Focus Revision_SPM2019 (Kertas 2)

organelle.structure of cell &extracell enzyme (abundance, Komponen darah **

function, effect if absence)
cell organisation (STOSO) circulatory system(fish vs human vs frog)
BAB 2 respiratory poison circulatory system (blood circulatory system vs lymphatic system) (SPM18Q7)
amoeba_contractile vacuole_osmosis lymphatic system_muscle

Paraemcium_osmoregulation heartbeat mechanism(pacemaker)

Plant tissue, STOSO, Sklerenkima (SPM18Q1) sickle cell anaemia
Cardiovascular diseases

BAB 10 Type of body defence mechanism

Phospholipid bilayer Immunity** (vaccine, serum)

BAB 3 Type of transport (Pengangkutan aktif/pasif_resapan ringkas, HIV
(BOMB!!) berbantu)
Osmosis Blood clotting
transpiration
Xylem & Phloem (compare)

nucleic acid (RAJABIO) Guard cell

fat/lipid transpiration
BAB 4 Protein
Enzyme & Production ** exoskeleton/hydrostatic
jenis-jenis vertebra
Lock & Key
intervetebrae disc

Movement of hand**
Importance of mitosis/meiosis Human leg movement_cramp
BAB 11
mitosis movement in animal (earthworm, birds)
(PENTING)
meiosis Type of joint & diseases/ligament/ tendon
BAB 5
Cloning osteoporosis

Tissue culture healthy musculoskeletal system

uncontrolled meiosis/mitosis support in floating/submerge/herb/woody plt

Diseases (msucular dystrophy, osteoporosis, cramp)

Type of nutrition Brain

Balance diet** Sinal cord

Eating disorder Type of neurone

Digestion** (SPM2018Q3_mouth, protein) transmission of impulse**
Absorption (vilus)** Synapse
Assimilation** Reflex action (knee jerk)**
Function of liver after absorption fight n flight

Defaecation Nervous disorder

BAB 6 BAB 13
pancrease/insulin/enzyme Pengawalaturan glukosa
(PENTING) (SARAF &
Rodensia & ruminant thermoregulation_skin
HORMON)
Nutrien tumbuhan Osmosregulation

adaptation of leave for photosynthesis Auxin (geotropism, parthenocarpy)**

photosynthesis Ethylene

Factor that affect photosynthesis

Teknologi dalam pertanian
Food processing pro cons
greenhouse increase production

gametogenesis**
Type of respiration aerob& anaerob (plnt vs menstrual cycle(SPM2017Q5)
animal)**

Inhale vs exhale menopause

breathing volume_graph/ different breathing rate development of zygote, umbilical cord, placenta**
cool down activity Effect of smoking/ alkohol & drug on foetus

Breathing mechanism identical & non identical twins**

regulate co2 BAB 13 Hormone & miscarriage

BAB 7 regulatory mechanism mountauin (PENTING) hormone_negative feedback

(PENTING!)
adaptation of respiratory structure infertility
respitatory structure (insects n human) (SPM2018Q6) Formation of pollen grain**

Kesan penyakit emphysema Development of embyo sac**

breathing adaptation of mudskipper/amphibian Development of pollen tube**

CPR development of seed into fruit**(SPM2018Q8 double fertilisation)

compensation point growth curve mammal vs insect**

Photosynthesis vs respiration growth curve insect**

growth curve_plant**
secondary growth
 Biotic & abiotic factor
trophic level/loss
Food Chain** schematic diagram(Monohibrid)**
Pyramid of number colour blindness & why often in male

Interaksi antara organisma (semua, focus prey-predator graph) ABO blood group

biological control Karypotype/ klinelfelter/ Turner/ Down**

saiz population Dna fingerprint

kingdom Kajian Stem

BAB 8
naming of organism (genus + species) BAB 14 GMO pro cons

importance kekalkan biodiversiti pembiakbakaan&GE_insulin

colonisation n succession mangrove how to mass production in agriculture

adaptation of mangrove Kejuruteraan genetik

importance conserve mangrove ecosystem/ pond ecosystem

microorganism in N cycle
Kepentingan mikroorganisma
Pathogen & disease
Kenalpasti Jenis variasi
advantage of variation in cat
Source of variation

Aktiviti manusia & kesan (UMUM) BAB 15 chromosomal mutation/mutagent**

open burning Gen mutation

Acid rain genetic factor tat coz variation in snail

Pencemaran Thermal Camouglage/ penyamaran

Pencemaran Air
Pencemaran udara & API (jerebu)
ozone depletion_Process,effect, factor
BAB 9 Eutrophication
sustainable development
water crisis
Recycling
The concept of sustainable development