Solutions to Challengers 383

Chapter 1
Chemical Reactionsand Equations
1. (d) Only statement (d) follows a chemical reaction. Evaporation of water, storing of nitrogen gas under pressure and keeping petrol in
a China dish in open does not involve a chemical reaction.
Heating magnesium wire in the presence of air at high temperature involves a chemical reaction.
Mg( s ) + O2 ( g ) → 2MgO( s )
2. (d) Balanced chemical equation w.r.t. law of conservation of mass.
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C 2H 6 + O2 → 2CO2 + 3H 2O
2
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The coefficient of C 2H 6 is 1, for O2 , 2 for CO2 and 3 for H 2O.
2
3. (b) The salt ( X ) is Pb(NO3 )2 . When it is heated, then it evolves brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide and a yellow residue of lead oxide is
also formed.
∆
2Pb(NO3 )2 → 2PbO( s ) + 4NO2 ( g ) + O2 ( g )
Lead nitrate Lead oxide Nitrogen Oxygen
dioxide

4. (c) The reddish brown metal is copper that changes into a black substance, which is found to be copper oxide. The reaction taking
place is:
2Cu( s ) + O2 ( g ) → 2CuO( s )
Copper Oxygen Copper(II)
(Reddish brown) (from air) oxide (black)

5. (d) The reactions in which two ionic compounds in the solution react by exchange of their ions to form new compounds are called
double displacement reactions.
FeS( s )+ dil.H 2 SO4 ( aq ) → FeSO4 ( aq )+ H 2 S( g )
Iron Sulphuric Ferrous Hydrogen
sulphide acid sulphate sulphide

6. (a) The given reaction is a decomposition reaction and takes place on absorption of heat.
7. (c)
(i) Balancing of H-atoms: Multiply H + on LHS by 2.
M + 2H + → M 3 + + H 2
(ii) Balancing charges: Multipy 2H + by 3 and M 3 + by 2 so that charge on each side is +6.
(iii) Re-balancing of H-atoms: Multiply H 2 on RHS by 3
M + 6H + → 2 M 3 + + 3H 2
(iv) Balancing of M -atoms: Multiply M on LHS by 2
2 M + 6H + → 2 M 3 + + 3H 2
This is the required balanced equation and the metal is aluminium (M ).
8. (a) On exposure to sunlight, AgCl turns grey due to the decomposition of AgCl to form grey coloured Ag metal.