GRATED COCONUT-OIL- AS ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOLUTION

(GRACOALS) FOR CONSUMERSIN DONSOL,SORSOGON

Adeline Asusano

Juliana Averilla

Aaron Cadag

John Earl Caramancion

Aaron Joshua Fabia

 Chapter 1

The Problem

Introduction

The coconut palm tree often described as “Tree of Life” is known as the

very beneficial and most extensively grown tree in the world. The main coconut

producing countries worldwide are the Philippines, Indonesia, India, Papua New

Guinea and the Pacific Islands. The various parts of the coconut have a number

of culinary uses. One of which is the dessicated coconut or also known as the

grated coconut - a processed part of the tree's fruit. Desiccated coconut is a

grated, dried and unsweetened fresh meat or kernel of a mature fruit of coconut.

This is ideal in cooking purposes, when extracted it can be used for cooking

vegetables and other recipes. After using the grated coconut for cooking, some

people are just throwing this because it seems like a waste for them. In regards

to this matter, here are some intriguing questions. How can be this used coconut

gratings be again beneficial to the consumers themselves? Is it possible to use

this as a main ingredient for making an alternative charcoal? So here it goes.

The primary cause of ecological degradation is the fact that there are too

many people living in too unequal societies who are making use of too many

unsustainable technologies and are consuming too many resources, which

eventually produce too much waste. Sustainability may be brought about through

smaller populations living in relatively equal societies, making use of appropriate

green technologies, consuming responsibly, reusing waste, and producing less

waste. With the Earth’s human inhabitants being the way they are, however,

environmental deterioration continues to increase. The rapid depletion of natural

resources is happening in all nations and significantly straining the quality of the

planet’s water, soil, and air. The pattern of production and consumption begs the

question: can the Earth’s natural resources feed and sustain a growing and

increasingly urbanized population? It is estimated that the Earth’s renewable

natural resources has declined by over thirty percent over the last thirty years

while the demands on them has increased by fifty percent. This environmental

deterioration is made worse by the indiscriminate disposal of waste materials.

Whenever something is thrown out or is considered to be waste, resources are

lost. This called for the extraction of more natural resources to replenish our

society’s never ending need for more products. Indiscriminate dumping has led to

our streets being lined with trash and to the flooding of our urban dwellings. Our

health is threatened when canals, clogged by wastes, become breeding grounds

for insects that bring about diseases like cholera and dengue. Respiratory

diseases are also brought about by the burning of garbage in the backyards.

Landfills produce methane gas which is a potent greenhouse gas.Grated coconut

as one of the contributors to solid waste in the world underwent through many

different innovations and researches.This motivates the researcher of this study

to make a charcoal out of these wastes; in which, could be beneficial to human

and to the environment.

Charcoal is a solid fuel used for heating and cooking that is created

through the process of carbonization. It is usually produced by slow pyrolysis —

the heating of wood or other organic materials in the absence of oxygen. This

process is called charcoal burning. The finished charcoal consists largely of

carbon. The advantage of using charcoal instead of just burning wood is the

absence of water and other components. This allows charcoal to burn at higher

temperatures, and give off very little smoke. Ithas been used since earliest times

for a large range of purposes including art and medicine, but by far its most

important use has been as a metallurgical fuel. Charcoal is the traditional fuel of

a blacksmith's forge and other applications where an intense heat is required.

Charcoal was also used historically as a source of black pigmentby grinding it up.

In this form charcoal was important to early chemists and was a constituent of

formulas for mixtures such as black powder. Due to its high surface area

charcoal can be used as a filter, and as a catalyst or as an adsorbent.

Republic Act No. 8749, otherwise known as the Philippines Clean Air act,

is a comprehensive air quality management policy and program which aims to

achieve and maintain healthy air for all Filipinos. This mainly require industries to

reduce pollutants released into the air. The coal industry has found several ways

to reduce sulfur and other impurities from coal. The industry has also found more

effective ways of cleaning coal after it is mined, and some coal consumers use

low sulfur coal. Power plants use flue gas desulfurization equipment, also known

as scrubbers, to clean sulfur from the smoke before it leaves their smokestacks.

In addition, the coal industry and the U.S. government have cooperated to

develop technologies that can remove impurities from coal or that can make coal

more energy efficient, which reduces the amount of coal that is burned per unit of
useful energy produced. Equipment intended mainly to reduce SO2, NOx, and

particulate matter can also be used to reduce mercury emissions from some

types of coal. Scientists are also working on new ways to reduce mercury

emissions from coal-burning power plants. Research is underway to address

emissions of carbon dioxide from coal combustion. One method is carbon

capture, which separates CO2 from emissions sources and recovers it in a

concentrated stream. The CO2 can then be injected underground for permanent

storage, or sequestration. Reuse and recycling can also reduce the

environmental effects of coal production and use. Land that was previously used

for coal mining can be reclaimed and used for airports, landfills, and golf courses.

Waste products captured by scrubbers can be used to produce products such as

cement and synthetic gypsum for wallboard.

Coal-fired power plants are expected to continue to account for a

significant share in the Philippines’ energy mix until 2020 despite strong

headwinds from government and civil society. According to a paper from Energy

and Natural Resource Market Reports, coal’s share will remain high at about 32

percent of total energy consumption even amid strong opposition from

environmentalists. Consumer welfare advocates as well as electricity industry

players have also warned of rising power costs due to increases in the excise tax

on coal. The Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion (TRAIN) law raises the

tax on coal from P10 per metric ton previously to P50 per ton this year. The coal

tax would rise further to P100 per ton in 2019 and to P150 per ton in 2020. The

Poland-based research firm said the Philippines would replace imported coal
used in power generation with local output thanks to increased production from

the Visayas and new mines in Mindanao. The company took note of production

in Semirara Island in the Visayas, where Semirara Mining and Power Corp. was

undertaking efforts to increase coal output by one-third in volume to reach 16

million metric tons in the next two to three years.

“The Philippines will gradually reduce its dependence on imported energy,

as petroleum products from overseas decline in importance in its energy mix and

as the country makes more use of locally available fuels,” the report said. “Fossil

fuels will remain the Philippines’ main source of energy, but the country will also

continue to exploit alternative energy sources.”

This study focuses on Grated Cocos Nucifera as an alternative charcoal

that could possibly be used for cooking purposes. The researchers will make

several tests to know the level of effectiveness of the said natural and recycled

ingredients for an eco-friendly result. The observation of different factors such as

duration and side effects to the users will be highly upheld by the researchers.
Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to determine the level of effectivity of charcoal made

only from grated coconut and oil in terms on cooking different raw foods.

Specifically, it sought to answer the following specific questions:

1. What are the components of grated coconut and oil if combined together that

will make an efficient alternative charcoal?

2. What is the amount level of the independent variable (oil) to the dependent

variable (grated coconut) in respect to the product’s effectiveness?

3. What is the level of effectivity of charcoal made from grated coconut and oil in

terms on cooking different raw foods?

4. What can be proposed based from the result of the study?

Significance of the Study

This study will provide useful information and will benefit the following

entities:

Energy Source Consumers. The main user of energy sources may it be

natural or not, this study will provide information needed for the energy source

consumers to learn about grated coconut as a charcoal and or burning fuel. They

will be benefited by this research by giving them the idea on making an

alternative charcoal for cooking.Consequently,would help them to lessen their

expenses.

Community. This will help community to attaininformation about the

ingredients’ component that have been combined to create a product that can be

an effective substitute for the existing one. Also, the community can productively

contribute against illegal activities by not using wood charcoal as a solid fuel.

Environment.Coconut is widely dispersed plant that has important

pharmacological effect with low toxicity. Furthermore, medicinal use of coconut

has an environmental appeal, since this plant is widely used in the food industry

and use of discarded plant parts will reduce waste and pollution.

Donsol National Comprehensive High School. This study should be a

great contribution to the school itself to know more about other alternative

burning fuel such as grated coconut combined with oil as a charcoal. On the

other hand, it will give attention to the school’s working personnel.

 Future researchers.The result of this research may serve as a basis for

parallel researches which could make use for comparison on other related

researches.

Scope and Delimitation

This study was primarily concerned on finding out the level of effectivity of

thealternative charcoal and involved conducting an experiment to interpret the

outcome. This aims to determine what components of grated coconut and oil

when combined together will make an effective charcoal as an alternative for the

consumers in Donsol, Sorsogon. The experiment conducted wasthe primary

source of data of the study. The two ingredients used in the experiment were

combined to produce the desired product needed by the study.

The researchers mustbe accurate and meticulous. In terms of the grated

coconut, both squeezed and unsqueezed gratings can be used. When exposed

under the sun, it ranges for about 6 hours and above as long as the grated

coconut is finely dried. Oil’s brand does not matterat all. Significant

recommendations to further improve the product were also one of the focus of

the study. However, our product is less compact than the coconut shell and wood

charcoal due to the pulverized coconut gratings.

 Chapter 2

Review on Related Literature and Studies

This chapter presents the review of related literature and studies which has a

bearing on the present research work. Chapter 2 also provides the synthesis of

the art and gap bridged by the study.

Related Literature

Delfin T Mallari “Wood charcoal making in Quezon is now prohibited. The

only charcoal material to be allowed is coconut shell which abounds in the

province,” Board Member Victor Reyes told the Inquirer in an interview Friday.He

said the Sangguniang Panglalawigan adopted the wood-charcoal- ban provision

of the provincial environment code in a hearing conducted by the committee on

environment and natural resources.Reyes noted that wood charcoal particularly

from mangroves have been the preferred fuel of the thriving lechon business in

Metro Manila and in other parts of the country.The board member said the high

demand have caused the fast depletion of young forest trees and mangroves in

Quezon coastal areas.Board Member Rachel Ubana, chairperson of the

provincial council committee on environment, said wood charcoal traders will also

face government sanctions if found transacting business in the province.“We also

have to deal with them to stop the business trade that caused the destruction of

the remaining trees in the province,” Ubana said.Fr. Pete Montallana, chair of

Save Sierra Madre Network, welcomed the prohibition against wood charcoal

making in the province.“That is a welcome development. I congratulate the

members of the provincial council for adopting such a decisive stand against

environmental destruction,” the Franciscan priest said over the phone.He

described wood charcoal making in the Sierra Madre as the “last nail in the coffin

of Mother Earth”.

“Charcoal makers were more than par with illegal loggers because they cuts

young trees for their raw materials,” Montallana said as he noted that sacks of

wood charcoals for sale continue to lined up along the highways of Real, Infanta

and General Nakar towns at the foot of Sierra Madre in northern part of the

province.

He urged the provincial officials to continue their struggle against environmental

destroyers.On Wednesday, provincial officials and environmentalist group

Tanggol Kalikasan found stacks of illegally cut fully grown mangroves in a one

hectare coastal area in Barangay Salinas here.The mangroves were sewn either

as lumber or for charcoal production.

Genaro Jordan Rondina (2012) “Charcoal Production” Defining charcoal is

hard to attain. Researches about charcoal have varied descriptions because of

its several uses and the way it is produced. However, let it suffice what the

American Chemical Society (M.J. Antal, Jr. and M. Gronli, 2003) describes:

carbon (or charcoal) is a preferred product of biomass pyrolysis at moderate

temperatures, with byproducts of carbon dioxide, water, methane, and traces of

carbon monoxide. This description fits how the farmers produce charcoal in San

Narciso, Quezon which will be described later how the charcoal is produced.In

Metro Manila, there is a high demand of charcoal in the market. Food businesses

using charcoal are observable: Mang Andoks, Mang Inasal, Seňor Pedro, etc.

These food businesses can be seen in Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Not to

mention the several other food businesses using charcoal and sprouting around

the entire country, thus, charcoal is widely used in the Philippines. In fact, a

certain percentage of households still uses charcoal as fuelwood in cooking food

despite advances in technology and other available sources of energy like

electricity, kerosene, and LPG. Charcoal has always been a favorite fuel for

cooking (J.M. Antal, Jr. and M. Gronli, 2003). Charcoal is used for cooking,

smoking fish, and lime burning in Tondo and Malabon, for pottery and tile firing in

nearby Pasig and Makati, and for brick making (D.F. Doeppers, 2007). Charcoal

is also used for arts going back to ancient times 30,000 – 38,000 years ago until

today (M.J. Antal, Jr. and M. Gronli, 2003). Charcoal is also useful in cement. It

contributes to better cement quality (P.B. Onaji and R.V. Siemons, 1993).

Charcoal also improves nutrient contents resulting to increase of maize yields

(P.G. Oguntunde, et. al., 2004). In the Philippines, the certain percentage of

charcoal users has been determined in terms of household energy consumption

by the National Statistics Office. Three surveys have been conducted in 1989

(32.1%), 1995 (38.5%), and 2004 (34.2%). Bensel and Remegio (2002) present

an estimate report that there is 1–2 million metric tons per year (estimate range)
and 1.2 million metric tons per year (best estimate) of household charcoal

consumption. This is equivalent to 7.2 million metric tons of wood. This only

shows that Filipinos still use charcoal despite advances in technology (electricity,

LPG, and Kerosene). Obviously, charcoal is highly being demanded in the

market; and as response it is produced with reasons despite the danger it can

cause to the environment and human life.

Related Studies

Budi, E.; Umiatin, U.; Nasbey, H.; Bintoro, R. A.; Wulandari, Fi; Erlina, E.

(2018) “Adsorption and Pore of Physical-Chemical Activated Coconut Shell

Charcoal Carbon” The adsorption of activated carbon of coconut shell charcoal

on heavy metals (Cu and Fe) of the wastewater and its relation with the carbon

pore structure was investigated. The coconut shell was pyrolized in kiln at

temperature about 75 - 150 °C for about 6 hours to produce charcoal and then

shieved into milimeter sized granule particles. Chemical activation was done by

immersing the charcoal into chemical solution of KOH, NaOH, HCl and H3PO4,

with various concentration. The activation was followed by physical activation

using horizontal furnace at 400°C for 1 hours in argon gas environment with

flow rate of 200 kg/m3. The surface morphology of activated carbon were

characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Wastewater was

made by dissolving CuSO4.5H2O and FeSO4.7H2O into aquades. The metal

adsorption was analized by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The

result shows that in general, the increase of chemical concentration cause the

increase of pore number of activated carbon due to an excessive chemical attack

and lead the increase of adsorption. However it tend to decrease as further

increasing in chemical activator concentration due to carbon collapsing. In

general, the adsorption of Cu and Fe metal from wastewater by activated carbon

increased as the activator concentration was increased.

Budi, Esmar; Umiatin, Nasbey, Hadi; Bintoro, Ridho Akbar; Wulandari,

Futri; Erlina (2016) “Activated coconut shell charcoal carbon using chemical-

physical activation” The use of activated carbon from natural material such as

coconut shell charcoal as metal absorbance of the wastewater is a new trend.

The activation of coconut shell charcoal carbon by using chemical-physical

activation has been investigated. Coconut shell was pyrolized in kiln at

temperature about 75 - 150 °C for about 6 hours in producing charcoal. The

charcoal as the sample was shieved into milimeter sized granule particle and

chemically activated by immersing in various concentration of HCl, H3PO4, KOH

and NaOH solutions. The samples then was physically activated using horizontal

furnace at 400°C for 1 hours in argon gas environment with flow rate of 200

kg/m3. The surface morphology and carbon content of activated carbon were

characterized by using SEM/EDS. The result shows that the pores of activated

carbon are openned wider as the chemical activator concentration is increased

due to an excessive chemical attack. However, the pores tend to be closed as

further increasing in chemical activator concentration due to carbon collapsing.

Ed Samuel A. Bacalatos (2015) “FEASIBILITY OF BANANA (MUSA

ACUMINATA) AND ORANGE (SITRUS SINENSIS) PEELINGS AS

CHARCOAL” The use of trees on making charcoals has been a major factor that

contributes to the climate change in developing countries especially Philippines.

Thousands of tons of trees have been cut and the trend is still going on that

result in deforestation due to its production. Fruit peelings from bananas (musa

acuminata) and oranges (citrus sinensis) can save the country from becoming

dry for there are other benefits apart from becoming sources of food. Banana and

orange peels can be used as another sources of making charcoal without

causing much hazard towards the environment. With this, trees will be saved

from less as the main source of charcoal. In this study, the feasibility of the

banana and orange peels as sources of making charcoal was tested. This

includes the processes of sun-drying the fruit peelings until half-burned and then

sheaved. The sheaved peelings was mixed with clay soil and cassava flour to

bound. There are three mixtures held in the experiment: 1st mixture having

banana peelings only bound with clay soil and cassava flour, 2 nd mixture having

orange peelings only bound with clay soil and cassava flour, and 3rd mixture

having both fruit peelings bound with clay soil and cassava flour. The mixtures

were then molded to become briquettes and fully-dried. After the the mixture

briquettes were set in flame, all of them have efficacy to ignite like common

charcoal. Therefore, fruit peelings of oranges and bananas can be used as an

alternative for charcoal.

Synthesis of the State-of-the-Art

Budi Esmar et al.’s study on “Activated coconut shell charcoal carbon using

chemical-physical activation” is about investigation on coconut shell charcoal

carbon by using chemical-physical activation. Through pyrolysis process

(application of heat), the coconut shell was chemically decomposed and

afterwards, immersed with various concentration of solutions.

The result shows that the pores of activated carbon are opened wider as the

chemical activator concentration is increased due to an excessive chemical

attack. However, the pores tend to be closed as further increasing in chemical

activator concentration due to carbon collapsing. Meanwhile, the present study

used grated coconut as our main ingredient in making a charcoal and the

researchers used natural heating method from sunrays unlike Budi Esmar et al.’s

study that uses pyrolysis method or process.

Correlated to Budi Esmar’s research, U. Umilatin et al.’s study on “Adsorption

and Pore of Physical-Chemical Activated Coconut Shell Charcoal Carbon” also

used pyrolysis process and immersion with various concentrations, but uniquely

investigated heavy metals (Cu and Fe) of the wastewater and its relation with the

carbon pore structure. As for the specified result in this study, the adsorption of

Cu and Fe metal from wastewater by activated carbon increased as the activator

concentration was increased. The present study, on the other hand, just focuses

on immersing the processed grated coconutwith oil in consideration on the

emission of the charcoal gases.

Ed Samuel A. Bacalatos study “Feasibility of Banana (Musa Acuminate) and

Orange (Sitrus Sinensis) Peelings as Chacoal” emphasized that the use of trees
on making charcoals has been a major factor that contributes to the climate

change in developing countries especially Philippines. Thus, banana and orange

peels can be used as another sources of making a charcoal without causing

much hazard towards the environment. He concluded that fruit peelings of

oranges and bananas can be used as an alternative for charcoal. Similar to the

present study, the researchers want to develop a charcoal that could be a

substitute for wood charcoal in order to contribute meaningfully worldwide. We

also made use of organic material as our main ingredient so that it will lessen the

toxicity content of the charcoal and efficacy of the product to ignite like a common

charcoal was also considered.

Gap Bridged by the Study

This study aimed to have an alternative solution for energy consumers in

Donsol, Sorsogon. Good solution are not possible without good alternatives.

Generating good alternatives is a source of important insights both from a

technical perspective and a values perspective

The researchers have an idea regarding alternative solution for energy

consumers from the contents of related literature and related studies. There were

studies that used banana and orange peelings in making the alternative charcoal.

Others focuses on the benefits of the actual coconut shell charcoal but not just

for energy purposes. Most of the study were not really focused on creating an

alternative solution considering the consumers of the charcoal. This study is

conducted in order to have an alternative solution for energy consumption in a

practical way. The researchers considered the consumers. Having grated Cocos

Nucifera (coconut) as the main ingredient is a step up in a way where people can

acquire the ingredient or the researched product for a low cost or for free.

Theoretical Framework

In 1909, Freundlich expressed an empirical equation for representing the

isothermal variation of adsorption of a quantity of gas adsorbed by unit mass of

solid adsorbent with pressure. This equation is known as Freundlich Adsorption

Isotherm.

Adhesion of atoms, ions, biomolecules or molecules of gas, liquid, or

dissolved solids to a surface is called adsorption. This process creates a film of

the adsorbate- the molecules or atoms being accumulated, on the surface of the

adsorbent. The molecules of gases or liquids or the solutes in solutions adher to

the surface to the solids. In adsorption process, two substances are involved.

One is the solid or the liquid on which adsorption occurs and it is called

adsorbent. The second is the adsorbate, which is the gas or liquid or the solute

from a solution which gets adsorbed on the surface. Adsorption is different from

absorption. In absorption, the molecules of a substance are uniformly distributed

in the bulk of the other, whereas in adsorption molecules of one substance are

present in higher concentration on the surface of the other substance.

There are four factors affecting adsorption. (1) Nature of adsorbate &

adsorbent. (2) The surface area of adsorbent. (3) Activation of adsorbent; and (4)

Experimental condition (e.g. temperature, pressure, etc). This theory will play a

crucial part in our study for the reason that an activated charcoal adsorbing

gases like CO2, SO2, and CL undergoes this process.

Adsorption Isotherm
Theory

Grated Coconut, Banana Peel

and Paper as Solid Substance
that absorbs Starch as an
another substance

Accurate amount of
Ingredients for Adsorption
process
 Figure 1. Theoretical Framework

Conceptual Framework

This study focuses on making Grated Coconut as a charcoal. The researchers

will gather ingredient and observe its impact in cooking purposes and search for

the active component it contains. It aims to determine the level of effectiveness

and efficiency of the product; and also the methods used in processing the

alternative charcoal.
 Gathering
Ingredients

Grated
Coconut
(Cocos OIL
Nucifera)

Process
 Charcoal
(Product)

Effectiveness Efficiency
Hypothesis

The hypothesis of this study was stated in simple form and tested at 0.05

level of significance.

There are correlation effects betweenindependent and dependent

variablesprior to their components and amount level.

Figure 2. Conceptual Paradigm

 Chapter 3

Research Design and Methodology

This chapter presents the research, method, procedures and sources of

data, respondents of the study of research instrument.

Research Design

The descriptive and experimentalmethods of research were used in

this study. The descriptive method ascertains prevailing typical conditions at a

particular period of time. Moreover, descriptive method is the process of

gathering, analyzing, classifying about the prevailing condition, practice or trend

and cause-and-effect relationships and finally interpreting the data adequately

and accurately with the aid of statistical method (Colderon and Gonzales, 1993).

Experimental method often called true experimentation, use the method to

establish cause-effect relationship among a group of variables in a research

study. The researchers make an effort to control for all variables except the one

being manipulated (the independent variable). The effects of the independent

variable on the dependent variable are collected and analyzed for a relationship.

In this instance, the alternative charcoal composition, and the

effectiveness in cooking different raw foods were considered through a set of

observational check list prepared by the researchers.

Sources of Data

The sources of data of this study are primary and secondary sources. This

study’s primary sources of data gathering are using checklist. Researchers

formulated tables so that the necessary data can be gathered. In instance, this

study uses secondary sources such as internet and dictionary. Researchers used

internet for searching for some related literature or studies. We used dictionary

specially Merriam’s dictionary in defining terms. This study provided definition for

critical terms so that it would be clearer and understandable.

Respondents of the study

The priority of this study is to help its community and also the researchers.

In connection with this, the respondents of this study were the researchers

themselves who will conduct the study in its community.

Research Instrument
 This study utilized two research instrument. First is the thermometer, it is

one of the best way to know if the heat produced by the alternative charcoal is

effective for cooking. A closed container with a burning charcoal and the

thermometer inside will be used together with a timer. Last is the checklist survey

questionnaire which determine the level of the effectiveness of the product.

Data Gathering Procedure

Preliminary Step – the first step the researcher made is to gather

information as basis form internet and other related literature and studies. Then

the proposal is made.

Preparation and conduct the Survey Questionnaire – the researchers

made use of brainstorming session to include all the needed information for the

data gathering. Prior to conduct the activity a checklist survey questionnaire will

be given to the selected household owners in order for them to (share their

experiences as they perform) check on the questionnaire the checklist listed the

possible defectiveness in a certain situation or time frame.

Analysis of the Data Gathering – when the needed data is gathered

analysis followed. To analyze and evaluate the data, the researcher will gather

the data and analyze the responds of the tester.

Statistical Treatment – simple statistical treatment were applied such as

frequency count and the rank. The results were identified by tallying the
percentage of the occurrences, the data were rank based on the most common

response by 10 household owner.

The formula used was present below:

P= h1 / ho x 100

Where

P = percentage

h1 = heat produced by the alternative charcoal (oC)

ho = standard heat produced by the commercial charcoal (oC)

The purpose of this study is to open up the eye of the people that there is an

alternative product, made of recyclable material use for heating and cooking that

created through the process of carbonization. The process called charcoal

burning. Through the process of grated Cocos Nucifera (coconut) and oil we

create an alternative charcoal that could possible use for cooking purposes. It will

benefit the consumers because the advantage of this product instead of burning

wood is the absence of water and other components. This allow the charcoal to

burn at higher temperature and give off very little smoke compare to burning

wood that produce lot of smoke, can cause suffocation to the user. The

researcher will make several test to know the level of effectiveness of the said

natural and recycled ingredients for an eco-friendly result. This study is

conducted in order to have an alternative solution for energy consumption in a

practical way. Most importantly, it will lessen people expenses and be beneficial

to the environment.