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Aparna P Dept. of Civil Engineering Govt. College of Engineering Kannur
Aparna P Dept. of Civil Engineering Govt. College of Engineering Kannur
Aparna P Dept. of Civil Engineering Govt. College of Engineering Kannur
Aparna P
Dept. of Civil Engineering
Govt. College of Engineering Kannur
A dam is a barrier constructed across a river or a
with water
TYPES OF DAM
CLASSIFICATION BASED ON
FUNCTION
STORAGE DAM/ IMPOUNDING DAM
DETENTION DAM
DIVERSION DAM
COFFER DAM
DEBRIS DAM
STORAGE DAM/ IMPOUNDING DAM
HYDRAULIC
DESIGN
OVER-FLOW
DAM/OVER-FALL DAM
MATERIALS OF
CONSTRUCTION
RIGID DAM
STRUCTURAL
BEHAVIOR
GRAVITY DAM
ARCH DAM
BUTTRESS DAM
EMBANKMENT DAM
CLASSIFICATION BASED ON
SIZE
SMALL DAM
INTERMEDIATE DAM
LARGE DAM
SELECTION OF
SITE
FACTORS WHICH AFFECT THE
CHOICE OF THE TYPE OF DAM
❖TOPOGRAPHY-VALLEY SHAPE
❖GEOLOGY & FOUNDATION CONDITION
❖AVAILABILITY OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
❖SPILLWAY SIZE & LOCATION
❖ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
❖EARTHQUAKE ZONE
❖COST
❖GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
GRAVITY DAM
FORCES ACTING ON A
GRAVITY DAM
Water pressure
Weight of dam
Uplift pressure
Earthquake
Silt pressure
Wave pressure
Ice pressure
Wind pressure
WATER PRESSURE
𝟏Τ 𝒘𝑯𝟐 𝐻
•𝑷= 𝟐 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑠 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑦 𝑎𝑡 𝑎 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 above the base
3
When u/s face of a dam is either inclined
or is partially vertical
• Water pressure- horizontal & vertical
• 𝑃𝐻 = 𝟏Τ𝟐 𝒘𝑯𝟐
• 𝑃𝑽 = 𝑾𝒕. 𝒐𝒇 𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒅 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒎
MODES OF
FAILURES OF A
GRAVITY DAM
OVERTURNING
SLIDING
TENSION
OVERTURNING
The resultant force at any section cuts the base of the dam downstream
of the toe
If the resultant cuts the base within the body of the dam, there will be no
overturning
The dam must be safe against overturning
𝛴𝑅𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝐹𝑆 =
𝛴𝑂𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝛴𝑀𝑅
𝐹𝑆 =
σ 𝑀0
SLIDING
If the horizontal forces causing sliding are more than the resistance
𝑣 6∗𝑏/6 2𝑣
(𝑝𝑛)𝑡𝑜ⅇ = 1+ =
𝑏 𝑏 𝑏