ELECTRONIC DEVICES INDUSTRY

INTRODUCTION:

In present world, every little thing is interconnected with electronic devices. We can’t
imagine this world without electronic devices; people are so habituated to use these devices
in their daily basic life. Today’s electronic devices are made up of a wide variety of
components. Some, like resistors and capacitors, are simple and passive, while others, such as
advanced central processing unit (CPU) chips, are extremely complex and can contain over
20 billion transistors. In this lab, we introduce some simple components and some equipment
that can be used to generate and characterize electronic signals in the forms of voltages and
currents.

OBJECTIVE:

1. To analyse pre purchase, purchasing and post purchase consumer behaviour while
purchasing electronic devices.

2. To find out what influences a consumer to purchase electronic devices.

RESEARCH DESIGN:

QUESTIONNARIE:

1: Gender

a.Male

b. Female

2. Age

a. 18-24

b. 25-34

c. 35-44

d. Above 44

3. Education qualification

a. School

b. Graduate

c. PG

d. Ph.D
1. Dr.E.Murali Darshan etal(2019):

This study mainly focus on the consumer relationship in the

business. The main objective of this study is to the factors which effect the consumer
shopping behaviour on durable goods and how the income spend on purchasing of the
products. Its main factor is consumer purchase behaviour on durable goods. The durables
goods are are having long period where it means more than 3years like, refrigerator, cars,
AC etc. by this the researcher concluded that the consumer tastes and preferences are
diffferenrt. And now a days technology is increasing day by day. Consumer prefer to
purchase durable goods on online more and some times offline so they prefer both online and
offline store and also they choose their different brand in the store according to the brand
also they choose online and offline store they purchase durable gooods.

2.Surender kumar etal(2018)-

By this the research says that he created a relationship between

the industry people and buyers. By this their main parametrs is to consumer buying behaviour
on durable goods. Their major findings of the study indicates the consumer buying behaviour
towards online sites and which way theyt affect like it means through advertisements, social
nedia, word of mouth etc. the researcher concluded that the results indicates that composite
buying behaviour have a positive and significant impact on attitude to consumer buying
behaviour through electronic goods where they are too costly with the purchase behaviour.
GLOBAL OVERVIEW:

The electronics industry emerged in the 20th century and has now become a global industry
worth trillions of dollars. Contemporary society uses all manner electronic devices in
automated or semi-automated factories operated by the industry. Products are primarily
assembled from metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistors and integrated circuits, the
latter principally by photolithography and often on printed circuit boards.

The size of the industry and the use of toxic materials, as well as the difficulty of recycling
has led to a series of problems with electronic waste. International regulation and
environmental legislation has been developed in an attempt to address the issues.

The electronics industry consists of various sectors. The central driving force behind the
entire electronics industry is the semiconductor industry sector, which has annual sales of
over $481 billion as of 2018. The largest industry sector is e-commerce, which generated
over $29 trillion in 2017.

The most widely manufactured electronic device is the MOSFET (metal-oxide-

semiconductor field-effect transistor, or MOS transistor), which was invented by Mohamed
M. Atalla and Dawon Kahng at Bell Labs in 1959. It is the "workhorse" of the electronics
industry, with MOSFET scaling and miniaturization being the primary factor behind the rapid
exponential growth of electronic semiconductor technology since the 1960s.[7] The
MOSFET, which accounts for 99.9% of all transistors, is the most widely manufactured
device in history, with an estimated total of 13 sextillion (1.3 × 1022) MOSFETs having been
manufactured between 1960 and 2018.

HISTORY:

The electric power industry began in the 19th century and this led to the development of all
manner of inventions. Gramophones were an early invention and this was followed by radio
transmitters and receivers and televisions. The first digital computers were built in the 1940s
with a slow development in technology and total sales. In the 1970s and 1980s, the vacuum
tube, was largely supplanted by semiconductor components as the fundamental technology of
the industry.

The first working transistor, a point-contact transistor, was invented by William

Shockley, Walter Houser Brattain and John Bardeen at Bell Laboratories in
1947. The MOSFET (metal-oxide-silicon field-effect transistor), also known as the MOS
transistor, was invented by Mohamed M. Atalla and Dawon Kahng at Bell Labs in 1959. The
MOS transistor revolutionized the electronics industry. The MOS transistor is the most
common semiconductor device in the world. It is the building block of modern digital
electronics, and the "workhorse" of the electronics industry.

The silicon-gate MOS integrated circuit (IC) was developed by Federico Faggin at Fairchild
Semiconductor in 1968. The first single-chip microprocessor, the Intel 4004, was developed
by Federico Faggin, using his silicon-gate MOS IC technology, with Intel engineers Marcian
Hoff and Stan Mazor, and Busicom engineer Masatoshi Shima. This led to
the microcomputer revolution, which began in the 1970s. In the 1990s, the personal
computer became popular. With the digital revolution and information revolution, the
electronics industry has largely shifted to digital technology in the information age of the
early 21st century.

The rapid progress of the electronics industry during the late 20th to early 21st centuries was
achieved by rapid MOSFET scaling(Dennard scaling and Moore's law), down to the level
of Nano electronics in the early 21st century. The MOSFET is the most widely manufactured
device in history, with an estimated total of 13 sextillion (1.3 × 1022) MOSFETs
manufactured between 1960 and 2018.

The industry now employs large numbers of electronics engineers and electronics
technicians to design, develop, test, manufacture, install, and repair electrical and electronic
equipment such as communication equipment, medical monitoring devices, navigational
equipment, and computers. Common parts manufactured are connectors, system components,
cell systems, computer accessories, and these are made of alloy steel, copper, brass, stainless
steel, plastic, steel tubing and other materials.

Industry Overview: Electrical Equipment

The Electrical Equipment Industry consists of companies that make a range of products
for a diverse customer base. This sector is fragmented, but there are a few members that lay
claim to a sizable portion of sales. Products include electrical motors, commercial and
industrial lighting fixtures, heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems and components,
and, among others, electrical power equipment. Operating structures involve high fixed costs.
Too, copper, aluminium and steel are essential raw materials used in the manufacture of
products. (Fluctuations in commodities prices can have an impact on the group's earnings
performance.) The industry spans all corners of the world, and it is subject to the influence of
the macroeconomic cycle.

A Global Sector

Equipment companies primarily serve the mature markets of North America and Europe, but
they have found growth venues in the emerging world. Expansive global coverage helps to
smooth the effects of the broader business cycle. Capable management is required to oversee
long distribution networks and far flung operations. In recent years, companies have
established more overseas brick-and-mortar facilities, which has allowed them to better serve
local markets economically and limit the negative impact of foreign currency exchange.
Emerging nations have provided an impetus for growth and low-cost labour, production and
land.

Economic Factors

Top- and bottom-line trends in the industry often track the broad economic cycle. During
periods of prosperity, when they are flush with cash, customers are comfortable expanding
their capital budgets and spending on electrical equipment. At times, when there is
uncertainty as to the direction of the economy, those controlling the purse strings delay
 spending decisions, which can hurt short-term operating results. When business conditions
are very challenging, customers may pull back dramatically on equipment orders. Companies
try to repair and replace equipment during regular, seasonal or cyclical slack periods. Often,
managers will attempt to extend the useful life of equipment as long as possible.

MARKET SIZE:
Apr 01, 2019 (The Express wire via COMTEX) -- Industrial Electronics Industry:2019
Market Research with Size, Growth, Manufacturers, Segments and 2025 Forecasts

Industrial Electronics market report includes the competitive landscape which provides a
depth analysis of the current technologies, market trends, and developments that will be
beneficial for the companies, which are competing in the market. Industrial Electronics
market report also offers an overview of revenue, sales, product demand, and supply of data,
cost, and growth analysis during the forecast year.

Industrial Electronics Consumption by Region:

North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America, Middle East and Africa.

Industrial Electronics Market Manufacturers:

Altera Corporation (USA), Analog Devices, Inc. (Adi) (USA), Blue radios, Inc. (USA),
Cactus Semiconductor, Inc. (USA), Dover Corporation (USA), General Electric Company
(Ge) (USA), Honeywell (USA), Intel (USA), Maxim Integrated Products (USA), British
Physical Laboratories India Pvt Ltd (Bpl) (India), Crompton Greaves Ltd (India), Crown
Equipment Pty Ltd (Australia), Fuji Electric Holdings Company, Limited, (Japan), Fujitsu
Limited (Japan),

Major Key Features of Global Industrial Electronics Market:

1. Gives detailed overview of Industrial Electronics market with future development and
status
analysis of global Industrial Electronics market key manufacturers with product details,
company information, contact information, and production information.
2. Provides forecast of global Industrial Electronics market with export and import, demand
and supply, market shares, profit, and cost.
3. Share detailed industrial technology of Industrial Electronics market with trends and
opportunities.
4. To provide trending factors influencing the market shares of the Asia, pacific, north
America, Europe and the middle east and Africa
5. Global Industrial Electronics market analysis of downstream industry, industry chain
structure and upstream industry
6. Global Industrial Electronics market analysis with market competition and market status
by countries and companies
7. To analyze global Industrial Electronics market production, market cost, and profit,
capacity, and production of the market
8. Global Industrial Electronics market report also covers traders/distributors, market effect
factor analysis and analysis of marketing strategy

Key Business Indicators

There are some key indicators of the industry's prospects. The Institute of Supply
Management's Purchasing Managers Index provides a near real-time view of manufacturing
production, employment levels, new orders, supplier deliveries and inventory turnover. A
reading above 50 indicates expansion, and one below that figure marks a manufacturing
contraction. Durable Goods Orders, released by the U.S. Census Bureau, is another important
statistic. Such consumer goods last three years or more and are relatively expensive. Month-
to-month trends are a good indication of whether the economy is cycling up or down.
Additionally, the Federal Reserve Board regularly releases capacity utilization figures.
Utilization is high when demand is strong and low when demand is weak. Capacity
utilization rates above 80% suggest that equipment spending will rise; such levels may also
indicate that inflation will increase.

Indian Electronic Goods overview

Introduction:

Indian electronics companies had majorly benefited from economic liberalization policies of the
1980's, including the loosening of restrictions on technology and component imports, delicensing,
foreign investment, and reduction of excise duty. Output from electronic plants in India grew from Rs
1.8 billion in FY 1970 to Rs 8.1 billion in FY 1980 and to RS 123 billion in FY 1992. During this
period, major advances were made in the domestic computer industry that led to more sales.
Consumer electronics in India account for about 30% of total electronics production of the country.
Few of them are electronic components, computer and telecommunications, office equipment’s,
consumer electronics as well as industrial electronics.

History:
Indian electronic industry dates back to the early 1960's .Electronics was one industry initially
restricted to the development and maintenance of fundamental communication system including radio
broadcasting, telephonic and telegraphic communications and augmentation of defence capabilities.
Until 1984, the electronic industry was primarily government owned and then in 1980's witnessed a
rapid growth of electronic goods due to sweeping economic changes , resulting in the liberalisation
and globalisation of the economy. By 1991 in the country private investments- both foreign domestic
were encouraged. The Indian electronic industry is a text for investors who consider India as a
potential investment opportunity.

Size of the industry:

In the year 2005 India's electronic consumption was around 1.8%. It is likely to touch 5.5% in 2010.
According to a study conducted by ISA and Frost Sullivan, India's semi-conductor market would
grow by 2.5 times. The end user products of semi-conductor would include mobile handsets; desktops
note books, pc's etc.

Market capitalisation:

The Indian electronic markets were at US$11.5 billion in 2004, and then the market grew worldwide
for the next several years. Indian electronics industry is expected to grow at a compound annual
growth rate (CAGR) of 23% by 2010 to reach US$40 billion. Though it’s total output will be far
behind china electronic market, worth US$271.97 billion in 2004, India promises a better market with
the bears watching. Low manufacturing costs in skilled labour and raw materials, availability of
engineering skills, and opportunity to meet demand in the populous Indian market, are driving its
electronics markets.

Top leading companies:

 Video projectors: Phil systems , Kelton projectors , Birla 3M , Smart video vision
 Colour television: LG electronics, Philip, Sony; Sansui, Samsung, BPL, Videocon etc.
Total contribution to the economy sales:

Indian electronics industry today stands at US$ 25 billion and is ranked in 26th in the world in the
terms of sales and 29th in the world in terms of production. It is growing at over 25% CAGR and is
expected to be the worth US$ 158 billion by 2015. Electronic industry is one of the fastest growing
industries in the country and is driven by growth in key sectors such as IT, consumer electronics and
telecom.

The demand for electronics is expected to be fuelled by the growth of:

 Telecommunication(250 million subscribers by the next few years)

 PCs and note book (5 million every year)
 Broad band connectivity reaching rural areas.