2.

1 The Diplomatic Status of South Korea-Brunei Relationship

This part of our paper is designed to give a general description of the diplomatic
relationship between Korea and Brunei. It will primarily examine economic relationships
in both countries in the field of trade and investment. Bilateral ties between these two
nations were lauded and developed tremendously. Since the establishment of diplomatic
ties in 1984, Korea and Brunei have maintained longstanding energy cooperation (Moon,
2019).

2.1.1 Brunei Darussalan-Korea Insfrascture Diplomacy

South Korea has touted “infrastructure diplomacy” as a way to deepen ties with
Brunei, with Korean firms involved in two of the largest construction projects in the
sultanate. The mammoth project is aimed at reducing travel time between the two
districts, allowing commuters to bypass Limbang, Sarawak and the four immigration
checkpoints along the overland route (Bandial, 2019). According to the statement of
Moon, this bridge also connects Brunei and Korea, through relentless pursuit of
technological advancement and sheer passion. It symbolises the long-standing relations
and deep trust with Bruneiaccording. This ageement provides, that two countries have
developed friendly cooperation in numerous areas, as well as infrastructure, energy and
people-to-people exchanges, over the thirty five years since establishing diplomatic ties,
according to Moon. They also agreed to continue their support therefore the countries'
cooperation in building a LNG worth chain spanning from gas mine development and
transportation to sales can additional expand, Cheong Wa Dae said.

2.1.2 Brunei Darussalan-Korea Expanding Energy Cooperation

Both countries aforesaid they might explore any collaboration in each the
upstream and downstream oil and gas sectors, and re-establish cooperation within the
LNG worth chain. Under the New Southern Policy, Moon aims to reduce South Korea's
heavy reliance on longtime trading partners such as the United States, China, Japan and
Russia by diversifying trading channels into ASEAN member countries. Kang said, In the
energy sector, we are currently working with Brunei’s state petroleum authority not only
to buy your natural gas but to jointly work together to develop new gas fields to produce,
to then advance into third market together. The two countries additionally mentioned joint
capacity-building in renewable energy, and can co-chair the meeting on renewable and
different power generation below the East Asia Summit.

Despite South Korea and Brunei’s rise as a significant middle power today, South
Korea and Brunei's foreign policy is a product of factors that have shaped its strategic
environment. Agreements such like these might deepen the ties between Brunei and
South Korea. This will give them the economic progress and the possibilty improving
their infrastructure for the betterment of their country and its citizens. Infrastructure
Diplomacy and Expanding Energy Cooperation can be very convenient for both South
Koreans and Bruneians. But the thing is every action has its own costs. Environmental
issues is one of the most controversial concepts of international politics. For us, these
diplomacy can be very costly and might ruin the environment. Environmental issues, and
the ones related to the exploitation of natural resources in particular, are perhaps the most
global, both in their essence and scale of action, and consequently the future of
humankind largely depends on its ability. Protecting the environment involves a new
perception of the relationship among states and we believe that they should focus more
on the effects of their agreement especially effects concerning the environment. In this
changing world, environmental issues are now framed in the industrial revolution,
because nations like Brunei and South Korea are focusing more on urbanization and the
development of infrastructures instead of thinking about the environment. Thus, we can
say that both South Korea and Brunei will face a new disorder based on environmental
challenges and their ability or inability to deal with the possible environmental problem.

3.1 The Diplomatic Status of China-Brunei Relationship

It arrange to give a general desciption of the diplomatic relationship between

china and brunei. It will examine that they agreed to further strengthen cooperation in
political and economic, and elevate their bilateral ties to a strategic cooperative
relationship. Looking forward, China-Brunei cooperation is very promising.

3.1.1 Establishing a Joint Steering Committee

Brunei and China has come to agreed about memorandum of understanding

between the government of the People’s Republic of China and the government of Brunei
Darussalam on establishing a Joint Steering Committee that emphasizes and enhance
cooperation in education, culture, sports, health and tourism, promote understanding and
friendship between the youths, expand exchanges at sub-national level, and boost
cooperation in judiciary. This plan of having a Joint Steering Commitee means having
deeper communication, coordination and collaboration between Brunei and China.

3.1.2 Memorandum of Understanding on Strengthening Defense Cooperation

Both Brunei and China agreed to empower their cooperation in defense and
security, and work closely to implement the Memorandum of Understanding on
Strengthening Defense Cooperation. Both sides are dedicated to safeguarding national
sovereignty, security and development interests of China and Brunei, and is ready to
work with the armed forces of other countries to jointly respond to challenges,
safeguarding the peace, security and stability not just in China and Brunei but also Asian-
pacific region and around world.

These joint agreements and memorandum is an opportunity to promote bilateral

cooperation in trade, investment, agriculture, security, people-to-people cultural
exchanges, and judicial assistance, thus benefiting the two nations. These memorandum
can help both countries to safeguard peace and stability.