EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEAKING
delivery
 An extemporaneous speech is a planned
and prepared speech. Unlike memorized
and manuscript speech which are delivered
word-for-word, an extemporaneous is
delivered with the help of short notes and a
clear outline.
 Most people who speak in public often
prefer the extemporaneous method of
delivery. Although it might look more
challenging than the manuscript or
memorized speech.
EXAMPLES EVENTS OF EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEAKING
 Political Campaign – Is an organized effort
which seeks to influence the decision
making progress within the specific group.
 High School and College Assignment -
Always do what your teacher ask you to do.
 Tournament – An event where speakers
receive their questions form. Check the
tournament entry to see which format and
which rules will be used.
 Business Presentation – like sales
presentation and intra-organization
presentation.
EXTEMPORANEOUS DELIVERY
Use notes or an outline: Provide yourself with
enough information to keep the speech on track.
Place a high priority on outline preparation.
Practice! Practice! Practice! An extemporaneous
delivery only works when the speaker is prepared.
The challenge is not to deliver the speech exactly
as you had planned. Rather, it is to present your
ideas and information in a natural and
conversational manner. Be flexible, be interactive,
be prepared.
ADVANTAGES OF EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEAKING
 Any good, well-versed speaker will find that
this type of speech will come naturally.
 The flexibility of this speech will allow for
jokes, anecdote, short story, or even
audience interaction.
 A speaker who is familiar with the topic will
be able to speak with passion, appear and
sound lively, and will be able to
demonstrate his expertise.
DISADVANTAGES OF EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEECH
 It is not for everybody, anyone who has a
fear of public speaking might not do well.
 If nor planned properly, it can end up being
long or to short.
 A person with no extensive vocabulary
might end up at a loss for words and terms.
EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEAKING
-Leave the speaker free to develop and maintain
direct eye contact.
 Leaves speaker free to use body dynamic
and gesture.
 Promotes an oral/spontaneous style of
 More conversational
 Allows the speaker a better opportunity to
adjust and adapt to audience/listener.
MANUSCRIPT SPEAKING
 This is when a speaker reads a pre-written
speech word by word to an audience.
 It is when an already prepared script is read
verbatim. The speaker makes the entire
speech by referring to the printed
document, or as seen on the teleprompter.
 An easy method of oral communication.
Manuscript speaking is generally employed during
official meetings, conferences, and in instances
where the subject matter of the speech needs to
be recorded.
1. A speech given by a Congressman on a
legislative bill under consideration.
2. A report read out by a Chief Engineer at an
Annual General Meeting.
3. A President's or Prime Minister's address to
the Parliament of a foreign nation.
4. A televised news report (given using a
teleprompter) seen on television.
Advantages of manuscript speech
✔ Precision in the text or the speech helps catch
the focus of the audience.
✔ It proves very effective when you have to put
forth an important point in less time.
✔ Concise and accurate information is conveyed,
especially when talking about contentious issues.
Disadvantages of manuscript speech
✘ If you are not clear in your speech and cannot
read out well, it may not attract any attention of
the audience.
✘ As compared to a direct speech, in a manuscript
that is read, the natural flow of the speaker is lost.
So is the relaxed, enthusiastic, interactive, and
expressive tone of the speech lost.
✘ A manuscript speech can become boring if read
out plainly, without any effort of non-verbal
communication with the audience.
Tips for an Appealing Manuscript Speech
❶ Use a light pastel paper in place of white paper
to lessen the glare from lights.
❷ Make sure that the printed or written speech is in
a bigger font size than normal, so that you can
comfortably see what you are reading, which
would naturally keep you calm.
❸ Mark the pauses in your speech with a slash, and
highlight the important points.
 ❹ Use your own wording if possible. Use short
and simple sentences.
❺ Highlight in bold the first word of a new
section or first sentence of a paragraph to help
you find the correct line faster.
❻ Don't try to memorize the text, highlights, or
the pauses. Let it come in the flow of things.
❼ Practice reading it out aloud several times, or
as many times as you can.
❽ Try keeping a smile on your face while
reading.
❾ Keep in mind that a manuscript speech does
not mean 'mere reading out'. Maintaining
frequent eye contact with the audience helps
involving them into the subject matter.
IMPROMPTU SPEAKING
 An impromptu speech is given with little or
no preparation, yet almost always with
some advance knowledge on the topic.
When called to speak "off the cuff" on the
"spur of the moment," is is usually because
the speaker is quite knowledgeable about
the subject.
Guidelines
1. Draw upon your personal experience and
knowledge
2. Use gestures and movement that arise
naturally from what you are saying
3. Be aware of the potential impact of your
communication
4. Consider your audience
5. Be brief
6. Organize
 ADVANTAGES
- Natural
- Genuine
- Spontaneous
- In control
 DISADVANTAGES
- Less content
- Disorganized
- Stuttering
Tips for the Speaker (Impromptu Preparation)
Make sure to plan an introduction and a
conclusion. If possible, take a few moments to think
about what you want to say to introduce the topic
and have some way of concluding.
Make a few notes for yourself on a card, phone, or
iPad. Or, text yourself a few single words to remind
yourself of the important ideas.
Consider the simple three part outline of an
Introduction, Body, and Conclusion, and fit your
ideas into that pattern.
Do not try to remember a detailed outline for your
entire speech; just remember the order of important
points.
Be sure to stop when you have made your points.
 If you do not know what to say next, you
can summarize and paraphrase what you
have just said, and then will probably be
ready to move on to the next topic.
 Remember that, in most situations, you will
know more about the subject than the
audience. Usually you will not be called up
to speak impromptu about something you
know nothing about, so you have probably
spoken about the general topic before or
you probably have knowledge to share with
others.
 Talk like you mean it. In other words speak
with conviction. You are explaining your
ideas or knowledge and you are an
authority.
 Relax!
MEMORIZED SPEAKING
• A memorized speech is a speech that is
recited from memory rather than read from
cue cards or using the assistance of notes.
This method of speech delivery does not
come as highly recommended as others.
Advantages of Memorized Speech
Advantages
• You Can Make Better Eye Contact
• You Sound Like an Expert
• You Can Avoid Distracting Speech
• You Can Move Around
Disadvantages
• time is required for memorization
• risk of forgetting part of the speech during
the delivery.
• the speech can sound memorized and lack
of spontaneity, reducing the speaker's
effectiveness
• the speaker cannot respond to the
audience/feedback.
How to Memorize A Speech
1. Memorizing a speech isn’t the thing you should
do.
• That memorization will make your delivery
robotic. Over-reliance on word per word
memorization can lead to an artificial
 sounding speech. There should be some
flexibility to your speech, particularly if
there’s a chance you might get interrupted
or need to change direction based on the
reaction from your audience.
2. Write Out the Speech
• The first step is to write out your speech.
There’s two ways you can do this. The first is
simply to write it out exactly how you want
to say it. If you’re comfortable as a writer, or
you are trying to script out a presentation
quite precisely, this can work. It’s often
better to write out the speech as an outline,
instead of as a full script.
3. Rehearse the Speech, With Your Script/Outline
• Very often, when you start reading your
speech aloud, you’ll recognize parts that
need to change. This is where you delete,
add or reorder large chunks to make it
sound better.
• If you wrote out a complete script, you’ll
need to do this several times to edit the
script to make it sound more natural.
4. Memorize, Big to Small
• The key to memorizing a speech is to
memorize it hierarchically. You want to start
with the broad chunks, then specific
paragraphs, phrases, and finally, specific
intonation and timing with words.
Reasons:
• It is because few people will hit the last
stage and memorize the tiny details.
Instead, the speech will be “good enough”
when you’ve memorized the broad content
of certain paragraphs, and are still loose
enough to switch the delivery a little bit.
• This gives you maximum practice at the
more zoomed out level of your speech. This
means you’ll have memorized this part the
best, and will be able to fall back on it if you
misremember a lower-level detail.
5. Start with the Big Chunks
The first place to start is with the biggest
chunks. These should be the logical and
rhetorical content of your speech. The
broad strokes of what you’re trying to talk
about.
If you’re giving a sales presentation, this
might be, “Describing the problem,” “What
our product is,” and, “How to buy it.”
The first way to memorize this is simply to
write out what these main points are on the
page and then, covering them up, try to
recall them.
6. Move to the Small Points
These are not sentences, but they represent
the meaning of what you want to say with
them. Depending on the speech there will
be a lot more of these.
Expand your bullets for your big chunks to
represent each idea with one or two key
words. Quiz yourself to memorize these
points. Your goal here should be perfect
recall of all the points. If asked, what are the
points for chunk X of the speech, you should
be able to flawlessly tell me what they all
are.
7. Memorize the Delivery
Now, hopefully, you’ve memorized the big
chunks of your speech and all the points you
need to make in each chunk. Since you’ve
done it in this order, the overall structure of
the speech should be deepest in your
memory, followed by the points to be made
and only finally some of the ways in which
you are trying to say those points. For many
speeches, this is enough.
You can simply go out and deliver your
presentation, knowing that even if you
change how you deliver it, the content will
remain the same.
8. Deliver the Speech
It’s important here to remember to focus on
the high-level chunks and points, not the
words and delivery in your mind at this
stage. Focus on what you want to say, and
the “how” of your delivery will simply come
out however you practiced it most before.
This step is important for a couple reasons:
1. It gives you maximal flexibility.
2. It will feel the most natural. What makes someone
feel natural in their delivery of a speech is that they
are feeling the content of the speech as if it was
coming to them right now.
KNOW YOUR AUDIENCE
Importance
-One of the most important and fundamental steps
before delivering a speech is that a speaker should
know the needs of their audience. This does not
mean that every speaker can fulfill every wish of an
audience, but effective public speakers know how
their audience is going to react to their message. In
every speech you give, whether it is to inform,
motivate, or entertain, you should know an
audience's likes, dislikes, and interests. In this
chapter, we will examine why you should research
your audience, and how to perform the necessary
research.
Superiors
- describe when the audience of a narrative work
knows more than one or more characters in the
narrative work.
- These are people/audience who are special
in whether in terms of work or anything that
makes them standout.
 - Learn to accept instructions and feedback
from your superiors as it is important to
understand their positions and reasoning.
You should not hesitate to ask for help when
you need it and to explain problems that
you encounter in your work when necessary.
Peers
It is important to be an active listener and speak
with discretion when communicating with your
colleagues/peers. It gives people the impression
that you are genuinely interested in their views and
shows respect to the speaker.
Speaking with discretion also helps to avoid
unnecessary misunderstandings. Cultivate the habit
to think before you speak so that you are more
likely to say the right thing at the right time.
Team Members
- Knowing audience members’ about a topic will
help a speaker determine the best way to reach
their goals. Imagine that a presenter is trying to
convince the community to build a park. A speaker
would probably be inclined to spend the majority of
the speech giving reasons why a park would
benefit the community.
- Every member of your audience will come to your
speech with a purpose in mind. When your speech
is finished, either they will leave with this purpose
fulfilled or they will leave disappointed because you
did not deliver the message they were expecting.
Before we examine why you should know the needs
of your audience, let us discuss why you were
chosen to speak in the first place.
Special Interest Groups
-Obviously, the first place you should start in
researching an audience is with the person who
invited you to speak. They will usually have a clear
understanding of the audience's needs and, in
most instances, they will know many, if not all, of the
people who are going to attend
Mixed groups
- These group are commonly group of people
that are not related in each other in terms of
religion , Culture or tradition or any aspects
that they might not be the same.
- If you are asked to speak to a local group, a
group that is a part of your own community,
you will probably already have a good
understanding of local customs and cultural
traditions. However, if you are being asked
to speak to an audience in a foreign city, or
especially a foreign country, one of your first
duties is to ensure that you familiarize
yourself with the proper way to behave in
front of them.
PREPARING AN OUTLINE
O Writing an outline is the best way to ensure
that you have a clear, structured, and well-
organized essay in which key information is
accessible and easy.
O An outline is a “blueprint” or “plan” for your
paper. It helps you to organize your
thoughts and arguments.
There are four main components to an outline:
1. theme
2. subcategories
3. supporting evidence
4. introspection
Your theme is your main idea. Every single point that
you make in your essay will relate to this main idea.
The entire theme of your essay should be stated
clearly and deliberately in your thesis statement.
O The theme is then supported
by subcategories—main points that illustrate
your theme. Each of these subcategories will
make up one body paragraph
O Then, each subcategory must
include supporting
evidence and introspection. Supporting
evidence demonstrates your points, and
introspection includes your insight and ideas
that you have developed on those points.
TO CREATE AN OUTLINE:
1. Place your theme at the beginning
2. List the major points that supports your theme. An
alphanumeric outline is the most common, easily
recognized outline type, and each subdivision is
identified by Roman numerals, capitalized letters,
Arabic numerals, and lowercase letters, in that
order.
O Roman numerals (I, II, III, etc,) are used to
mark each major heading or section. You
will typically have three for an essay outline:
one for your introduction, one for your body,
and one for your conclusion.
O Capitalized letters (A,B,C, etc.) mark each
primary point within a major section. Arabic
numerals (1, 2, 3, etc.) are used to flesh out
primary points.
O Lowercase letters (a, b, c, etc.) are used if
further detail is still required
3. Coordinate section titles and subordinate
subsections. Each section title should feature
information that is equally important to other
section titles and subsections should contain
information that is less important than your main
section titles.
THE BODY OF A SPEECH

1.The body of a speech

-The body covers everything you want to say duribg

your speech.

-begin developing your speech bybworking on the

middle first,or the body.

-the body should have 3-5 main points for a 20

minute to half hour presentation.

-once your speech is over, the audience is going to

remember main points only.

2.Building the body

A. Determine the main idea

B.use common organizing patterns

1.Categorical pattern- Create categories of

Information That go together to help support your
original specific purpose. It is a way to help the
speaker organize the message in a consistent
fashion.

2. Comparison pattern - compare two main points

which differs from each other and remember to
always make your specific purpose Be achieved.

3.problem-cause-solution - first state the problems or

conflicts that arrises from your topic and then
provide solutions That may help in solving the
problems stated.

C.Keep your speech moving.

1. Using Of transitions - transitions are phrase or

sentence that indicates a speaker is moving from
one main point to another main point

2. Using of Internal previews - Phrase or sentence

that gives an audience an idea of what is to come
within a section of speech. It is a way of outlining
what the speaker is going to talk about.

3. Sing of signposts. - signpost are simply meant to

help your audience keep up with your speech. This
signpost words are useful in highlighting important
informations.