George Walter Adolf Gropius

George Walter Adolf Gropius.
WALTER GROPIUS
“MASTER OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE”
➢ Born in berlin on 18 may 1883.
➢ Was a german american architect and

an educator.
➢ He was an influential proponent of

modern design and furthered his
ideas through Bauhaus school
design, through his own architectural
works .
➢ In 1934, he moved to U.K. London,
where he was the controller of design .
➢ At an age when most men retire,

Gropius began his carrier in full vitality
and enthusiasm .
Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

Assistant Professor
PRINCIPLES
• Simple Geometry Often Rectangular.
• Use Of Modern Materials Like Steel, Rcc And Glass
• Smooth Surface
• Primary Colours
• Linear And Horizontal Elements
• Grid System
• His Design Has Full Command Of The Elements Of Architecture, Which Were To
Constitute The International Modern Style.
• He Believed That All Initial Training For Artist And Craftsman Should Be Same I.e.
Introduction To Form, Colour, Nature Of Material.
• In Those Times The Use Of Machine Was Encouraged Because Of The Phase Of
Industrialisation.
• He Realized The Interdependence Of Machine And Architecture, Thus Encouraged

The Use Of-:
• Plane surface without any ornamentation
• Colours: white, gray, beige or black
• New Technology Uses of : Concrete SteelGlass
"The ultimate aim of all artistic activity is building! The artist is a heightened
manifestation of the craftsman... Let us together create the new building of the
future which will be all in one: architecture and sculpture and painting.“
-Walter Gropius
Assistant Professor
FAMOUS BUILDINGS
• Fagus Factory (1911-1913)
• Bauhaus
• Gropius House (1937-38 )
• Josephine M. Hagerty House 1938
• J.f. Kennedy Federal Building : 1963-1966
• Pan Am Building(now Metlife Building) 1960-1963
• Waldenmark 1939

Assistant Professor
Assistant Professor
Fagus Factory (1911-1913)
➢ The Fagus Factory Is A Shoe Last Factory In

Alfeld On The Leine In Germany And Is An
Important Example Of Early Modern
Architecture.
➢ It Was Walter Gropius' First Independent

Commission
➢ It Was Called An Artistic And Practical Design

By Gropius
➢ It Was In Collaboration With Adolf Meyer.
➢ Most Striking Thing: Simplicity And

Confidence Of The Architecture.
➢ It was his first notable building, made of steel

and glass with large banks of windows to let light
in from the exterior to interior spaces.

Assistant Professor
➢ Fagus Structure Was Actually A Hybrid
Construction Of Brick Columns, Steel Beams
And Concrete Floor Slabs And Stairways.
➢ It Was A Steel Frame Supporting The Floors, Glass

Screen External Walls.
➢ Pillars Are Set Behind The Façade So That Its

Curtain Character Is Fully Realized.
➢ Glass Screen Was Used All Over The Walls To Have

Proper View From Inside.
➢ Walls Are No Longer Supporters Of The Building But

Simple Curtain Projecting Against Increment
Weather.
➢ It Was Domination Of Voids Over Solids.
➢ Plane Surfaces Predominate In This Factory.
➢ The Glass And Walls Are Joined Cleanly At The

Corners Without The Intervention Of Piers.

Assistant Professor
• All Buildings Have A Base Of About 40cm Of Black Brick And The Rest Is
Built Of Yellow Bricks.

Assistant Professor
The most innovative feature of the building is the fully glazed exterior corners, which are free of
structural elements.
The exterior design of the office building effectively demonstrated Gropius’ ambition to improve
interior conditions while exposing contemporary construction techniques as an architectural
image.

Assistant Professor
Flat-roof

Assistant Professor
Assistant Professor
BAUHAUS, WEIMAR(1919)
The Bauhaus only remained in Weimar

until spring 1925 when it was forced to
relocate to Dessau for political reasons.
There the Bauhaus began a new, important
chapter as a college of art and design.
BAUHAUS, DESSAU

Assistant Professor
BAUHAUS, WEIMAR

Assistant Professor
Assistant Professor
The School of Design in Dessau
• Dessau is the city most closely associated with the Bauhaus.
• This is where the school of design founded by Walter Gropius in Weimar in 1919 was
active for the longest period of time, and where it experienced its heyday from 1925 to
1932.
• All three directors of the Bauhaus – Walter Gropius, Hannes Meyer und Ludwig Mies van
der Rohe – left their mark on the Bauhaus Dessau, and almost all of the Bauhaus
buildings erected in Dessau are now regarded as icons of twentieth century architecture.

Assistant Professor
BAUHAUS, Dessau
• Designed By Gropius And His Partner
Meyer With Certain Amount of
Participation From Students.
• Bauhaus, Was An Art School In Germany
That Combined Crafts And The Fine Arts.
• It Operated From 1919 To 1933. At That
Time the German Term about This Sound
Bauhaus literally "house Of
Construction"—was Understood As
Meaning "school Of Building".
• The Complex Consists Of Five Main
Elements Fully Glazed 3 Storeyed:
➢ Workshop Block.
➢ Teaching Block.
➢ Social Areas.
➢ A 5-storeyed Study Block.
➢ An Administrative Wing Spanning the “The Bauhaus was not an institution… it was
Roadway an idea.”- Mies van der Rohe, its last director
1953

Assistant Professor
BAUHAUS
• To Produce A Separation Of Each Of
These Functions From Others, At The
Same Time Not Isolating Them But
Bringing Them Together Into Efficient
Integration.
• Workshops Noticeably More Industrial,
Particularly In Their Window
• The Square Pedalled Metal Windows
Are Typical Of Mass Produced Industrial
Units.
BLOCK VIEW OF BAUHAUS BUILDING:

1. WORKSHOP
2. DINING HALL
3. STUDIO WORKSHOP
4. ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE
5. TRADE SCHOOL

Assistant Professor
• "It consists of three connected wings or bridges...school and workshop are connected
through a two-story bridge, which spans the approach road from Dessau.
• Administration was located on the lower level of the bridge, and on the upper level was
the private ofﬁce of the two architects, walter gropius and adolf meyer, which could be
compared to the ship captains command bridge due to its location.
• the dormitories and the school building are connected through a wing where the
assembly hall and the dining room are located, with a stage between.

Assistant Professor
BAUHAUS
• Aesthetically Bauhaus Was An Advanced Building But Technologically- Probably Because Of
The Limited Funds, It Was ,someway Behind The Contemporary Works.
• Bauhaus Is Enclosed By Glass Curtains
• The Curtain Glass Walling Was First Used In Fagus Factory - 1911 And Then Used With Certain
Refinement.
• The Whole Cube Seems Like To Immense Horizontal Plains Floating On The Ground.
• Giant Light Cube Dazzling White Light From Every Wall.
• The High Glass Walls Revealing The Light Steel Structure….
• Delineated In All Its Transparency By The Iron Grid Of Its Exterior Structure.

Assistant Professor
Assistant Professor
Assistant Professor
Assistant Professor
Assistant Professor
BAUHAUS
• Plan Show The Linear Nature Of The
Individual Structures.
• The Complex Is Divided Into Three Main
Wings.
• The Studio Apartments Are Connected
By Auditorium, Canteen, Kitchens And
Gymnasium To The Long Narrow
• The Wing On Left Is The School Of Arts
And Crafts, Wing On The Right
Accommodate The Workshop.

Assistant Professor
Bauhaus - succession New
Bauhaus - iit bauhaus
• ideology had a strong impact throughout America, but it was only at the new
bauhaus that the complete curriculum as developed under walter gropius in weimar
and dessau was adopted and further developed the methods which came from the
german bauhaus and which were then transferred to chicago and further developed
there have been adopted in manifold modiﬁed form by other American schools. the
Bauhaus is mainly responsible for the gradual reduction of the until then
unchallenged predominance in the united states of the beaux-arts tradition.

Assistant Professor

George Walter Adolf Gropius

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George Walter Adolf Gropius

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George Walter Adolf Gropius.

➢ Born in berlin on 18 may 1883.

➢ Was a german american architect and

➢ He was an influential proponent of

➢ At an age when most men retire,

Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

• He Realized The Interdependence Of Machine And Architecture, Thus Encouraged

Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

➢ The Fagus Factory Is A Shoe Last Factory In

➢ It Was Walter Gropius' First Independent

➢ It Was Called An Artistic And Practical Design

➢ It Was In Collaboration With Adolf Meyer.

➢ Most Striking Thing: Simplicity And

➢ It was his first notable building, made of steel

Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

➢ It Was A Steel Frame Supporting The Floors, Glass

➢ Pillars Are Set Behind The Façade So That Its

➢ Glass Screen Was Used All Over The Walls To Have

➢ Walls Are No Longer Supporters Of The Building But

➢ It Was Domination Of Voids Over Solids.

➢ Plane Surfaces Predominate In This Factory.

➢ The Glass And Walls Are Joined Cleanly At The

Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

The Bauhaus only remained in Weimar

Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

BLOCK VIEW OF BAUHAUS BUILDING:

Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

• Bauhaus Is Enclosed By Glass Curtains

Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

Presented By -Ar. Pallavi Saxena

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