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 Page i

Rudolph's Brief Atlas of the Newborn

Edited by
Virginia Schneider, PA-C
Gerardo Cabrera-Meza, MD

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 Page ii
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© 1998 Virginia Schneider, Gerardo Cabrera-Meza
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 Page iii

Foreword
It is indeed a pleasure and an honor to introduce the abbreviated
version of Rudolph's Atlas of the Newborn. Sir William Osler
stated, "There is no more difficult task in medicine than the art of
observation." The late Arnold Jack Rudolph, an internationally
renowned neonatologist and a master teacher, constantly reminded
us how much could be learned by simply observing, in his case, the
newborn infant. This text represents a condensed version of the
previous work primarily directed towards educating the pediatric
resident and other generalists about the wide range of neonatal
pathology. The preparation and publication of this work would
have pleased Jack immensely. His "Rudolph slide shows," which
depicted many of the disorders shown in this volume, were the
highlight of any student's or resident's rotation through the neonatal
intensive care and general care units.
Once again, a wide array of photographs depict disorders
associated with pregnancy and birth. In addition, a diverse group of
chromosomal and nonchromosomal as well as other genetic
disorders are shown in pictorial display. The pictures of newborn
infants with various disorders that affect the central nervous system
include some classic pictures; one can spend a career in the
newborn nursery and not see several of the diseases which Dr.
Rudolph was able to capture in his camera. Likewise, the section
on neonatal dermatology can be considered a classic.
Arnold Jack Rudolph, born in 1918, graduated from the
Witwatersrand Medical School South Africa, in 1940. Following
residency training in pediatrics at Transvaal Memorial Hospital for
Children, he entered private pediatric practice in Johannesburg,
South Africa. After almost a decade, he moved to Boston,
Massachusetts, where he served as Senior Assistant Resident in
Medicine at the Children's Medical Center and subsequently
pursued fellowship training in neonatology at the same institution
and at the Boston Lyingin Hospital, Children's Medical Center, and
Harvard Medical School under Dr. Clement A. Smith.
Dr. Rudolph subsequently spent almost his entire career at Baylor
College of Medicine, from 1961 until his death in July of 1995.
Over the years, he received numerous awards from the pediatric
house staff for his superb teaching skills. Although he was the
author or coauthor of more than 100 published papers that appeared
in peer-reviewed medical literature, his most lasting contribution to
neonatology and to pediatrics is the legacy of the numerous
medical students, house staff, fellows, and other colleagues whom
he taught incessantly about how much one could learn from simply
observing the newborn infant. His previous work was indeed a tour
de force and a spectacular teaching tool. The current work depicts
the highlights carefully chosen to provide the best possible
comprehensive instruction for residents and medical students most
succinctly.
We owe those who worked hard to bring this volume to life a debt
of gratitude for the care with which they have chosen the material
presented herein but, above all, we owe a debt of gratitude to Dr.
Rudolph for making available to the medical community his
unparalleled visual reference through his slides and photographs
concerning the normal and abnormal newborn infant.
RALPH D. FEIGIN, M.D.
MARCH 10, 1998
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 Page iv

Introduction
The parent five-volume edition of this work, Atlas of the Newborn,
is an unparalleled documentation of the illnesses and abnormalities
that can afflict the newborn, compiled over the 50-year career of
pediatrician and neonatologist Dr. Arnold "Jack" Rudolph. The
bulk of Dr. Rudolph's career was spent at Baylor College of
Medicine in Houston, Texas, where he taught and mentored
hundreds of residents in pediatrics, obstetrics, and family practice
as well as nurses, physician assistants, and other healthcare
personnel. He was internationally respected as an outstanding
physician and taught throughout the North, Central, and South
Americas, Europe, and Africa.
This single-volume edition is intended as a review of the field of
neonatology. We endeavored to remain true to the spirit of the
original work in compiling a single-volume edition. Nearly all the
common and rare entities presented in the original have been
included, but often without the broad range of presentation which
was possible with the multiple examples in the original. Whenever
possible, additional explanatory text from the original figures has
been incorporated to maintain this volume's quality not only as a
pictorial atlas but as a medical text.
Dr. Rudolph was our mentor and our friend. In his busy life as
clinician, administrator, researcher, and teacher, he always made
time to listen and to explain. He talked to parents in words that
made complex medical problems understandable. He was an
unimpeachable source of information for medicine and many other
topics that held his interest. He worked, despite significant medical
problems, and completed the original Atlas weeks before his death.
It stands as a tribute to his life of knowledge, caring, and integrity.
We hope this single-volume edition will measure up to his high
standards.
We wish to thank especially Myrna Rudolph whose efforts ensured
the publication of the original Atlas. For that, and her loving
support of Dr. Rudolph's career, we all owe her a debt of gratitude.
VIRGINIA F. SCHNEIDER, PA-C
GERARDO CABRERA-MEZA, M.D.
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 Page v

Contents
1. Pregnancy and the Peripartum 1
2. Deformations and Disruptions 22
3. Iatrogenesis 30
4. Musculoskeletal Disorders 40
5. Dwarfism 56
6. Nonchromosomal Syndromes, Associations, and
64
Sequences
7. Chromosomal Disorders 82
8. Head and Neck 89
9. Ophthalmology 105
10. Central Nervous System 118
11. Neonatal Dermatology 132
12. Perinatal Infection 164
13. Cardiorespiratory System 186
14. Gastrointestinal System 209
15. Nutritional Disorders 231
16. Genitourinary System 236
17. Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders 260
18. Hematology, Jaundice, and Oncology 269
Index 278

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 Page 278

Index
A
Aarskog syndrome, 258
Abruptio placentae, 2, 3
Abscess, 34, 166, 167, 222
Achondroplasia, 57
Acne neonatorum, 138
Acrocephalopolysyndactyly. See Carpenter's syndrome
Acrocephalosyndactyly. See Apert's syndrome
Acrocephaly, 92
Acrocyanosis, 134
Acrodermatitis enteropathica, 234235
ADAM (amniotic deformities, adhesions, and mutilations)
complex, 29
Adenopathy, 180
Adhesions, 245
Adrenal gland, 240
Adrenogenital syndrome, 264
Aglossia, 98
Albinism, 150151
Alopecia, 143, 182, 268
Alveolar hypoplasia. See Hypogenetic lung syndrome
Amblyopia, 107, 109
Amelia, 43
Ammoniacal diaper dermatitis, 183
Amnion nodosum, 237
Amniotic band syndrome, 28
Amniotic navel, 227
Amyotonia congenita, 131
Anal atresia. See Imperforate anus
Anencephaly, 124
Angular depressor muscle, 20
Aniridia, 112
Anomalous pulmonary venousreturn, 206
Anoxic encephalomalacia, 129
Anus, 219222, 245
Apert's syndrome, 48, 91, 92
Aplasia cutis congenita, 143
Arteriovenous malformation of lung, 192, 193
Arthrogryposis, 27, 41
Ascites, 175, 226, 240, 271
Ash leaf spots, 150
Aspergillosis, 185
Asphyxia, 270
Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy, 6061
Aspiration syndrome, 199
Atresia, 188, 206, 210, 211, 213215
B
Bacteremia, 34, 167
Balanitis, 254
''Bandaid sign", 127
Barium contrast enema, 215216
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, 65, 99, 229
"Bicycle handle" clavicles, 86
Bifid scrotum, 252
Bilateral intraventricular hemorrhage, 130
Bilirubin, 269, 271273
Bladder, 258, 259
Blaschko's lines, 155, 156
Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome. See Incontinentia pigmenti
Bloody stools, 223224
"Blueberry muffin" appearance, 177, 180, 182, 271
Blue discoloration, 134
Bochdalek-type diaphragmatic hernia, 195196
Bones
in dwarfism, 57, 58, 60, 62
fractures, 14, 18, 19, 61, 176
of hands and feet, 176
long, 41, 43, 176, 181
osteomyelitis, 33, 168, 169
syphilis, 176, 177
Bowel, 211217, 224226, 228, 229, 234
Brachmann-de Lange syndrome. See Cornelia de Lange's
syndrome
Brachycephaly, 91, 92
Brachydactyly, 46
Branchial cleft cyst, 190
Breast, 142, 167
Breech presentation, 1618, 25, 27, 140, 243
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), 203, 233
Brow presentation, 16
Brushfield's spots, 113
"Bubbly" lung syndrome, 203204
Bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, 159
Bullous impetigo, 165
"Butterfly wing" appearance, 191, 203
Buttocks, 32, 3536, 144
C
Café-au-lait spots, 150, 152
Camptodactyly, 47, 74
Camptomelic dysplasia, 5758, 141
Cancer. See Oncology
Candida infection, 98, 183, 184, 235, 254
arthritis, 184
diaper dermatitis, 183
Capillary hemangiomas. See Strawberry nevi
Caput (chignon), 14
Cardiac limb syndrome. See Holt-Oram syndrome
Cardiorespiratory system, 186208
Carpenter's syndrome, 47, 48, 91, 92
Cataract, 114
CATCH 22 syndrome, 277
Caudal regression syndrome, 4142
Cavernous hemangioma, 147
Cavernous lymphangioma, 149
Cellulitis, 171, 172, 225
Central nervous system, 118131
Cephalhematoma, 14
Cerebrohepatorenal syndrome. See Zellweger syndrome
Cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome. See Pena-Shokeir syndrome
type II
Cerebrospinal fluid, 128, 131
Cesarean birth, 31
CHARGE syndrome, 65, 111, 188
Chest, 172, 195
CHILD syndrome, 160
Chlamydia conjunctivitis. See Trachoma inclusion conjunctivitis
Chlamydia pneumonia, 202
Choanal atresia, 65, 188
Chondroectodermal dysplasia. See Ellis-van Creveld syndrome
Chordee, 255, 263
Chordoma, 276
Chorioamnionitis, 6, 164
Choroid plexus tumor, 131
Chromosomal disorders, 8288
Chylothorax, congenital, 197
Chylous ascites, 226
Chylous fluid, 197
Circumcision, 171
"Clasped" thumbs, 50
Clavicle, 18, 58, 86, 169, 177
Cleft lip, 29, 99100
Cleft palate, 98, 99101
Cleidocranial dysplasia, 58
Clinodactyly, 55
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 Page 279
Clitoris, 243, 245, 264
Cloaca, 259
"Cloverleaf" skull, 91
Clubfoot, 27, 53
Club hand, 45, 80
Coccyx, 127, 275
Collodion baby, 158
Coloboma, 65, 79, 109, 112
Colon, 215216, 221, 226, 259
Condylomata, 175
Congenital heart disease, 187, 195, 205
Congenital histiocytosis, 162
Congenital ichthyosis. See Harlequin fetus
Congestive heart failure, 129, 147, 192, 207
Conjoined twins, 9
Conjunctivitis, 107
Cornea, 110, 112, 113
Cornelia de Lange's syndrome, 6566
Coronal hypospadias, 255
"Cortical" thumb. See Palmar adduction
Cranial nerves, 118
Cranio-carpotarsal dystrophy. See Freeman-Sheldon syndrome
Craniofacial dysostosis. See Crouzon's disease
Craniorachischisis, 123
Craniosynostosis, 91
Cri du chat syndrome, 83
Crouzon's disease, 92
Cryptophthalmos syndrome. See Fraser's syndrome
Cushingoid appearance, 266267
Cutis marmorata, 135, 148
Cutis verticis gyrata, 160
Cyanosis, 134, 187, 188, 206
Cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung, congenital, 194
Cystic dermoids, 111
Cystic fibrosis, 217, 223, 234
Cystic hygroma, 149, 189
Cysts, 96, 97, 142, 190, 194, 228, 246, 247, 253
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, 108, 177, 178, 181
D
Dacryocystitis, 166
Dacryocystocele, 109
Dactylitis, 176
Dandy-Walker malformation, 121
Deformations, 2229, 64
Dermatology. See Skin; specific conditions
Desquamation, 134, 174, 233
Dextrocardia, isolated, 205
Diabetic mothers, 266267
Diaphragm, 195, 196
Diaphragmatic hernia, 195196, 200
Diastasis recti, 212
Diastrophic dysplasia, 59
Dichorionic-diamnionic placenta, 7
Diffuse angiomas, 149
Diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis, 148
DiGeorge syndrome, 66, 277
Dislocations, 2426
Disseminated mucocutaneous candidiasis, congenital, 184
Diverticulum of left ventricle, 208
Dolichocephaly, 90
Donohue's syndrome. See Leprechaunism
"Double bubble" appearance, 211, 213, 214
"Doughnut" scrotum, 258
Down syndrome, 41, 8688, 113
Drug withdrawal, 140
Duodenal atresia, 211, 213
Duodenal stenosis, 214
Dwarfism, 5663
Dysplastic kidneys, 238, 239
E
Eagle-Barrett syndrome, 66, 241
Ears, 101103, 277
Ebstein's anomaly, 206
Ectopia cordis, 208
Ectopia vesicae, 259
Ectromelia, 43
Ectropion, congenital, 110
"Elephant trunk" deformity, 259
Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, 47, 49, 59
Embolism, 39
EMG (exomphalos, macroglossia, gigantism) syndrome, 65, 99,
229
Encephaloceles, 124126
Endocrine disorders, 260268
Endotracheal tube, 37, 39, 191
Entropion, congenital, 110
Eosinophilic granuloma, 162
Epicanthal folds, 87, 93
Epidermal nevus, 156157
Epidermolysis bullosa, 158
Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis, 159
Epispadias, 254
Epstein's pearls, 97, 253
Epulis, 97
Erb's palsy, 2021
Eruption cysts, 96
Erythema annulare centrifugum, 161
Erythema toxicum neonatorum, 136
Escherichia coli sepsis, 272
Esophageal atresia, 210
Esophageal sac, 80
Exfoliative erythroderma, 162
Exophthalmos, 111
Exstrophy of the cloaca, 259
Extrapulmonary sequestration, 192
Eyelids, 106, 109, 110, 111
Eyes, 105117, 276
F
Facial asymmetry, 20
Facial palsy, 15, 1920, 66
Familial progressive hyperpigmentation, 152
Fanconi's syndrome, 45, 49
Fasciitis, 170, 172
Feeding tube, 37
Feet, 2627
foot drop, 36
heel-stick trauma, 33
"lobster-claw", 51
rocker-bottom, 54, 128
syphilitic, 174
in trisomy 21, 88
Femoral hypoplasia-unusual facies syndrome, 67
Fetal akinesia/hypokinesia sequence, 4, 74
Fetal akinesia syndrome, 4
Fetal alcohol syndrome, 10
Fetal face syndrome, 67
Fetal hydantoin syndrome, 1112
Fetal valproate syndrome, 12
Fetal warfarin syndrome, 13
Feto-maternal hemorrhage, 270
Fibromatosis, congenital generalized, 163
Fingers, 4751, 55, 74 See also Thumb
"Flea bite" dermatitis, 136
"Floating" thumb, 50
"Football sign", 226
Forceps delivery, 15, 19, 31, 106, 140
Foreskin, 253, 254, 258
François dyscephaly. See Hallermann-Streiff syndrome
Fraser's syndrome, 68
Freeman-Sheldon syndrome, 68, 95
Frontonasal dysplasia, 93
Fronto-occipital circumference (FOC), 120
Funisitis, 6, 167
G
Galactosemia, 114
Gangliosidosis syndrome type I, 267
Gangrene, 36, 37
"Garment" nevus, 154
Gastric pneumatosis, 225
Gastrointestinal system, 209230
Gastroschisis, 229
Genitalia, ambiguous, 252, 256, 258, 263266
Genitalia, female, 242248
Genitalia, male, 16, 248258
Genitourinary system, 236259
Genu recurvatum, 25, 128
Giant nevus, 154
Glans, 253, 254, 258
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 Page 280
Glanular hypospadias, 254255
Glaucoma, 112, 113, 146
Glioma, 188
Goiter, 189, 261, 262
Goldenhar's syndrome, 69, 95, 110
Gonococcal conjunctivitis, 107
Gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum, 171
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), 162
Great vein of Galen, 129
H
Haemophilus influenzae cellulitis, 171
Hair, 126, 134, 143, 268
Hairy nevi, 153
Hallermann-Streiff syndrome, 69, 95, 143
Halo nevus, 153
Hamman's sign, 203
Hands, 4651
club, 45, 80
palmar creases, 5455
scabetic, 183
 Schüller-Christian disease, 162
small bones of, 176
See also Fingers; Thumb
Hard palate, 39
Harlequin fetus, 159
Harlequin sign, 135
Head, 8991, 121122, 233
Heart, 187, 195, 205, 208 See also Congestive heart failure
Heel-stick trauma, 33
Hemangioma, 230
Hematology, 269271
Hematoma, 227, 250
Hemimelia, 44
Hermaphroditism. See Genitalia, ambiguous
Hernia, 195196, 200, 228, 230, 250, 264
Herpes simplex infection, 108, 166, 179
Higouménaki's sign, 177
Hillocks of His, 102
Hip dislocation, congenital, 40, 52
Hirschsprung's disease, 215217
Hirsutism, 134
Histiocytosis X, 162
"Hitchhiker" thumb, 59
Holoprosencephaly, 93, 94
Holt-Oram syndrome, 46, 49
Homocystinuria, 114
Horner's syndrome, 21
Horseshoe kidney, 239
"Hot cross bun" head, 233
Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome. See Progeria
Hyaline membrane disease, 185, 198, 200, 202
Hydranencephaly, 121
Hydroceles, 249
Hydrocephalus, 121, 122, 131
Hydrocolpos, 246, 247
Hydrometrocolpos, 246
Hydrops fetalis, 179, 270271
21-hydroxylase deficiency, 264265
Hymenal remnants, 244
Hyperbilirubinemia, 272
Hyperpigmentation, 152, 233
Hypertelorism, 93
Hyperthyroidism, 262263
Hypertrichosis, 134
Hypertrophy of left upper extremity, congenital, 52
Hypogenetic lung syndrome, 195
Hypoglycemia, 257
Hypogonadism, 251
Hypomelanosis of Ito. See Incontinentia pigmenti achromians
Hypopharynx, 197
Hypophosphatasia, 60
Hypopigmentation, 31, 34, 94, 156, 248, 273
Hypopituitarism, 257
Hypoplastic tongue, 98
Hypospadias, 254256
Hypothyroidism, 261262
Hypotonia, 120, 266
I
Iatrogenesis, 3039
Ichthyosis, 158159
Ileal atresia, 215
Imperforate anus, 219221
Inclusion cysts, 97, 142
Incontinentia pigmenti, 155
Incontinentia pigmenti achromians, 156
Infection, 164185 See also specific infections
Inguinal hernia, 230, 250, 264
Iniencephaly, 123
Inspissated meconium, 217
Inspissated milk syndrome, 213
Intensive care, 3039
Intercalary defects, 44
Intestinal obstruction, 215, 217
Intracranial pressure, 119
Intradermal nevi, 153, 154
Intrauterine growth retardation, 10, 11, 41, 74, 232
Intravenous infusion, 3334
Intraventricular hemorrhage, 130
Iris, 112, 113
Irreversible deprivation amblyopia, 107, 109
J
Jaundice, 272
Jejunal atresia, 214, 215
Jeune's syndrome. See Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy
Junctional nevus, 153, 154
Juvenile xanthogranulomatosis, 162
K
Kernicterus, 272
Kidney, 178, 204, 238240, 258
Kleihauer-Betke test, 270
Klippel-Feil syndrome/anomaly, 70
Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, 147
Knee, 2526, 140, 141, 168
Kocher-Debré-Sémélaigne syndrome, 262
Kwashiorkor, 232
L
Labia majora, 243, 245, 264
Labia minora, 243, 245
Lactobezoar, 213
Lacunar skull, 90
Lamellar ichthyosis, 158
Langer-Giedion syndrome, 70
Large cystic hygroma. See Lymphangioma
Larsen's syndrome, 26, 49, 71
Leprechaunism, 71, 223
Letterer-Siwe disease, 162
Leukemia, 273274
Limbs, 4346, 52
Linear nevus sebaceous syndrome, 157
Lingual ankyloglossia, 96
Lipomeningocele, 129
Listeriosis, congenital, 172
Liver, 229, 230
Lobar emphysema, congenital, 193
"Lobster-claw" deformity, 51
Local acromegaly, 52
Long-acting thyroid stimulator (LATS), 262263
Lowe syndrome, 72, 120
Lumbar meningocele, 127
Lumbar puncture, 32
Lumbosacral agenesis, 42
Lung, 193195, 197204
Lupus erythematosus, 161
Lymphangioma, 104, 149, 276
Lymphangioma circumscriptum, 149
Lymphangioma simplex, 149
Lymph nodes, 180
Lymphoblastic leukemia, 274
M
Macrodactyly, 51
Macroglossia, 99
Macrostomia, 95
Macular chorioretinal scar, 108
Macular hemangioma, 144
Malformations, 2223, 27, 64
Mandibular arch, 95
Mandibular hypoplasia, 188
Mandibulofacial dysostosis. See Treacher-Collins syndrome
Marfan syndrome, 72, 114
Mastitis, 142, 167
Mastocytosis, 155
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 Page 281
McCune-Albright polyostotic dysplasia, 152
Meconium, 216, 220
aspiration, 199, 200
peritonitis, 217218, 221, 234
plug, 217
staining of skin, 133
Median cleft syndrome, 91, 93, 94
Megalocornea, 113
Melena, 223, 224
Membranes, 1, 2
Meningeal sac, 128
Meningitis, 173
Meningoceles, 127
Menke's kinky hair syndrome, 268
Mercurochrome, 185
"Mermaid" fetus. See Sirenomelia
Mesomelic dysplasia. See Fetal face syndrome
Metabolic disorders, 260268
Metatarsus adductus, 26
Methemoglobinemia, 187
Microcephaly, 10, 12, 83, 120
Microcolon, 215, 216
Micrognathia, 13, 83, 85, 103
Micropenis, 257
Microphthalmia, 84, 111
Microstomia, 95
Microtia, 103
Midline cervical cleft, 103
Midline pilonidal dimples/sinuses, 127
Milaria crystallina (sudamina), 138
Milaria rubra, 138
Milia, 137
Milroy's disease, 148
Möbius syndrome, 20, 76
Mongolian spots, 135
Monoamnionic-monochorionic twins, 7
Morgagni herniae, 196
Mucolipidosis type II, 267
Mucus, 210
Multicystic kidneys, 238239
Multiple births, 4, 79
Multiple congenital malformations, 23
Multiple hemangiomatosis, 148
Muscular hypertrophy, 262
Musculoskeletal disorders, 4055
Myelomeningocele, 128
Myofibroma, 277
N
Nager's acrofacial dysostosis syndrome, 73
Nails, 12, 133, 139
Neck, 18, 87, 88, 89, 104, 139, 189, 261, 262
Necrotizing enterocolitis, 224225
Necrotizing fasciitis, 170
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, 107
Neural tube defects, 123124, 127, 128, 247
Neuroblastoma, 274
Neurocutaneous melanosis sequence, 154
Nevus anemicus, 145
Nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn, 156, 157
Nevus unius lateris, 157
Nikolsky's sign, 158
Nipples, 75, 142
Nose, 94, 99, 188
Nosocomial infection, 167
Nutritional disorders, 231235
O
Occipitoposterior presentation, 13
Oculomandibulofacial syndrome. See Hallermann-Streiff syndrome
"Oil drop" cataract, 114
Oligohydramnios, 42, 237
Omphalitis, 6, 167
Omphaloceles, 174, 185, 228229, 259
Oncology, 273277
Ophthalmology, 105117
Opisthotonic posturing, 119
Optic nerve, 106
Orofaciodigital syndrome type I, 73
Osteochondritis, 176
Osteogenesis imperfecta, 61
Osteomyelitis, 168, 169, 201
"Owl's eye" appearance, 178
Oxygen, 186, 187
P
Palmar adduction, 50
Palmar creases, 5455
Pancytopenia, 45, 49
Paracolobactrum, 172
Parenteral nutrition, 233, 234
Parovirus B19 infection, 179
Patau's syndrome. See Trisomy 13 syndrome
Patellae, 53
Patent ductus arteriosus, 205
Patent omphalomesenteric duct, 228
Patent urachus, 241
Pemphigus neonatorum. See Bullous impetigo
Pena-Shokeir phenotype type I, 74
Pena-Shokeir syndrome type II, 75
Penis, 251, 253258
Penoscrotal hypospadias, 255256
Percutaneous alcohol absorption, 32
Perinatal infection, 164185
Periostitis, 176177
Peritonitis, 217218, 221, 225, 234
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, 200
Petechiae, 3, 144, 270
Peters anomaly, 112
Phacomatosis pigmentovascularis, 146
Phimosis, 253
Phocomelia, 13, 44
"Phototherapy sunburn", 273
Phrenic nerve palsy, 21
Piebaldism, 151
Pigmented nevus, 153, 154
Placenta, 14, 68, 237, 270
Pleural effusion, 196, 197
Pneumatosis, 225
Pneumomediastinum, 38, 203
Pneumonia, 176, 201202
Pneumopericardium, 203
Pneumoperitoneum, 226
Pneumothorax, 203
Poland's anomaly, 53, 7576
Poliosis, 151
Polydactyly, 4748
Polysyndactyly, 49
"Popcorn" calcifications, 221
Position-of-comfort, 16, 17, 2325
Posthitis, 254
Postural deformities, 2327
Potter facies, 237
Potter's syndrome, 101
Pouce flottant, 50
Prader-Willi syndrome, 76
Preauricular pits, 102
Prepuce, 254
Prickly heat, 138
Procidentia, 128, 247
Progeria, 77
Protein calorie malnutrition, 232
Prune belly syndrome. See Eagle-Barrett syndrome
Pseudohermaphroditism, 263
Pseudohydrocephalus, 122
Pseudomonas infection, 173
"Pseudoparalytic ileus" of prematurity, 216
Pulmonary agenesis, 194, 195
Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae, congenital, 192
Pulmonary cysts, 194
Pulmonary hemorrhage, 200
Pulmonary hypertension, 200
Pulmonary interstitial emphysema, 202
Purpura fulminans, 273
Purpuric lesions, 271
Pustular melanosis, 137
Pyloric stenosis, 212
R
Radial artery catheterization, 37
Radial dysplasia, 45
Ranula, 97
Raphe, 219, 221, 245, 253
Rash, 136, 138, 183184
Rectal prolapse, 223
Rectourethral fistula, 220
Rectovaginal fistula, 220
Rectovesical fistula, 221
Renal agenesis, 237
Respiration. See Cardiorespiratory system
Respiratory distress, severe, 192, 197
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