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Optical tool for salinity detection by remote sensing spectroscopy: Application

on Oran watershed, Algeria

Article  in  Journal of Applied Remote Sensing · August 2017

DOI: 10.1117/1.JRS.11.036010

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Abdellatif Dehni Lounis Mourad

Centre des Techniques Spatiales /Université des Sciences et de la Technologie d'Ora… Université de Khemis Miliana
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 Optical tool for salinity detection by remote sensing
spectroscopy: application on Oran watershed, Algeria

Dehni Abdellatif a,b,c,* and Lounis Mouradb,c

a
Algerian Space Agency, Centre of Space Techniques, SIRS Department, Arzew, Oran, Algeria
b
University of Sciences and Technology Mohamed Boudiaf (USTO-MB), Physic Faculty,
Energetic Physic Department, LAAR Laboratory, Oran, Algeria
c
University of Djillali Bounâama–Khemis Miliana–UKM, Faculty of Sciences and Technology,
Khemis Meliana, Algeria

Abstract. Soil salinity is a complex problem that affects groundwater aquifers and agricultural
lands in the semiarid regions. Remote sensing and spectroscopy database systems provide accu-
racy for salinity autodetection and dynamical delineation. Salinity detection techniques using
polychromatic wavebands by field geocomputation and experimental data are time consuming
and expensive. This paper presents an automated spectral detection and identification of salt
minerals using a monochromatic waveband concept from multispectral bands—Landsat 8
Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Thermal InfraRed Sensor (TIRS) and spectroscopy United
States Geological Survey database. For detecting mineral salts related to electrolytes, such as
electronical and vibrational transitions, an integrated approach of salinity detection related to the
optical monochromatic concept has been addressed. The purpose of this paper is to discriminate
waveband intrinsic spectral similarity using the Beer–Lambert and Van 't Hoff laws for spectral
curve extraction such as transmittance, reflectance, absorbance, land surface temperature, molar
concentration, and osmotic pressure. These parameters are primordial for hydrodynamic salinity
modeling and continuity identification using chemical and physical approaches. The established
regression fitted models have been addressed for salt spectroscopy validation for suitable cal-
ibration and validation. Furthermore, our analytical tool is conducted for better decision interface
using spectral salinity detection and identification in the Oran watershed, Algeria. © 2017 Society
of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) [DOI: 10.1117/1.JRS.11.036010]

Keywords: salinity detection; remote sensing; spectroscopy; vibrational transitions; Landsat 8

Operational Land Imager and Thermal InfraRed Sensor.
Paper 170205 received Mar. 19, 2017; accepted for publication Jul. 18, 2017; published online
Aug. 19, 2017.

1 Introduction
Soil salinization is a most common soil degradation process that affects soil quality, groundwater
aquifer, and agricultural fields. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization has esti-
mated that saline soil covered 397 million hectares of the total land area of the world.1 Africa,
Asia, Australia, Europe, Latin America, Near East, and North America are the most affected
areas.2,3 Multispectral data such as Landsat, Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terre (SPOT),
IKONOS, QuickBird, and the Indian Remote Sensing series of satellites, as well as the hyper-
spectral data such as Earth Observer 1 (EO-1) Hyperion and HyMap, have been found to be
useful in detecting, mapping, and monitoring soil salinity.4,5 Soil salinity can be detected directly
from remotely sensed data through salt features that are visible at the soil surface, such as bare
soil with white salt crusts on the surface or6,7 indirectly from indicators such as the presence of
halophytic plants and the performance level of salt-tolerant crops.
Advantages of using remote sensing technology include saving time, wide coverage (satellite
remote sensing provides the only source when data are required over large areas or regions),
faster than ground methods, and facilitates long-term monitoring.8–10 Many researchers have

*Address all correspondence to: Dehni Abdellatif, E-mail: abdellatif.dehni@univ-usto.dz

1931-3195/2017/$25.00 © 2017 SPIE

Journal of Applied Remote Sensing 036010-1 Jul–Sep 2017 • Vol. 11(3)

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