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1.final Research Plan
1.final Research Plan
1.final Research Plan
Alalag, Denzel L.
Ayan, Wendy B.
Effect of Effluent from Selected Creeks of Pinsao Pilot Project on Daphnia magna
RESEARCH PLAN
Wastewater pollution has been a major problem throughout the world. Water
pollution has a negative effect on the delicate balance of the ecosystem. It destroys
organisms that provide foods for other animals. Another effect of water pollution is water
shortage due to pollute water supplies. Harmful substances in water can cause human
illnesses and disease like cholera, typhoid fever or damage to kidney and liver.
Wastewater coming from the different residents will be carried and disposed to thee
bodies of water which include related activities like washing clothes, bathing, (source of
irrigation and like). People also depend on water bodies that may cause complicated
problems since natural water bodies are very important to human. B. Goals
mortality of Daphnia magna. This study is important because it provides the complete
response of the test organism to toxic compounds present in wastewater. The effect of the
toxic compound to test organisms could represent the living organisms (especially fauna
and flora) in the bodies of water because of their physiological similarities. Specifically,
1. Determine if EC50 will be established by any treatment from the two sources of
wastewater.
2. Determine if there are significant difference in the EC50 or mortality means between
3. Determine which treatment will have the highest and lowest mortality for Daphnia
4. Determine which source will have higher and lower mortality for Daphnia magna
(after 48 hours).
C. Methods
Experimental Design
replications per treatment. The treatments are randomly assigned to the experimental
Bioassay Experiment:
Acute toxicity test will be the procedure to be used for the experiment. Acute
toxicity is a short term lethal or other effect, usually defines as occurring within 48 hours
for Daphnia. The standardized protocol for conducting Daphnia magna Toxicity
Bioassays by Beisinger, Williams and Van der Schalie by the EPA (1987) will be
adopted with slight modifications. Wash twenty-four (300 ml) clear glasses that contain
80-ml solution with tap water and then distilled water. Properly label the bottles. Filter
the effluents from Source 1 and 2 separately using filter paper and test solutions should
Fill the test bottles with appropriate test solutions. Daphnia (24-hour-old) should
be transferred with a medicine dropper (with an inside diameter of 1.5 times the size of
the daphnids) into the bottles. The randomly add the daphnids into each test bottle until it
During the experiment proper, the daphnids should not be fed as according to the
protocol. The bottles were covered to avoid any organisms to enter the bottle on the time
of the experiment and to minimize the evaporation of the test solutions. More
avoided because these are harmful to the test organisms and might cause experimental
errors. This will not deprive the daphnids of oxygen because the test solution didn’t touch
the rim of the bottle leaving a space for the oxygen needed by the test organisms.
4. Temperature – the hotness or coldness of the solution. Measure the temperature of the
Statistical Analysis
Raw data from Source 1 and 2 in the form of mortality means were subjected to Analysis
treatments.
D. Bibliography
Biesinger, Kenneth, Williams, Llewellyn, and van der Schalie, March 1987, Procedure
for conducting Daphnia magna Toxicity Bioassays , Environmental Monitoring
2005.http://journals.tums.ac.ir/upload_files/pdf/_/2015.pdf