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0.5

1.0

2.0
0.8
0.4

1.5
0.6
0.3
p.d.f.

p.d.f.

p.d.f.

1.0
0.4
0.2

0.5
0.2
0.1

0.0
0.0

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Different Normal Distributions
0.8

N(0,1)
N(1,4)
N(5,0.25)
0.6

N(−2,1)
p.d.f.

0.4
0.2
0.0

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−4 −2 0 2 4 6

x
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Sample Quantiles

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P.D.F. of χ2
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2.1
2.0
1.9
Sample Quantiles

1.8
1.7
1.6
1.5

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Theoretical Quantiles

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Boxplot of Load for Two Levels of rs


30.0
29.5
29.0
load

28.5
28.0

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−1 0

levels of rs

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ÞB
NPP of load for rs=0 NPP of load for rs=−1

30.0
29.5

29.5
Sample Quantiles

Sample Quantiles
29.0

29.0
28.5
28.5

28.0
28.0

−2 −1 0 1 2 −2 −1 0 1 2

Theoretical Quantiles Theoretical Quantiles


   
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/10 3245678)%9:%; /<0= 67>" () ?%; /<0= 67@! A*"B9 / 2DC%4 0 6
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235%P 0 2 = 6"4 0 3C6 0 P4%4%2
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