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Database Assignment
Database Assignment
Database Assignment
2. A database represents some aspect of the real world, sometimes called the miniworld or the
universe of discourse (DoD). Changes to the miniworld are reflected in the database. The
database is updated to reflect the changes.
14. Data abstraction generally refers to the suppression of details of data organisation and
storage and highlighting of the essential features for an improved understanding of data. One
of the main characteristics of the database approach is to support data abstraction so that
different users may perceive data at their preferred level of detail.
15. i) In a database environment, the primary resource is the database itself, and the secondary
resource is the DBMS and related software. Administering these resources is the responsibility
of the database administrator (DBA). The DBA is responsible for authorizing access to the
database, for coordinating and monitoring its use, and for acquiring software and hardware
resources as needed.
ii)
There are mainly three levels of data abstraction: Internal Level: Actual PHYSICAL storage
structure and access paths. Conceptual or Logical Level: Structure and constraints for the entire
database. External or View level: Describes various user views
The data in the database at a particular moment in time is called a database state or snapshot.
It is also called the current set of occurrences or instances in the database
The database definition or descriptive information about data is stored in the form of
database dictionary called metadata
The description of database is database schema specified during database design and is not
expected to change frequently