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First Law of Motion in a Car


Crash
It is now appropriate to return to the first law of motion, as formulated by Newton: an
object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion, at a
constant velocity unless or until outside forces act upon it. Examples of this first law in
action are literally unlimited.
One of the best illustrations, in fact, involves something completely outside the
experience of Newton himself: an automobile. As a car moves down the highway, it has
a tendency to remain in motion unless some outside force changes its velocity. The
latter term, though it is commonly understood to be the same as speed, is in fact more
specific: velocity can be defined as the speed of an object in a particular direction.
In a car moving forward at a fixed rate of 60 MPH (96 km/h), everything in the car—
driver, passengers, objects on the seats or in the trunk—is also moving forward at the
same rate. If that car then runs into a brick wall, its motion will be stopped, and quite
abruptly. But though its motion has stopped, in the split seconds after the crash it is still
responding to inertia: rather than bouncing off the brick wall, it will continue plowing into
it.

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