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Assessing the Impacts of Plantation Forestry on Tropical Peatland Hydrology

Using the Coupled MIKE SHE and MIKE Hydro River Modelling System

Poster · December 2018

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Adibtya Asyhari Yogi Suardiwerianto

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 H11J-1586 Assessing the Impacts of Plantation Forestry on Tropical Peatland Hydrology Using
the Coupled MIKE SHE and MIKE Hydro River Modelling System
Adibtya Asyhari1, Yogi Suardiwerianto1*, Murugesan Balamurugan2, Sahat M. Marpaung1, Rahila J.Tanjungsari1, M. Fikky Hidayat1, M. I. Faisal Harahap1 and Chandra P. Ghimire1,
(1)Asia Pacific Resources International. Ltd, Indonesia, (2)DHI Water & Environment (S) Pte Ltd., Singapore

*corresponding author at yogi_suardiwerianto@aprilasia.com

Introduction Results
• The geomorphology and carbon balance of a peatland are strongly Calibration and Validation Impacts to the Hydrological Flow Path Boundary Impact **
controlled by hydrological processes1. Peatland is therefore sensitive
Model outputs were calibrated and validated against • Scenario 0 (S0), without plantation forestry practice Topography Profile – Model Input
to changes in hydrology that may be brought about by climate and/or
observed groundwater level and discharge data. • Scenario 1 (S1), with plantation forestry practice
land use change. Plantation area Peat swamp forest
Both scenarios were simulated using current climate data
• It has been suggested that land cover change and subsequent water Groundwater level time series at Point A
Calibration period Validation period for the future projection according to the subsidence rate.
management of tropical peat swamp forests can have an adverse
effect on their hydrological functioning. These processes may have

Elevation (m)
MAE = 0.17 m NSE = 0.80
RMSE = 0.23 m
Padang Island Peat Swamp Forest
crucial implications for global environmental change and sustainable
R2 = 0.81
use of tropical peatland. Nevertheless, hydrological processes

Evapotranspiration
associated with tropical peatland are poorly understood2.
• The aim of this study is to assess the long-term impacts of plantation
forestry on tropical peatland hydrology using a hydrological model,
with regards to the water balance and hydrological flow path. Discharge time series at Point B Distance (m)

Simulated Ground Water Level

Model Development Plantation area Peat swamp forest

Overland flow
Physically-based MIKE SHE3 model coupled with MIKE HYDRO River4 Simulation year = 0

was used to simulate the individual components of the water balance for
Padang Island in the eastern coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, where peat is
the predominant soil type overlying marine clay. Water Balance *
Dry year (2015)
Land Use Information

Groundwater flow

Groundwater Level (m)

Peat swamp Simulation year = 10
forest
Plantation
Smallholder-
dominated area
Mangrove
Others

Storage change
Wet year (2017)

Simulation year = 50
Data Availability

Area Description
Point A Simulation year Simulation year
Total Area = 111,400 ha = 1,114 km2
Areal annual rainfall:
Point B
Legend
dry-year wet-year
S0, dry year S0, wet year Distance (m)
Transect
S1, dry year S1, wet year
* Unit: storage depth in mm ** Vertical scale is exaggerated

Summary
• At the island-scale, there is a shift in the hydrological flow path for the future projection
with the changing topography, as the overland flow increases and the groundwater flow
decreases. However, the hydrological flow path of the peat swamp forest in the central
part of the island remains relatively intact.
• The plantation forestry practice doesn’t significantly alter the hydrological flow path
compared to the scenario without plantation forestry practice.
• The boundary impact is not apparent under the current situation in wet or dry periods.
This is also true in the long term (50-yr after baseline) except during dry periods.
References
1. Kurnianto, S., Warren, M., Talbot, J., Kauffman B., Murdiyarso, D., and
Frolking S. (2015). Carbon accumulation of tropical peatlands over millennia:
a modelling approach. Global Change Biology, 21(3), 431-444.
2. Baird, A.J., Low, R., Young, D., Swindles, G.T., Lopez, O.R. and Page, S.
(2017). High permeability explains the vulnerability of the carbon store in
drained tropical peatlands. Geophysical Research Letters, 44(1), 1333-1339.
3. https://www.mikepoweredbydhi.com/products/mike-she
4. https://www.mikepoweredbydhi.com/products/mike-hydro-river

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