Professional Documents
Culture Documents
9780824881993
9780824881993
9780824881993
Cecile Motus
PREFACE vi
INTRODUCTION vii
NOTES 23
BIBLIOGRAPHY 24
LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS xxvi
A 1
B 18
K 49
D 77
E 93
F 96
G 97
H 106
I 132
L 142
M 165
N 175
NG 179
O 181
P 183
R 214
S 216
T 244
U 275
W 282
Y 284
v
PREFACE
vi
INTRODUCTION
I. GENERAL
This dictionary is a compilation of some 3,500 Hiligaynon
roots, affixes and formatives (root + affix). Selection of forma-
tives has been difficult because of the high productivity of some
roots. Those included in this volume are the more common,
and were selected because their meanings are not predictable
from the root. For example, búhi’ means ‘to set free’, but when
affixed with /pang-/ to become pangabúhi’, this derived form
means, ‘a way of life or life’.
Verbal, noun formative, adjective formative, and numeral
formative affixes are included to encourage generative use of
this dictionary. The user will find these affixes helpful when he
encounters different forms of the verbs. Not all affix forms are
given, however.
A brief sketch of Hiligaynon grammar follows to help the
user identify roots. For example, hampángan ‘toy’ comes from
hámpang ‘play’. Hámpang can be a noun by itself. It can also be
a noun when affixed with /-an/ hampángan ‘toy’. It functions as a
verb when affixed with verbal affixes. For example, if the /mag-
/ set of affixes are used with the root hámpang, the following
verbal forms can be derived; naghámpang, nagahámpang,
mahámpang. Or if the /-un/ affix set is used, the following are
the derived forms: ginhámpang, ginahámpang, hampangún.
Every entry is given a distribution class, depending on the
affix used with it. When an entry is followed by a /ma-/ adjective
formative affix, it is an adjective. When it is followed by /mag-/
or /-un/ or /-an/, it is a verb. Thus a root can be a noun, a verb, or
an adjective depending on the affixes used with it. Most of the
entries classified as verbs are illustrated by sentence examples
in the most natural focus occurring with this verb as used in the
idiolect of the author.
Slant lines, //, enclose an affix or affixes used with a root.
There are usually two affixes cited with verbs. The first one is
for actor focus, and the second one for goal focus. A comma
separates the affixes. Some verbs however, take only the actor
focus affixes, while others can be used only with goal focus
vii
INTRODUCTION
II. ORTHOGRAPHY
The orthography in this dictionary is more phonetic than
Hiligaynon orthography in published materials. Although words
which are obviously borrowed from Spanish or English retain
their Spanish or English spelling, the rest of the Hiligaynon en-
tries have been presented in a three-vowel-system with the hope
that the pronunciation of these entries, even at first sight, will
be more like a native speaker’s production. The /'/ is the glottal
stop which is marked only in the medial and final positions in
this book. The sound occurs also in the initial position of words
which begin with vowels, but is left unmarked in this position as
a matter of convention.
viii
INTRODUCTION
t, d, n, and s have a front dental quality. The symbol /’/ has been
chosen to represent the glottal stop, and /ng/ the velar nasal
sound as in English sing. F has been included in this volume
with the thought that the user will interact with educated Hili-
gaynon speakers who will prestigiously have f in their dialect of
the language. F, however, is not a Hiligaynon phone and does
not make for a difference in meaning. Famílya and pamílya are
both acceptable, except that the first one is preferred by the
elite group.
Hiligaynon vowel sounds are not to be equated with English
vowels. Basically, Hiligaynon has only three vowels native to the
language: a, i, and u. The two other vowel sounds, e and o are
adopted from Spanish and English. The two borrowed vowels
are not phonemic but occur as allophones of i and u. i is pro-
nounced like the vowel sound in ‘see, three, seat’. It occurs in
all positions: initial, medial, and final. Whenever it is found in
the initial position, it is always preceded by a glottal stop. Some-
times a glottal stop may follow it in the final position.
The e is a variant sound of i. Lamésa and lamísa are both ac-
ceptable pronunciations of ‘table’. When not pronounced like ee
of ‘see’, it is like the e of ‘met’ or the a of ‘late’.
The a is enunciated as in English ‘ah, father’, and ‘cot’. It is
found in all three positions and undergoes the least amount of
quality change among the vowels.
The u is like the vowel sound in ‘boot, suit, and food’. It can,
however, vary in quality from the high rounded oo in ‘boot’, to
the oa sound in ‘boat’. The o is an allophone of u in Hiligaynon,
and therefore not phonemically significant. Akú, ‘I, me’, may be
akú or akó.
Stress is phonemic in Hiligaynon, i.e., it makes a difference
in meaning. In Hiligaynon, words containing more than one
vowel comprise a two or more syllable utterance. One syllable is
pronounced louder or stronger than the other. This prominence
is called stress. For example, púnu’ means ‘tree, trunk, leader,
etc.’; punú means ‘full to capacity’.
ix
INTRODUCTION
V. DISTRIBUTIONAL CLASSES
A. Nouns
Roots or derived words are considered nouns when they
occur after particles ang, sang, sa, si, ni, kay, nanday, and
kanday. Some roots take noun formative affixes like /pag-/, /ka-
/, etc. The following are noun formative affixes included in this
volume though this is by no means a complete list.
/pag-/ pagká’un
/pa-/ pa’ági
/ka-/ ka’álam
/-ista/ masahísta
/-anun/ banwahánun
/-aryo/ milyonáryo
/mang-/ mangungúma
/-in-…-an/ sinúgdan
/kina-…-an/ kina’ágman
/ka-…-an/ kabatá’an
/ka-…la…-an/ katalágman
/…-lu-…-anan/ talapu’ánan
/-dor/ kobradór
/-an/ sugálan
/-anan/ butangánan
/-anay/ sumbagánay
/-era/ basuréra
/-in-/ tinústa
/pang-/ panúbli’
/-lu-…-un/ sulunúrun
/ka-…-un/ kalip’utún
/ka-…-lu-…/ kahulúya’
/ka-…-ana/ kasugtánan
x
INTRODUCTION
B. Pronouns
Short forms of some pronouns are given beside long forms.
Nominal pronouns take the place of ang-phrases, while source
pronouns take the place of sang-phrases. The sang and ang
phrases may be replaced, for example, by níya and syá respec-
tively: Gintawág sang báta’. ang íyang amígo ‘The child called
his friend’; Gintawág níya syá, ‘He called him (the other boy)’.
The following are the personal pronouns:
Nominal Set
sín’u ‘who’
sán’u ‘when’
di’ín ‘where’
anú ‘what’
tagpilá ‘how much’
pilá ‘how many, how much’
nga’a, ‘why’
kay sín’u ‘whose’ (singular)
kanday sín’u ‘whose’ (plural)
xi
INTRODUCTION
Stems from the third pronoun set are called deictics. They
function by pointing out spatial distance between the object
spoken of and the speaker. There are three subgroups: the nom-
inative deictics, objective deictics, and locative deictics.
Nominal Set
Objective Set
Locative Set
C. Verbs
A word which is inflected and which may occur as the gram-
matical center of a sentence is classified as a verb. For example,
in Nagbása ang bata’ ‘The child reads’, nagbása functions as
the action word and the center of this utterance. When used in
Angbáta’ nga nagbása … ‘the child who is reading…’, nagbása
is no longer the grammatical center of the utterance, but since
it is inflected and may so occur, it is still a verb.
Inflection of verbs is complicated by a number of factors.
One is the number of categories. The categories include: (1)
focus, including actor, goal, benefactive-locative, and instru-
mental; (2) aspect, including completed, durative and proposed;
xii
INTRODUCTION
1. Focus
Focus is the grammatical relationship between a verb with
its affixes and the phrase marked by ang or its substitutes (the
nominal set of pronouns and the si-phrase).
Actor focus indicates that the ang-phrase is the actor of the
sentence and is considered the Topic of the utterance. Nagbakál
ang báta’ sang dúlsi ‘The child bought some candy’ illustrates
that ang báta’ is actor and is the topic of the sentence. Nag-
bakál is bakál ‘to buy’ plus /nag-/ an actor focus affix. This focus
is represented by the /mag-/ set of verbal affixes, and is some-
times referred to as such.
Goal focus indicates that the ang-phrase or any of its substi-
tutes is the object of the verb. Thus, Báklun sang báta’ ang dúlsi
‘The child will buy the candy’ has ang dúlsi as the object-topic.
This focus is given the representative /-un/ affix verbal set.
A third grammatical relationship is between the verb and
the indirect object which may be a location, or a benefactor of
the action. Báklan sang báta’ sang dúlsi ang tindáhan ‘The child
will buy some candy from the store’ is a benefactive-locative
focus construction with the ang tindáhan in topic position. The
set of verbal affixes representing this focus is the /-an/ set.
The last of the focuses is represented by the affix /i-/ and
is called instrumental. Ibakál sang báta’ sang dúlsi ang kwárta
‘The child will buy some candy with money’ where the ang-
phrase is a tool or instrument used to perform the action is an
example of an instrumental focus construction.
A verb chart containing the different focus, mode, and
aspect affixes is given at the end of this introduction.
2. Aspects
An action that has been completed is indicated by several
affixes depending on focus and mode. (Refer to the chart for af-
fixes.) This aspect may be used also in a situation happening in
the present time or expected to happen in the future in some
xiii
INTRODUCTION
3. Mode
Mode is a general term that includes general (indicative)
and imperative modes that are like English grammar, and also
different kinds of action such as distributive, causative, and ap-
tative. Some modes can co-occur. Thus, mode can be indicated
singly as in pahulam, ‘lend, to cause to borrow’ which is hulam
plus /pa-/; or indicated by a compounding of affixes as in nag-
pahulam, ‘lent’ from hulam plus /nag-/ and /pa-/.
The general mode is marked by the absence of obligatory
mode marker for all other modes. The sentence Nagbakal aku
sang bayu’ ‘I bought a dress’ is the general mode because it
occurs only with /nag-/ which does not indicate any manner or
type of action.
MODES
ASPECT AND GENERAL IMPERATIVE CAUSATIVE
FOCUS
A. Actor
xiv
INTRODUCTION
MODES
ASPECT AND GENERAL IMPERATIVE CAUSATIVE
FOCUS
Proposed maga- ~ root ~ pag- ~ magapa- ~
ma- mag- mapa-
Infinitive mag- magpa-
B. Goal
C. Benefactive-Locative
D. Instrumental
Completed
Durative
Proposed i-2 ~ iga- i- ipa-
Infinitive i- ipa-
A. Actor
B. Goal
xv
INTRODUCTION
C. Benefactive-Locative
D. Instrumental
Completed
Durative
Proposed ipang- ika-
Infinitive ipang- ika-
xvi
INTRODUCTION
D. Adjective
Word bases or formatives which are modifiers of nouns or
a noun in a construction are said to be adjectives. Modification
is usually marked with a particle nga: Ang báta’ nga laláki nag-
bakál sang dúlsi ‘The male child bought some candy’. Numerals
are included in this class. The numeral modification marker is
ka: Pitú ka báso ang ára’ sa lamesa ‘There are four drinking
glasses on the table’. Adjectives can also be formed by affix-
ation. The following are samples of adjective formative affixes
which are included in this volume.
/ma-/ ma’ábtik
/-ado/ baldádo
/-uso/ kapritsúso
/pala-/ palahúbug
/-la-…-un/ alabútun
/-anun/ manggaránun
/ka-/ katahúm
/pina-/ pinasahí’
/-in-/ piniríto
Numeral affixes:
/ka-…-an/ kalím’an
/ika-/ ikapitú
/napulug-/ napúlugwalú
/-nal/ kinsénal
E. Adverb
Words and bases are adverbs when they are modifiers of
a verb, an adjective, or another adverb in the construction:
Naglakát kamí sang paspas kahápun sang hápun ‘We walked so
fast yesterday afternoon’.
F. Affixes
There are three distributions or kinds of affixes: the prefix,
which occurs before a root; the infix, which occurs inside the
root; and the suffix, which occurs at the end of words. Affixes in
Hiligaynon are classed into noun formative, adjective formative
and verbal affixes. When the affix makes a noun out of a root, it
xvii
INTRODUCTION
G. Particles
The distributional class with the most subgroups is the par-
ticle class. It claims the least number of members, however, be-
cause membership is closed. There are two kinds of particles
in Hiligaynon: those which perform a grammatical function in a
sentence like sang and ang; and those which add semantic value
to an utterance but do not perform any grammatical function
like lang, or man.
1. Markers
A particle which is obligatory and grammatically relevant in
pointing out the relationship between two elements in a sen-
tence is called a marker. For example, Mabakál ang babáyi sang
pagká’un sa tindáhan ‘The woman will buy some food at the
store’ has three markers, ang, sang, sa, marking the actor, the
object and the location in The utterance. Markers do not have
English equivalents.
The following is a list of markers in Hiligaynon:
ang sang
sa si
ka kay
kanday ~ sanday nga
nanday ni
tag ~ tig ala, alas
bala gid
manga
2. Conjunctions
Conjunctions include words which put two items together,
either to connect two similar ideas, subjugate one to another, or
contradict one with another: Nagkádtu si Cárlos kag si Maríno
sa eskwelahán, ápang na’ulihí silá sa kláse. ‘Carlos and Marino
xviii
INTRODUCTION
went to school, but they were late for class’. The following are
some conjunctions in Hiligaynon which are included in this dic-
tionary.
3. Interjections
Emotionally-rooted exclamation words are called interjec-
tions: Uy! Carlos Kabugalún na gid sa ímu, a! ‘Hey Carlos, you
are so high-hat these days’.
xix
INTRODUCTION
4. Miscellaneous
The last group of particles are those which do not perform
any grammatical function, but which fill semantic nuances in
the language. Idioms are included in this section because of the
limited number found in this dictionary.
á ‘oh, well’
abí’ ‘let me see, excuse me’
ánay ‘please, wait a minute’
básta ‘I said so’
kabáy ‘God willing…’
kuntáni’ ‘maybe, if possible’
kunú ‘he said…’
kwán ‘whatchamacallit’
dá’an ‘right away, first of all’
dé ‘of, with’
éh ‘oh, no…’
gáni’ ‘in fact’
halá ‘watch out, whoops’
iyá ‘this or that one, the one mentioned’
láng ‘only, just, also’
mán ‘also, too’
mú ‘you know’
ná ‘already, still, yet’
naláng ‘only, just’
ó ‘okay’
pá ‘still, yet’
tí’ ‘well…, so now, you see’
xx
INTRODUCTION
VERB PARADIGM
1. Causative
2. Imperative
3. Distributive
xxi
INTRODUCTION
VERB PARADIGM
INSTRUMENTAL
Completed
Durative
Proposed ibakál
Infinitive ibakál
1. Causative
Completed
Durative
Proposed ipabakál
Infinitive ipabakál
2. Imperative
ibakál
3. Distributive
Completed
Durative
Proposed ipabakál
Infinitive ipabakál
4. Aptative
Completed
Proposed ikabakál
Infinitive ikabakál
xxii
NOTES
2. The difference between /i-/ for goal focus imperative and /i-/
for instrumental imperative lies in the roots. There are roots
which when affixed in this manner will give a goal focus con-
struction. There are other roots which render instrumental
focus construction.
23
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Unpublished Material
Zorc, David R., et.al. Peace Corps Primer of Western Visayas Philip-
pines. Peace Corps learning aid, mimeographed, 1967.
24
BIBLIOGRAPHY
25
LIST OF SYMBOLS AND
ABBREVIATIONS
va verbal affix
n noun
pt particle
aa adjective formative
na noun formative
con conjunction
num numeral
id idiom
intj interjection
adj adjective
pr pronoun
adv adverb
d deictic
v verb
xxvi
A
abakáda n alphabet.
abága n shoulder.
abóso n abuse.
1
A
Abríl n April.
abú n ash.
abúnu n fertilizer.
v /mag-,-un/ to fertilize.
2
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
ága n morning.
agí’ n hermaphrodite.
Agósto n August.
agrimensór n surveyor.
n /-dor/ tenant.
3
A
ágtang n forehead.
ahénsya n pawnshop.
ahénte n agent.
áhos n garlic.
aláhas n jewelry.
4
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
alámbre n wire.
v /mag-/ to hesitate.
alkálde n mayor.
5
A
alibángbang n butterfly.
alimángu n crab
almidól n starch.
alpabéto n alphabet.
alúm n mole.
6
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
amáy n father.
Amérika n America.
amimíluk n eyelash.
amínhan n north.
7
A
adv similarly.
amú’ n monkey.
anák n child.
8
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
n termite.
andámyu n gangplank.
9
A
10
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
ányo n year.
ángkla n anchor.
11
A
ápa n cone.
apú n grandchild.
ápug n lime.
12
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
arádu n plow.
árko n arch.
aritmétika n arithmetic.
arítus n earring.
artíkulo n article.
13
A
asáwa n wife.
aséro n steel.
asín n salt.
áslum n sourness.
asú n smoke.
14
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
atataró n caterpillar.
atáy n liver.
aténsyon n attention.
15
A
atúp n roof.
atutúli n earwax.
16
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
17
B
bá’bá n mouth.
bákhaw n mangrove.
18
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
bakúna n vaccination.
bádlu’ n phlegm.
baganíhan n hero.
bagásu n bagasse.
bagátnan n south.
19
B
bágsak n bedbug.
bahá’ n flood.
20
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
bahún n sneeze.
v /mag-/ to sneeze.
21
B
bála n bullet.
balának n mullet.
balangáw n rainbow.
balás n sand.
22
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
bálaybálay n playhouse.
balbolá n valve.
23
B
balikawáng n hip.
24
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
balúta n ballot.
25
B
balyéna n whale.
bána n husband.
bandehádo n platter.
bandéra n flag.
26
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
bányo n bathroom.
bángko n bank.
27
B
28
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
bárbas n beard.
barbéro n barber.
barílis n barrel.
barína n awl.
báskit n basket.
29
B
30
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
n /pag-/ endurance.
batúbaláni’ n magnet.
31
B
bayábas n guava.
báyad n payment.
32
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
baylíhan n dancehall.
bersíkulu n verse.
beteráno n veteran.
bíbi n duck.
bibíg n lip.
Bíbliya n Bible.
biktíma n victim.
bigúti n moustache.
33
B
bilánggu n prisoner.
34
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
bilyéte n ticket.
bíno n wine.
bintána’ n window.
35
B
bisikléta n bicycle.
bísi n vice-president.
presidénte
36
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
bitín n snake.
bitú’un n star.
bokabuláryo n vocabulary.
bombéro n fireman.
bómbo n drum.
boradór n eraser.
botélya n bottle.
bóto n vote.
37
B
bubún n well.
bubungán n roof.
búkaw n owl.
búkbuk n weevil.
38
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
búktut n hunchback.
39
B
búgsay n oar.
40
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
n only-child.
buháwi’ n tornado.
41
B
buladúr n kite.
bolkán n volcano.
42
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
bulíng n soot.
43
B
búnyag n baptism.
44
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
bungúl n deaf.
45
B
búsul n seed.
busún n mailbox.
bútkun n arm.
46
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
butónes n button.
bu’úl n heel.
47
B
buyúg n bumblebee.
Byérnes n Friday.
byólin n violin.
48
K
49
K
kabatá’an n children.
kabáyu’ n horse.
kabít id mistress.
kabúg n bat.
50
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
kádena n chain.
kádlaw n laughter.
kafé n coffee.
51
K
kahéro n cashier.
kahigayúnan n chance.
kahíl n nectarine.
kahulugán n meaning.
kahún n box.
52
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
n majority.
kalamidád n calamity.
53
K
kalaykáy n rake.
kalendáryo n calendar.
kalimutáw n eyeball.
54
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
káma n bed.
kamálig n barn.
kamánsi n breadfruit.
kamángyan n incense.
kamásun n claw.
kamatáyan n death.
kamátis n tomato.
kamiséta n undershirt.
kampanáryu n belfry.
kampánya n campaign.
55
K
kámpo n camp.
kampyón n champion.
kamumú’u n claw.
kamút n hand.
kamútingkáhuy n cassava.
kandádu n padlock.
56
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
kandidáto n candidate.
kandíla’ n candle.
kánding n goat.
kantéro n mason.
kanú’ n American.
kányon n cannon.
57
K
kapatás n foreman.
kapáyas n papaya.
kapitál n capital.
kapitán n captain.
kapituló n chapter.
kapúti n raincoat.
58
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
karidád n charity.
karitún n wheel.
kárne n meat.
karnéro n sheep.
karpentéro n carpenter.
kartéro n mailman.
59
K
kasilíngan n neighbor.
kasílyas n toilet.
60
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
kátre n bed.
katsíla’ n Spaniard.
katúndan n west.
61
K
kawáyan n bamboo.
káw’it n hook.
62
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
kemiká n chemistry.
kemikó n chemist.
késo n cheese.
63
K
kilát n lightning.
kílay n eyebrow.
kílo n kilogram.
kina’ádman n science.
64
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
kíntsay n celery.
65
K
kláse n class.
kliniká n clinic.
n /-dor/ collector.
kobrekáma n bedspread.
kolíntas n necklace.
kolór n color.
komidór n diningroom.
66
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
kordéro n lamb.
koróna n crown.
korpínyo n corset.
67
K
n /-era/ dressmaker.
krayóla n crayon.
kristyáno n christian.
68
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
69
K
kulú n breadfruit.
kumbúya n partner.
70
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
kumpisár n confession.
71
K
kúrba n curve.
kurbáta n necktie.
72
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
kuríng n cat.
kurisúng n frown.
73
K
kusína n kitchen.
kusinéro n cook.
n energy, strength.
kutíng n kitten.
kutsára n tablespoon.
74
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
kutsaríta n teaspoon.
kutsílyo n knife.
kúymi n cashier.
kwadérno n notebook.
kwádra n stable.
75
K
kwán pt whatchamacallit.
kwéba n cave.
kwítis n fireworks.
76
D
dakbánwa n city.
77
D
dagu’ub n thunder.
v /mag-/ to thunder.
78
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
dáhun n leaf.
79
D
80
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
damán n nightmare.
damáng n spider.
dámgu n dream.
81
D
dapáy n hawk.
dáp’ung n bonfire.
82
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
83
D
demokrásya n democracy.
dentísta n dentist.
desisyón n decision.
84
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
Desyémbre n December.
diksyonáryo n dictionary.
didál n thimble.
díla’ n tongue.
85
D
direktór n director.
diri d here.
disiplína n discipline.
disprás n masquerade.
86
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
díyas n birthday.
doktór n doctor.
Domínggo n Sunday.
dormitóryo n dormitory.
doséna n dozen.
dukuménto n document.
87
D
dúgang n addition.
dugú’ n blood.
v /mag-/ to bleed.
dugús n honey.
dúgwak n swan.
88
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
dulúnggan n ear.
89
D
90
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
dú’ul n cork.
91
D
92
E
eklípsi n eclipse.
edád n age.
eleksyón n election.
elementárya n elementary.
embahadór n ambassador.
empleyádo n employee.
empýene n ringworm.
Enéro n January.
enhenyéro n engineer.
ensaláda n salad.
93
E
Englatéra n England.
eropláno n airplane.
eskándalo n scandal.
eskultór n sculptor.
Espánya n Spain.
94
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
estasyón n station.
estátwa n statue.
95
F
96
G
gábi n taro.
n noise, clatter.
97
G
galapún n bottle.
galón n gallon.
gámhun n fog.
gamút n root.
gána n appetite.
98
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
gántang n ganta.
gánsa n goose.
n noise, racket.
99
G
garáhi n garage.
garantíya n guarantee.
v /-un/ to corrupt.
gatúmbal n pepper.
100
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
gáwgaw n starch.
101
G
ginikánan n parent.
Ginú’u n God.
gisántes n pea.
gitára n guitar.
102
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
governadór n governor.
gramátika n grammar.
grása n grease.
grípo n faucet.
gruméte n crew.
grúpu n group.
gúbat n war.
103
G
104
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
gúsuk n rib.
105
H
106
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
107
H
108
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
halimbáwa’ n example.
109
H
110
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
hampángan n toy.
111
H
handuráwan n daydream.
112
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
hángin n wind.
n pain, sting.
113
H
hápun n afternoon.
114
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
harána n serenade.
haranísta n serenaders.
harína n flour.
harúput n breeze.
115
H
háwak n waistline.
116
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
háyup n animal.
héfe n chief.
heringílya n syringe.
117
H
higánte n giant.
118
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
hilánat n fever.
119
H
hílu n thread.
hilú’ n poison.
hílut n midwife.
120
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
121
H
122
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
hinganíban n weapon.
123
H
124
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
n copy, duplicate.
125
H
hubún n group.
hukúm n judge.
Hudéyu n Jew.
126
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
127
H
Húlyo n July.
128
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
Húnyo n June.
hupay n nightmare.
huragúk n snore.
v /mag-/ to snore.
129
H
húrno n oven.
hutík n whisper.
130
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
n /ka-/ tightness.
huwés n judge.
húy’ab n yawn.
Hwébes n Thursday.
131
I
132
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
íkug n tail.
idú’ n dog.
iglésya n church.
133
I
íhi’ n urine.
134
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
ílu n orphan.
íluk n armpit.
ilúng n nose.
ilúy n mother.
imbitasyón n invitation.
135
I
136
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
inítan n sunshine.
Intsík n Chinese.
íntu’ n flattery.
137
I
138
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
ísda’ n fish.
139
I
ísu n chalk.
ítik n duckling.
v /-un/ to tickle.
ítlug n egg.
140
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
141
L
n /-era/ laundrywoman.
142
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
labatíba n enema.
143
L
144
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
lagú n earthworm.
145
L
lalím n flavor.
lamésa n table.
lamíg n coldness.
lámluk n moth.
146
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
lamúk n mosquito.
lamún n blind.
lánsang n nail.
147
L
lányatlányat n membrane.
lángaw n fly.
lángka’ n jackfruit.
lánggaw n vinegar.
148
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
lápis n pencil.
149
L
laranghíta n nectarine.
laráwan n picture.
lasáw n molasses.
latigú n whip.
latúk n table.
150
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
151
L
leksyón n lesson.
152
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
líbra n pound.
libreríya n library.
líbro n book.
líbug n bumblebee.
n surrounding.
153
L
líkido n liquid.
likúd n back.
154
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
limpyabúta n bootblack.
155
L
n /-an/ thresher.
líntuk n bran.
línug n earthquake.
linggánay n bell.
156
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
157
L
lísu n seed.
litsúgas n lettuce.
158
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
lí’ug n neck.
liyón n lion.
lóbo n balloon.
lólo n grandfather.
159
L
lubí n coconut.
160
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
lugúm n dye.
lúha’ n tear.
161
L
lúmut n moss.
Lúnes n Monday.
lungíb n cave.
162
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
luták n clay.
163
L
lúy’a n ginger.
164
M
makinílya n typewriter.
165
M
166
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
ma’ís n corn.
maní n peanut.
manínay n godmother.
mansánas n apple.
mantikílya n butter.
mántil n tablecloth.
167
M
manúk n chicken.
manyíka’ n doll.
mángga n mango.
168
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
mangingísda’ n fisherman.
mangungúma n farmer.
mápa n map.
marinéro n sailor.
mármul n marble.
Márso n March.
Mártes n Tuesday.
martílyu n hammer.
martír n martyr.
maskará n mask.
mata n eye.
v /mag-/ to awaken.
matadéro n butcher.
169
M
adj reasonable.
máya n wren.
Máyo n May.
medálya n medal.
medikó n doctor.
médya n half.
170
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
métro n meter.
mikániko n machinist.
milágru n miracle.
mílya n mile.
n /-aryo/ millionaire.
171
M
misyonéro n missionary.
motorsíklo n motorcycle.
172
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
músika n music.
173
M
mutún n pulley.
mútya’ n pearl.
myémbro n member.
Myerkolés n Wednesday.
174
N
175
N
naranghíta n nectarine.
nárs n nurse.
176
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
177
N
niyúg n coconut.
nobéla n novel.
Nobyémbre n November.
número n number.
nyébe n snow.
178
NG
ngálan n name.
ngípun n tooth.
179
NG
180
O
o con or.
pt okay, oh.
obíspo n bishop.
opisína n office.
opisyál n official.
órgano n organ.
ospitál n hospital.
otél n hotel.
181
O
182
P
pa pt still, yet.
pá’a n thigh.
paboríto n favorite.
adj favorite.
pábrika n factory.
pábu n turkey.
paká’ n frog.
183
P
pákris n bruise.
pakú’ n sleeve.
184
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
pagká’un n food.
185
P
páhu’ n mango.
186
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
palangána n basin.
pálapála n trellis.
palásyu n palace.
187
P
paláyas n awning.
palíhug v to please.
paltéra n midwife.
188
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
pamantalá’an n newspaper.
pamángkut n question.
pamatán’un n youth.
panaderíya n bakery.
189
P
panagsarí’ n predicate.
panálgan n storey.
panáptun n cloth.
panihúl n whistle.
190
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
pani’údtu n lunch.
pantálya n dummy.
panyága n lunch.
pányu’ n handkerchief.
191
P
pangánud n cloud.
192
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
papá n father.
papél n paper.
parakáyda n parachute.
193
P
para’ísu n paradise.
párapu n paragraph.
parmasyotika n pharmacist.
pasák n fern.
194
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
pasapórte n passport.
páskwa n Christmas.
195
P
196
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
197
P
pátu n duck.
patúnda’ n warning.
198
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
pensyón n pension.
péras n pear.
peregríno n pilgrim.
199
P
pérlas n pearl.
peryódiko n newspaper.
pikúy n parrot.
200
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
píli n choice.
Pilipínas n Philippines.
201
P
pínta n paint.
pintór n painter.
pínya n pineapple.
202
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
pipínu n cucumber.
piríku n parrot.
pírma n signature.
pisára n blackboard.
203
P
písngi n cheek.
píspis n bird.
pisú’ n chick.
pisúk n moment.
pitála’ n bolt.
pítsil n pitcher.
204
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
pítu n whistle.
planéta n planet.
plánu n plan.
v /mag-,-un/ to plan.
platéro n goldsmith.
platíto n saucer.
205
P
n /ka-…-an/ poverty.
presidénte n president.
pribilíhiyu n privilege.
primabéra n spring.
prímo n cousin.
206
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
probléma n problem.
prográma n program.
propesór n professor.
prupíta n prophet.
prútas n fruit.
pu’ása n fasting.
207
P
públiku n public.
pukatúd n elevation.
púgad n nest.
208
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
pulgáda n inch.
pulséras n bracelet.
púlsu n pulse.
209
P
púlu’ n island.
pumpyáng n cymbal.
púna’ n net.
puní n decoration.
púnung n fishpond.
210
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
211
P
pús’un n abdomen.
putyúkan n beehive.
pu’úk n place.
212
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
pwéde adv all right, can be, its possible, certainly, yes.
pwertáhan n door.
pyáno n piano.
213
R
rabanús n radish.
rádyo n radio.
rántsu n ranch.
rénda n bridle.
rénta n rent.
214
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
repólyo n cabbage.
reputasyon n reputation.
resíbo n receipt.
réyna n queen.
ritásu n remnant.
románsa n romance.
rosál n gardenia.
rwéda n wheel.
215
S
sábak n lap.
Sabadó n Saturday.
216
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
217
S
sáksi n witness.
218
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
ság’ang n chin.
ságing n banana.
219
S
salamíng n mirror.
salampáti n dove.
salápid n braid.
220
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
adj orange.
221
S
salúg n floor.
222
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
sámbag n tamarind.
223
S
sántus n saint.
224
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
sápat n insect.
sapatéro n shoemaker.
sapátus n shoe.
225
S
sástre n tailor.
sá’ut n dance.
v /mag-,-un/ to dance.
226
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
sekretaŕya n secretary.
sekréto n secret.
séda n silk.
segúro n insurance.
227
S
semána n week.
Septyémbre n September.
serbésa n beer.
seremónya n ceremony.
seréno n watchman.
228
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
síbu n grease.
sibúyas n onion.
sikréta n detective.
síku n elbow.
sidlángan n east.
229
S
sigarílyo n cigarette.
sihigún n rod.
sílhig n broom.
v /mag-,-un/ to sweep.
síli n eel.
230
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
n /-han/ church.
siní d these.
231
S
sínsil n chisel.
sín’u pr who.
singkamás n turnip.
sínggit n shout.
232
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
síngsing n ring.
v /mag-,-un/ to kick.
sipílyo n toothbrush.
233
S
sirirítan n cricket.
sistéma n system.
n lift-over, balance.
sóbre n envelope.
soldádo n soldier.
234
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
soríso n sausage.
subá’ n river.
súka’ n vinegar.
súkat n measurement.
v /mag-,-un/ to measure.
235
S
236
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
súgpu n lobster.
237
S
n /pa-/ bribe.
súlab n blade.
v /mag-,-un/ to write.
sulú’ n torch.
súluk n corner.
n inside, room.
238
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
239
S
v /mag-,-un/ to tease.
súngay n horn.
240
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
súpas n soup.
superbisór n supervisor.
241
S
syápa n badge.
syénsya n science.
242
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
243
T
tabínas n embarrassment.
244
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
tabún n cover.
245
T
táklung n snail.
246
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
247
T
tagíptip n mildew.
248
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
talimbabága n centipede.
249
T
talúdtud n ridge.
n /ka-/ sharpness.
talúng n eggplant.
tambalihán n chameleon.
250
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
támbur n drum.
251
T
tanúm n plant.
tányag n offer.
tangá n cockroach.
252
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
253
T
tapútapú n dust.
254
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
táwu n man.
v /ma-/ to be born.
255
T
táytay n bridge.
tayúbung n starch.
téla n cloth.
telebísyon n television.
telegráma n telegram.
teleponó n telephone.
tenyénte n lieutenant.
256
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
tesoréro n treasurer.
tibákla n grasshopper.
257
T
tigána n left-overs.
258
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
tigíb n chisel.
v /mag-/ to shriek.
tigre n tiger.
259
T
tíndak n kick.
tínday n calf.
tinedór n fork.
tínta’ n ink.
260
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
tingádlaw n summer.
tíngug n voice.
típdas n measles.
261
T
típhag n landslide.
262
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
tómo n volume.
toneláda n ton.
263
T
trák n truck.
trámbya n trolley.
trayángulo n triangle.
trén n train.
tróno n throne.
trúsu n log.
tsá n tea.
tséke n check.
tsinélas n slipper.
264
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
tu’álya n towel.
tubú n sugarcane.
265
T
266
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
tukús v to bid.
267
T
túhud n knee.
tú’ig n year.
túl’an n bone.
tuláy n bridge.
268
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
tulún’an n book.
túmbaktúmbak n dragonfly.
269
T
270
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
tún’ug n dew.
adv between.
271
T
tutál n total.
tutúnlan n throat.
272
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
tuwáy n clam.
273
T
274
U
úbas n grape.
ubú n cough.
údtu n noon.
275
U
ugát n vein.
uláklub n eyelid.
276
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
adj poor.
úlu n head.
úlud n worm.
ulúnan n pillow.
277
U
únl an n pillow.
unús n storm.
278
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
usá n deer.
279
U
útan n vegetable.
útuk n brain.
uwáy n rattan.
uyáng n food which fell off from the plate during meal
time; wasted item.
280
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
281
W
282
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
283
Y
yábi n key.
yángkutyángkut n miscellaneous.
yáwa’ n devil.
284
HILIGAYNON DICTIONARY
yélo n ice.
yúdu n iodine.
yupúk n dimple.
Yurópa n Europe.
285