Importance of Characterstics of Principles of learning
learning learning Educational point of view • The process of modification of behaviour is termed as learning. Psychological point of view • Learning implies making the most appropriate response to stimulus. Learning is not acuquiring knowledge or skill by mere mechanical repetitions -skinner Learning is the process by which an organism in satisfying its motivation adopts and adjusts its behavior in order to overcome abstracts or barriers - kingly & gray Learning is shown by a change in behavior as a result of experience -j.p.Guilford Learning is shown by a change in behavior as a result of experiences -Cronback Learning is a modification of both behaviour and the way of perceiving -Murphy Learning is the name given to a small number of demonstrable relationship between environmental factors and behavioural changes -E. C. Tolman Learning occupies a very important place in our life. Learning is the process of change which enables an organism itself to the environment, it is therfore a process of development and growth and it is characterized by flexibility because the individual has to adapt itself constantly to the circumstances of the environment. Learning produces changes is behavior. Learning produces change in behavior. Learning is often defined as the modification of behavior. Learning involves problem solvinng, it helps to understand and discover relations between different contents in situation. Learning is an automatic process. It takes place when the child becomes active. Learning creates motivation to learn or gain something. It develops our knowledge. It creates our curiosity to know something. It creates the ability to the sense of discrimination ability to use symbols. Learning helps to solve any problem in ones life. W.R.McCaw in his book “educational Psychology” has given the detail of the characteristics of learning process. They are Learning is a continuous change in behavior. It is a life long process Learning is physically, mentally and cognitively attached with the whole of the person. Learning brings changes in the discipline of behavior. Readiness Exercise Effect Primacy Recency Intensity Reqirement freedom Readiness: readiness implies a degree of concentration and eagerness. individuals learn best when they are physically, mentally and emotionally read to learn, and do not learn well it they see no reason for learning. Exercise: the principle of effect is based on the emotional reaction of the student. It has direct relationship to motivation. Effect: the principle of effect is based in the emotional reaction of the student. It has a direct relationship to motivation. Primacy: the state of being first often creates a strong, almost unshakable, impression. Things learned first create a strong impression. Means that is difficult to erase. This means that what is taught must be right the first time. Recency: the principle of recency states that things most recently learners are best remembered. Conversely, the further a student is removed time wise from a new fact or understanding, the more difficult it is to remember. Intensity: the principle of intensity implies that a student will learn the real thing than from a substitute. For example a student can get more understanding and appreciation of a movie by watching it than by reading the script. Requirement: the law of requirement states that” we must have something to obntain or do something. Freedom: Fredom of choice Freedom of action Freedom of bear result of action The principle of freedom states that things freely are best learned. Since learning is an active process is an active process, students must have freedom: Freedom of choice, freedom of action, freedom to bear the results of action- these are the three great freedoms that constitute personal responsibility. If no freedom is granted, students may have little interest in learning. THANK YOU –