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Proracun Obrada Metala Rezanjem
Proracun Obrada Metala Rezanjem
Polazni podaci
1. Broj komada u seriji z :=
2. Odnos glavnog i komadnog vremena tk := tg⋅
3. Vremenski stepen iskoriscenja masine η :=
4. Materijal predmeta obrade C.........
5. Zatezna cvrstoca mat. predmeta obrade σm :=
6. Tvrdoca materijala predmeta obrade HB :=
7. Hrapavost obradjene povrsine posle grube obrade N.....
8. Hrapavost posle zavrsne obrade
N.....
E, N/mm2 - modul elasticnosti materijala predmeta obrade (tabela P.17, str. 112);
I, mm4 - moment inercije poprecnog preseka predmeta obrade na mestu
ukljestenja;
δ2 , mm - dubina rezanja u operacijama zavrsne obrade;
Rz, ηm - srednja visina neravnina (tabela P.1, str. 99);
c, ηm - dubina defektnog sloja (tabela P.1.1, str. 99);
µ - koeficijent kojiuzima u obzir nacin stezanja i oslanjanja (slika 2.7,str.15);
Ck1, x1 , y1 - konstanta i eksponenti glavnog otpora rezanja (tab. 2.1, str. 6);
L, mm - duzina prepusta predmeta obrade.
d, mm - precnik predmeta obrade na mestu ukljestenja
δ2
4
E := d := I := 0.05 ⋅ d δ 2 := az :=
2
C := Rz := Ks := az − Rz − C µ :=
L := Ck1 := x1 := y1 := a :=
1
y1
E ⋅ I ⋅ Ks
S2 :=
S2 :=
0.4 ⋅ µ ⋅ C ⋅ ax1 ⋅ L3
k1
1.3. Provera koraka u odnosu na otpornost drske noza
Kf, Mpa - dozvoljeno naprezanje na savijanje materijala drske noza (str. 10);
a, mm - dubina rezanja;
Co - konstanta koja uzima u obzir dimenzije poprecnog preseka drske noza i polozaj
alata u odnosu na predmet obrade ( tab. 2.6 i 2.7, str. 12 - 14)
b - sirina p.p. drske noza ( tab. 2.7, str. 14);
h - visina p.p. drske noza (tabb. 2.7, str. 14).
h
Kf := a := b := h := e := ln :=
b
1
ln
Co := y1
f :=
h Kf
S3 := S3 :=
C ⋅ C ⋅ ax1
k1 o
a a
USLOV: ≤ S4 ≤
gmax gmin
a a
S41 := S42 := S42 :=
gmax S41 := gmin
K1 := K2 := K3 := N1 := N2 :=
K3 ⋅ N1
n1 := 1 +
K1 ⋅ N2
m := i := Ca := t1 := t2 :=
Ca
n1 ⋅ K1 ⋅ t1 + K2 ⋅ t2 +
1−m i+1
Te := ⋅
m n1 + 1 Te :=
Km := Ka := Kr := Kk := Kk1 :=
Kn := Kh := Kshp := Kp :=
200
1000 ⋅ Ve
nA :=
D⋅π
3.3. Broj obrta s obzirom na iskoriscenje raspolozive snage masine
P, KW - snaga masine na kojoj se vrsi obrada (tab. P22, str. 120);
η - koeficijent vremenskog iskoriscenja masine (tab. P22, str. 120).
P := η :=
7
1 , 91 ⋅ 10 ⋅ P ⋅ η
nM :=
x1 y1
D ⋅ Ck1 ⋅ a ⋅S
nm := nm1 :=
Vpm := S ⋅ nm
Merodavni rezim obrade cine korak i broj obrta koji daju vecu vrednost:
S := n :=
l+e
tg := i ⋅
n⋅S
tk := x ⋅ tg
R := n1 ⋅ k 1 ⋅ tk
Ca tg
A := n1 ⋅ k 1 ⋅ t1 + k 2 ⋅ t2 + ⋅
i + 1 Te
Cm ⋅ p ⋅ tk
M :=
F ⋅ η ⋅ 100 ⋅ 60
Vo := R + A + M
FINA OBRADA STRUGANJEM
Polazni podaci
1. Broj komada u seriji z :=
2. Odnos glavnog i komadnog vremena tk := tg⋅
3. Vremenski stepen iskoriscenja masine η :=
4. Materijal predmeta obrade C.........
5. Zatezna cvrstoca mat. predmeta obrade σm :=
6. Tvrdoca materijala predmeta obrade HB :=
7. Hrapavost obradjene povrsine posle grube obrade N.....
8. Hrapavost posle zavrsne obrade
N.....
E, N/mm2 - modul elasticnosti materijala predmeta obrade (tabela P.17, str. 112);
I, mm4 - moment inercije poprecnog preseka predmeta obrade na mestu
ukljestenja;
µ - koeficijent koji uzima u obzir nacin stezanja i oslanjanja (slika 2.7,str.15);
Ck1, x1 , y1 - konstanta i eksponenti glavnog otpora rezanja (tab. 2.1, str. 6);
L, mm - duzina prepusta predmeta obrade.
d, mm - precnik predmeta obrade na mestu ukljestenja.
fmax - maksimalno dozvoljeni ugib predmeta obrade;
T - sirina tolerantnog polja precnika koji se obradjuje.
4
E := d := I := 0.05 ⋅ d µ :=
L := Ck1 := x1 := y1 :=
a :=
T
T := fmax :=
6
1
y1
E ⋅ I ⋅ fmax
S2 :=
0 , 4 ⋅ µ ⋅ C ⋅ ax1 ⋅ L3
k1
1.3. Provera koraka s obzirom na kvalitet obradjene povrsine
Cs , x, y, z, u - konstanta i eksponenti koraka (tab. 2.8, str. 14);
a, mm - dubina rezanja u operaciji zavrsne obrade;
Rz, µm - srednja visina neravnina (tab. P.1, str. 99);
r, mm - radijus vrha noza kojim se izvodi obrada (prilog 2);
κ, κ1, rad - napadni i pomocni napadni ugao.
Cs := x := y := z := u :=
a := Rz := r := κ := κ 1 :=
y u
Cs ⋅ Rz ⋅ r
S3 :=
x z z
a ⋅κ ⋅κ1
a a
USLOV: ≤ S4 ≤
gmax gmin
a a
S41 := S42 :=
gmax gmin
K3 ⋅ N1
n1 := 1 +
K1 ⋅ N2
m := i := Ca := t1 := t2 :=
Ca
n1 ⋅ K1 ⋅ t1 + K2 ⋅ t2 +
1−m i+1
Te := ⋅
m n1 + 1
Km := Ka := Kr := Kk := Kk1 :=
Kn := Kh := Kshp := Kp :=
200
3.2. Ekonomicni broj obrta
1000 ⋅ Ve
D := ne :=
D⋅π
Vpm := S ⋅ nm
Ekonomicni rezim obrade cine korak i broj obrta koji daju vecu vrednost proizvoda:
S := n :=
l+e
tg := i ⋅
n⋅S
tk := x ⋅ tg
x1 y1
Ck1 ⋅ a ⋅S ⋅D⋅n
P :=
P :=
7
1 , 91 ⋅ 10 ⋅ η
Usvaja se masina: P= i η=
R := n1 ⋅ k 1 ⋅ tk
Ca tg
A := n1 ⋅ k 1 ⋅ t1 + k 2 ⋅ t2 + ⋅
i + 1 Te
Cm := p :=
Cm ⋅ p ⋅ tk
M :=
F ⋅ η ⋅ 100 ⋅ 60
Vo := R + A + M
OBRADA BUSENJEM
Polazni podaci:
C
- Materijal predmeta obrade:
σ m :=
- Zatezna cvrstoca mat. predmeta obrade:
HB :=
- Tvrdoca mat. predmeta obrade:
XX
- Odnos komadnog i glavnog vremena izrade:
NX
- Kvalitet na koji treba obraditi otvor:
Napomena: Sve ostale, neophodne podatke usvojiti
Dodaci za obradu:
d B := d u − δ 1
d P := D − δ 2
1. Proracun koraka
S1 :=
Cs := 33 x s := 33 Ks := 33
xs
S2 := Cs⋅ d B ⋅ Ks
1.3 Provera koraka s obzirom na otpornost burgije
Kc := Cm := x := y :=
1
3− x
y
Kc y
S3 := ⋅ dB
42⋅ Cm
d B⋅ π ⋅ tan( α − 2 )
S4 :=
sin( φ)
Sstand :=
K1 := K2 := K3 := N1 := N2 :=
K3 ⋅ N1
n 1 := 1 +
K1 ⋅ N2
m := i := Ca := t1 := t2 :=
Ca
n 1 ⋅ K1 ⋅ t1 + K2 ⋅ t2 +
1−m i+1
Te := ⋅
m n1 + 1
Cv := q := m := y := n :=
K1 := Ka := Kh := Kshp := Kp :=
q n
Cv ⋅ d B ⋅ HB ⋅ K1 ⋅ Ka⋅ Kh ⋅ Kshp⋅ Kp
Ve :=
m y
Te ⋅ S
1000⋅ Ve
n A :=
d B⋅ π
6
9.55⋅ 10 ⋅ P⋅ η
n M :=
x y
Cm⋅ d B ⋅ S
4. Merodavni broj obrta i rezim obrade
Merodavni broj obrta je manji broj obrta
n m := n m1 :=
Sm1 =
Vpm := S⋅ n m
Vpm1 := Sm1⋅ n m1
Merodavni rezim obrade cine korak i broj obrta koji daju vecu vrednost:
S := n :=
dB
l+e+
3
tg :=
n⋅ S
tk := x ⋅ tg
Ca tg
A := n 1 ⋅ k 1 ⋅ t1 + k 2 ⋅ t2 + ⋅
i + 1 Te
Cm := p :=
Cm⋅ p ⋅ tk
M :=
F⋅ η ⋅ 100 ⋅ 60
Vo := R + A + M
OBRADA CEONIM GLODANJEM
Polazni podaci
1. Broj komada u seriji z;
2. Materijal predmeta obrde;
3. Zatezna cvrstica materijala p.o. σm;
4. Tvrdoca materijala p.o. HB;
5. Hrapavost obradjene povrsine posle obrade.
z := Cxxxx σ m := HB := Nx
S11 :=
Cf := x f := y f := rf := q f :=
a := b := zg := zr := l :=
Kγ := Kv := Km := Kh :=
3 ⋅ E⋅ I⋅ fmax
S21 :=
1 , 1 ⋅ C ⋅ axf ⋅ z ⋅ brf ⋅ Dqf ⋅ K ⋅ K ⋅ K ⋅ K ⋅ l3
f r γ v m h
1.3 Provera koraka s obzirom na kvalitat obradjene povrsine
Cs := x s := y s := zs :=
xs zs
Cs⋅ Rz ⋅ D S3
S3 := S31 :=
ys zg
a
K1 := K2 := K3 := N1 := N2 :=
K3 ⋅ N1
n 1 := 1 +
K1 ⋅ N2
m := i := Ca := t1 := t2 :=
Ca
n 1 ⋅ K1 ⋅ t1 + K2 ⋅ t2 +
1−m i+1
Te := ⋅
m n1 + 1
3. Proracun brzine rezanja
Cv := x := y := m := n :=
q := r := Ka := Km := Kh :=
Kα := Kt := Kshp := Kp :=
q
Cv ⋅ D ⋅ Ka⋅ Km⋅ Kα ⋅ Kh ⋅ Kt⋅ Kshp⋅ Kp
Ve :=
m y x r n
Te ⋅ S1 ⋅ a ⋅ b ⋅ zg
1000⋅ Ve
n A :=
D⋅ π
P := η :=
7
1 , 91⋅ 10 ⋅ P⋅ η
n m :=
xf yf rf 1+ qf
Cf ⋅ a ⋅ S1 ⋅ zg ⋅ b ⋅ D ⋅ Kγ ⋅ Kv⋅ Km⋅ Kh
1
y1
ne
S1m1 := S1.⋅
n m1
Proizvodi koraka i broja obrta za oba slucaja iznose:
Vpm := S1m⋅ n m⋅ zg
Usvaja se vece vrednost brzine pomocnog kretanja i ona se standardizuje (tab, P.20, str.
119)
Vpstand :=
Merodavni rezim obrade cine korak i broj obrta koji daju vecu vrednost:
n := Vp :=
(
L := l + e1 + 0 , 5 ⋅ D −
2
D −b )
2
L
tg :=
Vp
tk := x ⋅ tg
R := n 1 ⋅ k 1 ⋅ tk
Ca tg
A := n 1 ⋅ k 1 ⋅ t1 + k 2 ⋅ t2 + ⋅
i + 1 Te
Cm := p :=
Cm⋅ p ⋅ tk
M :=
F⋅ η ⋅ 100 ⋅ 60
Vo := R + A + M
OBRADA VALJKASTIM GLODALOM
Polazni podaci
1. Broj komada u seriji z;
2. Materijal predmeta obrde;
3. Zatezna cvrstica materijala p.o. σm;
4. Tvrdoca materijala p.o. HB;
5. Hrapavost obradjene povrsine posle obrade.
z := Cxxxx σ m := HB := Nx
Cf := x f := y f := rf := qf :=
a := b := D :=
Kγ := Kv := Km := Kh := zg :=
zr :=
110 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ fmax
S21 :=
1 , 22 ⋅ C ⋅ axf ⋅ z ⋅ brf ⋅ Dqf ⋅ K ⋅ K ⋅ K ⋅ K ⋅ l3
f r γ v m h
1.3 Provera koraka s obzirom na kvalitat obradjene povrsine
Cs := x s := y s := zs :=
xs zs S3
Cs ⋅ Rz ⋅ D S31 :=
S3 := zg
ys
a
K1 := K2 := K3 := N1 := N2 :=
K3 ⋅ N1
n1 := 1 +
K1 ⋅ N2
m := i := Ca := t1 := t2 :=
Ca
n1 ⋅ K1 ⋅ t1 + K2 ⋅ t2 +
1−m i+1
Te := ⋅
m n1 + 1
Cv := x := y := m := n :=
q := r := Ka := Km :=
Kh := Kα := Kt := Kshp := Kp :=
q
Cv ⋅ D ⋅ Ka ⋅ Km ⋅ Kα ⋅ Kh ⋅ Kt ⋅ Kshp ⋅ Kp
Ve :=
m y x r n
Te ⋅ S1 ⋅ a ⋅ b ⋅ zg
1000 ⋅ Ve
nA :=
D⋅π
P := η :=
7
1 , 91 ⋅ 10 ⋅ P ⋅ η
nm :=
xf yf rf 1+ q f
Cf ⋅ a ⋅ S1 ⋅ zg ⋅ b ⋅ D ⋅ Kγ ⋅ Kv ⋅ Km ⋅ Kh
nm := nm1 :=
Usvaja se vece vrednost brzine pomocnog kretanja i ona se standardizuje (tab, P.20, str.
119)
Vpstand :=
Merodavni rezim obrade cine korak i broj obrta koji daju vecu vrednost:
n := Vp :=
L := l + e1 + e2 + a ⋅ ( D − a)
L
tg :=
Vp
tk := x ⋅ tg
Ca tg
A := n1 ⋅ k1 ⋅ t1 + k2 ⋅ t2 + ⋅
i + 1 Te
Cm ⋅ p ⋅ tk
M :=
F ⋅ η ⋅ 100 ⋅ 60
Vo := R + A + M
V. OBRADA SPOLJASNJIM AKSIJALNIM
BRUSENJEM
C
v'r := v'r = 12.22 m/min
0.5
δ 1⋅ ( Dt + Dr)
Dt⋅ Dr
0.2⋅ δ
Za fino brusenje: if := if = 8
δ2
4.2. Glavno vreme izrade:
l := 40 mm L := l − 0.4⋅ B L= 32 mm k := 1.5
ig⋅ L⋅ k
Za grubo brusenje: tgg := tgg = 0.676 min
n'r⋅ s'a
Za fino brusenje: i f ⋅ L⋅ k
tgf := tgf = 1.067 min
n''r⋅ s''a