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Commissioning Plan For Pipeline Construction PDF
Commissioning Plan For Pipeline Construction PDF
Commissioning Plan For Pipeline Construction PDF
Commissioning
Hal S. Ozanne
Chapter Outline
Introduction 405 19.5 Sizing or Gauging Pigs 412
19.1 Plan 411 19.6 System Checkout 413
19.2 Plan Sequence 411 19.7 Pipeline Drying 413
19.3 Operations and 19.8 Line Fill 414
Maintenance Manuals 412 19.8.1 Example 414
19.4 Completion of Bibliography 420
Construction 412
INTRODUCTION
In preparing for the commissioning and start-up of the operation of a new,
upgraded, or downgraded pipeline system, a commissioning plan must be
developed that takes into consideration all aspects of the preparation, start-up,
and operation of the system. The more complex the system is, the more detailed
the plan must be. A good starting point in developing a plan is to review and
understand the system process flow diagram (PFD) and the facilities piping
and instrument diagrams (P&IDs).
These diagrams show the major components, the pipe sizes of the system,
and the instrumentation that is used to monitor and control the system. A review
and understanding of these drawings will provide a good knowledge about the
major components of the system to be used and the operation of it.
See Figs 19.1 and 19.2 for an example of a system PFD and a facility P&ID.
If the project consists of something as small as replacing a section of pipe,
then the commissioning plan can be relatively minor. On the other hand, if a
project consists of the installation of a new pipeline and facilities like pump
or compressor stations and measurement facilities, then the plan will be very
detailed, lengthy, and require a significant amount of time to develop, usually
with a team of personnel.
The team preparing the commissioning and start-up plan may include
the operating company project manager, the engineering project manager,
operations manager, control center manager, and other personnel who have
critical knowledge of the components of the system and the intended operation
of the system.
19.1 PLAN
The development of a commissioning plan will begin long before the construc-
tion and installation of the pipeline and/or facilities have been completed. The
plan should be very detailed and include step-by-step instructions as to how the
system should be commissioned. By doing this, the risk of a problem develop-
ing will be minimized, and there will be less chance of any safety problems
developing.
A typical plan will include the following:
● A detailed sequence of events that lead to operations that must be completed
● Verification that the completion of operating and maintenance manuals is
complete
● Verification that all construction and installation activities for the project are
complete
● Verification that all piping components of the system have been hydrostati-
cally tested
● Verification that the pipeline has been dried if required
● Filling the pipeline with product (crude oil, products, or gas)
● Operator training
● Running a sizing pig
● A check that communications to all facilities, where applicable, are
operational
● Verification that power is connected and energized for all facilities/locations
where required
● Coordination with receipt and delivery companies
● Personnel are trained and prepared for the plan
This may require that the air used to push the pigs through the pipeline is
dried before it is compressed into the line. In some situations, nitrogen is
used instead of air. Swabbing pigs are pushed through the line until they are
completely dry when they are removed from the pipeline. There are companies
that provide pipeline drying services if the construction contractor does not
have the necessary equipment.
19.8.1 Example
The following is an example of a commissioning plan for a 30 inch natural gas
pipeline. Due to the amount of large elevation difference along this particular
pipeline, a portion of the lines was tested with nitrogen instead of water to pre-
vent overpressuring the lower section of pipe due to the elevation head of water.