Dampers used in a TPP

Purposes, different types

and application
Dampers used in a Thermal Power Plant
Purpose Of Dampers:
Dampers for flue gas combustion air in power
plants have three principal functions:
1. A damper can modulate gas or air flow.
2. it can detour flow into an alternative duct
system.
3. it can isolate a process usually for inspection
and repair.
DAMPER TYPES:

All systems require dampers to control or shut off the flow of

gases. The degree of effectiveness in which this is done
influences the operation of the complete system.

It is imperative that the dampers are properly designed and

engineered so they will effectively complement other system
components and withstand the high temperature, pressure and
corrosive gas common in today’s process systems.

A damper for boiler flue gas service can have three basic functions.
Dampers modulate gas flow, divert gas flow into an alternate duct
system, or isolate equipment. There are three basic types of dampers:
· Louver
· Guillotine, or gate type
· Diverter, or flap
Each type, in its basic form, is designed for
a certain function.
Louvers are primarily intended for modulating gas flow.
Guillotines are for open / close isolation service only.
Diverters / Flaps have been successfully applied as an
effective isolator and also to provide modulation along
with primary function of flow diversion.
System Characteristics Which Define The Design
Of Dampers:
 Temperature
 Pressure
 Gas Chemistry
 Flow Velocity And Pressure Loss
 Particulate
THE GAS FLOW
Gas streams in the boiler backend are very different from
the simple and tranquil flow of air in ventilation ducts. In
the first place, the turbulence and vortices of the flow
are pronounced. Thorough combustion requires
thorough mixing of fuel and air, and every boiler
manufacturer takes pains to do this.
Once the products of combustion are created, they move
forward through line after line of tubes, around baffles,
past sharp turns, in and out of fans, and through
dampers. All this is at high speed, so the countless
vortices and flow irregularities set up a rapidly pulsing
flow, varying over duct sections and along the
duct. Buffering and vibration inducement occur at all
metal along the ducts.
Loading of Louvers Louvers Operating Mechanism of Louvers