sarah
Sept.
and
S.
-John
mother.
.The
1902-
27,
1902..
29, Alice
.Feb.
Buchert
Sallie
Buchert,
Annie
Ìuly
and
Stern
mother.
The
Wi29,
1903.
1902.
15,
l i.am
mother.
Brunst,
Louisa
Hilda
Mar.
Sarah
and
.John
1897.
18,
Oct.
.1896.
Pa12,
rent.s. 1905..July
Brunst,
Gretta
Frances
Sarah
.....Iune
and
1905..John
28,
. 3o,
Paren.ts. Feb* alraen.dtos. .April
Clinton
Bucher,
1373-
-Dec.
Mary
and
1877.
O.21,
rP14, Bucher,
Edwin
1889-
-.Feb.
Lydia
and
1869.
H.IO,
ePza10,
rekni.tash. .Allg-
1879- aerkeni.ta.sh ..JUUC
Bucher,
Malara
Fyette
._Ian.
H1879..
Lydia
and
.e31,
Pz27, H8and
1Bucher,
б.
..Sept.
Lydia
1887.
8,
e3.8zPe~akHreizen.aktihsa. 11877-
Anna
Lydia
Bucher,
~8and
..Oct.
7.24,
He.P3,
zaer.kni.OtaCshÍ.- 1879..N0V
Sallie
Bucher,
xSusanna
.....Aug.
Judith
sand
7.23,
9-P19,
aWrsehni.tsg.ton Lohra. Buchert,
1Mary
Lydia
Ellen
...Mar.
and
81882.
H.eP230,
4,
za.erke.in.t]asuh.ly Buchert,
Alexander
Jan.
Susanna
and
.Jesse
Sept.
1863.
1861.
.8,
Pa3,
rent.s._ Buchert,
ALydia
1.Sept.
..Aug.
and
l8.1883.
e3Px5,
.30,
ar.nHednz.etsrk.iah Amelia
Buchert,
.Josiah
.Feb.
Susana
and
.1865.
..Sept.
Pa25,
15,
ren.ts. Lydia
Annie
.Buchert,
and
Jane
April
H26,
.Aug.
1874.
Peazr23,
eknti.sa.h .and
Susanna
..Jesse3en.t.sS..ept. Lydia
Cornelia
Buchert,
1..Mar.
1863.
P8a6r3,
13, .and
.David
PMilton
.Feb.
1848.
Conrad
Buchert,
.Dec.
a1847.
re13,
15,
nt.s..
(Il egitimate.)
Decker.Ь.Buchert,
.Henrich
Maria.
‚Ост.
.Jan.
Maria
Anna
and
Voegly
.George
1816.
1817.
19,
27,
д. Э...
....Jan.
.Eli raineintea.l ..Feb.
.H...Mar.
and
Buchert
Buchert,
SMary
Margaret
1856.
eunDs10,
2, _,Jan.
..Jesaias
Susanna
and
P.16,
Buchert,
1846.
1848.
rPi22,
asrD:
ceintl.s_,a Maria
..Aug.
.Feb.
and
Ruben
Buchert,
‚ё
1822.
1821.
16,
.PH5,
aernernit.cs.h â'
.,Dec.
Judith
,June
and
8,
Rosa
Buchert,
1886.
Leanna
\16,
PVarsehnìtn.s_g.ton EB.David
Burckard,
Sept.
and
George
.Sept.
l18,
uirsc19,
1774.
akbaer.tdh.ы
1809...1ш1е
CE1and
Baumann
„George
M8al1ti13,
Büchert,
Oct. 0rhs.14,
gaDrbaiev.nte_daht.ha Büiïel,
Mand
C1..Jan.
wife
Maria
..1асоЬ
Bayer
a7rtg4a31,
30
h8rae.lrhiaР..n‚аeOиC1t. 1V:
..Aged
BBull,
George
Johann
and
Neumann
aSept.
18,
ryears
b1774.
ar.a. BER.David
Burckard,
„Ост.
and
..Peter
28,
Dec.
ulerics1775.
1775..
10,
kahbertd.h
Hanna
Buchert,
..May
1841..Aug.
1and
Lidia
„George
8Buchert
4and
C14,
31,
1a.thaD.raivnied. ,June
.Henrich
Magdalena
Buchard,
„and
MZoller
July
1768.
Cahr20,
g15,
iastri.e‚a_,tnh.
..,Jan.
Buchert,
„May
and
Dengler
Henry
28,
Ann.
Mary
..Henry
E1855.
Flria11,
znakblei.t‚_nh. .July
wife.
MBurchert,
Anna
S.Simon
George
.Joh.
and
Joh.
Aug.
1766.
acrh4,
gä17,
adrl.etrh.
.George
and
Cath
.George
Витке"
Maria...
and 1„Сенна
C8_,Nov,
...George
1819.
6,
Maria.
and
Buchert
для“
Buchert,
a1t3h15,
_a,rFien.‚_,ba. 1Cand
Malinda
Buchert,
...lune
Sarah
Yerger
„101111
8a28,
5t25,
3h.arA,iuSng.ues.ptus ..Feb.
Mathias
Burchard,
Sophia
B.Johannes
and
Bickel
„меня;
18,
April
ar1777..
b13,
1777.
ara._,
Burckard,
F..May
and
wife.
Johannes
.1.June
_Ioerger
1758.
16,
r78
a5Jn25,
8o.chiaGse.ncoaregse
..1и1у
.Nov.
William
Buchert,
„and
Sarah.
1Kurz
8,
Esther
1829.
8M2a21,
9t.h.iDa._svid 1June
Buß,
Maria
„1011.
and
SStang
Joseph
7u98lo,
s.anPh.ial.ip .July
Fronica
Burchard,
and
„ТоЫаз
wife.
Tobias
.George
_Ioerger
Aug.
1762.
20,
15,.
Elizabeth
Fink.
.,Oct.
1843...Feb.
..Davìd
_Rufus
Rebecca
and
Kepner.
Buchert,
..Henry
28,
1844.
11,
:_._
Jan.
.William
Mary
and
Henry
Buchert,
Aug.
.18,
H1860.
1861.
Par22,
einst.osn. Feb.
.Jcsaias
Aug.
Зизаппа
and
Hegekiah
Buçherty
1848.
Parents.
1847,
22,
30,._‚„ 1Lydia
..Aug.
18,
and
Ammon
John rH.e,nztSe.sk.ipath. .July
Buchert,
8. 5P.a3, .and
1883.
Judith
Buchert,
Irwin
,April
John
6,
1883.
PWl,
arsehnit.sg_ton РСЬ-
1881
нежна}!
Lydia
and
Josiah
Buchert,
Oct.
Рагетэ
1880.
6,
271. `Feb.
.and
Buchert,
Annie
Sept.
Judith
Mary
1885..
W1885.
Pa22,
2,
srheint.gs‚_t,on ..Aug.
11875..Dec.
and
Lydia
Sarah
Buchert,
.Emma
81^
75P15,
.11,
arHenzte.sk.iah
Buchert,
.Мау
Maria
Mar.
H1824.
and
en30,
22,
rnireitc._ha
1821. .
David
Buchert,
Mar.
Augustus.
1821.
zo,.
+08 lena.ЧDorothea
Iwife.
.and
BBender
7..Sept.
u4F7rфлот
m
8,
,e27,
k1747.
_dherFai.rcedkeriN
ck E_Davide.th З
Burkhard,
and
Reichard
Sophia.
Johannes
..Feb.
..Joh.
l1778.
i...May
s‚773_
7,
ab2„n Maria
Eand
Burger,
Schmidt
13;7„_‚Регег
..George
„Ост.
l1i8s122,
a6b5, ari.na. Ё
.et.h_.]ап‚ Burger,
George
Margaretha
and
,George
Gilbert
C.Daniel
.June
1821.
aAug,
t26,
1321,
hЁ
20, Maria
Cand
Burger,
Jacob
.Jacob
Feb.
H__Peter
a1813.
t1813
hr12,
atrmian.a_n. Burger,
Jonas
Eva
and . CRoth.
__George
..Johan
Burger.
„Ост.
..Feb,
ä‚300,
19,
1799.
19’ M.and
Burger,
..Мау
1a16,
Hauk
8trD2е
hg3a21,
.nri.Ge.nStaleohpratg.eЗ eanbreit..ch_._- wife
Pe.ter Rudolph
Maria
Burger,
and
1.Jan.
Burger.
.Eva
1811.
3May
123,
„14, „George
EMargaretha
Burger,
..Aug.
and
Hauk
l8,
1818.
i1318
HsЬ. Sara
CBurger,
1„Мот.
and
Eva
Erb
George
..Joh.
ì
a1796.
.Nov.
7t26,
9h24,
7ar.in.Gae.org ä*Burger,
Simon
.George
Burger,
MNov.
Maria.
and
Freyer
1816..
a1817
r21,
gare.t.ha Sophia
Feb.
Eva
and
.George
.Sophia
г
Erb.
1802.
26,
.June
6,. Hill.
Cand
Burghart,
.Feb.
FBok
Cath.
..George
arMar.
1748.
Q
tLnh24,
e27,
caoirnsiac.nruads Ё‘Burkert,
Burkert,
Daniel
Salome
and
.Tobias
..Dec.
..June
.26,
1800.
P1801.
ar7,
ent.s. wife.
C1..Feb.
and
Muller
David
ё
..Peter
a816,
t0h7,
4a.ri..nJaouhne F"
David
Burkert,
1..June
Maria
and
.6,
81P4a.4,
re.nGt.Seso.prtg.e
Maria
E.,Oct.
wife
Magdalena.
BRichardt
Magda-
and
..David
June
1784.
l.Peter
uirs17,
ac3,
bkehtar.d.t, BSalome
and
Muller
.Daniel
uwife
and
.Johannes
rBurkert,
Johannes
.Dec.
1805.
Mar.
1806.
ker9,
11,
t...
Fand
wife.
Elir7Cts5ah43,
Anna
B„1Burckart,rbne15,
.ictbhsi.tsGn.o.dOecNpotarh.evgr. FMaria
.Aug.
and
.Georg
Geiger
B.Anton
.June
rueadr1745.
17,
e30,
bcrakircha.r.t,
Feather.
Cath.
and
Freyer
.George
Maria
George
Burkert,
and
.Jan.
1812
1812.
25,.. BLydia
uBurkert
and
..John
cEsther
.David
and
h.April
W1828.
Burkert,
eJohannes
arsth13,
1,
.i.ng.-Feb.
S72
Burger,
ERenninger
M..Jan.
.George
and
..Jacob
l.June
1828.
ua16,
isr19,
agbaenrt.ehat.ha
Maria.
and
Br.Peter
Maria
and
Reichert
.George
eBurkert,
Johan
Nov.
.Mar.
1821.
1822.
nd23,
l1o,
in.g.er
wife.
M.aArngdareatsha.
Maria
and
Georg
Bastian Burger,
C[вас
and
..Samuel
,Jonas
Maria.
..Jan.
Kepner
a1t81322,
h220,
a.17,
ri..nMar, Cand
Maria
Rawn
.Jacob
aBurkert,
George
.Georg
.Oct.
.Mar.
t1803.
1802.
ha27,
13,
rina. îч,ci r
FSchlaegel
wife.
Burckart,
and
George
Joh.
1..Feb.
.Georg
..John
r16,
7a51752.
n29,
2c.is..cMar.
CSponsors.
Baptized.
PBorn.
hairlednrtesn.
wife.
Fronica
.Feb.
Sibilla
Burckard,
Maria
and
..Joh.
..Dec.
..Georg
Joerger
26,
1760.
1759.
17,.
B..George
FuEMar.
Burkert,
Maria
and‚Ост.
r1810.
1809.
liek25,
7,
sdeabreti.ch
"л._.
BMar.
April
Andreas
26,
urc1747.
1,
kha.rdt,
ton.
1:37 fo ‘пищала Soi.`
.Maria
Georgi
Burkert
Salome
Georg
and
Mat hi.as Cand
Maria
Kurtz
Eva
aPeter
thatrihne.ar.Chirnstiean RMaria
CHenrich
Jacob
..Joh.
and
autmhsatrei.ne ._lUlY
l730~
RCMargareth
Cath
Maria
and
a9.
erbiy.c.ha.Mratdhias
Michael
Maria
CSGeorge
and
chrwiesnthianr.ad.t
M.SCJacob
andarHtsgehanrmeiat.cnha .
Cassel
Maria
RYüngling
MJacob
and
John
eairtgeanraeuthra. W.Hannah
and
Hoñman
iJoseph
lSheolmoimn.oan
VGeiger
wife.
EJacob
Maria
Joh.
and
aliseanbteitnhea wife
A..Jacob
and
Krug
Magdalena
Henry
n icolo.r. and
.Freyer
Refd.
wife,
C.Peter
aHtehnari.cnha rumbau.er Juliana
Frank
TLillian
..John
Amanda.
and CVoigt
Mamabern.g.aVrlentitneh.
and
EStâdtler
and
.Adam
lJohn
Siusasbeatnh.a
George
Maria
and
..Adnm
\and
wife.
Vartm.an
ESophia.
and
.David
R.Joh.
leiscahbae.rthd
.July
1EMaria
3..J.
and
Krauss
lHI4,
i~saSbemtu.he.l
Henrich
Maria
and
Hill
.John
Maria.. Hermann.
Ann
..Sarah
Hannah.
and
Jacob
John
wife
and
„магцагеш
Burkert..
.July
1..Sophia
HMagdalena
and
81a9,
4rbeScak.muel AUE-
182l--John
Cammel.
Mary
and
..Mary
13».
Hil ebart. Tampman.
Salome
and
Tobias
.Parent.s arine. .April
1889.
Solomon
Rachel
.John
and
. 10,
Parent.s. Dec.
1892.
Solomon
Rachel
.John
and
. 17,
Parent.s. Solomon
Rachel
John
and
. Parent.s. Rachel
Parent.s. Rachel
and
Solomon
.John Solomon
John
.and
Parent.s
.April
HBüchly,
Joh.
.Oct.
1762-.
e1761.
i25,
21,
nric.h .April
1889.
10,.
05. .Oct. April
Maria
Burkert,
..May
16,
1805....
820, Mariana
Burkert,
Sept.
1816.
8,
25,. Burkert,
3,. .April
Peter
Oct.
1803
18,
1803. .Sept.
Salome
Burkert,
1807.
25,. Aug.
13, Sophia
Burkert,
..April
1819..
1819.
15, 3,. May
12,. .July
Velte
Feb.
Joh.
Busch,
1746.
27, CBusch,
Feb.
Eva
at1,
1757.
24,
hari...ne 19,. 1HBush,
1760..Mar.
Jacob
Joh.
Buschman,
..Dec.
1761.
23, Joh.
..Aug.
7e5i7,
1755..
24,
n.riSc.pht. 15,. 11399...
1779..Мау
Buskerk,
Johannes
..Mar.
23,
1779. Byerle,
Harry
..Aug.
899,
77,
. ..DC May
2,
1774..._ Dec.
1890..
21, 15, Sept.
.July
1888.. 1860.
3,. Aug.
1868.. 1, May
22, .Aug.
1806... 1814...
1,
.Jan.
1807...
13,
C1806.
Maria
April
hr29,
isti.an,
Burkert,
Margareth
Nov.
28,
1807..
1808 CMarga-
Cambeen,
Mar.
ath20,
1774.
arine 12,. Mar.
Kissena
Cambel,
..Oct.
1812. Michael
Cammel,
1811.
21,. Cammel,
.Aug.
Mary
1814.
31,. Carby, Cassel,
Franklin
NOV.
Harry
1888.
10,. ..Dec.
Cassel,
May
Ida
1891..
23,. DCC~
Cassel,
Jacob-.
1805-
6» Solomon
John
Cassel,
Oct.
1890. Kateabe.th Sallie
10,. Cassel,
ENov.
l1888.
iz10, Cassel,
Ann.
Mar.
1887.
19,. Albert
1860.. Rebecca
Chester,
Henry
Feb.
8, Chester,
Mary
Nov.
1868.
7,. CJan.
harti22,
1814.hsatrmi.anan,
..Feb.
Johannes
17,
1775..
(Il egitimate.)
reth.
(Il egitimate.) (Il egitimate.)

902 sql там JmouvH ищгц1п7 ‘цэлщд
SMichael
and
C..Dec.
Judith
.Jan.
1811.
Magdalena
c..George
..John
h1810.
wr27,
ei10,
nshtarm.datn, CChrist
..July
Missimer
SEh..George
and1819
..John
u28,
1819..
lrsisatbnme.natnh, CClaess,
..April
Schweier
wife
and
Sophia
aC.June
8,
thrha1792.
i3,
rsitni.a.n Cand
Conrad,
Лиге:-
Andreas
aApril
..Joh.
126,
Jr
t7h4a5r.iPn.eat.er, .. DRahel
Catharin
Jürger.
and
Conrad
.Johannes
Margaretha
and
..May
.George
Jürg
Conrad,
Peter
.June
1749.
27,
19, aand
.David
vJerger
Sally
Coplin,
E.Samuel
iand
April
Ann
ldSept.
1843.
he23,
i24,
osenro.ra Kihle.
Anna
and
R.William
eCiand
a1767..John
„Адепт!
fEтtCox,
8
slоhnia.3
y25,
syr[adi).benr.еre.сt.h
Maria
Barker.
C„Conrad
E1..Jan.
and
Schunck
Con-ad
lh1767.._
7ir6si25,
1o,
7asb.tem.tahMna‚,y Cand
SMagdalena
~hcC8rhwi2e22,
Jacob
1..April
..Jacob rs7,
o0itn.sih.tanrm.JdaMotnahyn, Claudius,
Hand
Christ.
SNagel
Ve1aCn7hclr5k30,
.Joh.
„Sophia
Henry ye13,
1757.
i7msnt.aina.NnoMvay.
CClose,
wife.
Joh.
and
Armstrong
„Oct.
.Johannes
h1761.
..Sept.
Ca26,
1762.
rhti17,
hsatri.ane Singer.
Eva
and
Conrad
..Jacob
Johannes
Conrad,
1..May
Susanna
753,
5.25,
.]0.ЬDаeп¢е.в
Mand
T1CKase
April
Wiha8olrg6ins21,
d923,
teh.agmilao.nSeJmG,gon]estporhtp.ynh
wife.
Stedler
lEJacob
and
C1..Sept.
.lh7Cirh11,
s43i4,
a.sb.tei.mJtanhacon,b. ECoen,
and
Roth
.Mar.
.C.John
.May
l1823.
aHitse25,
ha19,
nbreit.chna
Cand
1827..Aug.
Sarah.
..July
„Cath
Kurz
1hMr8ia19,
2st11,
7mh.ain,.aJ]sonhans
CPBorn.
Baptized.
Sponsors.
hairlednrtesn.
Mag'dalena.
C.The
.April
Lillie
father.
.Warren.
James
1898.
16,
and
h8,
Arbisatlm.oan ,
Conrad.
C..Philip
Ann
Eliza
and
.Jan.
.June
a1828.
P16,
htarhi14,
aesrnti.mnsan, Lillian
1Esther
.and
CEva
Oct.
9h8oPr9axo,
25,
.ir.esAntb..msMa.lnor,m. ..John
CSusanna
.Feb.
and
Isac
..Sept.
1813.
P1812.
har19,
13,
iesntm.san, CLillian
Ida
Mamie
..April
.April
.h26,
and
ArPb1902.
ia23,
sraetnlmt.osan. , C.Aug.
....July
Esther
Mary
.Samuel
Lizzie
hand
.26,
rPi11,
1907.
asrtenmta.sn, C.Feb.
Miller.
Ralph
‚Мот.
.Samuel
Lizzie
and
h.rP1905.
i11,
1904.
23,
asretnmt.as.n, mann. CWilliam
HLizzie
1h.and
.Jan.
e9r0nP27,
i1902.
3ars.31,
yet.nmStD.asenmcu,.el Cleaver,
OCc„Isaac
Annia
and
.t1a1874.
8tPv13,
7hia11,
r4.ern.it.nOseJcutly. CAnna
Maria
1..Jan.
Agnes...
.and
o26,
7.nPa325,
1772.
.rieO.nctgJ.sea.rco,b .Maria
Pand
.Joan
aFeb.
Dec.
174.6.
8,
rCox,
George
e1747.
12,
nt.s ..
and
.Cowrwood,
Fama
Sept.
R8,
1765.
ich.ar.d
Aged
18
years.
1:37 jo 'smsuudvg
¿0€
Cof
Miller,
and
Johannes
.Anna
daughter
ahtrhiasrti.na .Henrich
Maria
Anna
and
Koch
Bayer.
Henric.h athari.na Schlögel.
wife
Maria.
Anna
Daengler
CJacob
.George
and EM..George
and
Schall
Martin
lairsgabre.th a .April
Dael
E1and
Stadtler
„Henrich
Susanna
8l27i1,
.s.aFbrie.dtehrick
CBaldner
E1Krauss.
and
..Philip
a7l.July
t5i6hs.a11,
rbSie.bntahstian
HFeb.
Cresch,
N.May
Ce1796.
wife
and
i.George
aBrunner
wife
tcEand
n1,
7,
hlorialsiac.bnuehast.h.
Abraham
Croll,
COct.
and
David
Croll
.Michael
.July
1822.
Kepner.
Hanna
at13,
21,
hari.na EMand
wife
..Adam
Iacob
Jörger
lairsgarbet.ha. E.Schöner
Maria
and
lohn
lCihsraibseto.hp.her Maria
Voegely
Maria.
wife
1..George
Anna
and
8May
01.10,
He.in.
.April
William
Allen
Croll,
Carolina
.William
C.Henry
and
Wiand
.Oct.
1850.
1849.
hr14,
i31,
stin.a.
Voegely
Maria.
„Maria
and
1.Nov.
8B0e2.r21,
nHehian.ridch
Maria
C.Henrich
and
Daub
.Peter
aMar.
t1807.
ha23,
rin.a.
wife.
„Samuel
and
Loeser
Crasse
Frederi.ck argareth. .April
M.Martin
Maria
Snider
Rosina.
.George
and wife.
1746.
6,
„M.Martin
and
Huber
Barlgtahr.seatrha May
E1„jacob
Salome.
18,
and
Yerger
8l2i9.saFrbied.tehrich
.June
.wife
Dallecker,
18F31r19,
and
Sr. .ieFdreird.iecrkick Maria
1Maria.
and
Daub
„Henry
8.Aug
3 .11,
S.amuel wife.
Voegly
Maria
Anna
and
1„Conrad
May
80110,
. He.in.
Maria
Crimm,
Margareth
April
Sept.
F.Jacob
and
.Adam
rwife.
Moyer
e9,
2,
d1750.
eri.cka
D..Jacob
Eva
and
aHMay
1800.
veidh25,
narusie.cr.h D.and
Barbara
._loh.
a.May
v1801.
Hiedi10,
hanursie.crh.
C1wife.
M.Jacob
Joh.
Crumrein,
and
.Stephan
Roth
.Nov.
1762.
a7it6c1,
h22,
1a.r_ei.Jnla.n. wife
Groff
wife.
Johannes.
„John
and
Adam
joh.
Cox,
m.Aged
.John
8
1767.
and
Co.Dec.
a.Johannes
Leîer
ythar.r.in.e.
1
25,
and
.June
Swife
1t83aA119,
.and e.bdrFtalihe.darem.ick
Miller.
John wife
Cambel.
and
.Robert
.Maria
june
24,
1745..
licker.
wife
and.
.Thomas .Samuel
Maria
and
Nov.
1829...
8,
.April
1793. .
7,
.Dec.
26,
1749.. .June
8,
1747... .June
1748.
26, Nov.
22, .July
1761.. 1794.. Feb.
13, 4, Dec.
1776... 25,
1777.. 1754.. Dec.
._lan.
13, 1765.
16,
D„June
Anna
1802.
avi3o,
dsha.user,
.April
Catarina
Dachebach,
1794..
15, ED1831.
.April
lails10,
aibcek.tehr, April
FDr1831.
aile10,
dercik.cekr,
CCunckel,
Anna
Sept.
hri5,
1749.
sti.na elberger, Maria
C.....May
Henrich
up 10,
1747. Anna
Cur.
.June
1748.
17,. ENov.
Curren,
l6,
1761
isabe.th eba.ch, Daengler,
Iacob
..Sept.
1792.. Dagenbach,
27, EВаш,
June
1756.
lis11,
abe.th .July
Amelia
Daub,
1829.
17,. Samuel Daup,
.May
Henry
1833.. George
26,
CDDec.
harci5,
1775.
hsetbia.cnh, DIohzmnes
„Ось
ac1777.
h31, abeth.a. Joh.
EOct.
Eva
lis21,
1753.. Dagenbach,
George
Dec.
1765
10,. Feb.
BDa1746..
glet10,
bhacahs,jaorhan iet...a D.]’ап.
H..Feb.
Dallecker,
a1829.
r22, S8,
a1827...
uesl ainc.kaer, Daub,
Dec.
1806..
28, DFeb.
a1801
vi1,
dshau.ser, Feb.dshau.ser, Heinrich
D1800.
Heinrich
avi12, DNov.
a1800.
vi5,
dshau.ser, DSara
Feb.
a1801.
vid1,
shau.ser,
Anna.
Daughty,
308
21M'J там JanounH ишгц1п7 ‘119471173
Cwife
Maria.
and
DeFroen
.George
a.M'artin
Anna
George
Decker,
t.Mar.
.Oct.
1788.
h1789.
ar1,
ina. Cand
SMichael
hcand
SPeter
George
Decker,
rFeb.
May
u16,
1820.
wiesitn7,
iahnar.nd.ta
M.Yoerger
1.June
and
Eva
a8rM020,
gi2ac.rheaJ.tehlcao.b ED.Johannes
and
R.Jacob
Кем.
wife,
Johannes
Oct.
el.Oct.
biefsr12,
1757.
30,
tanhbiaed.tueshrer,
1and
CVoegely
Maria
.A.
8a.Sept.
08,
t6Ch.oa.rnHierna.rid.ch Julianna.
Mand
S1aAnna
rNov.
8ci0ah3. o9,
.eAHnedrinarsich Hand
Abby
iDecker
l.Henry
Lidia
b.Jacob
and
eMay
1842.
8,
Маг.
Isaac
Decker,
rt17,
....
..AUE»
EFlJuly
Rand
Refd.
CDMar-
eri7sa10»
iSbfte1755.
sohd4,
ct.aehCnrtäJehiaurcnidskeaor,b
„and
Voegely
Maria.
.Sept.
Maria
1806.
8,
A.
NiHecionlrai.ucsh .SGPÍ-
wife.
David
and
Merkley
Anna
.I,
1799-
Benja.min EDaniel
and
Bickel
l.Henrich
Hanna
iDecker,
George
Mar.
1828
May
sab14,
e11,
th..
Мау
RFand
Refd.
E-Jacob
lreisI9,
X754-
iabedfthesa.rnCatihacdrikenar, FEDCCkCf.
Eli
S.Eli
and
.John
Faegley
.Jan.
.Feb.
rl1859...
u6,
1859.
iasn4,
akbnleti.han.
DEJoh.
Jacob
.Jacob
wife.
and
April
Neuman
e1762.
Oct.
l1763 athbäeu.tsher, Decker,
biesr11,
29, Maria
Anna
Cath.
and
Buchert
.George
Hanna
.Henry
..June
.Aug.
1830.
10,
-,.
Baptized.
Sponsors.
Parents.
D..Aug.
1av8iH0d12,
Barbara
and se3hia.uns.eJro.h. Cath.
and
Kehl
Susanna
.Moses
F.Peter
Decker,
.Nov.
.Sept.
1818.
r6,
îe23,
der.ick
8ер1.
1Dand
Sarah
8a..Eva
v3i7,
4d-he.i-sJe.ra.c0b NOV-
„CIand
Kiehle.
Ea7ltI7,
ihIsa~rPbihe.ntelhip
.July
1and
Sarah
Gross.
„8R3e6b.—‚ec1.асa0Ь ,lune
X764»
EBrett.
.and
-Jacob
lB17,
iasrabaer.tah
1.June
Eva
and
.8P020,
a7r.enJt.asc.ob .Jacob
.July
Eva
and
.1804.
P29,
arent.s. Nov.
.Alfred
1906.
Bertha
and
. P29,
arent.s. .Charles
Mar.
28,
and
Y.
Laura
.P1903.
arent.s. Franklin
Charles
Decker,
‚101111
Sarah
and
S.
..Sept.
.„Ост.
1895.
Pa19,
3,
ren.ts SE.John
and
Decker,
M.
.Feb.
lSept.
1870.
uPisa5,
r11,
anebne.tash nt.s.. PM.
Sarah
and
.Jacob
PMay
Decker,
George
a8,
1893
re22,
1900. Susanna
and
.John
CaAug.nstis.an.e. Sarah
Decker,
Mar.
Hannah
h1863
r16,
ei5, PJacob
and
aMay
Feb.
r28,
Harry
Decker,
1895.
e22,
1900.
nts...
Feb.
1Sarah
and
8312,
0. ~Ge.orge
Born.
April
1804.
4,. April
1836.
3,. .April
16,
1754..
..Mar.
1806.
19, Sept.
1803...
5, .Mar.
1807.
27, Мау
1803..
4, .Mar.
1802.
10, 14, Mar.
13, .Sept.
1771.. 1764...
5,
1805... Nov.
28,
Jan. 1906.. 903. . July
15, Feb.
114, 1834..
27, 20, July
.Dec.
1829.. 1798.
DMavridgsahrau.estehr,a DSarah
Anna.
avidhäu.ser,
CDavtihdasrhianu.saer, DJohannes
avidshau..ser, Stella
Davidhe.iser,
Irene. EDlebiasradbseht.uhs.er, DBarbara CDeabtehratsihnäa.us.er,
EDalvisdasbhaeu.tsher, ebertshä.user,
Davidshau.ser,
Daniel DSamuel
avidshau.ser, Blanche
Davidhei.ser, CDavriodlhien.saer, DRebecca
DJacob
avidshau.ser, avidhei..s.er,
Children. Maria
Anna.
Davis,
gareth.
Lucinda
AMaria
Decker,
C..Sept.
and
Fillman
.George
..Jacob
1811
1811..
labt23,
rheacrЬ
hi.tne. Feb.
Maria
1and
Anna
C..David
Decker,
..Sept.
Roth
1801.
8a0t1ц.arMairn..tai.n нCMaria
12,
h27, Decker,
Cath
and
S.Sept.
h1822
.John
1822.
cMrhiw27,
sectihnah.er.lt Э“
Mariana
CDecker,a.rPiNeno.tave.r Margareth
1..Sept.
and
Specht
18,
Sussanna
..Jacob
a8t1h624, C1Decker,
Martin
and
...Mar.
Dagenbach
7a6t3Mh.5,
9,
aœ ‚ёwife
r.Mti..nJcheuanel Graf. Martin
BDecker,
M„Martin
Anna
and
Herbst
..Dec.
ar..April
iа.
1794.
b4,
a.1795,
I9,
rG.ae.orgeä
MDecker,
Barbara
and
_George
April
Eppele
.Jacob
a1768.
t‚768
9,
hi»a.-s_, wife
Maria.
rDecker,
and
BAnna
Peter
DeFroen
.Peter
Y7a.Oct.
9...Now
r2,
1790.
ob_a21,
r~Ma.rtin Eand
wife
Defren,
l..Adam
Adam
Barbara
Jürger
1..Oct.
i18,
..Dec.
1783.
7sa8b314,
e.thы
Pa.eter
1758..Jan.
Heinkel
CMichael
Eva
and
1Decker,
Joh.
„Мог.
..Joh.
ah7tr51,
h9i20,
a.srti.onp.Jaho.erlg. CSalome
Decker,
wife
.E„Michael
and
Schweyer
a„Ноу.
lхt.i7hCs920,
ar83,
1799.
bi.esn.taiмh.аnг,
wife'
..Dec.
Johannes
Decker,
1..Oct.
and
Maria.
Anna
.Adam
wife
Yoerger
7M9a25,
1792.
13,
2r.gaMr.aerthian. HRJudith
“шьёт
Decker,
Maria
and
„.eFeb.
Foster
..April
1823.
CnHirhce24,
ian2o,
ecrhlit-.ecsh
Eand
wife
DeFroehn,
8
l..Adam
Barbara
Yoerger
..Mar.
.July
.Peter
i18,
1789.
sa23,
bebteht.aha
Zoller.
Ann
Sally
„Henrich
Maria
and
Decker,
.Hannah
Reyer
..Dec.
1819.
\Feb~
V1320,
i9,
l13,
h.elm
`г
'`‚дь—
^""v'“H_-`
i'l -nr.
Susanna
EDecker,
Hanna
and
Gilbert
..Jacob
11841..May
„Маг.
l16,
8i4s1a9,
b.e.t-,hH.enry wife.
Defrain,
and
FC.Johannes
.Kraft
Peter
..Oct.
Dec.
r1760.
a28,
otn20,
haeruis.ner
Rebecca
Decker,
Hanna
and
Rebecca.
Henry
Koch
.Joseph
.Aug,
1836.
.Och
‚836
22,
2,
._
Casper
Johann
1Decker,
C.June
and
Singer
wife.
7„Casper
a5t65,
11,
.h.arMiS.cnehaptel. Defrain,
wife.
Johannes
and
Kohl
.C1Sept.
7a„Ноу.
5tJ2,
1755.
h.oah.r.]a-~ion.heanese
HDecker,
Solomon
Hetty
„Rubin
Sarah.
and
1851..Henry
Drase
e26,
1851..May
nry-30,
„..May
.Oct.
Johannes
Decker,
1819.
Cath
and
.John
Voegly
wife.
.Sept.
24,
13,.
l1-l.ara.-s,ae»
Pare..n..ts. Decker,
Jennie
Nov.
.May
and
.Jacob
1896.
Sarah
Pa22,
1900.
29,
ren.ts.
Singer. Maiafa
Susanna
Deck",
~~Jllly
and
.John
.1868-
Oct.
1868.
PaП,
25,
ren.ts.
Jacob
Decker,
.Feb.
Dec.
.John
1860.
16,
1861.
and
Susanna
.20, Jan.
1835-
Hanna
and
John
Decker,
Nov.
Henry
P6,
1834.
a25, ren.ts. ...Aug.
ren.-t.s. .Jan.
1888.
Sarah
and
.Jacob
Jane
Decker,
.1886.
John
..Sept.
P14,
a7, 1Decker,
6,
Susanna
and
John
..Feb.
.1867.
86P7a5,
.ren.t.]so.hn Lizzie
.Feb.
Mary
and
„George
Decker,
Anna
.Jan.
.1892.
16,
Pa30,
rent.s. Decker,
Lovina
1Feb.
Susanna
and
.John
1872.
.87P211,
1,
a.re.n.tAsu.g. May
Sadie
Decker,
and
„John
Mary
..Jan.
.SWL
Pa7,
1904.
r1904,
eI,
n.-ts._
c:Born. wife.
Baptized.
Sponsors.
Children.
Parents. K.Martin
and
OC.Johannes
e.Mar.
Susanna
DeFroehn,
..Feb.
a1746.
pth3o,
a3,
lrin.g.e r ё
Eleonora
Dehaven,
E.Dec.
Rebecca
and
Kurtz.
.Johannes
.Jan.
16,
rb1790.
o1,
1791...
cke.l N(DIleHegaivteimna.te.ЗDeKalb,
) DeKalb,
Charles
.July
Kate
and
_Sylvester
More
.1894.
P.Och
a6,
1894.
r11,
ent.s._ Irwin
and
Edwin
Mary
..Dec.
P.F¢b_
Ё
a23,
1901.
re15,
1902,
nt.s._ ЕDeKalb,
DeKalb,
AKate
Harvey
and
Sylvester
Sept.
.l16,
1896.
P‚Аид.
b1397,
arar,
ehnat.ms.‚ Helen
Graceent.s. Howard
..April
„Sylvester
Kate
and
.ёDeKalb,
.July
Pa1905.
1,
r1905,
5, Lee
1..0ct.
Kate
and
.1898..eSnyt.lsve.ste:i
9.April
P0e
a29,
.r22, r DeKalb,
Ida
1..Nov.
and
May
Kate
.9106,
P925,
.a0_reS.nyt.lMsv.aesrt,er DeKalb,
J1and
Morris
Kate
e.8r9eP2[N
m4,
a.i229,
r.Sehynlt..vs]e.Msuatyner DeKalb,
FЕ
Walter
1..Jan.
and
Kate
r.81890.
May
9eP16,
1da25,
.ereSiynclt.vkse.ster ä"
DThomas
Salome
..July
Catharina
Maria.
and
1.8e1800.le"hrciaek.dnericek,s E
..Sept.
0l.J9,
o7, CDellicker,
Sophia
D.E..Jan.
and
a26,
Fel1825.
..May
trihlsae15,
irdcbeknr.aeticrhk д
EDLinck
James
..Jan.
..Joshua
..Adam
Mary
and
l16,
e1il7s5a1753.
9,
3bp.elta.hiMnar,. .July
CE.Jacob
Dengler,
Feb.
and
.a1858.
l1859..
Q
Pria27,
osr20,
alebinetn.seh. ё"
wife.
CBickel
Eand
Dengler,
1„Ноу.
..Jacob
al1802..May
8it017,
sh321,
a.brei.Jtnahcob wife.
A*
and
Bickel
CDengler,
.Ludwig

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This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized

by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the

Ehe îLutbetan (Пить

COMPILED AND ARRANGED BY

. REV. j. j. KLINE, PHD.

’СНЕ preparation of а memorìal

recording so many names and dates, in reading the chi

labors of the men who Внес! the pastoral ollice, so that

LIST 0F BAPTISMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 271

LIST 0E CATECHUMENS AND ADULT BAPTISMS ­ ­ ­ ­ ~ ­ ­ ­ ~ ­ ~ м 507

LIST 0F MARRIAGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 573

LIST 0E DEATHS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647

R the preparation of an his

yet to come, while the facts and incidents recorded therein

in any way rendered assistance. In particular do I desire

T is somewhat remarkable that so

vices were ñrst held here, and in fact in reference to many

for statements of acknowledged facts, whether derived

Creek” joins the southwest and the southeast branches

in 1832, Gordon in his “ Gazeteer,” says it contains two churches,

Kuhns in his statements, which however are not always

It will not be regarded as necessary to take up the

time of its settlement. There seems to have been a gen

century, 1694, a considerable addition was made to this

Protestant Germany education and religion were combined.

The Frankfort Land Company consisted of a number of

people by his residence among them, took possession of his

It! Early Organization. The Location of its Buildings. The Church.

HERE the first service

been patent to every one, that Rev. H. M. Mühlenberg and ‚

advantage of the religious liberty secured by Penn to all

l ments, as will at once be seen, take no account of the or

i tional statement that it is “ штат to say in what year

when the editor adds: “ it is highly improbable that it was

Pennsylvania Magazine, shows that he, Sandel, was the

The first German Lutheran Church in the United States was

While this gives no definite date for the first church it

Dr. Sachse, “ German Pietists,” р. 339, says:

But perhaps the most satisfactory statement bearing on

there, and continued to serve the same until his death.

tells us: “ It must not be overlooked, that a considerable

tion was Daniel Falckner. He ventured on a trip to

sylvania in 1700 Daniel Falckner is supposed to have

school, and it is not an unjustifiable inference to conclude

records of that body. The fourth church, which still

Also signed by-Michael Weygel, Adam Wartman, George

Two days later Rev. Voigt sent an additional personal

sold. This occurred when the younger congregation at

sociated themselves into an Ecclesiastical Community determined

George, Mathias Ringer, Kilian Хане, the above named Henry

them being particularly had may more evidently appear. All

We John Campbell & Balrar Наши‘ do hereby on our solemn

The second deed recites the fact that Henry Mühlen

things it recites that ~lohn Henry Sprogell, who had been in

THE UNITED CoNGREGATIoNs.

Trappe, Falckner Swamp, Philadelphia and then Germantown. As

"I T would make this history en

y' foil" at?-— è

LIST 0E CATECHUMENS AND ADULT BAPTISMS ~ ~ ~ м 507