TechnoBuzz 2013-14
Volume 1, Issue 1, June,2014
SOLAR BASED INTELLIGENT LED STREET
LIGHT SYSTEM
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Mehter M Muzzamil, 2Mohammed Aiman, 3Md Sirajuddin Inamdar, 4Nadeem Afsar
1
mehtermuzzamil@yahoo.com, 2mohammedaiman970@yahoo.com, 3mdsiraj1992@gmail.com,
4
nadeem7.n7@gmail.com
 the necessity, therefore there is a requirement to swap to a
Abstract— The project is designed for LED based street lights
with auto intensity control using solar power from photovoltaic
cells. Photovoltaic panels are used for charging batteries by
converting the sunlight into electricity. A charge controller circuit
is used to control the charging.
The project uses a solar panel coupled to a stepper motor to
track the Sun so that maximum sun light is incident upon the
panel at any given time of the day. This is better compared to light
sensing method that may not be accurate always for example
during cloudy days.
The project is also designed to detect vehicle movement on
highways to switch ON only a block of street lights ahead of it
(vehicle), and to switch OFF or dim the trailing lights to save
energy.
Index Terms—About four key words or phrases in
alphabetical order, separated by commas.
I. INTRODUCTION
Automation, Power consumption and Cost Effectiveness are
the important considerations in the present field of
electronics and electrical related technologies. Industry of
street lighting systems are growing rapidly and going to
complex with rapid growth of industry and cities. To control
and maintain complex street lighting system more
economically, various street light control systems are
developed. These systems are developed to control and
reduce energy consumption of a town's public lighting
system using different technologies. They may include
sending and receiving instructions via separate data
networks, at high frequency over the top of the low voltage
supply or wireless. Various protocols have been developed as
well as compatible hardware for most types of lighting. A
multi-functional street light control system, which is more
electricity conserving and convenient, is presented here in
this paper. Main goal of the proposed work is to control
switching of street light automatically according to light
intensity, to develop traffic flow based dynamic control
statistics using infrared detection technology
In the current system, maximum lighting over the freeways is
completed through HID (High Intensity Discharge lamps),
the energy utilization of HID lamps/lanterns are high. The
intensity of HID lamps cannot be controlled, in harmony to
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substitute way of illumination system i.e., by making use of
LEDs. This lighting system is constructed to conquer the
disadvantages of High Intensity Discharge lamps. This
lighting system exhibits the utilization of the Light emitting
diodes or LED’s as the source of light. LED’s use a lesser
amount of power and its life span is good, in comparison to
the old HID lanterns/lamps. The more vital and motivating
characteristic is that the intensity of LED’s can be controlled
as per the requirement throughout non-peak hours which is
not possible with HID lanterns/lamps. A bunch of LEDs are
brought into play to structure a street light. The
micro-controller includes planned instructions which are
used for controlling the intensity of lanterns based on Pulse
width modulation (PWM) produced indicators..
.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY:
The traditional implementation and organization of street
lighting have no possibilities for improving and development
any more. The dynamic changes in economy, energy supplies
and ecology on a national, Indian and world like scale require
an adequate modernization of street lighting. However, this
would be possible only with a quite new functional
conception which in fact means adaptability of street lighting.
Simultaneous ensuring of the conditions of safe traffic and
decreasing the energy consumption and operational costs
could be realized in conformity with the constantly changing
parameters of the environment. In conformity with the 24
hours change of daylight, the highly changeable traffic, the
variable meteorological conditions and some extreme
situations on the roads, the intensity of street lighting should
change in a dynamic manner.
III. RELATED WORKS
Energy savings are of utmost importance today. The goal
is therefore, the reduction of operating prices of street
lighting with the creation of a system characterized by
straightforward installation and low power consumption. A
multi-functional street lights control system based on
AT89S52 was presented. This system included a time cut-out
function and an automatic control pattern for electricity
conservation. This design can save a great amount of
electricity compared to street lamps that keep alight during
nights. Furthermore, this system has auto-alarm function
which will set off if any light is damaged and will show the
serial number of the damaged light, thus it is easy to be found
 TechnoBuzz 2013-14
Volume 1, Issue 1, June,2014
and repaired the damaged light [2]. In this paper, a simpler, applied to microcontroller and IR transceiver module.
multipurpose, cost-effective design to control the on-off IR transceiver consists of photodiode as receiver and IR
mechanism of street lights via Short Message Service (SMS) diode as transmitter. This module is used to detect
and GSM module has been developed [3].This paper vehicles.A DC stepper motor is used to rotate the solar
discusses a new intelligent control terminal of solar street panel from east to west and vice versa to track the sun so
light. It combines of current General Street light charge and that solar panel generates optimum energy. Motor driver
discharge management, controller and wireless IC is used to drive the motor.A bunch of LEDs are
communication technology. It employs fuzzy control theory brought into play to structure a street light.MOSFET is
to control the uncertain system to achieve reasonable battery used as a switch. LEDs are supplied with power by
charge or discharge. The terminal has the feature of running romicrocontroller through MOSFET.An LDR(light
on the network and off the network independently, so it dependent resistor) is used to switch on the LEDs during
ensures the stability of the system [8]. In order to reach a high the day when there is very less or no sun light.Assembly
performance level in a street lighting control system, two level code of the paper is burned onto the
important aspects must be taken into account: the selection of microcontroller AT89S52.
the adequate communication protocol, on the one hand, and
the selection of the network topology that supports the V. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
architecture, on the other hand. Taking into consideration
these circumstances, this paper focuses on an assessment of
the performance of the mesh and tree network topologies
which, along with the ZigBee communication protocol, can
be implemented in a street lighting control architecture. As a
result of the simulations that have been conducted, the data
reveals that the tree topology is much more efficient than the
mesh topology[9].An innovative wireless street lighting
system with optimized management and efficiency has been
presented in this paper. Wireless communication based
ZigBee wireless devices which allow more efficient street
lamp system management; advanced interface and control
architecture are used. The Information is transferred
point-by-point using ZigBee transmitters and receivers to a
control terminal to diagnose different conditions of street
lights. [10].

IV. BLOCK DIAGRAM

VI. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

Microcontroller (AT89S52/AT89C51), Transistors,
Lm324 Op-Amp, Diodes, Push Buttons, Resistor,
Capacitor, Photovoltaic Cells/Solar Cells, Dc Stepper
Motor

Keil µvision4 IDE, Willar pro, 8051 assembly

Description: Solar panel is used to convert sun’s energy language
to electrical energy. This electrical energy is stored in a
battery that is it is used to charge the battery.Charge
controller circuit makes use of op amp as comparator to
avoid overcharging of battery.Power from battery is

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 TechnoBuzz 2013-14
Volume 1, Issue 1, June,2014
VII. STREET LIGHT AUTOMATIC CONTR0L METHODOLOGY VIII. WORKING PROJECT MODULE

IX. WORKING OF PROJECT MODULE

High Intensity Discharge lamps (HID) used for urban
street light are based on principle of gas discharge, thus
the intensity is not controllable by any voltage reduction
method as the discharge path is broken. LED lights are
the future of lighting, because of their low energy
consumption and long life they are fast replacing
conventional lights world over. White Light Emitting
Diode (LED) can replace the HID lamps where intensity
control is possible by pulse width modulation. The
intensity control helps in saving energy during late
nights while traffic density on the streets is low. A
programmable microcontroller of 8051 family is
engaged to provide different intensities at the different
times of night using PWM technique.
This proposed system provides a solution for energy
saving. This is achieved by sensing an approaching
vehicle and then switching ON a block of street lights
ahead of the vehicle. As the vehicle passes by, the
trailing lights switch OFF or dim automatically. Thus,
we save a lot of energy. So when there are no vehicles on
the highway, then all the lights remain OFF or dim. Here
dim means lights remain ON with 10% to 30% of the
maximum intensity. The paper is designed such that it
switches OFF the light automatically during the day and
switches ON the street lights at low intensity in the
evening around 6pm. As the skies get darker that is
around 6:30pm lights are made to glow with full
intensity. After 11pm as the traffic density is very less
above mentioned technique of sensing the vehicles and
managing the intensity of street lights is activated. An
LDR(light dependent resistor) is used to switch on the
street lights during the day when there is very less or no
sun light due to some unavoidable situations like solar
eclipse, lunar eclipse , volcanic eruption etc..Use of solar
panel to convert sun’s energy to electrical is very
popular, but due to transition of the Sun from east to west
the fixed solar panel may not be able to generate
optimum energy. The proposed system solves the
problem by an arrangement for the solar panel to track
the Sun.This tracking movement is achieved by coupling
a stepper motor to the solar panel such that the panel
maintains its face always perpendicular to the Sun to
Fig1: control flowchart generate maximum energy. This is achieved by using a

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Volume 1, Issue 1, June,2014
programmed microcontroller to deliver stepped pulses in (ISIE), 2011 IEEE International Symposium on , vol., no.,
periodical time intervals for the stepper motor to rotate pp.1282-1289, 27-30 June 2011
the mounted panel as desired. The microcontroller used doi:10.1109/ISIE.2011.5984343
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driven by an interfacing IC as the controller is not "Geographical routing for WSN of street lighting monitoring
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X. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE [5] R. U. Rahman, D. I. Ahmed, M. A. Fahmi, T. Tasnuva, M.
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