LABORATORY REPORT 2

ECE 126 (Introduction to Analog

IC Design)

Submitted by: Jamalludin Salim P. Usman

Submitted to: Prof. Allenn C. Lowaton

 ACTIVITY 2

Common-Source Amplifier with Resistor Load and Source Degeneration

Introduction:

The common source amplifier circuit is one of the most commonly used providing current and voltage
gain along with a satisfactory input and output impedance. The small-signal amplification performance
of the common source amplifier can be improved with resistor load and source degeneration.

Objective:

The objective of this laboratory activity is to observe the operation of the Common-Source Amplifier
with resistor load and source degeneration. In this activity, will show the Vin – Vout transfer curve
obtaining the gain, gain bandwidth, and output of the amplifier with varying resistor loads.

Procedure:

STEP 1

Following the circuit below, simulate the Vin – Vout DC transfer curve and the frequency response.
DC ANALYSIS OF CS AMPLIFIER:

Vin-DC = 0.6V
Vout-DC = 1.75V

Vin-DC = 0.8V
Vout-DC = 1.55V

Vin-DC = 1V
Vout-DC = 1.24V
AC ANALYSIS OF CS AMPLIFIER:

Vin-DC = 0.6V
Vout-DC = 1.75V

Vin-DC = 0.8V
Vout-DC = 1.55V

Vin-DC = 1V
Vout-DC = 1.24V
STEP 2

Change the value of R in the previous circuit and simulate the resulting waveform and then list the
results.

R = 10kΩ

R = 15kΩ

R = 20kΩ
SIMULATION RESULTS WITH DIFFERENT VALUES OF R:

(W/L) = 0.5u / 0.7u ; Cload = 10p

R(kΩ) Rout(kΩ) Vin-DC(V) A(dB) -3B(Hz) G.B(Hz)

10 9.92 0.75 1.45 1.603 k 1.01 M

15 14.82 0.75 4.92 1.072 M 1.56 M

20 19.67 0.75 7.35 812.83 k 1.70 M

As shown in the table above, as the resistive load R of the amplifier increases the output
impedance also increases. Also there is an increased in the gain as the resistive load increases. For the
gain bandwidth there is a slight increase.

STEP 3

Following the circuit of the figure below, simulate the Vin – Vout DC transfer curve and the frequency
response.
DC ANALYSIS OF CS AMPLIFIER WITH S.D.:

Vin-DC = 0.75V
Vout-DC = 1.62V
AC ANALYSIS OF CS AMPLIFIER WITH S.D.:

Vin-DC = 0.75V
Vout-DC = 1.62V
DC Gain = 0.58 dB
Gain BW = 604.83 kHz
STEP 4

Change the value of Rs in the previous circuit and simulate the resulting waveforms and then list the
results.

Rs = 0.5kΩ
Vin-DC = 0.83V
Vout-DC = 1.62V

Rs = 1kΩ
Vin-DC = 0.85V
Vout-DC = 1.53V

Rs = 2kΩ
Vin-DC = 0.93V
Vout-DC = 1.48V
SIMULATION RESULTS WITH DIFFERENT VALUES OF Rs:

(W/L) = 0.5u / 0.7u ; Cload = 10p

Rs(kΩ) Rout(kΩ) Vin-DC(V) A(dB) -3B(Hz) G.B(Hz)

0.5 9.906 0.83 1.89 1.603 M 1.19 M

1 9.912 0.85 1.25 1.603 M 0.93 M

2 9.912 0.93 0.41 1.601 M 0.50 M

As shown in the table above, as the Rs of the amplifier increases the gain and gain bandwidth
decreases. This means that the value of Rs varies inversely with the gain and the gain bandwidth. As to
the output impedance there is no change.

STEP 5

Change the value of Rs in the previous circuit and simulate the waveforms to observe the relationship
between Ids and Vin.
 R = 0Ω

R = 0.5kΩ

R = 1kΩ

R = 2kΩ

As shown in the graph, Rs affects the slope of the Ids – Vin curves. The smaller the Rs, the steeper
the slope.

STEP 6

Following the amplifier configuration of the figure below, the input signal is an ideal sinusoidal wave
with 0.05v amplitude, and the frequency is 100 kHz. Perform the FFT analysis to Vin to get the frequency
spectrum.
FFT ANALYSIS OF Vin:

100kHz, -23.5dB

500kHz, -79dB
300kHz, -80.5dB

700kHz, -92.1dB
STEP 7

Perform the FFT analysis to Vout in the previous circuit while changing the value of Rs to get the
frequency spectrum and then list the results.

FFT ANALYSIS of Vout:

Rs = 0

100kHz, -28.8dB

200kHz, -59dB

300kHz, -81dB
Rs = 0.5kΩ

100kHz, -29.7dB

200kHz, -60.6dB

300kHz, -82.1dB

Rs = 1kΩ

100kHz, -30.5dB

200kHz, -62dB

300kHz, -82.9dB
Rs = 2kΩ

100kHz, -32dB

200kHz, -64.4dB

300kHz, -84.4dB

(W/L) = 0.5u / 0.7u ; Cload = 10p

2nd 3rd
Rs(kΩ) Vin-DC(V) Vin-AC (V) A(dB) Vout(dB) harmonic harmonic
(dB) (dB)

0 0.75 0.05 2.88 -28.8 -59 -81

0.5 0.75 0.05 0.58 -29.7 -60.6 -82.1

1 0.75 0.05 -0.2 -30.5 -62 -82.9

2 0.75 0.05 -1.57 -32 -64.4 -84.4

As shown in the table above, as the Rs of the amplifier increases the gain, output voltage, 2nd
harmonic, and 3rd harmonic decreases.
QUESTIONS:

1. How to increase the gain of common-source amplifier with resistive load? Explain what
changes will occur to the circuit characteristics when we use those methods.

To increase the gain of the common-source amplifier, the resistive load should also increase,
where the output impedance also increases if the resistive load increase. Also, when the aspect
ratio W/L of the device is increased, the gain and the drain current also increases. If Rs is added,
the gain increases when Rs decreases.

2. Replace Rs in figure 4.11 by a diode-connected NMOS. Using the steps we followed before,
what is the DC gain of this circuit?

To drive both NMOS to saturation, we increase the input voltage from 0.75V to 1.15V, these
results to a DC gain of -27.2dB. This means that when Rs is replaced by a diode-connected
NMOS, the DC gain of the amplifier decreases.

3. Using the configuration of question 2, perform the FFT analysis of Vin and Vout to get the
frequency spectrum of these waves. What happens to the circuit linearity? Is there any
difference with figure 4.11?

Vin:

100kHz, -27.2dB

300kHz, -84.2dB
500kHz, -82.7dB

700kHz, -95.8dB
 Vout:

100kHz, -44dB

200kHz, -59.5dB

300kHz, -81.2dB

In the FFT Analysis there is a significant decrease in the values of harmonics while the circuit
linearity is the same.