A cardinal sign is a major symptom that doctors utilize to make a diagnosis.

In the case of
inflammation, there are five cardinal signs that characterize the condition: pain, heat, redness,
swelling, and loss of function.

Interestingly, inflammation is a biological process that your body uses to help protect you. It is
important to note, however, that not all five cardinal signs are present in every instance of
inflammation. Moreover, the inflammatory process could be silent and not cause noticeable
symptoms.

Illustration by JR Bee, Verywell.

What is Inflammation?
Inflammation is a process that protects the body from infection and foreign substances, such as
bacteria and viruses. Inflammation helps the body by producing white blood cells and other
substances.