Professional Documents
Culture Documents
First Voyage Around The World
First Voyage Around The World
First Voyage Around The World
© 2007
On 10 August 1519, five ships departed from Seville for what was to become the first
circumnavigation of the globe. Linked by fame to the name of its captain, Magellan, much of the
expedition is known through the travelogue of one of the few crew members who returned to
Spain, Antonio Pigafetta. A narrative and cartographic record of the journey (including 23 hand-
drawn watercolour charts) from Patagonia to Indonesia, from the Philippines to the Cape of
Good Hope, Pigafetta's The First Voyage around the World is a classic of discovery and
exploration literature.
This volume is based on the critical edition by Antonio Canova. It includes an extensive
introduction to the work and generous annotations by Theodore J. Cachey Jr who discusses the
marvelous elements of the story through allusions to Magellan's travels made by writers as
diverse as Shakespeare and Gabriel García Márquez. However, Cachey is careful to point out
that Pigafetta's book is far from just a marvel-filled travel narrative. The First Voyage around the
World is also a remarkably accurate ethnographic and geographical account of the
circumnavigation, and one that has earned its reputation among modern historiographers and
students of the early contacts between Europe and the East Indies. Expertly presented and
handsomely illustrated, this edition of Pigafetta's classic travelogue is sure to enlighten new
readers and invigorate the imagination as the story has done since it first appeared.
The Kartilya ng Katipunan (English: Primer of the Katipunan[1]) served as the guidebook for new
members of the organization, which laid out the group's rules and principles. The first edition of the
Kartilya was written by Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto will later pen a revised Decalogue.
The order for those who want to join the association shall have the full understanding and
knowledge of its guiding principles and main teachings so that they may perform their duties
wholeheartedly. The Association pursues the most worthy and momentous object of uniting the
hearts and the mind of the Tagalog by means of inviolable oath in order that the union to be
strong enough to tear aside the thick veil that obscure thoughts and find the true path of reason
and enlightenment. The foremost rules is the true love of native land and genuine compassion for
others, for everyone shall be treated equal and true brethren
As soon as anybody enters the association, he shall perforce renounce disorderly habits and shall
submit to the authority of the sacred commands of the Katipunan. All acts contrary to noble and
clean living are repugnant here, and hence the life of anyone who wants to affiliate with this
Association will be submitted to a searching investigation.
If the applicant merely wishes to know the secrets of the Association, or to seek personal
gratification, or to know who is here in order to sell them for a handful of silver, he cannot
proceed, for the many who are watching him will already know his intentions, and will
immediately have recourse to an effective remedy, such as befits traitors. Only actions are
demanded and esteemed; hence anybody who is not willing to act should not enter, no matter
how good a speaker he might be.
"Nang matapos ang masayang pagpapaalaman, ang Supremo at mga kasamahan, ay sumama na
sa Pamunuan ng Magdiwang. Gayon na lamang ang karingalan at kasayahang naghari sa
pagsalubong na ginawa ng mga bayang kanilang pinagdaanan. Sa hanay na may siyam na
kilometro ang haba, mula sa Noveleta, hanggang sa San Francisco Malabon, ang lahat halos ng
mga bahay ay may mga palamuting balantok na kawayang kinaskas at pinalamutihan ng sari-
saring watawat, tanda ng maringal na pagsalubong at maligayang bati sa dakilang panauhin.
Isang kilometro pa lamang ang agwat bago dumating sa kabayanan ng San Francisco de
Malabon, ang Supremo Andres Bonifacio, sinalubong agad ng isang banda ng musika at nang
nasa pintuan na ng simbahan at nirupiki ng gayon na lamang ang kampana.
Ang malalaking aranya at dambana sa loob ng simbahan ay pawang may sindi ng ilaw. At ang
kurang Tagalog na si Padre Manuel Trias, saka ang "Pallo," ay naghihintay naman sa mga
panauhin sa pintuan ng simbahan, at pagkatapos ay kumanta ng Te Deum, hanggang sa
dambana na kaakbay ang mga panauhin. Pagkatapos ng ganyang parangal sila'y itinuloy sa
bahay ni Binibining Estefania Potente.
Sulat kamay mismo ni Bonifacio ang titolo at lagda na hango sa "Acta de Tejeros"
Lubhang masaya sila parati, palibhasa'y ang labing-dalawang bayan na kanilang nasasakupan
ay di naliligalig sa anumang laban. Sila'y naliliskub halos ay nanga sa likuran ng mga bayang
maliligalig tuwina ng Pamahalaang Magdalo.
Nang matapos ang ilang araw na parangal sa Supremo at mga kasama, dinalaw nilang lahat
ang labing-dalawang bayang nasasakupan nila bilang paghahanda sa gagawing pagpipisan ng
dalawang Sangguniang Magdiwang at Magdalo. Nangagtalumpati sila at anangaral ng pagka-
makabayan at iba pang makagising-damdaming pangungusap ukol sa kalayaan. Sabihin pa, ang
galak ng mga taong bayan, kaya't gayon na lamang karingal ang pagtanggap sa kanila at para
bang isang HARING BAYAN nga ang dumating. Ang mga daan ay pawang binalantukan, may
banda ng musika at panay ang hiyawan ng "Viva Tagalog," magkabi-kabila. Ang mga kampana'y
halos mabasag sa pagrurupiki sa mga simbahan niyang pinatutunguhan, may mga dapit pa ng
cereales at awit ng Te Deum.
Gayon man ang matatapang nating sandatahan sa ilalim ng mando ni Heneral Mariano Noriel
at Heneral Pio del Pilar, ay agad-agad dinaluhong ang mga kalaban, kaya't putukan at tagaang
katakut-takot ang naghari pagkatapos. Sa wakas, muli na namang nagtagumpay ang ating mga
kawal, at ang Ilog Zapote ay muling namula sa dugo ng mga kalaban. Ganyan nang ganyan
ang nangyayari parati sa buong hanay ng aming labanan."
___________________
Emilio Aguinaldo,
Mga Gunita ng Himagsikan
Manila: National Centennial Commission, 1964.
Dalawa lamang kandidato ang napaharap, at ito'y ang Supremo Andres Bonifacio at
si Heneral Emilio Aguinaldo. Pagkatapos ng halalan ay lumabas noon din at
ipinasiya ng Kapulungan sa pamamagitan ng Supremo Andres Bonifacio, na si
Heneral Emilio Aguinaldo, ang siyang pinagkaisahan at pinagbotohang maging
Kataas-taasang Puno o taga-Pangulo ng Manghihimagsik.
Nagtaka sila diumano kung paano nangyari, na ang Supremo Andres Bonifacio na
siyang nagpahanda ng nasabing pag-iisa at siya pang pangulo sa nasabing pulong,
ay kung bakit ako ang inihalal ng karamihan laban sa Supremo Andres Bonifacio.
Palibhasa'y hindi yata mapigilan ng Supremo ang sama ng loob, bakit maikatlo
pang natalo sa halalan, bagama't napayapa ang gusot at tahimik na ang lahat,
pagdaka'y tumindig siya at sinabi sa kapulungan ang ganito:
__________________
Emilio Aguinaldo,
Mga Gunita ng Himagsikan
Manila: National Centennial Commission, 1964.
Juan de Plasencia (Spanish: ['xwan de pla'senθja]) was a Spanish friar of the Franciscan Order.
He was among the first group of Franciscan missionaries who arrived in the Islands on July 2,
1578.[1]
He spent most of his missionary life in the Philippines, where he founded numerous towns in
Luzon and authored several religious and linguistic books, most notably the Doctrina Cristiana
(Christian Doctrine), the first book ever printed in the Philippines.
Early years
Juan de Plasencia was born in the early 16th century as Juan Portocarrero in Plasencia, in the
region of Extremadura, Spain. He was one of the seven children of Pedro Portocarrero, a captain
of a Spanish schooner.[2]
Juan de Plasencia grew up during the period known as the Siglo de Oro, a Golden Age when arts
and literature flourished in many parts of Spain, among them his native Extremadura.
It is not well known when or where he first entered the Order of the Franciscans. Some scholars
point at the Convento de Villanueva de la Serena, in Plasencia, while others speculate that he
might have traveled to Italy and joined a convent there, at a time when a large part of Italy was
under Spanish rule. According to researchers, he took the habit as a young man at the Cloister of
Saint Francis in Sorrento, Italy.[3]
He is believed to have arrived to the Philippines in July 2, 1578,[1] after a stopover in Mexico. As
soon as he arrived, he joined forces with another missionary, Fray Diego de Oropesa, and they
both started preaching around Laguna de Bay and Tayabas, Quezon, in Quezon Province, where
he founded several towns.
During the following years they are also credited with the foundation of a large number of towns
in the provinces of Bulacan, Laguna and Rizal, such as Tayabas, Caliraya, Lucban, Majayjay,
Nagcarlan, Lilio (Liliw), Pila, Santa Cruz, Lumban, Pangil, Siniloan, Morong, Antipolo, Taytay,
and Meycauayan.[4]
As a friar, Juan de Plasencia lived up to his pledge, leading a lifestyle devoid of any luxury and
in constant contact with the people he was trying to convert to Christianity. He was also known
to be a defender of the native population, looking after the poor, ill, or neglected, and standing up
for their rights on numerous occasions.
He was also very keen on creating primary schools, and requested official sanction for the
creation of educational centers where "Filipinos could not only learn Christian doctrine, but also
reading and writing, and some arts and crafts, so they would become after, not only good
Christians but also useful citizens", an initiative that was approved by Domingo de Salazar, the
first Bishop of the See of Manila (1512–1594).[5]
Written works
Juan de Plasencia wrote a number of books designed primarily to promote the understanding of
both the Spanish language among the natives, and the local languages among the missionaries, to
facilitate the task of spreading Christianity. He acknowledged at an early stage the need of
mastering the language of the natives in order to facilitate evangelization, and in a letter to the
King of Spain, dated June 18, 1585, he mentioned some of his works to that effect:
"In the language more common in these Islands, I have written some works like the "Arte
“ de la lengua tagala" and "Declaracion de toda la doctrina Cristiana," and now I am writing
the "Vocabulario." These are very necessary for all the ministers if they would only be
printed. It would be particularly favorable if Your Majesty would send me a "cedula" so they
could be sent for printing in Mexico at the expense of His Real Hacienda. It would be of
great use for these souls."[6] ”
He is the author of what is believed to be the first book printed in the Philippines, the Doctrina
Cristiana, that was not only printed in Spanish, but also in Tagalog, in both Latin script and the
commonly used Baybayin script of the natives of the time, and it even had a version in Chinese.
Other works attributed to him are the "Relacion de las Costumbres de Los Tagalos" (1589), that
not only helped understand and preserve many of the traditional ways of the local population, but
also provided the first form of Civil Code, used by local governors to administer justice.[7]
A mystical work which he entitled "La Santina", was an Opus number on prayer and
contemplation entirely done in the Tagalog language so the natives who did not know Spanish
could also engage in the spiritual exercises of their teachers.