City of Ember Novel Packet

Name: _____________________ The City of Ember
Make a
predicti
on
about
the
book:
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Why I made this prediction
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Final Due Date Total Pages
3/12-3/13 270
Note: Date indicates the day the pages are assigned. Questions and reading are to be completed for the
following day. For Example, reading and questions dated 12/1/17 are due on 12/2/17.
Date No School Date Pages Date Pages Date Pages
2/22-2/23 200-213
1/9-1/10 Dystopa 1/24-1/25 58-71 2/7-2/8 129-142
1/11- 2/26-2/27 214-227

1-14 1/26-1/29 72-85 2/9-2/12 143-156
1/12
1/16- 2/28-3/1 228-241

15-28 1/30-1/31 86-99 2/13-2/14 157-170
1/17
1-18- 170-184 3/2-3/5 242-255

29-42 2/1-2/2 100-113 2/15-2/16
1/19
1-22- 3/6-3/7 256-270
43-57 2/5-2/6 114-128 2/20-2/21 185-199
1/23
Circle the genre of your book (I recommend waiting until you have read a little bit of the book).
Realistic Historical
Science Fiction Fairytale Horror
Fiction Fiction
A story that takes place This is a story that
A story that takes place
A story that is in our own time, about takes place in the
in the future and A book that is written to
imaginary and has a events that could really distant past and is
usually has a lot of scare you, like
very happy ending, like happen, like Junie B. made up. It could
futuristic technology, Goosebumps.
Cinderella. Jones or Diary of a have actually
like Men in Black.
Wimpy Kid. happened but didn’t.
Mystery Fantasy Folktale Fable Informational

A story that involves This genre gives you
A story in which a A story that contains A story that involves
characters and teaches facts and has no
detective is trying to elements that are animals and teaches a
a lesson or explains
solve a crime or entirely imaginary, like lesson or explains why characters. An example
why something is the
puzzle, like Sherlock mermaids or dragons, something is the way it of this genre would be
way it is, like The Boy
Holmes. like Harry Potter. is. TALKING ANIMALS a newspaper article.
Who Cried Wolf.
Biography Autobiography
The story of a real The story of a real
person’s life written by person’s life written by
another person. that person.
What point of view is the novel told in? Circle One:

Third Person Third Person
First Person Second Person Third Person
(Limited) (Omniscient)
The narrator tells the story. The narrator tells the story The narrator tells the story
Told from the narrator’s The reader is the main Does not know any of the and shares the thoughts of and shares the thoughts of
point of view. (I and We) character of the text. (You) character’s thoughts. (He, the main character only. all the characters. (He,
She, They, Them, etc.) (He, She, They, Them, etc.) She, They, Them, etc)
Character Physical Traits Character Personality/Insight Traits

- Boy, Flat Top, Fast, Talks Loud, Tall, - Kind, selfish, friendly, mean, generous,
Short, Skinny, Freckles, Tan, African cheerful, brilliant, calm, playful,
American, Caucasian, etc. relaxed, serious, trusting, etc.
Figurative Language
Simile- a figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind using the
words like and as
Metaphor- a figure of speech that is used to make a comparison between two unlike things.
Onomatopoeia- the naming of a thing or action by imitation of natural sounds (as "buzz" or "hiss").
Hyperbole- exaggerated statements or claims not to be taken literally.
Personification- the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the
representation of an abstract quality in human form.
Plot section should only be filled out if done as a class. Students are not responsible for this section.
Exposition Write down three important events that happen at the beginning.
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Conflict What is the MAIN PROBLEM the protagonist most solve? Does he/she have to solve
a mystery? Stay alive? Change their personality? Save a friendship or family, win an election?
etc.
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Rising Action Write down three important events that happen that build the Conflict..
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Climax This is the turning point of the story. It is usually the event that is most exciting or where the
characters personality changes or something really important happens to the conflict.
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Falling Action Write down three important events that happen to the protagonist that bring us to the
resolution.
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Resolution What happens in the end and how is the conflict finally solved?
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Chapter Summaries
Chapter or Pages:___________________ Name:_________________
In the beginning
In this chapter: ___________________________(Character(s)) ______________________________________

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______________________________________________________________. (First action of chapter or pages)
Did you learn any new Character insight about the character you wrote above? (Insight examples are: Kind,
selfish, friendly, mean, generous, cheerful, brilliant, calm, playful, relaxed, serious, trusting, etc.)
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Events: (use sequencing words like first, second, next, then, and last)
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Questions to Ask
• Are my events factual?
• Do my events have something to do with the BIG Problem?
• If my events were left out, would the story change?
•
Chapter or
ArePages:___________________ Name:_________________
there any inferences I need to make in order to understand the chapter?
In the beginning

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Questions to Ask
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Chapter ArePages:___________________
or there any inferences I need to make in order to understandName:_________________
the chapter?
In the beginning

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Questions to Ask
• Are there any inferences I need to make in order to understand the chapter?

In the beginning

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Questions to Ask
In the beginning

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Questions to Ask
In the beginning

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Questions to Ask
•
1/19-1/22 Are there any inferences I need to make in order to understand the chapter?
Pages 1-14
1. What happened to the box with the instructions that the mayors were supposed to keep and
pass down to one another?
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2. What happened on assignment day? What was different about how the students acted in class
that day?
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3. What is one physical trait that the author reveals about Lina and Doon?
Lina:_________________________________________________________________________________
Doon: _______________________________________________________________________________
4. What job did Lina pull out of the bag?

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5. What caused the mayor to become angry with Doon?
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6. Think about what you know about science fiction books. What characteristics does science fiction
usually have? (Use the reference sheet in your Chapter Summaries packet for help)
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The Environment: Hydropower Energy

What is hydropower?
Hydropower is power that is generated from moving water such as rivers.
Renewable Energy
Hydropower is a renewable energy source. This means that using a dam or a river to
generate electricity doesn't use up any limited resources like coal or gasoline.
How do we get power from water?
Falling or flowing water from a big river has a lot of energy. We can use this by forcing the water
through a pipe called a penstock. As the water flows through the pipe it turns the blades of a turbine
which spins an electric generator. As long as the water is flowing, the generator will be able to provide
electricity.
Electricity can be generated by water moving through a dam
In a run-of-the-river system the turbines are spun by the natural flow of the river. These systems have
the advantage of not creating a huge lake and flooding the area above the dam. As a result, they
have less overall impact on the environment. However, in order to provide continuous electricity, the
river they use must stay full throughout the year.
History of Hydropower
Using rivers to power mechanical devices is not a new concept. As far back as ancient times,
thousands of years ago, people used hydropower to perform tasks such as grinding grain into flour. In
the late 1800s scientists first figured out how to use hydropower to generate electricity. The first
hydroelectric power plant was built in Wisconsin in 1882. Since then, many more power plants have
been built in the United States including the Hoover Dam in 1936 and the Grand Coulee Dam in
1942.
Fun Facts about Hydropower
• There are over 2,000 hydroelectric power plants in the United States.
• The largest dam and hydroelectric power plant in the world is the Three Gorges Dam in China.
It provides 22,500 Megawatts of electricity!
• Most of the dams in the United States were not built to supply power. They were built for flood
control.
• A large portion of the hydropower generated in the United States occurs in the western states.
The number one producer of hydropower is Washington state which produced 29% of the
nations hydropower in 2011.
In the city of Ember the city’s electricity powered is powered by generators. Their generators are
powered by water – this is called hydroelectricity. This city has a river channeled through tunnels and
it is one of our main character’s job to work in the tunnels are labeled as pipeworks laborers.
7. What type of energy does the City of Ember use?

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8. What would happen to the electricity if the river would stop flowing?
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Utopias and Dystopias

Definitions
A utopia is a perfect world. In utopias, there are not problems like war, disease, poverty, oppression, discrimination,
inequality, and so forth. The word utopia is made-up from Greek roots by Sir Thomas More. In 1516, More wrote a
book called Utopia. Depending on the Greek roots used, utopia can either mean 'no place' or 'good place.'
A dystopia, on the other hand, is a world in which nothing is perfect. The problems that plague our world are often
even more extreme in dystopias. Dystopia is a play on the made-up word 'utopia' using the root dys, which means
'bad' or 'difficult.' Words like 'dysfunctional' or 'dyslexia' illustrate the use of this prefix.
Characteristics
Utopias
New Harmony By F. Bate, Example Of A Utopia

• peaceful government
• equality for citizens
• access to education, healthcare, employment, and so forth
• a safe environment
Dystopias
• usually a controlling, oppressive government or no government
• either extreme poverty for everyone or a huge income gap between the richest characters and the poorest
characters
• propaganda controlling people's minds
• freethinking and independent thought is banned
Examples
As you probably guessed, examples of dystopias are much more common. After all, if fiction writers could devise
solutions to our world's biggest problems, such as world hunger, poverty, and war, then we would probably have
implemented them and be currently living in a utopia! Another reason dystopias are more popular with writers is
because they are, by their very nature, full of conflict, an integral part of any engaging story.
Dystopias
Recent example of dystopias include The Hunger Games, written by Suzanne Collins in 2008, which is about a
lottery in which children are picked to fight to the death, and Divergent, a 2011 novel (adapted into a film in 2014)
about a society split into five factions based on five different personality characteristics as a method to retain control
over human nature. As you can no doubt tell, dystopian stories have found an increased popularity in the young
adult genre of literature.
There are many classic examples of dystopian stories, including Aldous Huxley's Brave New World and Anthony
Burgess' A Clockwork Orange. However, probably the most well-known example of classic dystopian literature
is 1984 by George Orwell, written in 1949. It's an example of a dystopia in which British society, over time, became
warped and transformed into an extreme totalitarian state. In addition to controlling the press, the food, and
relationships of the state's inhabitants, the manipulation and control of human thought itself is the goal of this
regime. If you've ever heard a political pundit or other writer use the term 'thoughtcrime', 'doublethink', or 'Big
Brother', you're hearing terms from 1984.
Utopias
In utopias, the biggest issues that case conflict have been solved: there is no longer war, illness, poverty, or
inequality. Sometimes a more enlightened group helps guide our society to a better world, such as inChildhood's
End by Arthur C. Clarke (1954), where a group of aliens use their advanced technology and ideologies to help
humans create a better society.
9. What is the difference between a utopia and a dystopia?

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10. Why might someone want to create a Utopia?

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1/22-1/23
Pages 15-28
11. Why did Doon want to trade jobs with Lina? What job did Doon really want?
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12. Why did Lina and Doon stop being friends when they were little?
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13. Why was Granny’s yarn shop no longer well organized?
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14. In your own words, describe Lina’s apartment in two to three sentences?
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15. What information did students learn from The Book of the City of Ember?
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16. The messengers’ headquarters were on Cloving Street. Look at the map in the beginning of the
book. Name a street that is parallel to Cloving Street. Name a street that is perpendicular to Cloving
Street.
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1/25 Thursday
Pages 29-42
20. Why did Mrs. Sample have to sleep on her couch?

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21. What message did Looper have Lina deliver? Who did he have her deliver it to?
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22. Why didn’t anyone know what time, day or year it really was?
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22. What did Lina do while trying to deliver her message to the mayor that got her in trouble?
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23. What did Doon see for the first time on his first day of work?
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24. What point of view is this book written in? How do you know? (Use the reference sheet in your
Chapter Summaries packet to help)
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The Day Martin Luther King, Jr. Was Shot

Slave Resistance in North America/Freedom for the Colonies
23. What is pidgin? What was it used for?

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24. Who was Nat Turner? What is he known for?

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29. Who was one of the first people to be shot during the Boston Massacre?
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30. The Declaration of Independence was about freeing ourselves from England.
What was missing from the Declaration of Independence?
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Monday 1/29/18
Pages 43-57
31. What made Doon so nervous about being that far underground?
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32. Why did Doon think of himself as foolish during his lunch break?
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33. Why was Doon’s apartment so crowed?
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34. What advice did Doon’s father give him?
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35. What unusual thing did Lina come home and find Granny doing?
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What favor did Lina ask of Mrs. Murdo?

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Vocabulary
Figurative Language
words like and as
Multiple Meaning Words

Homonym- two words with different means that sound the same and are written the same.
Homophone- two words with different meanings that sound the same, but are written differently.
Homograph- two words with different meaning that are written the same, but sound different.
Pun- a joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words that sound
alike but have different meanings.
Synonym- a word or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word or phrase in the same
language.
Antonym- a word opposite in meaning to another.
Context Clues
1. On page 42 is the word “turbulent.” What does turbulent mean on this page?
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2. What type of context clue did you use?
a. Synonym
b. Antonym
c. Definition
d. Example
e. Context
3. Create a sentence below that uses the word turbulent. Turbulent should have the same meaning as it does on
page 42.
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4. Use context clues to tell what the word suited as it is used on page 9.
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5. What does suit mean in the sentence below.
Mr. Taylor put on his nice suit for 5th grade graduation.
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6. Are the two words homonyms, homophones or homographs? Explain.
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Synonyms/Antonymns
7. Read page 27. What could a synonym for the word “cluster” be?
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Word Parts
8. On page 33 the text says, “A second later, the door opened again, and the guard’s small fuzzy head reappeared.”
The definition of the root appear is: come into sight
The prefix en means: again or to indicate repetition
Using the word parts, what does the word reappeared mean?
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Figurative Language
9. On page 46 the text says, “It was an earsplitting, growling, grinding, screaming noise, shot through with a hoarse
rackety-rackety sound and underscored with a deep chugga-chugga-chugga.” What type of figurative language is this an
example of? Explain.
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Dictionary/Thesaurus
10. Use the dictionary to find the definition of the word diminished on page 29.
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11. Use the dictionary to find the definition of two unknown words you read in the text.
a.
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b.
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Idioms/Sayings/Phrases
12. On page 2 the chief builder says, “No, just that it’s information they won’t need and must not see until the box opens of
its own accord.” What does “of its own accord” mean in this sentence?
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13. Create a new sentence that uses “of its own accord” “Of its own accord” should have the same meaning as it
does above.
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14. On page 29 the text says, “Now here was Mrs. Polster again, looming over Lina and pronouncing her message.”
What does “looming over” mean in this sentence?
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15. Create a new sentence that uses “looming over.” “looming over” should have the same meaning as it does
above.
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Vocab Sort
16. Look at the words listed below. What do those three words have in common?
• scrambling (page 57)
• thrust (page 41)
• lumbered (page 7)
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17. Which of these three words more closely means “move in a slow awkward way.” Explain.
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The City of Ember – Pages 1-57

Directions: Make sure to answer each question using R.A.C.E. (Restate the question, Answer the question, Cite
two pieces of evidence, Explain your evidence).
1. What specific moments from the text show that Lina is lighthearted or cheerful?
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2. Do you think the citizens want to leave Ember? Why or why not?
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Wednesday
Pages 58-71
41. What information did Clary tell Lina about the potatoes?
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42. What was Sadge Merrall rambling to Clary about?

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43. Why couldn’t people of Ember go exploring in the Unknown Regions?

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44. What does Clary think about there being another light in this dark world?
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45. Why would Granny be tearing apart the apartment when Lina would come home?
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46. Who was taking care of Granny and Poppy?
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Friday
Pages 72-85
51. Who was standing on the steps of the Gathering Hall? What was he shouting about?
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52. What did Lina end up buying at the shop?
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53. What did Lina lose while she was at the shop?
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54. Where did Lina end up finding Poppy?

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55. What message did Lina end up carrying twelve times? Why did so many people want to send that
message?
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56. What notice appeared on all the city kiosks?

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Tuesday
Pages 86-99
57. Why was Doon upset about the mayor’s speech?

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58. What was Poppy doing when Lina returned to the apartment?
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59. What did Lina try and do with the scraps of paper?
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60. Who did Lina end up telling about the scraps of paper?
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61. How did she respond after seeing the scraps of paper?
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62. What point of view is this book written in? How do you know?
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Thursday
Pages 100-113
71. Why doesn’t Lizzie know how many light bulbs are left?
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72. How did Lizzie respond when Lina showed her the scraps of paper?
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73. Who did Lina decide to write to about the scraps of paper she found?
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74. What in “The Instructions” led Lina to think of asking Doon for help?
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75. How did Doon get away with wandering through the tunnels?
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76. What is the genre of this book? How do you know?

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Monday
Pages 114-128
77. What did Doon end up finding while he wandered around the tunnels?
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78. Why was Doon looking up information about Fire at the library?
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79. Where did Doon think they should look after seeing the Instructions?
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80. Where did Doon and Lina go together?

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81. Why did Lina ask if there was a pan?

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82. What is the author’s purpose in writing this book? (to persuade, to inform, to entertain)
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Vocabulary
Figurative Language
words like and as

Homonym- two words with different means that sound the same and are written the same.
Homophone- two words with different meanings that sound the same, but are written differently.
Homograph- two words with different meaning that are written the same, but sound different.
Synonym- a word or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word or phrase in the same
language.
Antonym- a word opposite in meaning to another.
Pun- a joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words that sound
alike but have different meanings.
Context Clues
1. On page 109 is the word decoded. What does decoded mean on this page?
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2. What type of context clue did you use?
a. Synonym
b. Antonym
c. Definition
d. Example
e. Context
3. Now make up a different sentence of your own that also uses the word decoded. Decoded should also have the same
meaning as it does in the text.
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Synonyms/Antonyms
4. Read page 87. What could be a synonym for “yanked?”
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Figurative Language
5. On page 64 the text says, “rats as big as garbage bins.” What type of figurative language is this an example of?
Explain.
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Word Parts
6. On page 87 the text says, “The mayor’s voice kept coming in blasts of incomprehensible sound, and the people in the
crowd were either shouting angrily or yelping in fear of being squashed.”
The definition of the root comprehend is: grasp mentally; understand.
The prefix in means: opposite or not
The suffix ible means: able to
Using the word parts, what does the word incomprehensible mean?
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Dictionary/Thesaurus
7. Use the dictionary to find the definition of the word pungent on page 59.
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8. Use the dictionary to find the definition of two unknown words you read in the text.
a.
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b.
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Vocab Sort
9. Look at the words listed below. What do those three words have in common?
• crumpled (page 93)

• tangled (page 94)
• frayed (page 96)
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15. Which of these three words more closely means “unraveled or worn at the edge?” Explain.
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City of Ember
3. How would this story be different if they were outside and not underground?
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4. What do you think “The Instructions” are for?

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Pages 129-142
91. Why did Lina and Doon think that they might hear an announcement?
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92. Why did Lina have to stay home from work with Granny?
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93. What did Lina end up drawing with her colored pencils?
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94. Why did Lina get up in the middle of the night?

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95. What did Lina find when she woke up in the morning?
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96. What is the Singing?

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The Day Martin Luther King, Jr., Was Shot

Nonviolent Protest/Sitting and Riding
97. What was the MIA, what did they call for, and who was the young minister elected MIA’s
president?
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98. Ultimately, what was the result of the bus boycotts in Montgomery, Alabama?
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99. Describe “sit-ins”. What college started them? What store did they hold their “sit-ins”? What
did they agree with Dr. King about?
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100. What were freedom rides?

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Tuesday 3/1/16
Pages 143-156
101. Who did Lina see after she delivered a message?

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102. What did Lizzie drop? Why was it unusual or strange that she had those?
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103. Where did Lizzie get the cans?

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104. What did Lizzie and Lina disagree about?

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105. Where did Doon go exploring in the Pipeworks?

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106. What unusual thing did Doon find when he went exploring?
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Marching for Freedom/Black Power
107. After the assassination of John F. Kennedy, what did Lyndon B. Johnson sign
into law? What did this act allow?
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108. What caused the civil rights movement to being to fall apart in 1964?
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109. What was Stokely Carmichael issue a call for? Who were the Black Panthers?
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110. Who was the leader of the Nation of Islam, sometimes called the Black
Muslims?
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Wednesday 3/2/16
Pages 157-170
111. What news did Doon tell Lina?

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112. What information does Lina share with Doon?
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113. Who did Lina and Doon decide to tell about the problem?
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114. What did Barton Snode do after they told him about the mayor?
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115. Who did Lina take to her house? Why?
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116. What point of view is this book written in? How do you know?
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On from Selma/Blacks in Office
117. Who was Viola Liuzzo, what did she do, and what happened to her?
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118. What did Dr. King speak out against and what were people’s reaction?
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119. Why was Thomas Bradley’s election as mayor of Los Angeles a surprise?
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120. Who was the African American who campaigned for the Democratic presidential
nomination in both 1984 and 1988?
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Thursday 3/3/16
Pages 171-184
121. What did Clary help Lina and Doon figure out about the Instructions?
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122. Why didn’t Doon tell his father about the mayor and the Instructions?
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123. Why was everyone going to get off of work at 12:00?
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124. What news did Doon come tell Lina? Where were they going to go?
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125. What did Lina and Doon see when they went down to the riverbank?
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126. What genre is this book written in? How do you know?
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Blacks in Office/The Struggle Goes On
127. Who was the first elected African American governor in the history of the United States?
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128. This question is not in the book. Who was the first African American President of the United
States?
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129. What problems that are facing the black underclass that are not affecting the white underclass
as much?
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130. What makes the observation of a Dr. King Federal Holiday so unique?
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Friday 3/4/16
Pages 185-199
131. Lina and Doon thought the word on the Instructions was pan. What word was it really?
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132. What were in the boxes Lina and Doon found?

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133. Lina and Doon saw two things that were labeled that most people would know. They had
no idea what they were. What two words didn’t they know?
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134. What did Doon think they should do at the start of the singing?
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135. Why didn’t Doon think he needed to take very much with him?
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136. What did Doon see out the window?

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Study shows time away from screens helps kids

improve their social skills
By Los Angeles Times, adapted by Newsela staff
08.27.14
The Herina family (from left), Peter and Beth with their two kids Dylan, 13, and Haley, 10, in their family home in Ringwood, New Jersey, Sept. 30,
2009. Dylan has strict rules as to when and where he can use his cellphone to text. Photo: AP Photo/Rich Schultz
A week without seeing a screen could change how you look at the world. A new study suggests that
the ability to read nonverbal social cues can improve after just five days away from computers and
iPhones.
Researchers followed a group of about 50 sixth-graders to a nature camp in Southern California.

None of the campers could use computers or cellphones.
Nonverbal social cues are the emotional information we pick up from people that is not spoken
out loud. Cues can come in how people look at you or how they sound.
Researchers are wondering whether children are losing the ability to read these important cues.
Children spend more time using electronics and less time interacting face-to-face these days.
Looking At People Making Faces
Yalda Uhls works for a group focused on understanding Internet use. She also led the study and
wrote up the results. Uhls said the idea for the study came from watching her daughter. She said she
sees her daughter and her friends using phones to interact while they are all in the same room.
Uhls and professor Patricia Greenfield found a sixth-grade class that goes to a wilderness camp for
five days. The researchers wanted to see children without their electronics.
About 50 children attended the camp. When they arrived, they took two tests to measure their ability
to read nonverbal social cues. In the first, the kids were asked to judge the feelings in 48 photos of
people making faces. In the second test, they watched a video with no sound and then judged the
actor's feelings.
The kids took the tests again five days later. According to researchers, the kids made an average of
14.02 mistakes on the face-recognition test at the beginning of their camp stay. They thought
the actors were feeling one way when they actually felt a different way. Then, by the end of the camp
the kids took the test again. That time, they only made 9.41 mistakes.
On the video test, they correctly named about a fourth of the feelings at the beginning of camp. After
five days at camp, the students got 31 percent correct.
Uhls said the researchers were surprised to see those results after just five days. She was
encouraged by what they showed though. The results suggest that putting devices away for five days
is enough time to improve at reading social cues.
Showing An Improvement
The researchers needed to compare the results at camp to kids who did not go to camp. They gave
the same test to 54 sixth-graders from the same school who had not gone to camp. The group, which
is called a control group, made an average of 12.24 mistakes the first time they took the photo test.
Like the group at camp, they made 9.81 mistakes five days later.
For the video test, the students’ scores stayed the same. Students in the control group got an
average of 28 percent of the feelings correct both times they were tested.
The end results of the two groups were not that different. The group at camp showed a larger
improvement over the five days than the group of kids who did not go to the camp.
Uhls said she noticed the groups' same end results. The researchers are focusing on the change the
kids showed over time because the groups started at different levels.
Uhls and Greenfield said the results of their study suggest that it is important for kids to spend time
away from screens like computers, cellphones and TVs. It does not necessarily suggest that all
screen time is bad. They hope people understand it's important that kids have time for talking face-to-
face.
“It is really important to have a balance,” Uhls said.
137. How many days does it take away from screens to improve your nonverbal social skills?
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138. What are nonverbal social cues?
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139. How many mistakes did the kids make on the first test? How many mistakes did they
make on the second test?
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140. What is the author’s purpose in writing this article? (to persuade, to inform, to entertain)
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*** The R.A.C.E. questions and letter on the following pages are due 3/7/16
The City of Ember

5. What character trait or personality trait would you give to the mayor?
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6. How has the mayor changed or impacted to story?
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Date:___________
The City of Ember #3
Paragraph 1 - Introduction (Greeting or Salutation, Title,
Author, Genre, Brief Summary)
Paragraph 2 – What did Lina and Doon end up finding when they tried to
follow the instructions?
Paragraph 3 – Who did Lina and Doon tell about the mayor? What do they
think will happen?
Paragraph 4 – Conclusion (Review, Recommendation, Questions, Prediction
and Signature)
* Don't forget to edit and revise your reading letter!
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The City of Ember
Name: _____________________
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4 3 2 1
Introduction Your introduction Your introduction Your introduction Your introduction is missing
includes: includes: includes: one of these:
□ Heading □ Heading □ Heading □ Heading
□ Title □ Title □ Title □ Title
□ Genre □ Genre □ Genre □ Genre
□ Author □ Author □ Author □ Author
□ Brief and □ Brief and □ Brief summary □ Brief summary
accurate accurate
summary summary
You have a creative
and insightful
beginning.
Introduction Feedback:
Connection, Your paragraph Your paragraph was Your paragraph was Your paragraph was missing
Prediction, etc. included: missing one: missing two: three:
□ Restated □ Restated □ Restated □ Restated Question
Question Question Question □ Answered Question
□ Answered □ Answered □ Answered □ Cited Evidence
Question Question Question □ Explained Evidence
□ Cited □ Cited □ Cited
Evidence Evidence Evidence
□ Explained □ Explained □ Explained
Connection Feedback:
Connection, Your paragraph Your paragraph was Your paragraph was Your paragraph was
Prediction, etc. included: missing one: missing two: missing three:
□ Restated □ Restated □ Restated □ Restated
Question Question Question Question
□ Answered □ Answered □ Answered □ Answered
□ Cited □ Cited □ Cited Evidence □ Cited Evidence
Evidence Evidence □ Explained □ Explained
□ Explained □ Explained Evidence Evidence
Evidence Evidence
Prediction Feedback:
Conclusion Your conclusion is Your conclusion is well Your conclusion is Your conclusion is not well
well written and written and is missing missing two or more of written and does not include:
includes: one of these: these: □ Future Prediction
□ Future □ Future □ Future □ Question
Prediction Prediction Prediction □ Review
□ Question □ Question □ Question □ Recommendation
□ Review □ Review □ Review □ Signature
□ Recommend □ Recommenda □ Recommenda
ation tion tion
□ Signature □ Signature □ Signature
Conclusion Feedback:
Conventions Your letter is well Your letter is well Your letter is not well Your letter is not well edited
edited and includes edited and includes few edited and includes and shows little effort on
few or no spelling or spelling or grammar spelling or grammar spelling or grammar.
grammar mistakes. mistakes. mistakes.
Conventions Feedback:
Monday 3/7/16
Pages 200-213
141. Why were the guards after Doon and Lina?

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142. Why did Lina like living with Mrs. Murdo?

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143. What was written on the white piece of paper in the window?
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144. What did Lina and Doon decide to do instead of telling everyone at the Singing?
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145. Who came after Lina right after she left to deliver the note?
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146 Where did Lina try to hide? Why couldn’t she hide there?
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United States
Government
The Constitution
The Constitution is the framework for the federal government of the United States. It is the highest
form of law in the country. The Constitution creates the branches of government and gives them the
power to govern. However, it also protects the citizens of the United States and guarantees their
basic rights.
History of the Constitution
Articles of Confederation
The first Constitution was called the Articles of Confederation, which was ratified in 1781. The Articles
of Confederation had issues, however. The main issue was that the government had no money or
way to get money under the Articles. The army wasn't being paid and was deserting. Debts to foreign
countries weren't being paid. The government became too weak and a new constitution was needed.
Constitutional Convention
In May of 1787 the Constitutional Convention gathered to discuss changes to the Articles of the
Confederation. After some debate it became apparent to the representatives that a new Constitution
was needed. A lot of the debate was held in secret so that the delegates would feel free to speak their
minds.
A primary aim of the Constitution was to create a government that would be powerful enough to run
the country, but would not impose on people's or state's rights. To avoid too much power being held
by one person or group, they created the Balance of Power between the three branches of
government: Executive, Legislative, and Judicial.
There were two primary competing plans for the Constitution:
Virginia Plan - The Virginia plan was written by James Madison. It represented the desires of the
larger states and said that the number of representatives to Congress should be based on the state's
population.
New Jersey Plan - The New Jersey plan was written by William Paterson from New Jersey. It
represented the smaller states and said that each state should have the same number of
representatives.
In the end, an agreement was reached called The Great Compromise. This allowed the number of
representatives to the House be based on the state's population while each state would have two
representatives in the Senate.
Articles of the Constitution
The Constitution is organized into seven articles:
• Legislative Power
• Executive Power
• Judicial Power
• States' Powers and Limits
• Amendments
• Federal Power
• Ratification
Ratification
In order for the Constitution to go into effect, 9 of the 13 states needed to ratify it. The first state to
ratify the Constitution was Delaware on December 7, 1787. The last state was Rhode Island in May of
1790.
Preamble to the Constitution
"We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure
domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the
Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the
United States of America."
Fun Facts about the Constitution
• James Madison is often called the father of the Constitution since so much of his work and
ideas were incorporated into the final document.
• Governor Morris wrote the Constitution and is widely credited with authoring the famous
preamble.
• 39 of the 55 delegates at the convention signed the document. Many who refused did so
because of the lack of a Bill of Rights.
• The US Constitution is the oldest written constitution still used in the world today.
• The Constitution that is on display at the National Archives was penned by Jacob Shallus.
• There are currently 27 amendments to the Constitution.
147. Name two reasons that the Articles of Confederation were ineffective.
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148. What was different about the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan?
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United States Government

The Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights are the first 10 amendments to the United States Constitution. The idea behind the
Bill of Rights was to insure certain freedoms and rights to the citizens of America. It put limits on what
the government could do and control. Freedoms protected include freedom of religion, speech,
assembly, the right to bear arms, unreasonable search and seizure of your home, the right to a
speedy trial, and more.
Many delegates of the states were against signing the Constitution without a Bill of Rights included. It
became a major issue in ratifying the Constitution in some states. As a result,James Madison wrote
12 amendments and presented them to the First Congress in 1789. On December 15, 1791 ten of the
amendments were passed and made part of the Constitution. They would later become known as the
Bill of Rights.
The Bill of Rights was based on several previous documents including the Magna Carta, the Virginia
Declaration of Rights, and the English Bill of Rights.
Here is a list of the first 10 amendments to the Constitution, the Bill of Rights:
The First Amendment - states that Congress shall make no law preventing the establishment of
religion or prohibiting its free exercise. Also protected are freedom of speech, freedom of the press,
freedom of assembly, and the right to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
The Second Amendment - protects citizen's right to bear arms.
The Third Amendment - prevents the government from placing troops in private homes. This was a
real problem during the American Revolutionary War.
The Fourth Amendment - this amendment prevents the government from unreasonable search and
seizure of the property of US citizens. It requires the government to have a warrant that was issued
by a judge and based on probable cause.
The Fifth Amendment - The Fifth Amendment is famous for people saying "I'll take the Fifth". This
gives people the right to choose not to testify in court if they feel their own testimony will incriminate
themselves.
In addition this amendment protects citizens from being subject to criminal prosecution and
punishment without due process. It also prevents people from being tried for the same crime twice.
The amendment also establishes the power of eminent domain, which means that private property
can not be seized for public use without just compensation.
The Sixth Amendment - guarantees a speedy trial by a jury of one's peers. Also, people accused
are to be informed of the crimes with which they are charged and have the right to confront the
witnesses brought by the government. The amendment also provides the accused the right to compel
testimony from witnesses, and to legal representation (meaning the government has to provide a
lawyer).
The Seventh Amendment - provides that civil cases also be tried by jury.
The Eighth Amendment - prohibits excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual
punishments.
The Ninth Amendment - states that the list of rights described in the Constitution is not exhaustive,
and that the people still have all the rights that are not listed.
The Tenth Amendment - gives all powers not specifically given to the United States government in
the Constitution, to either the states or to the people.
149. How many amendments are included in the Bill of Rights? How many amendments did James
Madison write?
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150. Which amendment do you think is the most important? Why?
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Tuesday 3/8/16
Pages 214-227
151. Where were the guards planning on taking Lina?

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152. What allowed Lina to run away from the mayor?
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153. Where did the mayor threaten to send Lina?

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154. What did Lina see during the blackout? Why was Lina able to see it?
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155. Why was Doon worried on his way to the Pipeworks?

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156. What did Doon decide to do before going to the Pipeworks?

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Executive Branch - The
President
The leader of the Executive Branch is the President of the United States. The President holds all the
power for this branch of the government and the other members report to the President. Other parts
of the Executive branch include the Vice President, the Executive Office of the President, and the
Cabinet.
The President
The President is seen as the leader of the US Government and is both the head of state and the
Commander-in-Chief of the US armed forces.
One of the main powers of the President is the power to sign legislation from Congress into law or to
veto it. A veto means that, even though congress voted for the law, the President does not agree. The
legislation can still become a law if two-thirds of both the houses of Congress vote to overturn the
veto. This is all part of the balance of powers put into place by the Constitution.
One of the jobs of the President is to enforce and implement the laws set in place by Congress. To do
this there are federal agencies and departments that work for the President. The President appoints
the heads or leaders of these agencies. Some of these people are also on the President's Cabinet.
Other responsibilities of the President include diplomacy with other nations, including signing treaties,
and the power to grant pardons to criminals of federal crimes.
To further balance power and to keep too much power from any one person, any person is limited to
two four-year terms of being President. The President and the First Family live in the White House in
Washington DC.
Requirements to Become President
The Constitution states three requirements for a person to become President:
At least 35 years old.

A natural born US Citizen.
Live in the United States for at least 14 years.
Vice President
The main job of the Vice President is to be ready to take over for the President if something should
happen to the President. Other jobs include breaking a tie in voting in the Senate and advising the
President.
Executive Office of the President
The President has a LOT to do. To help with the many duties of the President, the Executive Office of
the President (also called the EOP for short) was created in 1939 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
The White House Staff heads up the EOP and has many of the President's closest advisors. Some of
the EOP positions, like the Office of Management and Budget, are approved by the Senate, other
positions are just hired by the President.
The EOP includes the National Security Council, which helps to advise the President on issues such
as national security and intelligence. Another part of the EOP is the White House Communications
and Press Secretary. The Press Secretary gives briefings on what the President is doing to the press,
or media, so that the people of the US can stay informed.
All in all, the EOP helps to keep the Executive Branch running smoothly despite it's wide range of
responsibilities.
Cabinet
The Cabinet is an important and powerful part of the Executive Branch. It is made up of the heads of
15 different departments. They all must be approved by the Senate.
157. How can something still become a law even if the president vetoes it?
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158. Who becomes the President of the United States if something happens to the President?
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The US Cabinet
The Cabinet is a group of the President's top advisors. It is made up of the heads of the 15 main
executive departments. Each of the department heads has the title Secretary, like Secretary of
Defense or Secretary of Education, except for the head of the Justice Department who is called the
Attorney General.
Cabinet members are chosen by the president and the confirmed by the Senate. The president can
also remove cabinet members at any time. The Cabinet members are some of the most powerful
people in the United States and each of their departments is important in the running of our country.
The Cabinet has a long history all the way back to the first President, George Washington. President
Washington appointed a Cabinet of four people to help and advise him. The first Cabinet
included Thomas Jefferson (Secretary of State), Alexander Hamilton (Secretary of the Treasury),
Henry Knox (Secretary of War), and Edmund Randolph (Attorney General).
Below is a list of the different departments and a short description of each:
Department of Agriculture
You may know this department by it's shortened name, the USDA. The USDA plays an important
role in overseeing farming and our food. They make sure that our food is safe and properly grown
and prepared. They also make sure that our land is protected and that farmers can successfully
grow food to feed the nation.
Department of Commerce
This department works on promoting the nation's economy. They do this by running programs that
help technological innovation, supporting business and industry, and issuing patents and
trademarks. The Department of Commerce also assists in international trade agreements and
runs our telecommunications and technical policies.
Department of Defense
This department provides the military that defends our country. It includes the Army, Navy, and Air
Force. It is headquartered at the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia. The Department of Defense
(DOD) is the government's largest agency.
Department of Education
This Department of Education promotes national education and works to keep America
competitive and to make sure that education is available to everyone. The department works
closely with the states to place financial aid and help where needed the most.
Department of Energy
The Department of Energy is often called the DOE. The DOE works to advance the national,
economic, and energy security of the United States. It helps to find new sources of clean, reliable
energy through helping with scientific research and innovation.
Department of Health and Human Services
This department helps to keep Americans healthy. It helps with administering Medicare and
Medicaid. Some major agencies report into this department including the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC).
Department of Homeland Security
This is a new department that was formed in 2002 by President George W. Bush after the 9/11
attacks. Its job is to prevent and disrupt terrorist attacks within the United States.
Department of Housing and Urban Development
This department works on national housing needs. It helps poorer families to buy homes. It is
often referred to by its initials HUD.
Department of the Interior
This department handles the conservation of our land. It manages our national parks and works to
protect our lands, wildlife, and natural resources.
Department of Justice
The job of the Department of Justice is to enforce the law and to protect public safety. It makes
sure that criminals are prosecuted and that all Americans get fair justice. Some of the
organizations included in this department include the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and
the US Marshals.
Department of Labor
This department is responsible for making sure America has a strong workforce. It works on job
training, safe working conditions, minimum wage, discrimination in the workplace, and
unemployment insurance.
Department of State
The Department of State handles our relationships with foreign countries. This includes diplomatic
relationships with over 180 other countries. The Secretary of State is the President's top foreign
advisor.
Department of Transportation
The DOT makes sure that there is fast and safe transportation around the United States. This is
important for our economy and quality of life. They manage Federal Highways, and the Federal
Aviation Administration (FAA) which makes sure flying is safe.
Department of the Treasury
This department manages the money for the United State financial systems. It not only makes the
money, but collects taxes and makes sure that the government has the money to keep running.
Department of Veteran's Affairs
This department administers benefit programs for our veterans. This is to make sure that people
who served in battle for the United States are taken care of once they are back home.
159. How many people are in a current president’s cabinet? How many people were in George
Washington’s cabinet?
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160. Name three things the Department of Labor does.

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Wednesday 3/9/16
Pages 228-241
161. What did Lina bring with her to the Pipeworks?

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162. How was Lina able to carry Poppy down into the Pipeworks?
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163. What did Lina and Doon use to keep the boat from washing away in the water?
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164. What caused Poppy to wrap her arms so tightly around Lina?
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165. How did Lina and Doon use the paddles to help them?
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166. What is the author’s purpose in writing this book? (to persuade, to inform, to entertain)
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Legislative Branch -
Congress
The Legislative Branch is also called the Congress. There are two parts that make up Congress:
the House of Representatives and the Senate.
The Legislative Branch is the part of the government that writes up and votes on laws, also called
legislation. Other powers of the Congress include declaring war, confirming Presidential
appointments for groups like the Supreme Court and the Cabinet, and investigating power.
House of Representatives
There are 435 total Representatives in the House. Each state has a different number of
representatives depending on their total population. States with more people get more
representatives.
Representatives are elected every two years. They must be 25 years old, have been a US citizen
for at least 7 years, and live in the state they represent.
The Speaker of the House is the leader of the House of Representative. The House elects the
member they want to be the leader. The Speaker is third in line in succession to the President.
The Senate
The Senate has 100 members. Each state has two Senators.
Senators are elected every 6 years. To become a Senator a person must be at least 30 years old,
have been a US citizen for at least 9 years, and must live in the state they represent.
Making a Law
For a law to be made it must go through a bunch of steps called the Legislative Process. The first
step is for someone to write a bill. Anyone can write a bill, but only a member of Congress can
present it to the Congress.
Next the bill goes to a committee that is an expert on the subject of the bill. Here the bill may be
rejected, accepted, or changed. The bill may go to a number of committees. Experts are often
brought in to witness and give their opinions on the pros and cons of a bill. Once the bill is ready
and the committee agrees, it goes before the entire Congress.
Both the House and the Senate will have their own debates about the bill. Members will speak for
or against the bill and then the Congress will vote. A bill must get a majority of the votes from both
the Senate and the House of Representatives to pass.
The next step is for the President to sign the bill. The president can sign the bill into law or choose
to veto the bill. Once the president veto's a bill, congress can then try to override the veto by
getting two thirds of the vote from both the House and the Senate.
Other Powers of Congress
In addition to making laws, congress has other responsibilities and powers. These include creating
an annual budget for the government and taxing the citizens to pay for it. Another important
congressional power is the power to declare war.
The Senate has the specific job to ratify treaties with other countries. They also confirm
presidential appointments.
Congress also performs government oversight. They are supposed to make sure that the
government is spending the tax money on the right things and that the different branches of
government are doing their jobs.
167. Name two differences between the House of Representatives and the Senate.
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168. What are the steps for making a law?

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US Government
House of Representatives
Part of the Congress
The House of Representatives is one of the chambers of Congress that comprises the Legislative
Branch of the United States government. The other chamber is the Senate. Having two chambers of
Congress is called a "bicameral" legislature. The House of Representatives is sometimes just referred
to as "the House" or the "lower" chamber of Congress.
How many Representatives are there?
There are currently 435 representatives in the House. In the very first Congress there were only 65
representatives. The total number grew over time as new states joined the country and the population
grew. However, in 1911, the Congress decided that the House was getting too big. They passed a
law limiting the total number of representatives to 435.
The number of representatives from each state is determined by the population of the state. The
more people that live in the state, the more representatives that state has. Every state has at least
one representative no matter how small it is.
How long can someone be a Representative?
Representatives are elected to a new term every two years. In order to remain a representative, a
person must get re-elected each time. However, there are no term limits, so a person can be a
representative for as long as they continue to get elected.
Who can become a Representative?
The requirements for being a Representative are described in Article I of the Constitution:
1) they must be at least twenty-five years old

2) they must have been a U.S. citizen for the past seven years
3) they must live in the state they represent
Where does the House of Representatives meet?
The House of Representatives meets in the House Chamber located in the south wing of the U.S.
Capitol Building. The members sit in a number of chairs that form a semicircle. At the center of the
semicircle is the rostrum where the leaders of the House sit. There is an upper level called the gallery
where people can observe the House (see the picture above).
House of Representatives Leadership
• Speaker - The Speaker of the House is the leader. The Speaker is elected from the members
of the majority party (today this is either the Republicans or Democrats). The Speaker sets the
order of business in the House, moderates debates, and determines who sits on what
committee.
• Majority Leader - The Majority Leader is the head of the majority party.
• Minority Leader - The Minority Leader is the head of the minority party.
• Whips - Each party also elects a "whip" who works as the assistant to the party leader. The job
of the whip is to rally the members of the party to vote for or against legislation.
Special House of Representatives Powers
The main job of the House of Representatives is to vote on new laws along with the Senate. There
are a few powers, however, that are unique to the House:
• All tax bills and spending bills must start in the House.
• Only the House can impeach certain high ranking federal officials such as the President or a
Supreme Court Justice.
• The House decides who will be president if no one wins a majority of votes from the Electoral
College.
Interesting Facts about the House of Representatives
• The Speaker of the House is second in line to becoming the President of the United States
after the Vice President.
• The first woman member of Congress was Jeannette Rankin who was elected fromMontana in
1916.
• The first African-American member of Congress was Joseph H. Rainey who was elected from
South Carolina in 1870.
• James K. Polk was the only Speaker of the House who later became President.
• The longest serving member of the House was John Dingell from Michigan who served for 59
years.
169. How do they determine the number of representatives a state receives?

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170. What three unique powers does the House of Representatives have?
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Thursday 3/10/16
Pages 242-255
171. What did Lina find when she got out of the boat?
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172. What did Poppy find when they got out of the boat?
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173. Why did Lina end up deciding to take Poppy with her?
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174. What did Lina forget to do before she left Ember?
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175. What note did Lina and Doon find?
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176. What were the tiny specks of light in the sky that Doon and Lina saw? Why didn’t they
recognize them?
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US Government
The Senate
Part of the Congress
The Senate is one of the chambers of Congress that comprises the Legislative Branch of the United
States government. The other chamber is the House of Representatives. Having two chambers of
Congress is called a "bicameral" legislature. The Senate is sometimes called the "upper" house of the
Congress.
How many Senators are there?
There are exactly 100 Senators in the Senate. Each state elects two Senators to represent their state.
It doesn't matter how big or small the state is.
How long can someone be a Senator?
Each Senator is elected for a term of six years, but there no limits as to how many terms a person
can be a Senator. This means a person can be a Senator for as long as they keep getting elected.
Who can become a Senator?
The requirements for being a Senator are described in Article I of the Constitution:
1) must be at least 30 years old

2) must have been a citizen of the U.S. for the last 9 years
3) must be a resident of the state that they represent
Where does the Senate meet?
The Senate meets in the Senate Chamber in the north wing of the U.S. Capitol Building. Each
Senator has an individual desk. The desks are arranged in a large semicircle with the leaders sitting
in the center of the circle. There is a visitor's gallery that overlooks the chamber.
Senate Leadership
• President: The United States Vice-President also serves as President of the Senate. The Vice-
President only votes on new laws in the case of a tie in the Senate.
• President pro tempore - The Senate elects the President pro tempore who presides over the
Senate when the Vice-President doesn't attend. Today, the Vice-President seldom presides
over the Senate.
• Majority Leader - The Majority Leader is elected by the political party with the most Senators
(today this is the Democrats or Republicans). The majority leader has significant powers in the
Senate including setting the agenda and scheduling debates and votes.
• Minority Leader - The Minority Leader is elected by the political party with the second most
Senators.
• Whips - Each party also has an assistant leader called the party whip. The whip tries to keep
the members of the party in line so they will vote along with the rest of the party.
Debates and Filibusters
When a bill is up for a vote, the Senate will debate the pros and cons of the bill. When a Senator
speaks they talk to the presiding officer. They are not allowed to use the names of other Senators, but
refer to them by their position such as "the distinguished Senator from Georgia."
There is no restrictions on how long a debate can last in the Senate. As a result, sometimes Senators
will try to delay the vote on a bill by giving a really long speech. This is called a filibuster. A filibuster
can be stopped if three-fifths of the Senators vote to end it. This is called cloture.
Special Senate Powers
The main job of the Senate is to vote on new laws along with the House of Representatives.
However, the Senate has some unique powers that the House does not have:
• They approve some appointments made by the President including Cabinet members,
Supreme Court Justices, and high-ranking military commanders.
• They ratify treaties with foreign governments.
• They try cases of impeachment of federal officers that have been impeached by the House.
• They select the Vice President if there is no majority in the Electoral College.
Interesting Facts about the Senate
• Elections for Senators are staggered so that one-third of the Senate is elected every two
years.
• Senators are paid a salary of $174,000 each year (2013). They also receive retirement and
health benefits.
• Senators were originally elected by the state legislature. This was changed by the Seventeenth
Amendment so the people of the state elected the Senators.
• The name "Senate" comes from the Senate of the Ancient Roman Republic.
177. How many senators are there in all? How many senators are there per state?
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178. Who is the President of the Senate?

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US Government
How Laws are Made
The U.S. government has a number of laws that help to keep order and protect the people of the
country. Each new law must be agreed upon by both houses of Congress and the President. Every
law goes through a specific process before it is officially a new law of the country.
An Idea
Each law starts out as an idea. These ideas can come from many different places including special
interest groups, the President, members of Congress, and regular citizens.
Writing a Bill
The next step is that the idea must be written down and explained. This first draft of the idea is called
a bill. The bill then needs a member of Congress to sponsor the law. The sponsor is someone who
believes strongly in the bill and wants to see it turned into a law. The sponsor can either be a Senator
or a member of the House of Representatives.
Introduction in Congress
The sponsor then introduces the bill either to the House or the Senate. Once the bill has been
introduced it is assigned a number and officially recorded as a bill.
Committee
After being introduced, the bill is sent to a committee. Committees are smaller groups of congress
that are experts in certain areas. For example, if the bill has to do with the classroom size in public
schools then it would be sent to the Committee on Education. The committee discusses the details of
the bill. They bring in experts from outside the Congress to give testimony and debate the pros and
cons of the bill.
Before passing the bill, the committee may decide to make changes. If the committee finally agrees to
pass the bill, it will then move on to the main chamber of the House or Senate for approval.
House Approval
If the bill began in the House it will first go to the House for approval. The representatives will discuss
and debate the bill. Then the members of the House will vote on the bill. If the bill passes, then it will
be sent to the Senate.
Senate
The Senate will then go through the same process. It will discuss and debate the bill and then take a
vote. If the bill passes through the Senate, it will then be sent to the President.
President
The final step in a bill becoming a law is the president's signature. Once the president signs the bill,
then it officially becomes a law.
President Bush signs a bill into law

Veto
The president can decide to not sign the bill. This is called a veto. The Senate and House can choose
to override the president's veto by taking another vote. In order to override the veto, however, the bill
must now pass both the Senate and House by a two-thirds majority.
The president has 10 days to sign a bill into law. If he doesn't sign it within 10 days then one of two
things can happen:
1) If Congress is in session it will become a law

2) If Congress is not in session it will be considered vetoed (this is called a pocket veto).
Interesting Facts about How Laws are Made
• Large and important bills often have many sponsors called "co-sponsors."
• Congressional committees often reject bills by simply not acting on them. Around 90% of bills
"die in committee."
• Only around 5% of bills introduced in Congress eventually become law.
• In order to prevent a vote on a bill, sometimes a Senator will extend the debate by giving a
really long speech. This kind of speech is called a filibuster.
179. If the President does not sign a bill into law, what two things can happen?
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180. What two places can a bill begin?

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Friday 3/11/16
Pages 256-270
181. What did Doon and Lina see flying in the sky?
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182. What was the purpose of the plan according to the message Lina and Doon read?
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183. Who did the builders have go to Ember?

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184. What animal do you think they saw?

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185. What were the lights way below them?
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. 186. How did Lina and Doon send a message to people in Ember?
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Judicial Branch - The Supreme
Court
The Judicial Branch of the government is made up of judges and courts. The judges are not elected
by the people like the president and members of congress; they are appointed by the president and
then confirmed by the Senate.
There is a hierarchy of federal courts in the United States. District courts cover area of the countries
and handle most of the federal cases and the first level of trials. Above them is the 13 courts of
appeals. At the top of the Judicial Branch is the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court has the final
say. Federal judges are appointed for life. They can only be removed from office by death or by
impeachment from Congress. This is to allow judges to make decisions based on their conscience
and not on what they feel they need to do to get elected.
The job of the courts is to interpret the laws of the Congress. They do not make laws. They also only
make decisions on actual cases where someone has shown that they have been harmed.
The Supreme Court
The highest court in the United States is the Supreme Court. The Constitution doesn't say how many
Supreme Court Justices there should be. There have been as few as 6 justices in the past, but since
1869 there have been 9 justices.
The President nominates all the Supreme Court members and the Senate confirms them. They hold
their offices for life.
The Supreme Court doesn't have a lot of trials. What they mostly do is review cases that have been
appealed from the lower courts. Not all cases that are sent to the Supreme Court are reviewed.
Around 7,500 requests are sent to the Supreme Court each year and they only consider around 150
important enough to review.
The Judicial Process
The Constitution states that every person has the right to a fair trial before a competent judge and a
jury of their peers. The Bill of Rights adds to this guaranteeing other rights such as a speedy trial, the
right to legal representation, the right not to be tried for the same crime twice, and protection from
cruel punishments.
Once arrested for a crime, the accused will get to appear before a judge to be charged with the crime
and to enter a plea of guilty or not-guilty.
Next the accused is given a lawyer, if they can't afford their own, and is given time to review the
evidence and build up their defense. Then the case is tried before a judge and a jury. If the jury
determines that the defendant is not-guilty, then charges are dropped and the accused goes free. If
the jury has a guilty verdict, then the judge determines the sentence.
If one side feels that the trial wasn't handled correctly or fairly, they can appeal to a higher court. The
higher court may overturn the decision or keep it the same. The highest court is the Supreme Court.
There is no appealing a Supreme Court decision.
187. How is the process for becoming a Supreme Court Justice different than
becoming a Senator? How long does someone stay a Supreme Court Justice?
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188. How does a court case or trial go the Supreme Court?

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US Government
Landmark Supreme Court Cases
What is a landmark case?
Landmark cases are important Supreme Court cases where the decisions made on the cases had
a lasting impact on the law and future cases.
Why are they important?
Landmark cases are important because they change the way the Constitution is interpreted. When
new cases are brought before the courts, the decisions made by the Supreme Court in landmark
cases are looked at to see how the judge shall rule. Lawyers cite landmark cases to prove a point
and judges cite them to justify their decisions.
Examples of Landmark Cases
There have been a number of landmark cases throughout the history of the Supreme Court.
We've listed a few below and described why they are considered important.
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
This case is probably the most important case in the history of the Supreme Court. With this case
the Supreme Court claimed the power of "judicial review." This is the power to declare laws made
by Congress unconstitutional. This power was not given to the Supreme Court by the
Constitution.
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
This important case rose to the Supreme Court when the state of Maryland tried to tax the Bank of
the United States. Maryland claimed that the Constitution did not give the federal government the
right to create a bank. However, the Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution gave the federal
government certain implied powers that are not specifically stated.
Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)
This ruling said that all African Americans, both slaves and free, were not legal citizens of the
United States. This meant that they could not sue in federal court. It came about when a slave
named Dred Scott tried to sue for his freedom when his owner moved him to a free state and then
back to a slave state. The Fourteenth Amendment turned this decision around. Today,Dred Scott
v. Sandford is considered by many to be one of the worst rulings in the history of the Supreme
Court.
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Another case that is now infamous for how bad it was, is Plessy v. Ferguson. This case ruled that
segregation based on race was legal. It is famous for using the ruling of "separate but equal" by
saying that railway cars could be separated between black people and white people. The ruling
was later turned down by the case of Brown v. Board of Education.
Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
In this case, the court ruled that having separate public schools for black students and white
students was unconstitutional. This made segregation in public schools illegal and paved the way
to end racial segregation in general. Future Supreme Court justice Thurgood Marshall was the
lead lawyer for the NAACP who argued the case before the court.
Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
This case ruled that suspects of a crime could not be questioned until they had been read their
rights. This led to the Miranda Warning where police officers tell a suspect something like "you
have the right to remain silent, anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law.
You have the right to an attorney. If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be provided to you."
U.S. v. Nixon (1974)
In this case, the Supreme Court said that President Richard Nixon had to turn over tapes
regarding the Watergate scandal. This ruling set the precedent that the president is not above the
law and set limits as to the power of the president.
189. Why do lawyers and judges cite Landmark Cases?
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190. What do you think the most important Landmark Case is? Why?
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*** The R.A.C.E. questions and letter on the following pages are due 3/14/16
The City of Ember/Nonfiction
7. Why didn’t Lina and Doon tell everyone about the way out during the Singing?
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8. How does the government create a law?

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Date:___________
The City of Ember #4
Paragraph 1 - Introduction (Greeting or Salutation, Title,
Author, Genre, Brief Summary)
Paragraph 2 – Plot Resolution- How is the BIG problem solved?
Paragraph 3 – Theme- What is the theme of this book? (examples- honesty,
bravery, loyalty, hope).
Paragraph 4 – Conclusion (Review,
Recommendation, Questions, Future Prediction and
Signature)
* Don't forget to edit and revise your reading letter!
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The City of Ember
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4 3 2 1
Introduction Your introduction Your introduction Your introduction Your introduction is missing
includes: includes: includes: one of these:
□ Heading □ Heading □ Heading □ Heading
□ Title □ Title □ Title □ Title
□ Genre □ Genre □ Genre □ Genre
□ Author □ Author □ Author □ Author
□ Brief and □ Brief and □ Brief summary □ Brief summary
accurate accurate
summary summary
You have a creative
and insightful
beginning.
Introduction Feedback:
Connection, Your paragraph Your paragraph was Your paragraph was Your paragraph was missing
Prediction, etc. included: missing one: missing two: three:
□ Restated □ Restated □ Restated □ Restated Question
Question Question Question □ Answered Question
□ Answered □ Answered □ Answered □ Cited Evidence
Question Question Question □ Explained Evidence
□ Cited □ Cited □ Cited
□ Explained □ Explained □ Explained
Connection Feedback:
Connection, Your paragraph Your paragraph was Your paragraph was Your paragraph was
Prediction, etc. included: missing one: missing two: missing three:
□ Restated □ Restated □ Restated □ Restated
□ Answered □ Answered □ Answered □ Answered
□ Cited □ Cited □ Cited Evidence □ Cited Evidence
Evidence Evidence □ Explained □ Explained
□ Explained □ Explained Evidence Evidence
Evidence Evidence
Prediction Feedback:
Conclusion Your conclusion is Your conclusion is well Your conclusion is Your conclusion is not well
well written and written and is missing missing two or more of written and does not include:
includes: one of these: these: □ Prediction
□ Prediction □ Prediction □ Prediction □ Question
□ Question □ Question □ Question □ Review
□ Review □ Review □ Review □ Recommendation
□ Recommend □ Recommenda □ Recommenda □ Signature
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□ Signature □ Signature □ Signature
Conclusion Feedback:
Conventions Your letter is well Your letter is well Your letter is not well Your letter is not well edited
edited and includes edited and includes few edited and includes and shows little effort on
few or no spelling or spelling or grammar spelling or grammar spelling or grammar.
grammar mistakes. mistakes. mistakes.
Conventions Feedback:

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Name: _____________________ The City of Ember

Final Due Date Total Pages

Date No School Date Pages Date Pages Date Pages

1/11- 2/26-2/27 214-227

1/16- 2/28-3/1 228-241

1-18- 170-184 3/2-3/5 242-255

Mystery Fantasy Folktale Fable Informational

What point of view is the novel told in? Circle One:

Character Physical Traits Character Personality/Insight Traits

_____________________ ___________________ _____________________

____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________

____________________ ____________________ ___________________

In this chapter: ___________________________(Character(s)) ______________________________________

In this chapter: ___________________________(Character(s)) ______________________________________

In this chapter: ___________________________(Character(s)) ______________________________________

Chapter or Pages:___________________ Name:_________________

In this chapter: ___________________________(Character(s)) ______________________________________

In this chapter: ___________________________(Character(s)) ______________________________________

In this chapter: ___________________________(Character(s)) ______________________________________

4. What job did Lina pull out of the bag?

The Environment: Hydropower Energy

Hydropower is power that is generated from moving water such as rivers.

How do we get power from water?

Electricity can be generated by water moving through a dam

Fun Facts about Hydropower

7. What type of energy does the City of Ember use?

Utopias and Dystopias

New Harmony By F. Bate, Example Of A Utopia

9. What is the difference between a utopia and a dystopia?

10. Why might someone want to create a Utopia?

20. Why did Mrs. Sample have to sleep on her couch?

The Day Martin Luther King, Jr. Was Shot

23. What is pidgin? What was it used for?

24. Who was Nat Turner? What is he known for?

What favor did Lina ask of Mrs. Murdo?

Multiple Meaning Words

2. What type of context clue did you use?

Multiple Meaning Words

5. What does suit mean in the sentence below.

6. Are the two words homonyms, homophones or homographs? Explain.

The definition of the root appear is: come into sight

The prefix en means: again or to indicate repetition

• scrambling (page 57)

• thrust (page 41)

The City of Ember – Pages 1-57

42. What was Sadge Merrall rambling to Clary about?

43. Why couldn’t people of Ember go exploring in the Unknown Regions?

54. Where did Lina end up finding Poppy?

56. What notice appeared on all the city kiosks?

57. Why was Doon upset about the mayor’s speech?

76. What is the genre of this book? How do you know?

80. Where did Doon and Lina go together?

81. Why did Lina ask if there was a pan?

Multiple Meaning Words

2. What type of context clue did you use?

4. Read page 87. What could be a synonym for “yanked?”

The definition of the root comprehend is: grasp mentally; understand.

The prefix in means: opposite or not

___________ _ _____________

__ _

In this chapter: _(Character(s)) ____________

In this chapter: _(Character(s)) ____________

In this chapter: _(Character(s)) ____________

Chapter or Pages:___ Name:_

In this chapter: _(Character(s)) ____________

In this chapter: _(Character(s)) ____________

In this chapter: _(Character(s)) ____________