Introduction

Biotherapy:- According to International Biotherapy Society

(IBS) biotherapy is defined as ‘the use of living organisms
in human medicine’

But ‘Biotherapy’is also define as The use of living

organisms for the treatment of human and animal illness
The term 'biotherapeutics' refers to any type of treatment
that is produced by – or involves – living cells. That is,
instead of drugs made from chemicals synthesised in
the lab – these are therapies that are based on biological
processes in cells

Biotherapeutics modalities are accepted as medically

effective and relatively safe, but not widely used (for
example, maggot therapy, leech therapy).
Apitherapy: The introduction of bee venom, by live bees or by injection, for
a wide range of chronic ailments. Bee products such as propolis, honey and
Royal Jelly are also efficacious, each in its own spectrum of conditions.

Ichthyotherapy: The use of certain species of small fresh-water fish as

scavenging agents for dermatological conditions such as psoriasis
Hirudotherapy: The application of leeches for extraction of blood from
congested or inflamed tissues, in a wide range of pathologies

Helminth -Therapy: The use of certain nematode worms as agents for the
stimulation of host immunological responses appropriate to the alleviation of
certain inflamatory auto-immune bowel diseases such as Crohn’s Disease
and Ulcerative Colitis.
 Maggot Therapy
The use of the larvae of the blowfly Lucilia sericata as agents of cleansing or
débridement, and enhancement of healing of open wound.
The advantages of MT, also called larval therapy, maggot debridement therapy (MDT),
and biosurgery.
 History
The earliest first-hand account of fly larvae intentionally applied for wound
care was by William S. Baer, Chief of Orthopedic Surgery at Johns
Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore
 Current status
The end of the twentieth century was the beginning of a new era for
maggot therapy, and for that matter, for most of biotherapy: it marks
the first controlled, comparative clinical trials of maggot therapy,
which led to regulatory oversight and marketing clearance of
medicinal maggots in 2004 by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
(FDA), as the first legally marketed 'living therapeutic animal’
 The fly
Medicinal blowfly maggots are selected for their ability to feed on dead tissue
without disturbing viable tissue
The most commonly employed larvae have been those of the green bottle fly,
Lucilia sericata
Rarely, therapists have used related species, such as Lucilia cuprina and
Calliphora vicina
 Mechanism of Action
Debridement
The most obvious benefit of maggot therapy is the ability of
medicinal maggots to effectively debride wounds by removing
the sloughy, necrotic tissue

☆ This process is accomplished both physically and chemically

☆ Extracorporeal diges-tion by the maggots' proteolytic

enzymes is one mechanism by which wounds are cleaned
 Disinfection
● ☆ Each maggot is capable of removing 25 mg of necrotic
material within just 24 hr.
 Disinfection
Early theories were that the maggots lilted bacteria
through ingestion.
☆ the bacterial killing occur within the maggot gut.
 Contraindications and Adverse Events
Maggot therapy is relatively safe, but complications
("adverse events") are possible. The most common
complaint is pain, occurring in 6-40 % of reported patients.
 Future of Maggot Therapy
Over the past 75 years, maggot therapy has saved countless
lives and limbs. For just as long, researchers have attempted
to isolate the therapeutic molecules in hopes of being able to
provide "maggot therapy" without the maggots.

Maggot therapy without “Maggots” is Nest frontier

In biothrapeutics.
a. Before Maggot therapy b. After maggot therapy

Thank you