POPS GO POP

History, rights and comparisons in the NYC’s POPS

Table of contents

Introduction

The POPS phenomenon

Regulations about POPS

Are POPS new?

Conclusions
 Introduction

Could a private decision

influence the behaviour of the
society?

Even if the main aim of the

POPS is to provide a private
profit, they are also meant to
be publicly used spaces.

Is this really new or it is just

“cool” nowadays? There are
previous examples of this type
of strategy?
 The POPS
phenomenon

POPS in New York City are

numerous and various, but
what exactly are POPS? They
always existed or they are
a recent phenomenon? Are
they concentrated in specific
neighborhood or they spread
across the “big apple”?

A chapter across the meaning

of the word “POPS” and a
short history of the events that
lead to talk about them.
 Regulation
about POPS

Privates don’t build POPS just

for gift them to public uses, they
expect something in return from
the municipality and the City
Planning Commission. These
agreements are the centre of the
private-public marriage.

An analysis of the complex speech

between the main two parts
involved for the rights setting and
of the tools and regulations that
define the phenomenon.
Are POPS new?

The people’s belief is that POPS

are something that born recently,
but are we sure about that?

A chapter on differences and

similarities between New York
City’s POPS and the XVIII century’s
French galleries or the XV century’s
Italian arcades.
 Conclusions

?
An analysis of the results of
this research, looking for facts
in support or against the thesis
about the novelty of the POPS
phenomenon as a tool for rights’
exchangement.
 Bibliography
Banerjee, T. 2001. The future of public spaces: beyond invented streets and reinvented places. APA Journal 67 (1): 9-24

Cooper Marcus, C. and Francis, C. 1997. People Places: Design Guidelines for Urban Open space. New York: Hill and Wang

Fernando, N. 2006. "Open-ended space: Urban streets in different cultural contexts" in Loose Space: Possibility and Diversity in
Urban Life, edited by Franck K., Stevens Q., 54-72. New York: Routledge

Freeman, Allen. 2003. Public defender: planner-lawyer Jerold S. Kayden wants private developers held accountable for their civic
bargains. Landscape architecture 93 (3): 76-78

Hinshaw, M. 2001. Privately Owned Public Space: the New York City Experience. Landscape architecture 91 (5): 88

Kayden Jerold S. 2000. Privately Owned Public Space: the New York City Experience. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Kayden Jerold S. 2011. Meet Me at the Plaza. Today’s Paper. New York Times October 19, 2011, A29

Nemeth, Jeremy; Schmidt, Stephan. 2007. Toward a methodology or measuring the security of publicly accessible spaces. APA
Journal 73 (3): 283-297

Nemeth, Jeremy; Botsford, Erik; Schmidt, Stephan. 2011. The evolution of privately owned public spaces in New York City. Urban
design international 16 (4): 270-284

Nemeth, Jeremy; Schmidt, Stephan. 2011. The privatization of public space: Modelling and measuring publicness. Environment and
Planning B: Planning and Design 38 (1): 5-23

Oliveira, Luciana; Justi Pisani, Maria Augusta. 2017. Espacos públicos de propriedade privada: os Pops de Nova York. Paisagem e
Ambiente 39: 113-132

Romin Koebel. 2001. Privately Owned Public Space: The New York City Experience. APA Journal 67 (4): 480-481

Sica Paolo. 1977. Storia dell’urbanistica. L’ottocento. Roma: Laterza

Unknow. 2014. Privately owned public spaces: attrezzature, dimensioni e regole perché gli spazi privati in continuità con la strada
siano aperti alla fruizione pubblica = facilities, dimensions, and rules to ensure that private spaces in continuity with the street are
open to public use. Lotus International 153: 118-121