Motivation: by Anna Cheng-Zhi Huang

Motivation
• Make composers more aware of their

Palestrina rule violations and to focus
on higher level aesthetic issues.!
• Extend creative technologies to CAC
Palestrina Pal to improve musical communication.
a grammar checker for music
compositions in the style of
Palestrina
by Anna Cheng-Zhi Huang
(annapokga@hotmail.com, junior in CSCI-MUCO)
(Faculty mentor Professor Chew). Anna Huang: ISE599: 2004 Palestrina Pal
Objective 16th century counterpoint

• a JAVA application
• OOP and GUIDO • the art of combining two or more
melodic lines which are independent
• checks for rule violations in
compositions in the style of yet coordinate in feeling.
Palestrina. • foundation for western music in
• automatically recognizes and following centuries.
highlights errors in a GUI • Italian Palestrina (1525 – 1594)
brought this style of music to its
peak.
Anna Huang: ISE599: 2004 Palestrina Pal Anna Huang: ISE599: 2004 Palestrina Pal
1
Why are these “tedious”
Input, output
rules necessary?
• based on “The Craft of Modal • What is GUIDO? (example shown)
Counterpoint” by Thomas • Input:
Benjamin. • GUIDO text file
• a grammar to define meanings, • piano keyboard
in music. • Output:
• harmonic, melodic and rhythmic • GUIDO text file
rules • MIDI
Composition rules
Harmonic rules:
implemented.
• harmonic: • Perfect parallelism
• parallelism, treatment of dissonance, etc • avoid parallel fifths, octaves and unisons.
• melodic: • Direct/Contrary parallelism

• leap intervals compensation, etc • avoid fifths and octaves approached by
leaps in the same direction or by contrary
• rhythmic: motion.
• choice of note values and placements, etc.
2
Continued Harmonic rules
(Dissonance treatments)
• Passing Tone • Suspension

• a half note or quarter note dissonance on • this idiom involves a consonant preparation,
dissonance (a half note) on the same pitch on a
the weak beat approached and resolved by strong beat, and resolution down by step to a
step and in the same direction. consonance.
• Neighbor Note • Anticipation (consonant or dissonant)
• a quarter or eighth note dissonance on the • a quarter note on the weak part of any beat that
weak part of a beat approached and anticipates the pitch of the coming consonant
vertical interval.
resolved in opposite directions.
Melodic rules: Rhythmic rules:
• Range • Note values

• soprano, alto, tenor and bass voices must operate • Basic note values are limited to double whole
within well-specified ranges. notes to eighth notes.
• Melodic leaps • Dotted note values
• use only m2, M2, m3, M3, P4, P5, m6(ascending • Any values other than the quarter and eighth
only), and P8(rare). notes may be dotted.
• Uncompensated leaps • Dotted note Positions
• melodic leaps are to be compensated • Dotted whole notes may begin only on beats 1 or
(approached and left in opposite direction as leap). 3, and dotted half notes must start on the
beginning of a beat.
3
Example Manual analysis
• Use Finale music notation software to input notes.

• Use GUIDO plugin to convert the Finale file.
• Enable the rules wanted and run Palestrina Pal software
• Error display and detection explained.
• Correct wrong notes by modifying the GUIDO code or by
keyboard interface.
• Save composition as MIDI, and play.
GUI with all the stops. Sicut Cervus by

Palestrina
4
Sicut Cervus: Result Source code design
• classes resemble real life music

composition objects.
• evaluation procedure mimics
how composers actually
proofread work.
Applications of Relevant Work Being

Palestrina Pal Conducted
• proofread compositions, not just • first system for automated
Palestrina style evaluation of Palestrina style
compositions.
• identify and analyze characteristics of
• potential for practical use in the
C16th counterpoint.
music classroom.
• evaluate computer-generated
• Farbood and Schoener [2] focus on
counterpoint in CAC. synthesis of Palestrina style
• music education, counterpoint theory compositions using Markov models.
5
Future Goals
• improve the user interface:

piano roll to show imitations.
• Conduct user studies
• incorporate secondary level
rules and suggestions for
corrections
Anna Huang: ISE599: 2004 Palestrina Pal

Motivation: by Anna Cheng-Zhi Huang

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Motivation

• Make composers more aware of their

Objective 16th century counterpoint

• melodic: • Direct/Contrary parallelism

• Passing Tone • Suspension

Melodic rules: Rhythmic rules:

• Range • Note values

• Use Finale music notation software to input notes.

GUI with all the stops. Sicut Cervus by

• classes resemble real life music

Applications of Relevant Work Being

• improve the user interface:

Anna Huang: ISE599: 2004 Palestrina Pal

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