Calawen, Raquel P.

Alalag, Denzel L.

Ayan, Wendy B.

Effect of Effluent from Selected Creeks of Pinsao Pilot Project on Daphnia

Magna

RESEARCH PLAN

A. Problem being addressed

Wastewater pollution has always been a major problem throughout the world.

Water pollution has a negative effect on the delicate balance of the ecosystem. It

destroys organisms that provide foods for other animals. Another effect of water

pollution is water shortage due to polluted water supplies. Harmful substances in

water cause human illnesses and diseases. Wastewater coming from the different

residents will be carried and disposed to the bodies of water. Most of the residents in

the Cordillera Administrative Region and in the whole Philippines are dependent on

the water bodies for their domestic and economic related activities.

B Goals

A bioassay was conducted to determine the toxic effects of effluent to the mortality

rate of daphnia magna and to assess the water quality of the effluent collected. This

study is important because it provides the complete response of the test organism to

all compounds present in wastewater. The test organisms represent the living

organisms (fauna and flora) in the bodies of water because of their similarities. This

study also wants to assess the water quality of effluent by identifying the

contaminants present.
C. Methods

Acute toxicity test was the procedure used for the experiment. The procedures were

adopted from the standardized protocol for conducting Daphnia Magna Toxicity

Bioassays by Biesinger, Williams and Van der Schalie (1987) with slight

modifications. Twenty clear glasses that can contain 80-ml solution were washed with

tap water, and then distilled water. The bottles were properly labelled. The effluents

from Source 1 and 2 were filtered separately using filter paper and test solutions were

prepared by making appropriate dilutions. The treatments were:

T0- (as positive control with pure distilled water)

T1 (100%) - (80 ml wastewater + 0 ml distilled water)

T2 (50%) – (40 ml wastewater + 40 ml distilled water)

T3 (25%) – (20 ml wastewater + 60 ml distilled water)

The test bottles were filled with appropriate test solutions. Juvenile daphnids

were randomly added into each test bottle until each bottle contained 4 daphnids. The

procedure was accomplished in less than one hour. The bottles were covered with

plastic cover to avoid insects or any organisms to enter the bottle on the time of the

experiment. Then observations, pH and temperature were recorded after 5 minutes, 10

minutes, 20 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours.

Data Collection Parameters

1. Mortality rate- number of dead daphnids were counted. Daphnia is identified as

dead if it’s immobile.

2. pH- the pH of the solutions was measured using a pH paper.

3. Temperature- temperature of the solutions were measured using a laboratory

thermometer.

Statistical Analysis

The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with

2 replications per treatment and no replication for the control. Raw data from Source

1 and 2 in the form of mortality rate means were subjected to Analysis of Variance

(ANOVA) to determine any significant difference between and among treatments.

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