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Students' Satisfaction On Schools' Facilities and Their Academic Performance
Students' Satisfaction On Schools' Facilities and Their Academic Performance
Students' Satisfaction On Schools' Facilities and Their Academic Performance
through acquisition of skills, attitudes, competencies, critical and creative thinking. Teaching is
a complex and demanding task that requires highly specialized skills, knowledge and resources
organization is important in achievement of its goals and objectives. Students learning outcome
is the key to ensuring that schools become institutions where students‟ work together, learn
from each other and benefit from a supportive school environment, and consequently maximize
student learning so that all students achieve their full learning potential (United Nations
Educational facilities are those materials that enhance teaching/learning processes. The
further stated that educational facilities refer to buildings as well as items such as machines,
laboratory equipment, chalkboard and learners' tools. They are those things which enable a
skillful teacher to achieve a level of instructional objectives that far exceeds what is possible
when they are not provided (Earthman, 2002; Adeipe, 2007; Fabiyi & Uloka, 2009).
particularly at the secondary school level cannot be over emphasized. The utilization of the
goals and objectives of education require the provision, maximum utilization and appropriate
management of the school facilities. This point is aptly stated in the National Policy on
Education that: Education and training facilities shall continue to be expanded, to afford
response to societal needs and made progressively accessible to the individual a far more
The physical, human and financial resources invested in schools influence not only the
education provided to students but also aspects of teachers and student motivation and conseq
-uently the educational outcomes. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and
Development (OECD) programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) shows that
resource shortages hinder instruction and lower student performance (OECD, 2007). In
In some education systems, there are concerns that schools not only lack the resources
to meet the educational requirements of their students, but that schools may have fewer
resources with which to provide instruction to their students (OECD, 2008). In schools, there
are a wide variety of resources that are directly or indirectly related to educational outcomes.
on availability and appropriate utilization of resources, because the students acquire skills using
these resources. These resources include buildings, furniture, playground, compound, toilet
facilities, lighting, books, and teaching materials, among others. These facilities play a pivotal
role in the actualization of the educational goals and objectives by satisfying the physical and
Wenglinsky (2005) reports that research has consistently highlighted that appropriate
that is both psychologically and physically friendly to the learners. Effective schools have
rigorous systems of accountability, a focus on teaching and learning, stimulating and secure
and methods. Ibe-Bassey (2002) agrees with this view and adds that several studies have shown
that a close relationship exists between the physical environment and the academic performance
of students. Reedy (2006) adds that the availability of physical facilities and the overall
atmosphere in which learning takes place bears direct relevance to the quality of education that
between family and the society. School is a place where the child is prepared to function as an
adult, and through this transformation by way of teaching and learning process, whose purpose
is to bring about in the learner desirable positive and effective change in the behaviour through
School plant and facilities are the material resources provided for staff and students to
optimize their productivity in teaching and learning process. The realization that the transfer of
knowledge does not only take place in the four walls of the classroom from teacher to students
but rather that, learning takes place through discovery, exploration, interaction with the internal
and external environment has necessitated the creative and innovative development of teaching
Schools facilities is one of the components to improve the academic performance of the student.
The improvement of the services provided by the school can be achieved by getting positive and negative
feedbacks from the students as a customer. The purpose of this study is to know if the facilities of the
school may affect the academic performance of the students of Our Lady of Fatima Academy of Davao
Inc. If the study can be proven true and effective,the following people shall benefit the said study.
Students.
Teachers.
Parents.
School Administrators.
Future Researchers.
Review of Related Literature and Studies
literature, into the content of school facilities and their bearing on school improvement efforts.
The chapter opens with a description of the different terms and variables that are present in this
study. The review of literature then focuses on the role of school facilities in the professional
Sweeney & Ingram (2001) defined satisfaction as “The perception of enjoyment and
accomplishment in the learning environment”. Education is one of the main keys of one country.
course of action, as students who are satisfied with their experiences on campus tend to make
an effort to graduate.
accomplishment which results in one’s contentment. The satisfaction plays a major role in the
determining the originality and accuracy of a system especially the educational system as higher
the level of satisfaction the higher will be the level of students’ grooming their skill
Kotler and Clarke (1987) define satisfaction as the desirous outcome of a task or job
class performance. The students are greatly influenced by the educational activities their teacher
or instructor coordinates for them. Shevlin et al (2000) stated that the teachers who teach with
punctuality, accuracy, reasonability and logical approach in a student friendly manner are more
popular. (Elliot and Shin 2002). Because students level of satisfaction increases by working
with those course instructors and lecturers who properly handle the assignments, projects,
exams and facilitate students’ logical reasoning and aptitude development (Dalton& Denson
2009).
According to Wachtel, (1998) the students’ rate their course instructors’ performance
and his methodology of teaching as the prime indicators in their educational development and
successful completion of their studies because higher the intellectual ability of the instructor the
better will be the students’ evaluation (Edstrom, 2008) and consequently more will be the
According to the Advanced English Dictionary (Mcrosoft Corporation, 2014) the word
‘satisfaction’ means, “the contentment one feels when one has fulfilled a desire, need, or
Therefore satisfaction can easily be understood as an act whereby there must be one
party that can give or has an obligation of giving the other party some kind of experience be it
from a service or some goods or combination of both. Or, as a phenomenon which individual
person experience in relation to his or her personal needs or expectations concerning the
The way academic facilities have been organized and established provide the place where the
whole academic process is being provided. The better the academic facilities lead to a better
Service quality may be stated as a form of attitude, evaluation on long term basis but the
definition, perceived service quality was said to be a global measure and satisfaction to service
quality was the direction of the causality. There is a need of measuring the existing relationship
between all the three factors, customers, service quality and ultimately the satisfaction at three
different levels of measurements. These levels are Cognitive, affective and behavioral (Oliver
School Facilities
Students, being the primary consumers and beneficiaries of all the academic facilities in
other users of facilities (Usman, 2010; Arambewela and Hall, 2007; Khan, Ahmed and Nawaz,
2011; Marimuthu and Ismail, 2012). According to Aga and Safakli (2007) and Usman (2010),
accuracy of a system, especially the educational system. The higher the level of satisfaction, the
higher will be the level of students' skill development, course knowledge and mentality (Malik,
School buildings are important educational facilities, which must be present for the
achievement of any learning activity and execution of any educational programme as it provides
accommodation and protection for human and material resources like educational equipment
and facilities. Learning activities cannot be effective without the essential buildings in the
school. School buildings include classroom, libraries, staffroom, laboratories, hostel, assembly
halls, the kitchen, toilet facilities, health centre and others for effective and conducive
government or in the case of private schools, the proprietor should provide standard structures,
they should be adequate and properly maintained (Okokoyo, Nwaham & Ikpeba, 2004).
Facilities are products or services that support an organization to achieve its objectives.
achieving business goals (Alexander, 1996). Within the context of education, such as school, it
is aimed to create supporting teaching and learning environment for students, teachers, and
other users around the school. Occupants of inadequate school facilities may fail to perceive a
clear focus on academic purposes, and the learning environment is less likely to be thought of
as orderly and serious (Uline and Moran, 2008). The other researcher emphasized that school
facilities affect learning. Spatial configurations, noise, heat, cold, light, and air quality
factors as educational adequacy, environment for education, space flexibility, and cosmetic
condition.
Academic facilities is one of the most important elements in any student learning
academic facilities and their connection to student satisfaction. Successful teaching and learning
takes place in school buildings that are clean,quiet,safe, and healthy (Blagojevich,2006). This
means that, at one point, satisfaction can be categorized basing on whether it has originated
from either individual’s state of the emotion or individual’s mental response to a certain
experience.
According to Lakney (2002), the school facility is much more than a passive container
of the educational process: it is, rather, an integral component of the conditions of learning. The
layout and design of a facility contributes to the place experience of students, educators, and
community members. Depending on the quality of its design and management, the facility can
contribute to a sense of ownership, safety and security, personalization and control, privacy as
well as sociality, and spaciousness or crowdedness. When planning, designing, or managing the
school facility, these facets of place experience should, when possible, be taken into
consideration.
Facility appraisal should be one of the many roles assumed by educational leaders.
Maiden & Foreman ( 1998) claim that the school administrators should be “armed with a
general understanding of the relationship between various physical features of a facility and the
learning climate”. It stands to reason that facility evaluation would warrant equitable scrutiny
Academic Performance
Mushtaq and Khan (2012) define academic performance as a direct linked to the social
and economic development of the country. It’s a challenging aspect of academic literature, and
performance, but these factors vary from person to person and country to country.
The students’ academic performance plays an important role in producing the best
quality graduates who will become great leader and manpower for the country thus responsible
for the country’s economic and social development (Ali et.al, 2009).
positive behavioral reinforcement, goals and modeling was the intent of the study. Academic
achievement has been approached with several ways. In academic improvement, teacher
quality, class size and financial support were critical issues at educational organization. Schools
are graded annually and according to test results. Curriculum is aligned to test strategies. School
districts are constantly looking for new strategies and technology to increase academic
achievement.
Like any other level of education, secondary education can be regarded as open system
which receives inputs from the environment, convert or process them, afterwards discharges
the inputs to the environment where the inputs were obtained. However, if the inputs are
inadequate or poor, the conversion process would be defective, so also the outputs. On the other
hand, if the inputs are available, relevant, adequate and judiciously utilized, it is certain that the
outputs of the system will be at high standard. It can be stated at this juncture that just as the
system output is proportional to its input available for processing, so also is true that a school‟s
Jekayinfa, (2000) lends support to Suleiman and sees education as having two components,
“inputs and outputs” He lamented that, inputs consist of human and material resources and
outputs are the outcomes of educational process. He asserted that both the inputs and the outputs
form a dynamic organic whole and if one wants to investigate and assess the educational system
in order to improve its performance, effects of one component on the other must be examined.
The relationship between students’ expectations and their satisfaction with the quality
of the services provided by an educational institution plays an important role in shaping the
students may constitute a source of information for higher education institutions, and these
could be involved in the creation of their strategy of developing their service quality and gaining
Student satisfaction definitions have varied widely depending on the research approach
and focus. In this study, student satisfaction was examined from an educational perspective.
Elliott and Healy defined student satisfaction as a “short-term attitude resulting from an
evaluation of a student’s educational experience” and claimed that student satisfaction was
achieved when their actual experiences or performances met or exceeded their initial
expectations.
Each interest group in higher education (students, teaching staff, government, etc.) has
a special outlook on the quality depending on the specific needs of each individual group. The
expectations and their satisfaction with the services actually provided (Zeithmal et al., 1990).
O’Neill and Palmer (2004) define service quality in higher education as the difference
between students’ expectations on what they will get from a higher education institution and
From the students’ perspective, high quality education creates better opportunities in
terms of learning and knowledge, and they believe that the satisfaction or dissatisfaction
strongly influences students’ success or failure in learning (Aldridge, Rowley, 1998, retrieved
Howard & Sheth (1969) refer to it as a “buyer’s cognitive state”. In this category, the
satisfaction an individual receive comes from the fact that an individual buyer is aware of the
fact that he or she will be adequately or inadequately rewarded for the sacrifices he or she has
undergone in the process of attaining the satisfaction for his or her expectation or/ and needs.
A study conducted by Muhammed Ehsan Malik, Rizwan Qaiser Danish, and Ali Usman
(Muhammed, et al. 2010) entitled “The Impact of Service Quality on Students’ Satisfaction in
Higher Education Institutes of Punjab” states that in today’s competitive environment, the
education has not only become a major industry and need of the day but it is also an investment
by the parents for their children. In public as well as in private sector the quality of education
is an important factor that is considered for attracting and retaining the students who want to
get higher education. The objective of the research is to analyze the impact of different quality
province of Pakistan. Both public and private sector institutes are included in the study. Data
was collected from 240 students of business courses either enrolled in master program or
graduation program in provincially chartered universities of the Gujranwala region. Sample
comprised of both male and female students in equal ratio. The results show that students are
overall satisfied with services of Tangibility, Assurance, Reliability and Empathy but not much
satisfied with parking facilities, computer laboratory, cafeteria services, and complaint handling
system. Recommendations and implications for policy makers are discussed and guidelines for
future research are also provided. The study also states that according to Zeithaml (1988)
system’s coherent performance. Because the students will be more satisfied and motivated for
completing their studies if the institution provides an environment which facilitates learning i.e.
the institution contains proper infrastructure for educational utility accumulated with essential
parameters of professional and academic development. (Rodie and Kleine 2000) posited a view
that the students will be more motivated, loyal and good performers if their institution holds
essential educational facilities with affective staff of teaching and training. The perceived
quality is defined as the ones’ justification about the excellence of a product or service (
Zammuto et al. 1996). According to Dyson et al., 1996 the service quality is so called the better
and standardized output delivered by a service. The service quality in the educational sector
excellence. According to (Alridge and Rowley, 2001) when students perceive the institution’s
quality and standardized learning environment facilitated with intellectual faculty, appropriate
facilities of learning and infrastructure, their interest in their organization will explicitly be
retained. The students are motivated from the academic as well as the administrative efficiency
of their institution. (Spooreen, et. al (2007) posited a view that the organizational harmony,
maintenance of other essentials of quality service in education i.e. well managed and updated
libraries, security systems, medical facilities, class decoration and facilitation with multimedia
and sitting arrangements along with administrative staff’s cooperation play a vital role in
educational support and developement (Dick and Basu 1994). According to Soutar and McNeil
(1996) both academic and administrative issues of an institution are extremely important in
assurance.
Also, a study was conducted by Mark Raguindin Limon which aims to determine the
technology and Livelihood education. In his study, he stated that one crucial variable that
directly impacts the quality of learning achievement among learners is the adequacy or lack of
school facilities that aid in the reinforcement of knowledge and skills. The purpose of the study
was to establish a relationship between the quality of school facilities and student performance
and achievement, in relation to the field of Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE). Mixed
methods design was used in the study where questionnaires were administered to and interviews
were carried out with the respondents who were department heads and selected instructors in
the field. The findings in the study support the assumptions that insufficient school facilities
were negatively impacting student performance and achievement, and the administrators
concerned take no significant action in addressing this educational issue. Since the lack of
educational facilities was proven to pose serious ramifications on student performance and
achievement, stakeholders should closely look into procedures that focus on facility support
and management in the field of TLE. It is also stated in his study that student performance and
achievement depended upon the age, design, and condition of the school facility (Lyons, 2001).
motivation and school’s physical conditions (Lyons, 2001). as well, school facility must be
equally viewed as an active contributor in this process. Thus, the school's administration must
be aware of the different ways by which the conditions of the school facilities make or break
A study was also conducted by Hishamuddin Fitri Abu Hasan (Hasan, 2008)
which aims to examine the relationship between service quality and students satisfaction.
Furthermore, the study also aims to examine critical factors in service quality dimensions
satisfaction of the students. The study wants to determine the relationship between service
quality dimensions and satisfaction among the students in two private higher institutions. In
addition, the researcher wants to determine the critical factors in service quality that
contributed most to the satisfaction of the students. The study was conducted using a set of
questionnaires to 200 bachelor degree students from two private higher education
institutions. The results of the study show that service quality has
significant positive relationship with the student satisfaction. Thus, it implies that any
improvement in service quality, may potentially improve the students' satisfaction. The
table shows how the researchers will go through the process. The following data will be
gathered: The grades of the Junior high school students during the 1st quarter S.Y 2017-2018
and the Satisfaction rate of the Junior high school students in the facilities of Our Lady of
Locke's (1990) goal setting theory is an integrative model of motivation just like the
expectancy theory.
It emphasizes that setting specific, challenging performance goals and the commitment
to these goals are key determinants of motivation. Goals describe a desired future, and
these established goals can drive the behaviour. Achieving the goals, the goal
goal can be measured and lead to higher performance than a very general goal like “Try to
do your best!” A difficult, but realistic goal can be more motivational than easy or
extremely difficult ones. The acceptance of the goal is very important as well, therefore
For example, if I decide to pass a medium level language exam in German in six months –
this goal is specific and difficult enough – because I want to work in Germany – this goal
is very important for me, therefore the goal commitment is high – then I will be motivated
The following guidelines have been useful in the goal-setting (Figure 7):
• Set challenging but attainable goals. Too easy or too difficult/unrealistic goals don’t
motivate us.
• Set specific and measurable goals. These can focus toward what you want, and can
• Goal commitment should be obtained. If people don’t commit to the goals, then they will
not put effort toward reaching the goals, even specific, or challenging ones. Strategies to
achieve this could include participation in the goal setting process, use of extrinsic rewards
(bonuses), and encouraging intrinsic motivation through providing workers with feedback
about goal attainment. Pressure to achieve goals is not useful because it can result in
feedback.
Goal-setting is a useful theory which can be applied in several fields, from sport to a wide
range of work settings. Sports psychology in particular has adopted its recommendations.
The concept of goal-setting has been incorporated into a number of incentive programmes
accompanying goal attainment may also enhance a worker’s job performance and ability
to become more innovative and creative on the job through a trial-and-error learning
increasingly popular.
Figure 7. Process of motivation according to goal-setting theory (Source: Author's own
figure)
Statement of the Problem
The study aims to determine if there is a relationship between the facility of the school
and the academic performances of students in Our Lady of Fatima Academy of Davao,
Incorporated.
2. What is the level of satisfaction of the student in using educational facilities of the
school?
Method
This section shows the methodology done throughout the study. It consists of the
Research Design, table where the types of data, Respondents of the Study, Tools to Gather
Data, Techniques to Analyse Data, and Output of the Study can be found, as well as the
Research Design
This table shows the design of the study. It presents the main idea of this study and
research process. It presents the types of data to gather, the respondents of the study, the tools
what appears to be happening and what is the important variables seem to be evident.
Correlational research determines the relations among two or more variables. Data are gathered
form multiple variables and correlational statistical techniques applied to the data (Lomax,
2013).
The table above shows the process that the researchers have gone through. In order to
conduct the study, the Grades of the junior highshool students SY. 2019-2018 during their 1st
quarter and the satisfaction rate of the junior highschool students in the school’s facilities were
gathered.
The respondents of the study were the 80% population of Our Lady of Fatima Academy
of Davao Incorporated. The data were extracted through the use of the survey questionnaire.
Gathered data were tabulated, analysed and interpreted by using weighted mean and percentage.
In addition, Pearson r correlation test was used in order to determine the correlation of the
School's facilities satisfaction rate and the academic performance of the students.
The results of the study illustrate the effect of the school's facilities satisfaction rate of
the students to their academic performance. The respondents were later classified as
The Our Lady of Fatima Academy of Davao Inc. is a school founded by the
Congregation of the Religious of the Virgin Mary (RVM) since 1949. It is located at Fatima
St., Barangay 24-C, Davao City. The school caters Primary and Secondary level of education
from Kinder 2 to Grade 12 students. Each level in Grade-school department has 2 sections,
each level in high school department has 3 section, and the senior high school has 1 section
each level. The students were expected to perform well in all aspects of excellences as they
In this study, the respondents will be junior high school students of Our lady of Fatima
Academy of Davao Inc. In choosing the respondents, the researchers will use the random
sampling method. There are 12 sections in the junior high school. The respondents will be
coming of Grade 7- Our Lady of Peace, Grade 7- Our Lady of the Holy Rosary Grade 7- Our
Lady of Lourdes, Grade 8- Our Lady of Guadalupe, Grade 8- Holy name of Mary, Grade 8-
Our Lady of Mediatrix of All Graces , Grade 9- Our Lady of Assumption, Grade 9- Our Lady
of Immaculate Concepcion, Grade 9- Our Lady of Mount Carmel, Grade 10- Our Lady of
Fatima, Grade 10- Our Lady of Mercy and Grade 10- Our Lady of Nativity.
Data Analysis
The survey questionnaire and the first quarter grades of the respondents will be
interpreted to found the projected results of this study. The data collected from the respondents
will be analysed through using weighed mean and percentage. In addition, Pearson r correlation
test will also be used in order to find out the effect of the school facilities satisfaction rate to the
academic performance of the students. In the analysis of the data, there is a support of statistical
software.