Name: Discrete Mathematics

Course and Year: Final Exam:

UNIVERSITY OF LUZON
College of Engineering and Architecture - AIT
Department of Electronics Engineering
1st Semester, A.Y. 2018-2019

. . .before you start, say a little prayer to send forth thy spirit . . .

Sa huling exam na ito, galing ay palabasin, itodo na ang pwersa para pumasa! Kaya sige na, umpisahan mo
na.Pagbutihin mo nang di mazero! Good Luck!

I. Multiple Choice. Select the best answer. Encircle the letter that corresponds to your answer. Note:
Erasures are considered wrong! (30 points)

1. Consider the following statements:

(i) Ice floats in water.
(ii) China is in Europe.
(iii) 2 + 2 = 4
(iv) 2 + 2 = 5
(v) Where are you going?
(vi) Do your homework.
(vii) Roses are red and violets are blue.
(viii) John is smart or he studies every night.
Which among the statements are primitive propositions?
A. vii and viii
B. i, ii and iii
C. i, ii, iii and iv
D. i and iv
Which among the statements are composite propositions?
A. vii and viii
B. i, ii and iii
C. i, ii, iii and iv
D. i and iv
2. Consider the following statements:
(i) Ice floats in water or 2 + 2 = 4.
(ii) Ice floats in water or 2 + 2 = 5.
(iii) China is in Europe or 2 + 2 = 4.
(iv) China is in Europe or 2 + 2 = 5.
Which among the statements is/are true?
A. i only
B. i and ii only
C. i, ii and iii only
D. iv only

3. In a commercial survey involving 1000 persons on brand preference, 120 were found to prefer brand x
only, 200 prefer brand y only, 150 prefer brand z only, 370 prefer either brand x or y but not z, 450
prefers brand y or z but not x and 370 prefer either brand z or x but not y. How many persons have
no brand preference, satisfied with any of the three bands?

October 28, 2018 page 1

Name: Discrete Mathematics
Course and Year: Final Exam:

A. 280
B. 230
C. 180
D. 130

4. A toothpaste firm claims that in a survey of 54 people, they were using either Colgate, Hapee or Close-
up brand. The following statistics were found: 6 people used all three brands, 5 used only Hapee and
Close-up, 18 used Hapee or Close-up, 2 used Hapee, 2 used only Hapee and Colgate, 1 used Close-up
and Colgate, and 20 used only Colgate. Is the survey worth paying for?
A. Neither yes nor no
B. Yes
C. No
D. Either yes or no
5. How many four-letter words beginning and ending with a vowel without any letter repeated can be
formed from the word personnel?
A. 40
B. 480
C. 20
D. 312
6. Five different mathematics books, 4 different electronics books and 2 different communication books
are to be placed in a shelf with the books of the same subject together. Find the number of ways in
which the books can be placed.
A. 292
B. 5,760
C. 34,560
D. 12,870
7. In how many ways can an IECEP Chapter with 15 directors choose a President, a Vice President, a
Secretary and a Treasurer and an Auditor, if no member can hold more than one position?
A. 360,360
B. 32,760
C. 3,003
D. 3,603,600

8. Four different colored flags can be hung in a row to make coded signal. How many signals can be made
if a signal consists of the display of one or more flags?
A. 64
B. 66
C. 68
D. 62
9. In how many ways can 4 boys and 4 girls be seated alternately in a row of 8 seats?
A. 1,152
B. 2,304

October 28, 2018 page 2

Name: Discrete Mathematics
Course and Year: Final Exam:

C. 576
D. 2,204
10. There are four balls of four different colors. Two balls are taken at a time and arranged in a definite
order. For example, if a white and a red balls are taken, one definite arrangement is white first, red
second, and another arrangement is red first, white second. How many such arrangements are possible?
A. 24
B. 6
C. 12
D. 36
11. Find the total number of combinations of three letters J, R, T taken 1, 2, 3 at a time.
A. 7
B. 8
C. 9
D. 10
12. In how many ways can you invite one or more of your five friends in a party?
A. 15
B. 31
C. 36
D. 25
13. How many chords can be drawn between 6 points in a circle?

A. 15
B. 20
C. 25
D. 30
14. How many arrangements can be formed of the letters in the word Philippines taken all at a time?

A. 1,108,800
B. 1,109,900
C. 2,108,800
D. 2,109,900

II. Truth Table. Construct the truth table of the following: (15 points)
15. ∼ (p ∧ q)

October 28, 2018 page 3

Name: Discrete Mathematics
Course and Year: Final Exam:

16. p∨ ∼ p

17. p∧ ∼ p

18. ∼ p∨ ∼ q

19. ∼ (p ∧ q)

III. Problem Solving. Solve the following problems. Show all pertinent solutions, illustrations, diagrams,
proofs, justifications to earn the full credit. (3 points each)
20. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}, and C = {2, 3, 8, 9}. Find:

(a.) A ∩ B ∩ C

(b.) A ∪ B ∪ C

21. Suppose U = N = {1, 2, 3, . . .} is the universal set. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}, C =
{2, 3, 8, 9}, and E = {2, 4, 6, . . .}. Find:
(a.) AC

(b.) B C

(c.) A \ B

October 28, 2018 page 4

Name: Discrete Mathematics
Course and Year: Final Exam:

(d.) A \ C

(e.) B \ C

(f.) A \ E

22. Prove the proposition P (n) that the sum of the first n positive integers is 12 n(n + 1); that is,
1
P (n) = 1 + 2 + 3 + · · · + n = n(n + 1)
2

23. Let p denote ”He is rich” and let q denote ”He is happy.” Write each statement in symbolic form using
p and q. Note that ”He is poor” and ”He is unhappy” are equivalent to ∼ p and ∼ q, respectively.
(a) If he is rich, then he is unhappy.

(b) He is neither rich nor happy.

(c) It is necessary to be poor in order to be happy.

(d) To be poor is to be happy.

24. Negate each of the following statements: (Use Theorem 4.4 discussed in class to negate the quantifiers.)
Example: All students live in the dormitories. (”At least one student does not live in the dormitories.”
or ”Some students do not live in the dormitories.”)

October 28, 2018 page 5

Name: Discrete Mathematics
Course and Year: Final Exam:

(a) All mathematics majors are males.

(b) Some students are 25 years old or older.

IV. Definition. State or define the following: (5 points each)

(a) Set

(b) Pigeonhole Principle

Prepared By:
Engr. Ricky S. Valenzuela
Instructor

October 28, 2018 page 6

Name: Discrete Mathematics
Course and Year: Final Exam:

UNIVERSITY OF LUZON
College of Engineering and Architecture - AIT
Department of Electronics Engineering
1st Semester, A.Y. 2018-2019

. . .before you start, say a little prayer to send forth thy spirit . . .

Sa huling exam na ito, galing ay palabasin, itodo na ang pwersa para pumasa! Kaya sige na, umpisahan mo
na.Pagbutihin mo nang di mazero! Good Luck!

I. Multiple Choice. Select the best answer. Encircle the letter that corresponds to your answer. Note:
Erasures are considered wrong! (30 points)
1. Consider the following statements:
(i) Ice floats in water.
(ii) China is in Europe.
(iii) 2 + 2 = 4
(iv) 2 + 2 = 5
(v) Where are you going?
(vi) Do your homework.
(vii) Roses are red and violets are blue.
(viii) John is smart or he studies every night.
Which among the statements are primitive propositions?
A. vii and viii
B. i, ii and iii
C. i, ii, iii and iv
D. i and iv
Which among the statements are composite propositions?
A. vii and viii
B. i, ii and iii
C. i, ii, iii and iv
D. i and iv
2. Consider the following statements:
(i) Ice floats in water or 2 + 2 = 4.
(ii) Ice floats in water or 2 + 2 = 5.
(iii) China is in Europe or 2 + 2 = 4.
(iv) China is in Europe or 2 + 2 = 5.
Which among the statements is/are true?
A. i only
B. i and ii only
C. i, ii and iii only
D. iv only

3. In a commercial survey involving 1000 persons on brand preference, 120 were found to prefer brand x
only, 200 prefer brand y only, 150 prefer brand z only, 370 prefer either brand x or y but not z, 450
prefers brand y or z but not x and 370 prefer either brand z or x but not y. How many persons have
no brand preference, satisfied with any of the three bands?

October 28, 2018 page 7

Name: Discrete Mathematics
Course and Year: Final Exam:

A. 280
B. 230
C. 180
D. 130

4. A toothpaste firm claims that in a survey of 54 people, they were using either Colgate, Hapee or Close-
up brand. The following statistics were found: 6 people used all three brands, 5 used only Hapee and
Close-up, 18 used Hapee or Close-up, 2 used Hapee, 2 used only Hapee and Colgate, 1 used Close-up
and Colgate, and 20 used only Colgate. Is the survey worth paying for?
A. Neither yes nor no
B. Yes
C. No
D. Either yes or no
5. How many four-letter words beginning and ending with a vowel without any letter repeated can be
formed from the word personnel?
A. 40
B. 480
C. 20
D. 312
6. Five different mathematics books, 4 different electronics books and 2 different communication books
are to be placed in a shelf with the books of the same subject together. Find the number of ways in
which the books can be placed.
A. 292
B. 5,760
C. 34,560
D. 12,870
7. In how many ways can an IECEP Chapter with 15 directors choose a President, a Vice President, a
Secretary and a Treasurer and an Auditor, if no member can hold more than one position?
A. 360,360
B. 32,760
C. 3,003
D. 3,603,600

8. Four different colored flags can be hung in a row to make coded signal. How many signals can be made
if a signal consists of the display of one or more flags?
A. 64
B. 66
C. 68
D. 62
9. In how many ways can 4 boys and 4 girls be seated alternately in a row of 8 seats?
A. 1,152
B. 2,304

October 28, 2018 page 8

Name: Discrete Mathematics
Course and Year: Final Exam:

C. 576
D. 2,204
10. There are four balls of four different colors. Two balls are taken at a time and arranged in a definite
order. For example, if a white and a red balls are taken, one definite arrangement is white first, red
second, and another arrangement is red first, white second. How many such arrangements are possible?
A. 24
B. 6
C. 12
D. 36
11. Find the total number of combinations of three letters J, R, T taken 1, 2, 3 at a time.
A. 7
B. 8
C. 9
D. 10
12. In how many ways can you invite one or more of your five friends in a party?
A. 15
B. 31
C. 36
D. 25
13. How many chords can be drawn between 6 points in a circle?

A. 15
B. 20
C. 25
D. 30
14. How many arrangements can be formed of the letters in the word Philippines taken all at a time?

A. 1,108,800
B. 1,109,900
C. 2,108,800
D. 2,109,900

October 28, 2018 page 9

Name: Discrete Mathematics
Course and Year: Final Exam:

II. Truth Table. Construct the truth table of the following: (15 points)
15. ∼ (p ∧ q)

16. p∨ ∼ p

17. p∧ ∼ p

October 28, 2018 page 10

Name: Discrete Mathematics
Course and Year: Final Exam:

18. ∼ p∨ ∼ q

19. ∼ (p ∧ q)

III. Problem Solving. Solve the following problems. Show all pertinent solutions, illustrations, diagrams,
proofs, justifications to earn the full credit. (3 points each)
20. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}, and C = {2, 3, 8, 9}. Find:

(a.) A ∩ B ∩ C = {3}
(b.) A ∪ B ∪ C = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
21. Suppose U = N = {1, 2, 3, . . .} is the universal set. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}, C =
{2, 3, 8, 9}, and E = {2, 4, 6, . . .}. Find:

(a.) AC = {5, 6, 7, . . .}
(b.) B C = {1, 2, 8, 9, 10, . . .}
(c.) A \ B = {1, 2}
(d.) A \ C = {1, 4}
(e.) B \ C = {4, 5, 6, 7}
(f.) A \ E = {1, 3}

October 28, 2018 page 11

Name: Discrete Mathematics
Course and Year: Final Exam:

22. Prove the proposition P (n) that the sum of the first n positive integers is 21 n(n + 1); that is,

1
P (n) = 1 + 2 + 3 + · · · + n = n(n + 1)
2

23. Let p denote ”He is rich” and let q denote ”He is happy.” Write each statement in symbolic form using
p and q. Note that ”He is poor” and ”He is unhappy” are equivalent to ∼ p and ∼ q, respectively.
(a) If he is rich, then he is unhappy.
p →∼ q
(b) He is neither rich nor happy.
∼ p∧ ∼ q
(c) It is necessary to be poor in order to be happy.

q →∼ p

(d) To be poor is to be happy.

∼ p →∼ q

24. Negate each of the following statements: (Use Theorem 4.4 discussed in class to negate the quantifiers.)
Example: All students live in the dormitories. (”At least one student does not live in the dormitories.”
or ”Some students do not live in the dormitories.”)
(a) All mathematics majors are males.
Answer: At least one mathematics major is female. (Some mathematics majors are female.)
(b) Some students are 25 years old or older.
Answer:None of the students is 25 years old or older. (All the students are under 25.)
IV. Definition. State or define the following: (5 points each)
(a) Set
A set may be viewed as any well-dened collection of objects, called the elements or members of the
set. One usually uses capital letters, A,B,X,Y,...,to denote sets, and lowercase letters, a,b,x,y,...,
to denote elements of sets. Synonyms for set are class, collection, and family.

October 28, 2018 page 12

Name: Discrete Mathematics
Course and Year: Final Exam:

(b) Pigeonhole Principle

Prepared By:
Engr. Ricky S. Valenzuela
Instructor

October 28, 2018 page 13